More FreeBSD tips for fortune(6)
Submitted by: lme PR: 192373
This commit is contained in:
Alfred Perlstein
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c7a9c7f627
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1909a1f494
@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ a root login. You can add a user to the wheel group by editing /etc/group.
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%
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By pressing "Scroll Lock" you can use the arrow keys to scroll backward
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through the console output. Press "Scroll Lock" again to turn it off.
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Don't have a "Scroll Lock" key? The "Pause / Break" key acts alike.
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%
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Can't remember if you've installed a certain port or not? Try "pkg info
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-x port_name".
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@ -40,8 +41,8 @@ Having trouble using fetch through a firewall? Try setting the environment
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variable FTP_PASSIVE_MODE to yes, and see fetch(3) for more details.
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%
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If other operating systems have damaged your Master Boot Record, you can
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reinstall it with boot0cfg(8). See
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"man boot0cfg" for details.
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reinstall it with gpart(8). See
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"man gpart" for details.
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%
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If you accidentally end up inside vi, you can quit it by pressing Escape, colon
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(:), q (q), bang (!) and pressing return.
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@ -116,7 +117,7 @@ In order to support national characters for European languages in tools like
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less without creating other nationalisation aspects, set the environment
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variable LC_ALL to 'en_US.ISO8859-1'.
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%
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"man firewall" will give advice for building a FreeBSD firewall
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"man firewall" will give advice for building a FreeBSD firewall using ipfw(8).
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-- David Scheidt <dscheidt@tumbolia.com>
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%
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"man hier" will explain the way FreeBSD filesystems are normally laid out.
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@ -141,7 +142,8 @@ FreeBSD system.
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-- David Scheidt <dscheidt@tumbolia.com>
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%
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Need to do a search in a manpage or in a file you've sent to a pager? Use
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"/search_word". To repeat the same search, type "n" for next.
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"/search_word". To repeat the same search, type "n" for next or "p" for
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previous.
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-- Dru <genesis@istar.ca>
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%
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Need to find the location of a program? Use "locate program_name".
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@ -183,7 +185,7 @@ flag is your gateway.
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Nice bash prompt: PS1='(\[$(tput md)\]\t <\w>\[$(tput me)\]) $(echo $?) \$ '
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-- Mathieu <mathieu@hal.interactionvirtuelle.com>
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%
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Over quota? "du -s * | sort -n " will give you a sorted list of your
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Over quota? "du -sh * | sort -h " will give you a sorted list of your
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directory sizes.
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-- David Scheidt <dscheidt@tumbolia.com>
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%
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@ -191,7 +193,8 @@ nc(1) (or netcat) is useful not only for redirecting input/output to
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TCP or UDP connections, but also for proxying them with inetd(8).
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%
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sh (the default Bourne shell in FreeBSD) supports command-line editing. Just
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``set -o emacs'' or ``set -o vi'' to enable it.
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``set -o emacs'' or ``set -o vi'' to enable it. Use "<TAB>" key to complete
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paths.
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%
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Simple tcsh prompt: set prompt = '%# '
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%
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@ -215,6 +218,8 @@ the scroll lock key and use your page up button. When you're finished,
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press the scroll lock key again to get your prompt back.
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-- Dru <genesis@istar.ca>
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%
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You can press Ctrl-L while in the shell to clear the screen.
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%
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To determine whether a file is a text file, executable, or some other type
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of file, use
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@ -231,10 +236,10 @@ is running FreeBSD at the time) to quickly find files based on name only.
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To erase a line you've written at the command prompt, use "Ctrl-U".
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-- Dru <genesis@istar.ca>
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%
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To find the hostname associated with an IP address, use
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To find out the hostname associated with an IP address, use
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drill -x IP_address
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-- Allan Jude <allanjude@FreeBSD.org>
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-- Dru <genesis@istar.ca>
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%
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To obtain a neat PostScript rendering of a manual page, use ``-t'' switch
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of the man(1) utility: ``man -t <topic>''. For example:
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@ -247,7 +252,8 @@ To quickly create an empty file, use "touch filename".
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-- Dru <genesis@istar.ca>
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%
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To read a compressed file without having to first uncompress it, use
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"zcat" or "zless" to view it.
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"zcat" or "zless" to view it. There is also "bzcat", "bzless", "xzcat"
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and "xzless".
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-- Dru <genesis@istar.ca>
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%
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To repeat the last command in the C shell, type "!!".
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@ -283,7 +289,7 @@ To see how much disk space is left on your partitions, use
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%
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To see the 10 largest files on a directory or partition, use
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du /partition_or_directory_name | sort -rn | head
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du -h /partition_or_directory_name | sort -rh | head
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-- Dru <genesis@istar.ca>
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%
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To see the IP addresses currently set on your active interfaces, type
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@ -291,7 +297,8 @@ To see the IP addresses currently set on your active interfaces, type
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-- Dru <genesis@istar.ca>
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%
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To see the last 10 lines of a long file, use "tail filename". To see the
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first 10 lines, use "head filename".
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first 10 lines, use "head filename". To see new lines as they're appended
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to a file, use "tail -f filename".
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-- Dru <genesis@istar.ca>
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%
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To see the last time that you logged in, use lastlogin(8).
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@ -343,6 +350,9 @@ write
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This won't work if you don't have write permissions to the directory
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and probably won't be suitable if you're editing through a symbolic link.
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If you have sudo(8) installed and permissions to use it, type
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``<ESC>w ! sudo tee %'' to force a write.
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%
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You can adjust the volume of various parts of the sound system in your
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computer by typing 'mixer <type> <volume>'. To get a list of what you can
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@ -393,7 +403,7 @@ You can make a log of your terminal session with script(1).
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You can often get answers to your questions about FreeBSD by searching in the
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FreeBSD mailing list archives at
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http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/search.html
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http://freebsd.markmail.org
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%
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You can open up a new split-screen window in (n)vi with :N or :E and then
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use ^w to switch between the two.
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@ -408,8 +418,6 @@ You can press Ctrl-D to quickly exit from a shell, or logout from a
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login shell.
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-- Konstantinos Konstantinidis <kkonstan@duth.gr>
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%
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You can press Ctrl-L while in the shell to clear the screen.
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%
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You can press up-arrow or down-arrow to walk through a list of
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previous commands in tcsh.
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%
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@ -439,7 +447,9 @@ aliases, you can usually type just 'alias'.
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%
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You can use /etc/make.conf to control the options used to compile software
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on this system. Example entries are in
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/usr/share/examples/etc/make.conf.
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/usr/share/examples/etc/make.conf and in make.conf(5).
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For options that are set for building FreeBSD's kernel and its world, see
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src.conf(5).
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%
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You can use "pkg info" to see a list of packages you have installed.
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%
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@ -457,8 +467,102 @@ Try "whereis firefox" and "whereis whereis".
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-- Konstantinos Konstantinidis <kkonstan@duth.gr>
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%
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Want to run the same command again?
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In tcsh you can type "!!"
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In tcsh you can type "!!".
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%
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Want to go the directory you were just in?
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Type "cd -"
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%
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Can't delete /usr/obj? Enter "chflags -R noschg /usr/obj" to remove the
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system immutable flag for all files in /usr/obj.
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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Want to list all files of an installed package? Enter
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"pkg info -l packagename".
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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Are you looking for a package? Search for it with
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"pkg search part_of_package_name"
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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If you want to recursively copy a directory preserving file and directory
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attributes use
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"cp -a source target"
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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Do you wonder what a terminal program is doing at the moment? dd(1) does not
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show any troughput? Hit "^T" (Control + t) to send SIGINFO to the process
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and see what it is doing.
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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Do you want to know which version of FreeBSD you are running? Enter
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"freebsd-version -ku" to display kernel and userland version.
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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If you want to end one or more processes at a time using a regular expression
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enter "pkill regex".
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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Do you want to run a program directly after some other process has ended? Use
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"pwait pid && new_program"
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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When you want your users to be able to reboot or shutdown FreeBSD, add them
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to the group "operator" and they are allowed to use shutdown(8) and poweroff(8).
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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If you need to create a FAT32 formatted USB thumb drive, find out its devicename
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running dmesg(8) after inserting it. Then create an MBR schema, a single slice and
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format it:
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# gpart create -s MBR ${devicename}
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# gpart add -t fat32 ${devicename}
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# newfs_msdos -F 32 -L thumbdrive ${devicename}s1
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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If you want to get a sorted list of all services that are started when FreeBSD boots,
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enter "service -e".
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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To easily configure your installed FreeBSD use bsdconfig(8).
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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After you compiled and installed a new version of FreeBSD, use etcupdate(8) to merge
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configuration updates.
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Run "etcupdate extract" once when your sources match your running system, then run
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"etcupdate" after every upgrade and "etcupdate resolve" to resolve any conflicts.
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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Do you want to do a binary upgrade of your running FreeBSD installation? Use freebsd-update(8).
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To install updates and patches for the running branch use
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# freebsd-update fetch install
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To upgrade to a newer release use
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# freebsd-update upgrade -r ${name_of_release}
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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To run rc scripts in /etc/rc.d and /usr/local/etc/rc.d use service(8).
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Run "service ${name_of_rc_script} start" to start a daemon and
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"service ${name_of_rc_script} stop" to stop it.
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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If you don't want to edit /etc/rc.conf directly, use sysrc(8) to add and remove entries.
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Use "sysrc name=value" to add an entry and "sysrc -x name" to delete an entry.
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-- Lars Engels <lme@FreeBSD.org>
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%
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