Added description of TurboLaser (AlphaServer 8x00) that is now
supported thanks to Matt Jacob. Reviewed by: Matt Jacob
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wilko
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@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ design is the 21064. It was produced in a chip process called MOS4,
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chips made in this process are nicknamed EV4. Newer CPUs are 21164, 21264
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etc. You will see designations like EV4S, EV45, EV5, EV56, EV6, EV67.
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The EVs with double digit numbers are slightly improved versions. For example
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EV45 has an improved FPU and 16 kByte onchip seperate I & D caches compared
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EV45 has an improved FPU and 16 kByte onchip separate I & D caches compared
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to the EV4 on which it is based. Rule of thumb: the higher the digit
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immediately following 'EV' the more desirable (read: faster / more modern).
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@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ bug. The SRM does not know about the ECO and will complain about unknown cards
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as before. So does the FreeBSD kernel by the way.
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EIDE:
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The Miata SRM can boot from IDE CDROM drives. Harddisk boot is known to work for
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The Miata SRM can boot from IDE CDROM drives. Hard disk boot is known to work for
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both MiataGL and MX5 disks, so you can root FreeBSD from an IDE disk. Speeds
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on MX5 are around 14 Mbytes/sec assuming a suitable drive. The CMD646 chip will
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support up to WDMA2 mode as the silicon is too buggy for use with UDMA.
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@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ some of the MX5 riser card versions. Some of the MX5 risers have the *same*
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chip as the MiataGL. All in all there is a lot of variation.
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Sound:
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both MX5 and MiataGL have an onboard sound chip, an ESS1888.
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both MX5 and MiataGL have an on-board sound chip, an ESS1888.
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I have yet to see/hear it work on my MiataGL. But it is being worked on.
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Cache:
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@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ Does not currently seem to work on FreeBSD/alpha judging from the kernel
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probe messages.
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Power:
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disconnect the powercord before dismantling the machine, the soft-power
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disconnect the power cord before dismantling the machine, the soft-power
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switch keeps part of the logic powered even when the machine is switched
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off.
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@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ DEC3000/500-class are quite fast (considering their age) thanks to the
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good memory design. DEC3000/300 is crippled compared to DEC3000/500 because
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of its much narrower memory bus.
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They are called 'Birds' because their internal DEC codenames were bird
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They are called 'Birds' because their internal DEC code names were bird
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names:
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DEC3000/400 'Sandpiper' 133MHz CPU, desktop
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@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ be mixed, as long as the pairs themselves are identical.
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When you find yourself in need of fixing 32Mbyte SIMMs that lack correct
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presence bits the following info might be of use:
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There are four presence detection bits on PS/2 simms. Two of
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There are four presence detection bits on PS/2 SIMMs. Two of
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the bits indicate the access time. The other two indicate the memory size.
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At one end of the simm there are two rows of four solder pads. One
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@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ ancient anyway.
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SCSI:
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The EB64+ SRM can boot both 53C810 and Qlogic1040 SCSI adapters. Pitfall for
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the Qlogic is that the firmware that is downloaded by the SRM onto the
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the Qlogic is that the firmware that is down-loaded by the SRM onto the
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Qlogic chip is very old. There are no updates for the EB64+ SRM available.
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So you are stuck with old Qlogic bits too. I have had quite some problems
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when I wanted to use Ultra-SCSI drives on the Alpine/Qlogic. The
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@ -705,11 +705,11 @@ For the EB164 class machines the kernel config file must contain:
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The Digital AlphaStation 200 and 400 series systems are early PCI based
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workstations for the lower end. The 200 series is a desktop box, the 400
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series is a deskside mini-tower.
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series is a desk-side mini-tower.
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Features:
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- 21064 or 21064A CPU
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- DECchip 21071-AA (core logic chipset) consisting of:
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- DECchip 21071-AA (core logic chip-set) consisting of:
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Cache/memory controller (one 21071-CA chip)
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PCI interface (one 21071-DA chip)
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Data path (two 21071-BA chips)
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@ -761,13 +761,13 @@ For the AlphaStation-[24]00 machines the kernel config file must contain:
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*
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AS500 and 600 were the high-end EV5 / PCI based workstations. EV6 based
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machines have in the meantime taken their place as front runners. AS500 is
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a desktop in a dark blue case (TopGun blue), AS600 is a sturdy deskside box.
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a desktop in a dark blue case (TopGun blue), AS600 is a sturdy desk-side box.
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AS600 has a nice LCD panel to observe the early stages of SRM startup.
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Features:
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- 21164 EV5 CPU at 333, 400 or 500 MHz (AS500)
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at 266 or 300 MHz (AS600)
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- 21171 or 21172 (Alcor) core logic chipset
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- 21171 or 21172 (Alcor) core logic chip-set
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- cache: 2 or 4 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600 at 266 MHz)
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4 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600 at 300 MHz)
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2 or 8 Mb L3 / Bcache (8 Mb on 500 MHz version only)
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@ -837,8 +837,8 @@ For the AlphaStation-[56]00 machines the kernel config file must contain:
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*
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* AlphaServer 1000 ("Mikasa"), 1000A ("Noritake") and 800
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*
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The AlphaServer range of machines are aimed as departmental servers. They
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come in quite some variations in packaging and mainboard/cpu. Generally
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The AlphaServer 1000 and 800 range of machines is aimed as departmental servers.
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They come in quite some variations in packaging and mainboard/cpu. Generally
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speaking there are 21064 (EV4) CPU based machines and 21164 (EV5) based
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ones. The CPU is on a daughter card, and the type of CPU (EV4 or EV5) must
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match the mainboard in use. AlphaServer 800 is a much smaller mini tower
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@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ Features:
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- embedded SCSI based on NCR/Symbios 810 [AS1000] or Qlogic 1020 [AS1000A]
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Box:
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AS1000 based machines come in multiple boxes. Floor standing, rackmount,
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AS1000 based machines come in multiple boxes. Floor standing, rack-mount,
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with or without StorageWorks SCSI chassis etc. The electronics are the
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same.
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@ -999,7 +999,7 @@ Memory:
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For 500 MHz CPUs 83 MHz DIMMs will do. DIMMs are installed in sets of 4,
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starting with the DIMM slots marked '0'. Memory capacity is max 4 Gb.
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DIMMs are installed 'physically interleaved', note the markings of the
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slots. Memory bandwith of Monet is twice that of Webbrick.
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slots. Memory bandwidth of Monet is twice that of Webbrick.
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EIDE:
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Is usable / bootable for system disk so FreeBSD can be rooted on an EIDE
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@ -1041,7 +1041,7 @@ Features:
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Case:
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DS20 is housed in a fat minitower-like enclosure. The enclosure also
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contains a StorageWorks SCSI hotswap shelf for a maximum of 7 3.5" SCSI
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contains a StorageWorks SCSI hot-swap shelf for a maximum of 7 3.5" SCSI
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devices. DS20E is a sleeker case, without the StorageWorks shelf.
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Embedded SCSI:
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@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ DP264 can have 2 CPUs installed. FreeBSD/alpha is not currently SMP-capable
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and will only use the primary CPU.
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Embedded SCSI:
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The onboard Adaptec is not bootable but works with FreeBSD 4.0 and later
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The on-board Adaptec is not bootable but works with FreeBSD 4.0 and later
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as a datadisk-only SCSI bus.
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Embedded IDE:
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@ -1111,13 +1111,100 @@ The kernel config file must contain:
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Contrary to expectation there is no 'cpu EV6' defined for inclusion in the
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kernel config file. The 'cpu EV5' is mandatory to keep config(8) happy.
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*
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* AlphaServer 8200 and 8400 ("TurboLaser")
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*
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The AlphaServer 8200 and 8400 machines are aimed as enterprise servers.
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Expect a tall 19" cabinet (8200) or fat (8400) 19" rack. This is big iron,
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not a hobbyist system. These are multi-CPU machines, up to 12 CPUs can be in
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a single machine. The TurboLaser System Bus (TLSB) allows 9 nodes on the
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AS8400 and 5 nodes on the AS8200. TLSB is 256 bit data, 40 bit address
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allowing 2.1 Gbytes/sec. Nodes on the TLSB can be CPUs, memory or I/O. A
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maximum of 3 I/O ports are supported on a TLSB. Basic disk storage is housed
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in a StorageWorks shelf.
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Features:
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- 21164 EV5 CPUs at up to 467 MHz
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21264 EV67 CPUs at up to 625 MHz
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one or two CPUs per CPU module
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- cache: 4Mbytes per CPU
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- memory bus: 256 bit with ECC
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- memory:
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uses big memory modules that plug into the TLSB, which in turn
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hold special SIMM modules.
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memory modules come in varying sizes, up to 2 Gbytes a piece.
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uses ECC (8 bites per 64 bits of data)
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7 modules max for AS8400, 3 modules max for AS8200
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maximum memory is 14 Gbytes
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- expansion:
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3 system 'I/O ports' that allow up to 12 I/O channels
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each I/O channel can connect to XMI, Futurebus+ or PCI boxes
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Memory:
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FreeBSD supports (and has been tested with) up to 2 Gbytes of memory on
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TurboLaser.
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CPU:
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TurboLaser is very much a multiprocessor machine. Currently FreeBSD only
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uses one CPU.
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Expansion:
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Only PCI expansion is supported on FreeBSD. XMI or Futurebus+ (which
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are AS8400 only) are both unsupported.
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The I/O port modules are designated KFTIA or KFTHA. The I/O port modules
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supply so called 'hoses' that connect to up to 4 (KFTHA) PCI buses or 1
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PCI bus (KFTIA). KFTIA has embedded dual 10baseT Ethernet, single FDDI,
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3 SCSI Fast Wide Differential SCSI buses and a single Fast Wide Single Ended
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SCSI bus. The FWSE SCSI is intended for the systems CDROM.
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KFTHA can drive via each of its 4 hoses a DWLPA or DWLPB box. The DWLPx
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house a 12 slots 32 bit PCI backplane. Physically the 12 slots are 3 4-slot
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buses but to the software it appears as a single 12 slots PCI bus. A fully
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expanded AS8x00 can have 3 (I/O ports) times 4 (hoses) times 12 (PCI
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slots/DWLPx) = 144 PCI slots. The maximum bandwidth per KFTHA is 500
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Mbytes/second. DWLPA can also house 8 EISA cards, 2 slots are PCI-only, 2
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slots are EISA only. Of the 12 slots 2 are always occupied by an I/O and
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connector module.
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For best performance distribute high bandwidth (FibreChannel, Gigabit Ethernet)
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over multiple hoses and/or multiple KFTHA/KFTIA.
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Currently PCI expansion cards containing PCI bridges have not been tested.
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Embedded SCSI:
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The single ended SCSI bus on the KFTIA will turn up as the fourth (!)
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SCSI bus. The 3 differential SCSI buses of the KFTIA precede it.
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Console:
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AS8x00 are generally run with serial consoles. Some newer machines might
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have a graphical console of some sorts but FreeBSD has only been tested on
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a serial console.
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For serial console usage either change /etc/ttys to have:
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console "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown on secure
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as the console entry, or add
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zs0 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown on secure
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and make the zs node:
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mknod /dev/zs0 c 135 0
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For the AlphaServer 8x00 machines the kernel config file must
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contain:
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options DEC_KN8AE # Alpha 8200/8400 (Turbolaser)
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cpu EV5
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Supported hardware overview
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---------------------------
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Word of caution: the installed base for FreeBSD/alpha is not nearly as large
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as for FreeBSD/intel. This means that the enormous variation of PCI/ISA
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as for FreeBSD/Intel. This means that the enormous variation of PCI/ISA
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expansion cards out there has much less chance of having been tested on
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alpha than on intel. This is not to imply they are doomed to fail, just that
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alpha than on Intel. This is not to imply they are doomed to fail, just that
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the chance of running into something never tested before is much greater.
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GENERIC contains things that are known to work on Alpha only.
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@ -1148,7 +1235,7 @@ a VGA-compatibility mode on PCI VGA cards. This is, however, not guaranteed
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to work by Compaq/DEC for each and every card type out there. When the SRM
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thinks the VGA is acceptable FreeBSD will be able to use it. The console driver
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works just like on a FreeBSD/intel machine. The TGA video graphics which
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is builtin on for example Multia is reported to be not usable with FreeBSD.
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is built-in on for example Multia is reported to be not usable with FreeBSD.
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- serial ports: the 'PC standard' serial ports found on most Alphas are
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supported. For TurboChannel machines the serial ports are also supported.
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@ -1164,8 +1251,6 @@ Hardware support due soon
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- Support for the AlphaServer 4100 ("Rawhide") machines (post-4.0)
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- Support for the AlphaServer 8200 ("TurboLaser") machines (post-4.0)
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Acknowledgments
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----------------
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