Reduce diffs against fdisk/fdisk.8.
This commit is contained in:
parent
856d5abeed
commit
a39259958d
@ -27,31 +27,34 @@ The BIOS brings in sector 0 and verifies the magic number.
|
||||
The sector
|
||||
0 boot code then searches the partition table to determine which
|
||||
partition is marked
|
||||
.Em active .
|
||||
.Dq active .
|
||||
This boot code then brings in the bootstrap from the
|
||||
.Em active
|
||||
partition and, if marked bootable, runs it.
|
||||
Under DOS,
|
||||
you can have one or more partitions with one
|
||||
.Em active .
|
||||
The DOS
|
||||
active partition and, if marked bootable, runs it.
|
||||
Under
|
||||
.Tn DOS ,
|
||||
you can have one or more partitions with one active.
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Tn DOS
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
utility can be used to divide space on the disk into partitions and set one
|
||||
.Em active .
|
||||
active.
|
||||
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
utility serves a similar purpose to the DOS program.
|
||||
utility,
|
||||
.Nm ,
|
||||
serves a similar purpose to the
|
||||
.Tn DOS
|
||||
utility.
|
||||
The first form is used to
|
||||
display partition information or to interactively edit the partition
|
||||
table.
|
||||
The second is used to write a partition table using a
|
||||
.Ar configfile
|
||||
.Ar configfile ,
|
||||
and is designed to be used by other scripts/programs.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Options are:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width time
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width indent
|
||||
.It Fl a
|
||||
Change the active partition only.
|
||||
Ignored if
|
||||
@ -59,17 +62,9 @@ Ignored if
|
||||
is given.
|
||||
.It Fl B
|
||||
Reinitialize the boot code contained in sector 0 of the disk.
|
||||
Ignored
|
||||
if
|
||||
Ignored if
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is given.
|
||||
.It Fl I
|
||||
Initialize the partition table.
|
||||
One
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
slice covering the entire disk will be created.
|
||||
Some space at the start of the disk will reserved for the IPL program
|
||||
and the pc98 partition table itself.
|
||||
.It Fl f Ar configfile
|
||||
Set partition values using the file
|
||||
.Ar configfile .
|
||||
@ -78,14 +73,16 @@ The
|
||||
always modifies existing partitions, unless
|
||||
.Fl i
|
||||
is also given, in which case all existing partitions are deleted (marked
|
||||
as "unused") before the
|
||||
as
|
||||
.Dq unused )
|
||||
before the
|
||||
.Ar configfile
|
||||
is read.
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Ar configfile
|
||||
can be "-", in which case
|
||||
.Ar stdin
|
||||
is read.
|
||||
can be
|
||||
.Sq Fl ,
|
||||
in which case standard input is read.
|
||||
See
|
||||
.Sx CONFIGURATION FILE ,
|
||||
below, for file syntax.
|
||||
@ -93,7 +90,7 @@ below, for file syntax.
|
||||
.Em WARNING :
|
||||
when
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is used, you are not asked if you really want to write the partition
|
||||
is used, you are not asked if you really want to write the partitions
|
||||
table (as you are in the interactive mode).
|
||||
Use with caution!
|
||||
.It Fl i
|
||||
@ -103,6 +100,13 @@ This implies
|
||||
unless
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is given.
|
||||
.It Fl I
|
||||
Initialize the partition table
|
||||
for one
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
slice covering the entire disk.
|
||||
Some space at the start of the disk will reserved for the IPL program
|
||||
and the pc98 partition table itself.
|
||||
.It Fl s
|
||||
Print summary information and exit.
|
||||
.It Fl t
|
||||
@ -113,7 +117,7 @@ option to see what would be written to the partition table.
|
||||
Implies
|
||||
.Fl v .
|
||||
.It Fl u
|
||||
Is used for updating (editing) sector 0 of the disk.
|
||||
Update (edit) the disk's partition table.
|
||||
Ignored if
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is given.
|
||||
@ -126,30 +130,26 @@ is used,
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
prints out the partition table that is written to the disk.
|
||||
.It Fl 12345678
|
||||
Operate on a single fdisk entry only.
|
||||
Operate on a single partition table entry only.
|
||||
Ignored if
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
is given.
|
||||
.El
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The final disk name can be provided as a
|
||||
.Sq bare
|
||||
.Dq bare
|
||||
disk name only, e.g.\&
|
||||
.Ql da0 ,
|
||||
or as a fully qualified device node under
|
||||
.Pa /dev .
|
||||
If omitted, the disks
|
||||
.Ql wd0 ,
|
||||
.Ql da0 ,
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Ql od0
|
||||
are being searched in that order, until one is
|
||||
being found responding.
|
||||
.Pa da0 ,
|
||||
or as a full pathname.
|
||||
If omitted,
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
tries to figure out the default disk device name from the
|
||||
mounted root device.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
When called with no arguments, it prints the sector 0 partition table.
|
||||
When called with no arguments, it prints the partition table.
|
||||
An example follows:
|
||||
.Bd -literal
|
||||
******* Working on device /dev/rda0 *******
|
||||
******* Working on device /dev/da0 *******
|
||||
parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are:
|
||||
cylinders=33075 heads=8 sectors/track=32 (256 blks/cyl)
|
||||
|
||||
@ -203,153 +203,143 @@ An example follows:
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The disk is divided into three partitions that happen to fill the disk.
|
||||
The second partition overlaps the end of the first.
|
||||
(Used for debugging purposes)
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width "cyl, sector and head"
|
||||
.It Em "sysmid"
|
||||
(Used for debugging purposes.)
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width ".Em cyl , sector No and Em head"
|
||||
.It Em sysmid
|
||||
is used to label the partition.
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
reserves the
|
||||
magic number 148 decimal (94 in hex).
|
||||
.It Em start No and Em size
|
||||
.It Xo
|
||||
.Em start
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Em size
|
||||
.Xc
|
||||
fields provide the start address
|
||||
and size of a partition in sectors.
|
||||
.\" !PC98 .It Em "flag 80"
|
||||
.\" specifies that this is the active partition.
|
||||
.It Em cyl , sector No and Em head
|
||||
fields are used to specify the beginning address
|
||||
and end address for the partition.
|
||||
.It Xo
|
||||
.Em cyl , sector
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Em head
|
||||
.Xc
|
||||
fields are used to specify the beginning and end addresses of the partition.
|
||||
.It Em "system Name"
|
||||
is the name of the partition.
|
||||
.It Em Note :
|
||||
these numbers are calculated using BIOS's understanding of the disk geometry
|
||||
and saved in the bootblock.
|
||||
.El
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The flags
|
||||
.Fl i
|
||||
or
|
||||
.Fl u
|
||||
are used to indicate that the partition data is to be updated, unless the
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
option is used.
|
||||
If the
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
option is not used, the
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
utility will enter a conversational mode.
|
||||
This mode is designed not to change any data unless you explicitly tell it to.
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
utility selects defaults for its questions to guarantee the above behavior.
|
||||
.Em Note :
|
||||
these numbers are calculated using BIOS's understanding of the disk geometry
|
||||
and saved in the bootblock.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
It displays each partition
|
||||
and ask if you want to edit it.
|
||||
If you say yes,
|
||||
it will step through each field showing the old value
|
||||
and asking for a new one.
|
||||
When you are done with a partition,
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fl i
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Fl u
|
||||
flags are used to indicate that the partition data is to be updated.
|
||||
Unless the
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
option is also given,
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
will display it and ask if it is correct.
|
||||
will enter a conversational mode.
|
||||
In this mode, no changes will be written to disk unless you explicitly tell
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
to.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
utility will then proceed to the next entry.
|
||||
utility will display each partition and ask whether you want to edit it.
|
||||
If you say yes,
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
will step through each field, show you the old value,
|
||||
and ask you for a new one.
|
||||
When you are done with the partition,
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
will display it and ask you whether it is correct.
|
||||
It will then proceed to the next entry.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Getting the
|
||||
.Em cyl , sector ,
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Em head
|
||||
fields correct is tricky.
|
||||
So by default,
|
||||
fields correct is tricky, so by default,
|
||||
they will be calculated for you;
|
||||
you can specify them if you choose.
|
||||
you can specify them if you choose to though.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
After all the partitions are processed,
|
||||
you are given the option to change the
|
||||
.Em active
|
||||
.Dq active
|
||||
partition.
|
||||
Finally,
|
||||
when the all the data for the first sector has been accumulated,
|
||||
you are asked if you really want to rewrite sector 0.
|
||||
Only if you answer yes,
|
||||
will the data be written to disk.
|
||||
Finally, when all the new data for sector 0 has been accumulated,
|
||||
you are asked to confirm whether you really want to rewrite it.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The difference between the
|
||||
.Fl u
|
||||
flag and
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Fl i
|
||||
flag is that
|
||||
flags is that
|
||||
the
|
||||
.Fl u
|
||||
flag just edits the fields as they appear on the disk.
|
||||
While the
|
||||
flag edits (updates) the existing partition parameters
|
||||
while the
|
||||
.Fl i
|
||||
flag is used to "initialize" sector 0;
|
||||
flag is used to
|
||||
.Dq initialize
|
||||
them (old values will be ignored);
|
||||
it will setup the last BIOS partition to use the whole disk for
|
||||
.Fx ;
|
||||
and make it active.
|
||||
.Sh NOTES
|
||||
The automatic calculation of starting cylinder etc.\& uses
|
||||
a set of figures that represent what the BIOS thinks is the
|
||||
geometry of the drive.
|
||||
These figures are by default taken from the incore disklabel,
|
||||
but the program initially gives you an opportunity to change them.
|
||||
This allows the user to create a bootblock that can work with drives
|
||||
a set of figures that represent what the BIOS thinks the
|
||||
geometry of the drive is.
|
||||
These figures are taken from the in-core disklabel by default,
|
||||
but
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
initially gives you an opportunity to change them.
|
||||
This allows you to create a bootblock that can work with drives
|
||||
that use geometry translation under the BIOS.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
If you hand craft your disk layout,
|
||||
please make sure that the
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
partition starts on a cylinder boundary.
|
||||
A number of decisions made later may assume this.
|
||||
(This might not be necessary later.)
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Editing an existing partition will most likely cause you to
|
||||
lose all the data in that partition.
|
||||
Editing an existing partition will most likely result in the loss of
|
||||
all data in that partition.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
You should run this program interactively once or twice to see how it
|
||||
works.
|
||||
You should run
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
interactively once or twice to see how it works.
|
||||
This is completely safe as long as you answer the last question
|
||||
in the negative.
|
||||
There are subtleties that the program detects that are
|
||||
not fully explained in this manual page.
|
||||
There are subtleties that
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
detects that are not fully explained in this manual page.
|
||||
.Sh CONFIGURATION FILE
|
||||
When the
|
||||
.Fl f
|
||||
option is given, a disk's partition table can be written using values
|
||||
from a
|
||||
.Ar configfile .
|
||||
The syntax of this file is very simple.
|
||||
Each line is either a comment or
|
||||
a specification, and whitespace (except for newlines) are ignored:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
||||
.It Xo
|
||||
The syntax of this file is very simple;
|
||||
each line is either a comment or a specification, as follows:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width indent
|
||||
.It Ic # Ar comment ...
|
||||
Lines beginning with a
|
||||
.Ic #
|
||||
.Ar comment ...
|
||||
.Xc
|
||||
Lines beginning with a "#" are comments and are ignored.
|
||||
.It Xo
|
||||
.Ic g
|
||||
.Ar spec1
|
||||
.Ar spec2
|
||||
.Ar spec3
|
||||
.Xc
|
||||
Set the BIOS geometry used in partition calculations.
|
||||
are comments and are ignored.
|
||||
.It Ic g Ar spec1 spec2 spec3
|
||||
Set the BIOS geometry used in slice calculations.
|
||||
There must be
|
||||
three values specified, with a letter preceding each number:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
||||
.Sm off
|
||||
.It Cm c Ar num
|
||||
.Sm on
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width indent
|
||||
.It Cm c Ns Ar num
|
||||
Set the number of cylinders to
|
||||
.Ar num .
|
||||
.Sm off
|
||||
.It Cm h Ar num
|
||||
.Sm on
|
||||
.It Cm h Ns Ar num
|
||||
Set the number of heads to
|
||||
.Ar num .
|
||||
.Sm off
|
||||
.It Cm s Ar num
|
||||
.Sm on
|
||||
.It Cm s Ns Ar num
|
||||
Set the number of sectors/track to
|
||||
.Ar num .
|
||||
.El
|
||||
@ -368,10 +358,12 @@ It is an error if the following is not true:
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The number of cylinders should be less than or equal to 1024, but this
|
||||
is not enforced, although a warning will be output.
|
||||
is not enforced, although a warning will be printed.
|
||||
Note that bootable
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
partitions (the "/" file system) must lie completely within the
|
||||
partitions (the
|
||||
.Dq Pa /
|
||||
file system) must lie completely within the
|
||||
first 1024 cylinders; if this is not true, booting may fail.
|
||||
Non-bootable partitions do not have this restriction.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
@ -382,16 +374,10 @@ g c1019 h39 s63
|
||||
g h39 c1019 s63
|
||||
g s63 h39 c1019
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.It Xo
|
||||
.Ic p
|
||||
.Ar partition
|
||||
.Ar type
|
||||
.Ar start
|
||||
.Ar length
|
||||
.Xc
|
||||
.It Ic p Ar partition type start length
|
||||
Set the partition given by
|
||||
.Ar partition
|
||||
(1-4) to type
|
||||
(1-8) to type
|
||||
.Ar type ,
|
||||
starting at sector
|
||||
.Ar start
|
||||
@ -400,14 +386,20 @@ for
|
||||
sectors.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Only those partitions explicitly mentioned by these lines are modified;
|
||||
any partition not referenced by a "p" line will not be modified.
|
||||
any partition not referenced by a
|
||||
.Ic p
|
||||
line will not be modified.
|
||||
However, if an invalid partition table is present, or the
|
||||
.Fl i
|
||||
option is specified, all existing partition entries will be cleared
|
||||
(marked as unused), and these "p" lines will have to be used to
|
||||
(marked as unused), and these
|
||||
.Ic p
|
||||
lines will have to be used to
|
||||
explicitly set partition information.
|
||||
If multiple partitions need to be
|
||||
set, multiple "p" lines must be specified; one for each partition.
|
||||
set, multiple
|
||||
.Ic p
|
||||
lines must be specified; one for each partition.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
These partition lines must occur after any geometry specification lines,
|
||||
if one is present.
|
||||
@ -419,7 +411,9 @@ is 165 for
|
||||
partitions.
|
||||
Specifying a partition type of zero is
|
||||
the same as clearing the partition and marking it as unused; however,
|
||||
dummy values (such as "0") must still be specified for
|
||||
dummy values (such as
|
||||
.Dq 0 )
|
||||
must still be specified for
|
||||
.Ar start
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Ar length .
|
||||
@ -429,22 +423,17 @@ necessary, and the end offset will be rounded downwards to a cylinder
|
||||
boundary if necessary.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Example: to clear partition 4 and mark it as unused:
|
||||
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
||||
p 4 0 0 0
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Dl "p 4 0 0 0"
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Example: to set partition 1 to a
|
||||
.Fx
|
||||
partition, starting at sector 1
|
||||
for 2503871 sectors (note: these numbers will be rounded upwards and
|
||||
downwards to correspond to head and cylinder boundaries):
|
||||
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
||||
p 1 165 1 2503871
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.It Xo
|
||||
.Ic a
|
||||
.Ar partition
|
||||
.Xc
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Dl "p 1 165 1 2503871"
|
||||
.It Ic a Ar partition
|
||||
Make
|
||||
.Ar partition
|
||||
the active partition.
|
||||
@ -452,9 +441,8 @@ Can occur anywhere in the config file, but only
|
||||
one must be present.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Example: to make partition 1 the active partition:
|
||||
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
||||
a 1
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Dl "a 1"
|
||||
.El
|
||||
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
||||
.Xr boot98cfg 8 ,
|
||||
@ -462,15 +450,11 @@ a 1
|
||||
.Xr newfs 8
|
||||
.Sh BUGS
|
||||
The default boot code will not necessarily handle all partition types
|
||||
correctly, in particular those introduced since MS-DOS 6.x.
|
||||
correctly, in particular those introduced since
|
||||
.Tn MS-DOS
|
||||
6.x.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The entire program should be made more user-friendly.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Throughout this man page, the term
|
||||
.Sq partition
|
||||
is used where it should actually be
|
||||
.Sq slice ,
|
||||
in order to conform with the terms used elsewhere.
|
||||
The entire utility should be made more user-friendly.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
You cannot use this command to completely dedicate a disk to
|
||||
.Fx .
|
||||
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user