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Document UFS and FFS options and features.

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Obtained from:	TrustedBSD Project
Sponsored by:	DARPA, NAI Labs
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Chris Costello 2001-12-27 03:05:44 +00:00
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commit abd9fb4454
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2
share/man/man4/Makefile
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@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ MAN= aac.4 \
faith.4 \
fd.4 \
fdc.4 \
ffs.4 \
fpa.4 \
fxp.4 \
gif.4 \
@ -173,6 +174,7 @@ MAN= aac.4 \
txp.4 \
udbp.4 \
udp.4 \
ufs.4 \
ugen.4 \
uhci.4 \
ukbd.4 \

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.\" Copyright (c) 2001 Networks Associates Technologies, Inc.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Chris
.\" Costello at Safeport Network Services and NAI Labs, the Security
.\" Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR
.\" contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS
.\" research program.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
.\" products derived from this software without specific prior written
.\" permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.Dd December 26, 2001
.Dt FFS 4
.Sh NAME
.Nm ffs
.Nd Berkeley fast file system
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Cd options FFS
.Cd options SOFTUPDATES
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The Berkeley fast file system
provides facilities to store file system data onto a disk device.
.Nm FFS
has been optimized over the years
for speed and reliability
and is the basis for the
.Xr ufs 4
file system.
.Pp
The
.Dv SOFTUPDATES
option is used to enable soft updates.
The soft updates feature tracks writes to the disk
and enforces metadata update dependancies
(e.g. updating free block maps)
to ensure that the file system remains consistent.
To enable this feature,
add the following to your kernel configuration file:
.Pp
.Dl Cd options SOFTUPDATES
.Pp
To enable soft updates on an
.Em unmounted
file system, use the following command:
.Pp
.Dl Ic tunefs -n enable Sy /foo
.Pp
.Dq Sy foo
can be either a mount point
(e.g.
.Pa /usr ) ,
or a disk device
(e.g.
.Pa /dev/da0s1a ) .
.Pp
The following
.Xr sysctl 8
MIBs are defined for use with
.Nm FFS :
.Bl -hang -width "vfs.ffs.doreallocblk"
.It Em vfs.ffs.doasyncfree
Asynchronously write out modified inode and indirect blocks
upon reallocating file system blocks to be contiguous.
(Default: 1.)
.It Em vfs.ffs.doreallocblks
Enable support for the rearrangement of blocks
to be contiguous.
(Default: 1.)
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ufs 4 ,
.Xr tunefs 8
.Rs
.%A M. McKusick
.%A W. Joy
.%A S. Lefler
.%A R. Fabry
.%D August 1984
.%T "A Fast File System for UNIX"
.%J "ACM Transactions on Computer Systems"
.%N 2
.%V 3
.%P 181-197
.Re
.Rs
.%A M. McKusick
.%D June 2000
.%T "Soft Updates: A Technique for Eliminating Most Synchronous Writes in the Fast Filesystem"
.%J "Proceedings of the Freenix Track at the 1999 Usenix Annual Technical Conference"
.%P 71-84
.Re

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.\" Copyright (c) 2001 Networks Associates Technologies, Inc.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Chris
.\" Costello at Safeport Network Services and NAI Labs, the Security
.\" Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR
.\" contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS
.\" research program.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
.\" products derived from this software without specific prior written
.\" permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.Dd December 26, 2001
.Dt UFS 4
.Sh NAME
.Nm ufs
.Nd UNIX file system
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Cd options ENABLE_VFS_IOOPT
.Cd options FFS
.Cd options QUOTA
.Cd options SUIDDIR
.Cd options UFS_ACL
.Cd options UFS_DIRHASH
.Cd options UFS_EXTATTR
.Cd options UFS_EXTATTR_AUTOSTART
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The UFS file system,
based on the Berkeley fast file system
(see
.Xr ffs 4 ) ,
is the default file system in the
.Fx
operating system.
UFS is an advanced file system
capable of managing large and numerous files,
and providing support for features which
provide added reliability as well as added features,
such as Soft Updates, and Extended Attributes, respectively.
The following is a more complete list of the
optional features offered by UFS,
and how to enable and use them.
.Ss VFS I/O optimization
.Bl -tag -width 2n
.It Cd options ENABLE_VFS_IOOPT
This option enables the IO optimization through the VM system,
using VM operations instead of copying operations when possible.
This option adds a sysctl MIB,
.Em vfs.ioopt .
The following are values and effects for
.Em vfs.ioopt :
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "Value" -offset indent -compact
.It Em Value
.Em Effect
.It Li 0
No optimization
.It Li 1
VM operations if a request fits
.It Li 2
Aggresive optimization (VM used as much as possible)
.El
.El
.Ss Quotas
.Bl -tag -width 2n
.It Cd options QUOTA
This option allows system administrators
to set limits on disk usage
on a per-user basis.
Quotas can be used only on file systems
mounted with the
.Sq quota
option;
see
.Xr quota 1
and
.Xr edquota 8 .
.El
.Ss File Ownership Inheritance
.Bl -tag -width 2n
.It Cd options SUIDDIR
For use in file sharing environments
on networks including Microsoft Windows
and Apple Macintosh computers,
this option allows files on file systems
mounted with the
.Sq suiddir
option
to inherit the ownership of its directory,
i.e.
.Dq "If it's my directory, it must be my file."
.El
.Ss Access Control Lists
.Bl -tag -width 2n
.It Cd options UFS_ACL
Access control lists allow the association of
fine-grained descretionary access control information
with files and directories.
This option requires the presence of the
.Dv UFS_EXTATTR
option, and it is recommended that
.Dv UFS_EXTATTR_AUTOSTART
is included as well,
so that ACLs are enabled atomically upon mounting the file system.
.El
.Ss Directory Hashing
.Bl -tag -width 2n
.It Cd options UFS_DIRHASH
Implements a hash-based lookup scheme for UFS directories
in order to speed up accesses to very large directories.
.El
.Ss Extended Attributes
.Bl -tag -width 2n
.It Cd options UFS_EXTATTR
Extended attributes allow the association of
additional arbitrary metadata with files and directories,
which can be assigned and retrieved from userland
as well as from within the kernel; see
.Xr extattrctl 8 .
.It Cd options UFS_EXTATTR_AUTOSTART
If this option is defined,
.Nm UFS
will search for a
.Dq Pa .attribute
subdirectory of the file system root during the mount operation.
If found, extended attribute support will be
automatically started for that file system.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr quota 1 ,
.Xr acl 3 ,
.Xr extattr 3 ,
.Xr ffs 4 ,
.Xr edquota 8 ,
.Xr extattrctl 8 ,
.Xr sysctl 8