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Remove single-space hard sentence breaks. These degrade the quality

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of the typeset output, tend to make diffs harder to read and provide
bad examples for new-comers to mdoc.
This commit is contained in:
sheldonh 2000-03-01 14:50:24 +00:00
parent 46cac19efd
commit b45b9e3cde
69 changed files with 828 additions and 414 deletions
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3
share/man/man3/fpgetround.3
View File

@ -107,7 +107,8 @@
.Fn fpresetsticky "fp_except_t sticky"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
When a floating point exception is detected, the exception sticky flag is
set and the exception mask is tested. If the mask is set, then a trap
set and the exception mask is tested.
If the mask is set, then a trap
occurs. These routines allow both setting the floating point exception
masks, and resetting the exception sticky flags after an exception is
detected. In addition, they allow setting the floating point rounding mode

3
share/man/man3/pthread.3
View File

@ -40,7 +40,8 @@
POSIX threads are a set of functions that support applications with
requirements for multiple flows of control, called
.Fa threads ,
within a process. Multithreading is used to improve the performance of a
within a process.
Multithreading is used to improve the performance of a
program.
.Pp
The POSIX thread functions are summarized in this section in the following

24
share/man/man4/an.4
View File

@ -44,9 +44,12 @@ Aironet Communications 4500/4800 wireless network adapter driver
The
.Nm
driver provides support for Aironet Communications 4500 and 4800
wireless network adapters. This includes the ISA, PCI and PCMCIA
varieties. The 4500 series adapters operate at 1 and 2Mbps while
the 4800 series can operate at 1, 2, 5.5 and 11Mbps. The ISA, PCI
wireless network adapters.
This includes the ISA, PCI and PCMCIA
varieties.
The 4500 series adapters operate at 1 and 2Mbps while
the 4800 series can operate at 1, 2, 5.5 and 11Mbps.
The ISA, PCI
and PCMCIA devices are all based on the same core PCMCIA modules
and all have the same programming interface, however unlike the
Lucent WaveLAN/IEEE cards, the ISA and PCI cards appear to the
@ -56,23 +59,27 @@ support.
The PCMCIA Aironet cards require pccard support, including the
kernel pccard driver support and the
.Xr pccardd 8
daemon. ISA cards can either be configured to use ISA Plug and Play
daemon.
ISA cards can either be configured to use ISA Plug and Play
or to use a particular I/O address and IRQ
by properly setting the DIP switches on the board. (The default
switch setting is for plug and play.) The
.Nm
driver has Plug and Play support and will work in either configuration,
however when using a hard-wired I/O address and IRQ, the driver
configuration and the NIC's switch settings must agree. PCI cards
configuration and the NIC's switch settings must agree.
PCI cards
require no switch settings of any kind and will be automatically
probed and attached.
.Pp
All host/device interaction with the Aironet cards is via programmed I/O.
The Aironet devices support 802.11 and 802.3 frames, power management,
BSS (infrastructure) and IBSS (ad-hoc) operation modes. The
BSS (infrastructure) and IBSS (ad-hoc) operation modes.
The
.Nm
driver encapsulates all IP and ARP traffic as 802.11 frames, however
it can receive either 802.11 or 802.3 frames. Transmit speed is
it can receive either 802.11 or 802.3 frames.
Transmit speed is
selectable between 1Mbps, 2Mbps, 5.5Mbps, 11Mbps or
"auto" (the NIC automatically chooses the best speed).
.Pp
@ -81,7 +88,8 @@ By default, the
driver configures the Aironet card for ad-hoc operation with an SSID
of "ANY." In this mode,
stations can communicate among each other without the aid of an access
point. To join a service set, the driver must be set for BSS mode using
point.
To join a service set, the driver must be set for BSS mode using
the
.Xr ancontrol 8
utility.

6
share/man/man4/atkbdc.4
View File

@ -76,8 +76,10 @@ wait before eventually giving up -- the driver will wait
.Fa X
*
.Fa Y
msecs at most. If the drivers seem unable to detect
devices, you may want to increase these values. The default values are
msecs at most.
If the drivers seem unable to detect
devices, you may want to increase these values.
The default values are
200 msec for
.Fa X
and 5

24
share/man/man4/aue.4
View File

@ -53,13 +53,16 @@ SMC 2202USB.
.Pp
The Pegasus contains a 10/100
ethernet MAC with MII interface and is designed to work with both
ethernet and HomePNA transceivers. Although designed to interface with
ethernet and HomePNA transceivers.
Although designed to interface with
100Mbps peripherals, the existing USB standard specifies a maximum
transfer speed of 12Mbps. Users should therefore not expect to actually
transfer speed of 12Mbps.
Users should therefore not expect to actually
achieve 100Mbps speeds with these devices.
.Pp
The Pegasus supports a 64-bit multicast hash table, single perfect
filter entry for the station address and promiscuous mode. Packets are
filter entry for the station address and promiscuous mode.
Packets are
received and transmitted over separate USB bulk transfer endpoints.
.Pp
The
@ -74,21 +77,25 @@ the autoselected mode by adding media options to the
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
file.
.It 10baseT/UTP
Set 10Mbps operation. The
Set 10Mbps operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to enable
.Ar full-duplex
operation. Not specifying
operation.
Not specifying
.Ar full duplex
implies
.Ar half-duplex
mode.
.It 100baseTX
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation. The
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to enable
.Ar full-duplex
operation. Not specifying
operation.
Not specifying
.Ar full duplex
implies
.Ar half-duplex
@ -101,7 +108,8 @@ driver supports the following media options:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
.It full-duplex
Force full duplex operation. The interface will operate in
Force full duplex operation.
The interface will operate in
half duplex mode if this media option is not specified.
.El
.Pp

12
share/man/man4/bridge.4
View File

@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
.Nd Bridging support
.Sh DESCRIPTION
Starting from version 2.2.8, FreeBSD supports bridging on ethernet-type
interfaces. This is achieved using the following option
interfaces.
This is achieved using the following option
.Bd -literal
options BRIDGE
.Ed
@ -28,10 +29,12 @@ Set to 1 to enable bridging, set to 0 to disable it
Set to 1 to enable
.Nm ipfw
filtering on bridged packets. Note that
filtering on bridged packets.
Note that
.Nm ipfw
rules only apply
to IP packets. Non-IP packets are subject to the default
to IP packets.
Non-IP packets are subject to the default
.Nm ipfw
rule
.Pq number 65535
@ -45,7 +48,8 @@ bridge.
.Pp
Care must be taken not to construct loops in the bridge topology.
The kernel supports only a primitive form of loop detection, by disabling
some interfaces when a loop is detected. No support for a daemon running the
some interfaces when a loop is detected.
No support for a daemon running the
spanning tree algorithm is currently provided.
.Pp
With bridging active, interfaces are in promiscuous mode,

9
share/man/man4/cd.4
View File

@ -61,7 +61,8 @@ As the
.Tn SCSI
adapter is probed during boot, the
.Tn SCSI
bus is scanned for devices. Any devices found which answer as CDROM
bus is scanned for devices.
Any devices found which answer as CDROM
(type 5) or WORM (type 4) type devices will be `attached' to the
.Nm
driver.
@ -370,11 +371,13 @@ The audio code in the
.Nm
driver only support
.Tn SCSI-2
standard audio commands. Because many
standard audio commands.
Because many
.Tn CD-ROM
manufacturers have not followed the standard, there are many
.Tn CD-ROM
drives for which audio will not work. Some work is planned to support
drives for which audio will not work.
Some work is planned to support
some of the more common `broken'
.Tn CD-ROM
drives; however, this is not yet under way.

9
share/man/man4/ch.4
View File

@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ The
.Xr ch
driver provides support for a
.Em SCSI
media changer. It allows many slots of media to be multiplexed between
media changer.
It allows many slots of media to be multiplexed between
a number of drives. The changer device may optionally be equipped
with a bar code reader, which reads label informationen attached to
the media.
@ -48,7 +49,8 @@ before a SCSI changer can be configured.
.Pp
As the SCSI adapter is probed during boot, the
.Em SCSI
bus is scanned for devices. Any devices found which answer as 'Changer'
bus is scanned for devices.
Any devices found which answer as 'Changer'
type devices will be 'attached' to the
.Nm
driver.
@ -91,7 +93,8 @@ Data transfer element (drive).
.Pp
The following
.Xr ioctl 2
calls apply to the changer. They are defined
calls apply to the changer.
They are defined
in the header file
.Aq Pa sys/chio.h .
.Pp

3
share/man/man4/csa.4
View File

@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ Crystal Semiconductor CS428x Audio Controller
.El
.Pp
Some onboard CS4610 chips accompany with not CS4297 AC97
codec but CS423x ISA codec. Such the configuration is not
codec but CS423x ISA codec.
Such the configuration is not
sypported by
.Nm
yet.

3
share/man/man4/cue.4
View File

@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ Access Technology Corporation's USB-EL1210A chipset, including the
CATC Netmate and Netmate II, and the Belkin F5U111.
.Pp
The USB-EL1210A supports a 512-bit multicast hash filter, single perfect
filter entry for the station address and promiscuous mode. Packets are
filter entry for the station address and promiscuous mode.
Packets are
received and transmitted over separate USB bulk transfer endpoints.
.Pp
The CATC adapter supports only 10mbps half-duplex mode, hence there

9
share/man/man4/da.4
View File

@ -164,13 +164,15 @@ drives incorporate their own bad-block mapping so this command is not
implemented.
.It Dv DIOCGDINFO
Read, from the kernel, the in-core copy of the disklabel for the
drive. This may be a fictitious disklabel if the drive has never
drive.
This may be a fictitious disklabel if the drive has never
been initialized, in which case it will contain information read
from the
.Tn SCSI
inquiry commands.
.It Dv DIOCSDINFO
Give the driver a new disklabel to use. The driver
Give the driver a new disklabel to use.
The driver
.Em will not
write the new
disklabel to the disk.
@ -178,7 +180,8 @@ disklabel to the disk.
Enable or disable the driver's software
write protect of the disklabel on the disk.
.It Dv DIOCWDINFO
Give the driver a new disklabel to use. The driver
Give the driver a new disklabel to use.
The driver
.Em will
write the new disklabel to the disk.
.El

96
share/man/man4/dc.4
View File

@ -64,28 +64,36 @@ Lite-On/Macronix 82c115 PNIC II
.El
.Pp
All of these chips have the same general register layout, DMA
descriptor format and method of operation. All of the clone chips
are based on the 21143 design with various modifications. The
descriptor format and method of operation.
All of the clone chips
are based on the 21143 design with various modifications.
The
21143 itself has support for 10baseT, BNC, AUI, MII and symbol
media attachments, 10 and 100Mbps speeds in full or half duplex,
built in NWAY autonegotiation and wake on LAN. The 21143 also
built in NWAY autonegotiation and wake on LAN.
The 21143 also
offers several receive filter programming options including
perfect filtering, inverse perfect filtering and hash table
filtering.
.Pp
Some clone chips duplicate the 21143 fairly closely while others
only maintain superficial simularities. Some support only MII
media attachments. Others use different receiver filter programming
mechanisms. At least one supports only chained DMA descriptors
only maintain superficial simularities.
Some support only MII
media attachments.
Others use different receiver filter programming
mechanisms.
At least one supports only chained DMA descriptors
(most support both chained descriptors and contiguously allocated
fixed size rings). Some chips (especially the PNIC) also have
peculiar bugs. The
peculiar bugs.
The
.Nm
driver does its best to provide generalized support for all
of these chipsets in order to keep special case code to a minimun.
.Pp
These chips are used by many vendors which makes it
difficult provide a complete list of all supported cards. The
difficult provide a complete list of all supported cards.
The
following NICs are known to work with the
.Nm
driver at this time:
@ -146,24 +154,29 @@ Note: the built-in NWAY autonegotiation on the original PNIC 82c168
chip is horribly broken and is not supported by the
.Nm
driver at this time: the chip will operate in any speed or duplex
mode, however these must be set manually. The original 82c168 appears
mode, however these must be set manually.
The original 82c168 appears
on very early revisions of the LinkSys LNE100TX and Matrox FastNIC.
.It 10baseT/UTP
Set 10Mbps operation. The
Set 10Mbps operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to enable
.Ar full-duplex
operation. Not specifying
operation.
Not specifying
.Ar full duplex
implies
.Ar half-duplex
mode.
.It 100baseTX
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation. The
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to enable
.Ar full-duplex
operation. Not specifying
operation.
Not specifying
.Ar full duplex
implies
.Ar half-duplex
@ -176,7 +189,8 @@ driver supports the following media options:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
.It full-duplex
Force full duplex operation. The interface will operate in
Force full duplex operation.
The interface will operate in
half duplex mode if this media option is not specified.
.El
.Pp
@ -193,40 +207,49 @@ A fatal initialization error has occurred.
.It "dc%d: watchdog timeout"
A packet was queued for transmission and a transmit command was
issued, however the device failed to acknowledge the transmission
before a timeout expired. This can happen if the device is unable
before a timeout expired.
This can happen if the device is unable
to deliver interrupts for some reason, of if there is a problem with
the network connection (cable).
.It "dc%d: no memory for rx list"
The driver failed to allocate an mbuf for the receiver ring.
.It "dc%d: TX underrun -- increasing TX threshold"
The device generated a transmit underrun error while attempting to
DMA and transmit a packet. This happens if the host is not able to
DMA the packet data into the NIC's FIFO fast enough. The driver
DMA and transmit a packet.
This happens if the host is not able to
DMA the packet data into the NIC's FIFO fast enough.
The driver
will dynamically increase the transmit start threshold so that
more data must be DMAed into the FIFO before the NIC will start
transmitting it onto the wire.
.It "dc%d: TX underrun -- using store and forward mode"
The device continued to generate transmit underruns even after all
possible transmit start threshold settings had been tried, so the
driver programmed the chip for store and forward mode. In this mode,
driver programmed the chip for store and forward mode.
In this mode,
the NIC will not begin transmission until the entire packet has been
transfered into its FIFO memory.
.It "dc%d: chip is in D3 power state -- setting to D0"
This message applies only to adapters which support power
management. Some operating systems place the controller in low power
management.
Some operating systems place the controller in low power
mode when shutting down, and some PCI BIOSes fail to bring the chip
out of this state before configuring it. The controller loses all of
out of this state before configuring it.
The controller loses all of
its PCI configuration in the D3 state, so if the BIOS does not set
it back to full power mode in time, it won't be able to configure it
correctly. The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
correctly.
The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
the adapter back to the D0 (full power) state, but this may not be
enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition. If
enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition.
If
you see this message at boot time and the driver fails to attach
the device as a network interface, you will have to perform second
warm boot to have the device properly configured.
.Pp
Note that this condition only occurs when warm booting from another
operating system. If you power down your system prior to booting
operating system.
If you power down your system prior to booting
.Fx ,
the card should be configured correctly.
.El
@ -272,13 +295,16 @@ driver was written by
.Sh BUGS
The Macronix application notes claim that in order to put the
chips in normal operation, the driver must write a certian magic
number into the CSR16 register. The numbers are documented in
number into the CSR16 register.
The numbers are documented in
the app notes, but the exact meaning of the bits is not.
.Pp
The 98713A seems to have a problem with 10Mbps full duplex mode.
The transmitter works but the receiver tends to produce many
unexplained errors leading to very poor overall performance. The
98715A does not exhibit this problem. All other modes on the
unexplained errors leading to very poor overall performance.
The
98715A does not exhibit this problem.
All other modes on the
98713A seem to work correctly.
.Pp
The original 82c168 PNIC chip has built in NWAY support which is
@ -293,7 +319,8 @@ autonegotiation and work correctly.)
The
.Nm
driver programs 82c168 and 82c169 PNIC chips to use the store and
forward setting for the transmit start threshold by default. This
forward setting for the transmit start threshold by default.
This
is to work around problems with some NIC/PCI bus combinations where
the PNIC can transmit corrupt frames when operating at 100Mbps,
probably due to PCI DMA burst transfer errors.
@ -301,16 +328,19 @@ probably due to PCI DMA burst transfer errors.
The 82c168 and 82c169 PNIC chips also have a receiver bug that
sometimes manifests during periods of heavy receive and transmit
activity, where the chip will improperly DMA received frames to
the host. The chips appear to upload several kilobytes of garbage
the host.
The chips appear to upload several kilobytes of garbage
data along with the received frame data, dirtying several RX buffers
instead of just the expected one. The
instead of just the expected one.
The
.Nm
driver detects this condition and will salvage the frame, however
it incurs a serious performance penalty in the process.
.Pp
The PNIC chips also sometimes generate a transmit underrun error when
the driver attempts to download the receiver filter setup frame, which
can result in the receive filter being incorrectly programmed. The
can result in the receive filter being incorrectly programmed.
The
.Nm
driver will watch for this condition and requeue the setup frame until
it is transfered successfully.
@ -318,11 +348,13 @@ it is transfered successfully.
The ADMtek AL981 chip (and possibly the AN985 as well) has been observed
to sometimes wedge on transmit: this appears to happen when the driver
queues a sequence of frames which cause it to wrap from the end of the
the transmit descriptor ring back to the beginning. The
the transmit descriptor ring back to the beginning.
The
.Nm
driver attempts to avoid this condition by not queing any frames past
the end of the transmit ring during a single invocation of the
.Fn dc_start
routine. This workaround has a negligible impact on transmit performance.
routine.
This workaround has a negligible impact on transmit performance.

18
share/man/man4/divert.4
View File

@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ can be bound to a specific
.Nm
port via the
.Xr bind 2
system call. The IP address in the bind is ignored; only the port
system call.
The IP address in the bind is ignored; only the port
number is significant.
A divert socket bound to a divert port will receive all packets diverted
to that port by some (here unspecified) kernel mechanism(s).
@ -29,7 +30,8 @@ re-enter kernel IP packet processing.
Divert sockets are normally used in conjunction with
FreeBSD's packet filtering implementation and the
.Xr ipfw 8
program. By reading from and writing to a divert socket, matching packets
program.
By reading from and writing to a divert socket, matching packets
can be passed through an arbitrary ``filter'' as they travel through
the host machine, special routing tricks can be done, etc.
.Sh READING PACKETS
@ -71,7 +73,8 @@ incoming and full packet routing is done.
In the latter case, the
IP address specified must match the address of some local interface,
or an interface name
must be found after the IP address. If an interface name is found,
must be found after the IP address.
If an interface name is found,
that interface will be used and the value of the IP address will be
ignored (other than the fact that it is not
.Dv INADDR_ANY
@ -88,7 +91,8 @@ simplifies things (see below).
.Pp
The port part of the socket address passed to the
.Xr sendto 2
contains a tag that should be meaningful to the diversion module. In the
contains a tag that should be meaningful to the diversion module.
In the
case of
.Xr Ipfw 8
the tag is interpretted as the rule number
@ -155,9 +159,11 @@ could be cleaner, and it's too dependent on
.Xr ipfw 8 .
.Pp
It's questionable whether incoming fragments should be reassembled
before being diverted. For example, if only some fragments of a
before being diverted.
For example, if only some fragments of a
packet destined for another machine don't get routed through the
local machine, the packet is lost. This should probably be
local machine, the packet is lost.
This should probably be
a settable socket option in any case.
.Sh AUTHORS
.An Archie Cobbs Aq archie@whistle.com ,

18
share/man/man4/dummynet.4
View File

@ -30,7 +30,8 @@ A dummynet
is characterized by a bandwidth, delay, queue size, and loss
rate, which can be configured with the
.Nm ipfw
program. Pipes are
program.
Pipes are
numbered from 1 to 65534, and packets can be passed through multiple
pipes depending on the ipfw configuration.
.Pp
@ -85,7 +86,8 @@ the ``pipe'' describing such limitations.
.Pp
Selected packets are first queued in a bounded size queue, from which
they are extracted at the programmed rate and passed to a second queue
where delay is simulated. At the output from the second queue packets
where delay is simulated.
At the output from the second queue packets
are reinjected into the protocol stack at the same point they came
from (i.e. ip_input(), ip_output(), bdg_forward() ).
Depending on the setting of the sysctl variable
@ -96,7 +98,8 @@ destination, or passed again through the
rules, starting from the one after the matching rule.
.Pp
.Nm dummynet
performs its task once per timer tick. The granularity of operation is
performs its task once per timer tick.
The granularity of operation is
thus controlled by the kernel option
.Bd -literal
options HZ
@ -104,9 +107,11 @@ thus controlled by the kernel option
whose default value (100) means a granularity of 10ms.
For an accurate simulation of high data rates it might be necessary to
reduce the timer granularity to 1ms or less. Consider, however,
reduce the timer granularity to 1ms or less.
Consider, however,
that some interfaces using programmed I/O may require a considerable
time to output packets. So, reducing the granularity too much might
time to output packets.
So, reducing the granularity too much might
actually cause ticks to be missed thus reducing the accuracy of
operation.
@ -177,6 +182,7 @@ dummynet.
dummynet
was initially implemented as a testing tool for TCP congestion control
by Luigi Rizzo <luigi@iet.unipi.it>, as described on ACM Computer
Communication Review, Jan.97 issue. Later it has been then modified
Communication Review, Jan.97 issue.
Later it has been then modified
to work at the ip and bridging level, and integrated with the IPFW
packet filter.

9
share/man/man4/fdc.4
View File

@ -39,13 +39,16 @@ PC architecture floppy disk controller driver
.Cd device fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
.Sh DESCRIPTION
This driver provides access to floppy disk drives and QIC40/80 tapedrives.
In /dev for each floppy device a number of minor devices are present. The
In /dev for each floppy device a number of minor devices are present.
The
/dev/fd* devices with trailing alphabetic characters are used to indicate
.Sq partitions
on the floppy disk. The /dev/fd*.<number> are devices that
on the floppy disk.
The /dev/fd*.<number> are devices that
indicate the size of the floppy disk (so: 720kB, 1440kB etc). The latter
are used for formatting disks using fdformat or for accessing different
density disks in multidensity drive. Example: 720kB disk in a 1.44Mb drive.
density disks in multidensity drive.
Example: 720kB disk in a 1.44Mb drive.
.Pp
Normally, the driver will ask the system's CMOS memory to obtain the
floppy drive configuration. Some machines do not store any form of a

3
share/man/man4/gusc.4
View File

@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ Gravis UltraSound PnP
Gravis UltraSound MAX
.El
.Pp
The value of flags specifies the secondary DMA channel. If the secondary
The value of flags specifies the secondary DMA channel.
If the secondary
DMA channel is C, set the flags to (C | 0x10). For a sound card without the
secondary DMA channel, the flags should be set to zero.
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS

3
share/man/man4/iic.4
View File

@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ The
.Em iic
character device driver provides generic i/o to any
.Xr iicbus 4
instance. In order to control I2C devices, use /dev/iic? with the
instance.
In order to control I2C devices, use /dev/iic? with the
following ioctls:
.Pp
.Bl -column "Ioctls" -compact

30
share/man/man4/iicbus.4
View File

@ -45,25 +45,33 @@ system provides a uniform, modular and architecture-independent
system for the implementation of drivers to control various I2C devices
and to utilize different I2C controllers.
.Sh I2C
I2C is an acronym for Inter Integrated Circuit bus. The I2C bus was developed
in the early 1980's by Philips semiconductors. It's purpose was to provide an
I2C is an acronym for Inter Integrated Circuit bus.
The I2C bus was developed
in the early 1980's by Philips semiconductors.
It's purpose was to provide an
easy way to connect a CPU to peripheral chips in a TV-set.
.Pp
The BUS physically consists of 2 active wires and a ground connection.
The active wires, SDA and SCL, are both bidirectional. Where SDA is the
The active wires, SDA and SCL, are both bidirectional.
Where SDA is the
Serial DAta line and SCL is the Serial CLock line.
Every component hooked up to the bus has its own unique address whether it
is a CPU, LCD driver, memory, or complex function chip. Each of these chips
is a CPU, LCD driver, memory, or complex function chip.
Each of these chips
can act as a receiver and/or transmitter depending on it's functionality.
Obviously an LCD driver is only a receiver, while a memory or I/O chip can
both be transmitter and receiver. Furthermore there may be one or
both be transmitter and receiver.
Furthermore there may be one or
more BUS MASTER's.
The BUS MASTER is the chip issuing the commands on the BUS. In the I2C protocol
The BUS MASTER is the chip issuing the commands on the BUS.
In the I2C protocol
specification it is stated that the IC that initiates a data transfer on the
bus is considered the BUS MASTER. At that time all the others are regarded to
as the BUS SLAVEs. As mentioned before, the IC bus is a Multi-MASTER BUS.
bus is considered the BUS MASTER.
At that time all the others are regarded to
as the BUS SLAVEs.
As mentioned before, the IC bus is a Multi-MASTER BUS.
This means that more than one IC capable of initiating data transfer can be
connected to it.
.Sh DEVICES
@ -76,9 +84,11 @@ Some I2C device drivers are available:
.It Sy iicsmb Ta "I2C to SMB software bridge"
.El
.Sh INTERFACES
The I2C protocol may be implemented by hardware or software. Software
The I2C protocol may be implemented by hardware or software.
Software
interfaces rely on very simple hardware, usually two lines
twiddled by 2 registers. Hardware interfaces are more intelligent and receive
twiddled by 2 registers.
Hardware interfaces are more intelligent and receive
8-bit characters they write to the bus according to the I2C protocol.
I2C interfaces may act on the bus as slave devices, allowing spontaneous

3
share/man/man4/inet.4
View File

@ -230,7 +230,8 @@ It is not guaranteed that every packet will be fast-forwarded.
Boolean: enable/disable sending of ICMP redirects in response to
unforwardable
.Tn IP
packets. Defaults to on.
packets.
Defaults to on.
.It Dv IPCTL_DEFTTL
.Pq ip.ttl
Integer: default time-to-live

12
share/man/man4/intpm.4
View File

@ -42,8 +42,10 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
This driver provides access to
.Tn Intel PIIX4 PCI Controller function 3 ,
Power management controller. Currently, only smbus controller
function is implemented. But it also have bus idle monitoring function. It
Power management controller.
Currently, only smbus controller
function is implemented. But it also have bus idle monitoring function.
It
will display mapped I/O address for bus monitoring function when attaching.
.Sh SEE ALSO
@ -59,6 +61,8 @@ This
manual page was written by
.An Takanori Watanabe Aq takawata@shidahara1.planet.sci.kobe-u.ac.jp .
.Sh BUGS
This device requires IRQ 9 exclusively. To use this, you should enable
This device requires IRQ 9 exclusively.
To use this, you should enable
ACPI function in BIOS configuration, or PnP mechanism assigns conflicted
IRQ for PnP ISA card. And don't use IRQ 9 for Non-PnP ISA cards.
IRQ for PnP ISA card.
And don't use IRQ 9 for Non-PnP ISA cards.

6
share/man/man4/ip.4
View File

@ -103,7 +103,8 @@ header for
.Dv SOCK_STREAM
and
.Dv SOCK_DGRAM
sockets. For example,
sockets.
For example,
.Bd -literal
int tos = IPTOS_LOWDELAY; /* see <netinet/in.h> */
setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, &tos, sizeof(tos));
@ -137,7 +138,8 @@ cmsg_type = IP_RECVDSTADDR
.Pp
.Dv IP_PORTRANGE
may be used to set the port range used for selecting a local port number
on a socket with an unspecified (zero) port number. It has the following
on a socket with an unspecified (zero) port number.
It has the following
possible values:
.Bl -tag -width IP_PORTRANGE_DEFAULT
.It Dv IP_PORTRANGE_DEFAULT

17
share/man/man4/ipfirewall.4
View File

@ -17,13 +17,16 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
Ipfirewall (alias ipfw) is a system facility which allows filtering,
redirecting, and other operations on IP packets travelling through
system interfaces. Packets are matched by applying an ordered list
system interfaces.
Packets are matched by applying an ordered list
of pattern rules against each packet until a match is found, at
which point the corresponding action is taken. Rules are numbered
which point the corresponding action is taken.
Rules are numbered
from 1 to 65534; multiple rules may share the same number.
.Pp
There is one rule that always exists, rule number 65535. This rule
normally causes all packets to be dropped. Hence, any packet which does not
normally causes all packets to be dropped.
Hence, any packet which does not
match a lower numbered rule will be dropped. However, a kernel compile
time option
.Dq IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT
@ -43,7 +46,8 @@ IP_FW_DEL deletes all rules having the matching rule number.
IP_FW_GET returns the (first) rule having the matching rule number.
.Pp
IP_FW_ZERO zeros the statistics associated with all rules having the
matching rule number. If the rule number is zero, all rules are zeroed.
matching rule number.
If the rule number is zero, all rules are zeroed.
.Pp
IP_FW_FLUSH removes all rules (except 65535).
.Pp
@ -171,7 +175,8 @@ Options in the kernel configuration file:
When packets match a rule with the IP_FW_F_PRN bit set, a message
is logged to the console if IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE has been enabled;
IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT limits the maximum number of times each
rule can cause a log message. These variables are also
rule can cause a log message.
These variables are also
available via the
.Xr sysctl 3
interface.
@ -179,7 +184,7 @@ interface.
[EINVAL] The IP option field was improperly formed; an option
field was shorter than the minimum value or longer than
the option buffer provided. A structural error in
the option buffer provided. A structural error in
ip_fw structure occurred (n_src_p+n_dst_p too big,
ports set for ALL/ICMP protocols etc.). An invalid
rule number was used.

15
share/man/man4/isp.4
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@ -103,7 +103,8 @@ General configuration options for all adapters include:
.Cd options SCSI_ISP_PREFER_MEM_MAP
.sp
for which the option value is a bit mask of units for which you want this
option to apply. The options are, respectively, for not loading new firmware
option to apply.
The options are, respectively, for not loading new firmware
at startup, ignoring card NVRAM settings, and preferring memory mapped
versus I/O port PCI access methods.
.Pp
@ -133,14 +134,17 @@ Configuration options specific to Fibre Channel Cards are:
.Cd options SCSI_ISP_WWN
.sp
The first option is a bit mask of units for which you want to enable full
duplex mode. This typically would only make sense if fabric support is
duplex mode.
This typically would only make sense if fabric support is
enabled and you are directly connected to a switch.
The second defines whether Fibre Channel Fabric support should be enabled.
The third defines whether whether the first level SCC lun support should
be enabled- this converts the normal 16 Logical Unit support to support for
65536 Logical Units. The last option should be a string that defines an
65536 Logical Units.
The last option should be a string that defines an
overriding World Wide Node Name (WWNN) should you wish to override NVRAM
settings. It is recommended that you compile in firmware if you select
settings.
It is recommended that you compile in firmware if you select
any of these options.
.Sh BOOT OPTIONS
.Pp
@ -192,7 +196,8 @@ Simple Name Server subcommand which some switches don't handle as well
as they should.
.Pp
Sometimes, when booting, the driver gets stuck waiting for the Fibre Channel
f/w to tell it that the loop port database is ready. In this case you'll
f/w to tell it that the loop port database is ready.
In this case you'll
see an announcement that the loop state has a value of 0x1. To unwedge
the system, unplug and replug the fibre channel connection, or otherwise
cause a LIP (Loop Initialization Primitive sequence)- this will kick the f/w

39
share/man/man4/keyboard.4
View File

@ -9,11 +9,13 @@
.Nd pc keyboard interface
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The PC keyboard is used as the console character input device. The keyboard
The PC keyboard is used as the console character input device.
The keyboard
is owned by the current virtual console.
To switch between the virtual consoles use the sequence
.Ar ALT+Fn ,
which means hold down ALT and press one of the function keys. The
which means hold down ALT and press one of the function keys.
The
virtual console with the same number as the function key is then
selected as the current virtual console and given exclusive use of
the keyboard and display.
@ -22,11 +24,15 @@ The console allows entering values that are not physically
present on the keyboard via a special keysequence.
To use this facility press and hold down ALT,
then enter a decimal number from 0-255 via the numerical keypad, then
release ALT. The entered value is then used as the ASCII value for one
character. This way it is possible to enter any ASCII value, not present
release ALT.
The entered value is then used as the ASCII value for one
character.
This way it is possible to enter any ASCII value, not present
on the keyboard.
The console driver also includes a history function. It is activated by
pressing the scroll-lock key. This holds the display, and enables the cursor
The console driver also includes a history function.
It is activated by
pressing the scroll-lock key.
This holds the display, and enables the cursor
arrows for scrolling up and down through the last scrolled out lines.
The keyboard is configurable to suit the individual user and the different
@ -44,13 +50,16 @@ The keys on the keyboard can have any of the following functions:
The keyboard is seen as a number of keys numbered from 1 to n. This
number is often referred to as the "scancode" for a given key. The number
number is often referred to as the "scancode" for a given key.
The number
of the key is transmitted as an 8 bit char with bit 7 as 0 when a key is
pressed, and the number with bit 7 as 1 when released. This makes it
pressed, and the number with bit 7 as 1 when released.
This makes it
possible to make the mapping of the keys fully configurable.
The meaning of every key is programmable via the PIO_KEYMAP ioctl call, that
takes a structure keymap_t as argument. The layout of this structure is as
takes a structure keymap_t as argument.
The layout of this structure is as
follows:
.Pp
.Bd -literal -offset indent
@ -65,10 +74,12 @@ follows:
.Ed
.Pp
The field n_keys tells the system how many keydefinitions (scancodes)
follows. Each scancode is then specified in the key_t substructure.
follows.
Each scancode is then specified in the key_t substructure.
Each scancode can be translated to any of 8 different values, depending
on the shift, control, and alt state. These eight possibilities are
on the shift, control, and alt state.
These eight possibilities are
represented by the map array, as shown below:
alt
@ -83,7 +94,8 @@ scancode 0x1E. The eight states are as shown, giving the 'A' key its
normal behavior.
The spcl field is used to give the key "special" treatment, and is
interpreted as follows.
Each bit corresponds to one of the states above. If the bit is 0 the
Each bit corresponds to one of the states above.
If the bit is 0 the
key emits the number defined in the corresponding map[] entry.
If the bit is 1 the key is "special". This means it does not emit
anything; instead it changes the "state". That means it is a shift,
@ -96,7 +108,8 @@ num-lock (2), both (3) or ignore both (0).
The
.Xr kbdcontrol 1
utility is used to load such a description into/outof
the kernel at runtime. This makes it possible to change the key
the kernel at runtime.
This makes it possible to change the key
assignments at runtime, or more important to get (GIO_KEYMAP ioctl)
the exact key meanings from the kernel (fx. used by the X server).

3
share/man/man4/kld.4
View File

@ -35,7 +35,8 @@
The LKM (Loadable Kernel Modules) facility has been deprecated in FreeBSD
3.0 and above in favor of the
.Nm
interface. This interface, like its
interface.
This interface, like its
predecessor, allows the system administrator to dynamically add and remove
functionality from a running system. This ability also helps software
developers to develop new parts of the kernel without constantly rebooting

3
share/man/man4/kue.4
View File

@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ Entrega NET-USB-E45, the ATen UC10T, the Netgear EA101, the D-Link
DSB-650 and the SMC 2102USB and 2104USB.
.Pp
The KL5KLUSB101B supports a 128-entry multicast filter, single perfect
filter entry for the station address and promiscuous mode. Packets are
filter entry for the station address and promiscuous mode.
Packets are
received and transmitted over separate USB bulk transfer endpoints.
.Pp
The Kawasaki adapter supports only 10mbps half-duplex mode, hence there

13
share/man/man4/lpt.4
View File

@ -59,8 +59,11 @@ driver is the port of the original lpt driver to the
system.
.Pp
One purpose of this port was to allow parallel port sharing with other
parallel devices. Secondly, inb()/outb() calls have been replaced by ppbus
function calls. lpt is now arch-independent thanks to the ppbus interface. See
parallel devices.
Secondly, inb()/outb() calls have been replaced by ppbus
function calls.
lpt is now arch-independent thanks to the ppbus interface.
See
.Xr ppbus 4
for more info about the ppbus system.
.Pp
@ -76,12 +79,14 @@ command.
.Pp
Depending on your hardware, extended capabilities may be configured with the
.Xr lptcontrol 8
command. With an ECP/ISA port, you can take advantage
command.
With an ECP/ISA port, you can take advantage
of FIFO and DMA.
.Pp
In order to retrieve printer info from /dev/lpt0, just apply the
.Nm cat
command to the device. If the printer supports IEEE1284 nibble mode and has
command to the device.
If the printer supports IEEE1284 nibble mode and has
data to send to the host, you'll get it.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ppbus 4 ,

3
share/man/man4/mem.4
View File

@ -134,7 +134,8 @@ int mo_arg[2];
.Pp
The
.Fa MEMRANGE_GET
ioctl is used to retrieve current memory range attributes. If
ioctl is used to retrieve current memory range attributes.
If
.Fa mo_arg[0]
is set to 0, it will be updated with the total number of memory range
descriptors. If greater than 0, the array at

39
share/man/man4/mouse.4
View File

@ -84,7 +84,8 @@ Always zero.
.It bit 2
Left button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set.
.It bit 1
Middle button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set. Always one,
Middle button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set.
Always one,
if the device does not have the middle button.
.It bit 0
Right button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set.
@ -104,21 +105,26 @@ The second half of the vertical movement count in two's complement;
-128 through 127. To obtain the full vertical movement count, add
the byte 3 and 5.
.It Byte 6
The bit 7 is always zero. The lower 7 bits encode the first half of
The bit 7 is always zero.
The lower 7 bits encode the first half of
Z axis movement count in two's complement; -64 through 63.
.It Byte 7
The bit 7 is always zero. The lower 7 bits encode the second half of
The bit 7 is always zero.
The lower 7 bits encode the second half of
the Z axis movement count in two's complement; -64 through 63.
To obtain the full Z axis movement count, add the byte 6 and 7.
.It Byte 8
The bit 7 is always zero. The bits 0 through 6 reflect the state
The bit 7 is always zero.
The bits 0 through 6 reflect the state
of the buttons 4 through 10.
If a button is pressed, the corresponding bit is cleared. Otherwise
If a button is pressed, the corresponding bit is cleared.
Otherwise
the bit is set.
.El
.Pp
The first 5 bytes of this format is compatible with the MouseSystems
format. The additional 3 bytes have their MSBs always set to zero.
format.
The additional 3 bytes have their MSBs always set to zero.
Thus, if the user program can interpret the MouseSystems data format and
tries to find the first byte of the format by detecting the bit pattern
10000xxxb,
@ -130,8 +136,10 @@ Refer to manual pages of individual drivers for details.
.Sh IOCTLS
The following
.Xr ioctl 2
commands are defined for the mouse drivers. The degree of support
varies from one driver to another. This section gives general
commands are defined for the mouse drivers.
The degree of support
varies from one driver to another.
This section gives general
description of the commands.
Refer to manual pages of individual drivers for specific details.
.Pp
@ -159,7 +167,8 @@ typedef struct mousehw {
.Pp
The
.Dv buttons
field holds the number of buttons detected by the driver. The driver
field holds the number of buttons detected by the driver.
The driver
may put an arbitrary value, such as two, in this field, if it cannot
determine the exact number.
.Pp
@ -195,7 +204,8 @@ constants.
.Pp
The
.Dv hwid
is the ID value returned by the pointing device. It
is the ID value returned by the pointing device.
It
depend on the interface type; refer to the manual page of
specific mouse drivers for possible values.
.Pp
@ -251,7 +261,8 @@ The array
holds a bit mask and pattern to detect the first byte of the
data packet.
.Dv syncmask[0]
is the bit mask to be ANDed with a byte. If the result is equal to
is the bit mask to be ANDed with a byte.
If the result is equal to
.Dv syncmask[1] ,
the byte is likely to be the first byte of the data packet.
Note that this method of detecting the first byte is not 100% reliable,
@ -267,7 +278,8 @@ Only
.Dv level
and
.Dv accelfactor
may be modifiable. Setting values in the other field does not generate
may be modifiable.
Setting values in the other field does not generate
error and has no effect.
.Pp
If you do not want to change the current setting of a field, put -1
@ -358,7 +370,8 @@ field will also be set.
.Pp
The other fields hold movement counts since the last
.Dv MOUSE_GETSTATUS
call. The internal counters will be reset after every call to this
call.
The internal counters will be reset after every call to this
command.
.El
.Sh FILES

3
share/man/man4/mtio.4
View File

@ -57,7 +57,8 @@ unmounting of a tape.
.Pp
The rewind devices automatically rewind
when the last requested read, write or seek has finished, or the end of the tape
has been reached. The letter
has been reached.
The letter
.Ql n
is usually prepended to
the name of the no-rewind devices.

3
share/man/man4/netintro.4
View File

@ -124,7 +124,8 @@ information regarding the support for each protocol family.
.Sh ADDRESSING
Associated with each protocol family is an address
format. All network address adhere to a general structure,
called a sockaddr, described below. However, each protocol
called a sockaddr, described below.
However, each protocol
imposes finer and more specific structure, generally renaming
the variant, which is discussed in the protocol family manual
page alluded to above.

3
share/man/man4/null.4
View File

@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ The
.Nm
device accepts and reads data as any ordinary (and willing)
file \-
but throws it away. The length of the
but throws it away.
The length of the
.Nm null
device is always zero.
.Sh FILES

3
share/man/man4/ohci.4
View File

@ -41,7 +41,8 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
driver provides support for OHCI-type PCI based USB controllers. This
driver provides support for OHCI-type PCI based USB controllers.
This
includes
.Bl -tag -width xxxxx
.It AcerLabs M5237 (Aladdin-V)

24
share/man/man4/pcm.4
View File

@ -40,9 +40,11 @@ For a card without bridge driver support, and a non-PnP card:
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
driver provides support for PCM audio play and capture. This driver
driver provides support for PCM audio play and capture.
This driver
also supports various PCI and WSS/MSS compatible ISA sound cards, and
AC97 mixer. True full duplex operation is available on most cards.
AC97 mixer.
True full duplex operation is available on most cards.
.Pp
If your sound card is supported by a bridge driver,
.Nm
@ -55,13 +57,16 @@ cards). Flags are set to 0 for cards not using a secondary DMA
channel, or to 0x10 + C to specify channel C.
.Pp
The driver works best with WSS/MSS cards, which have a very clean
architecture and an orthogonal set of features. They also happen to be
architecture and an orthogonal set of features.
They also happen to be
among the cheapest audio cards on the market.
.Pp
The driver does its best to recognize the installed harware and drive
it correctly, so that you don't have to give too many details in the
kernel config files. For PCI and ISA PnP cards this is actually easy
since they identify themselves. For legacy ISA cards, the driver looks
kernel config files.
For PCI and ISA PnP cards this is actually easy
since they identify themselves.
For legacy ISA cards, the driver looks
for MSS cards at addresses 0x530 and 0x604 (obviously, unless overridden
in the kernel config file by specifying an address).
@ -77,7 +82,8 @@ list of the supported ioctls.
.Sh SUPPORTED CARDS
.Pp
Below we include a list of supported codecs/cards. If your sound card
Below we include a list of supported codecs/cards.
If your sound card
is not listed here, it may be supported by a bridge driver.
.Bl -tag -width 2m % begin list
@ -88,13 +94,15 @@ This chipset is used, among others, on the A/Open AW35 and AW32, on
some Intel motherboards, and (the CS4231) on some non-PnP cards.
.Pp
The CS4232 is reported as buggy in the Voxware documentation but
I am not sure if this is true. On one of my Intel motherboards,
I am not sure if this is true.
On one of my Intel motherboards,
capture does not work simply because the capture DMA channel is
not wired to the ISA DMA controller.
.It Yamaha OPL-SAx (ISA)
.Pp
Works perfectly in all modes. This chip is used in several PnP cards,
Works perfectly in all modes.
This chip is used in several PnP cards,
but also (in non-PnP mode) on motherboards and laptops (e.g. the
Toshiba Libretto).

105
share/man/man4/pcvt.4
View File

@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ the probably most important is an emulation of a wide range
of DEC VT-220
.if t \(tm
.if n (TM)
functionality. See
functionality.
See
.Sx Features
for a detailed description.
.Pp
@ -213,23 +214,28 @@ release, you should define
The
.Nm pcvt
driver has been designed to be highly configurable in order to satisfy
everyone's needs. The preferred way for those configurations is to
everyone's needs.
The preferred way for those configurations is to
provide appropriate
.Em options
lines within the config file, possibly overriding the built-in default
values. Therefore it is possible to compile several distinct kernels
values.
Therefore it is possible to compile several distinct kernels
with different driver behaviour on a single machine.
The following list gives a short overview of the available configuration
options. Refer to the file
options.
Refer to the file
.Pa i386/isa/pcvt/pcvt_hdr.h
in the kernel source tree for detailed documentation.
Note: the following conventions apply to all the Boolean options.
If an option is given with no value, a value of 1
.Pq activated
is substituted. If an option value is given as 0, this options is
deactivated. Any other value is substituted by 1, too. If an option
is substituted.
If an option value is given as 0, this options is
deactivated. Any other value is substituted by 1, too.
If an option
is omitted, a built-in default is assumed.
.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
@ -241,7 +247,8 @@ Default: 8
.It Em PCVT_VT220KEYB
If activated, a keyboard layout resembling a DEC VT200 (TM) is generated.
If deactivated, a mixture between VT220 and HP is used. See the files
If deactivated, a mixture between VT220 and HP is used.
See the files
.Pa Keyboard.VT
and
.Pa Keyboard.HP
@ -257,7 +264,8 @@ Enables the builtin screensaver feature.
Default: on
.It Em PCVT_PRETTYSCRNS
If enabled, a blinking-star screensaver is used. If disabled, the screen
If enabled, a blinking-star screensaver is used.
If disabled, the screen
is simply blanked
.Pq which might be useful for energy-saving monitors .
.br
@ -293,7 +301,8 @@ utility.
Default: off
.It Em PCVT_EMU_MOUSE
Emulate a three-button mouse via the keypad. Useful for notebooks when
Emulate a three-button mouse via the keypad.
Useful for notebooks when
running XFree86. See
.Sx Mouse emulation
below.
@ -305,7 +314,8 @@ If enabled, a sequence composed of
.Aq Em esc ,
followed by the normal key code is emitted if a key is pressed with the
.Aq Em Alt
key modifier. If disabled, then normal key code with the value
key modifier.
If disabled, then normal key code with the value
.Em 0x80
added is sent.
.br
@ -314,7 +324,8 @@ Default: off
.El
Note that there are further options available which are mainly used for
debugging purposes or as a workaround for hardware problems. They are
debugging purposes or as a workaround for hardware problems.
They are
found in
.Pa i386/isa/pcvt/pcvt_hdr.h
along with their documentation.
@ -351,10 +362,12 @@ set current typematic value, similar to above command.
Symbolic values are available for the appropriate constants.
To specify the initial typematic delay time, they are
KBD_TPD250 for 250 ms through
KBD_TPD1000 for 1000 ms, in steps of 250 ms. The typematic repeat
KBD_TPD1000 for 1000 ms, in steps of 250 ms.
The typematic repeat
rates are
KBD_TPM300, specifying 30.0 characters per second through
KBD_TPM20 for 2.0 characters per second. The intermediate values
KBD_TPM20 for 2.0 characters per second.
The intermediate values
are: 30.0, 26.7, 24.0, 21.8, 20.0, 18.5, 17.1, 16.0, 15.0, 13.3,
12.0, 10.9, 10.0, 9.2, 8.6, 8.0, 7.5, 6.7, 6.0, 5.5, 5.0, 4.6, 4.3,
4.0, 3.7, 3.3, 3.0, 2.7, 2.5, 2.3, 2.1, 2.0 characters per second.
@ -367,7 +380,8 @@ get key repetition switch, and
set key repetition switch
.El
again take a pointer to int as argument. They manipulate the
again take a pointer to int as argument.
They manipulate the
drivers internal keyboard repetition flag, possible values are:
KBD_REPEATOFF or KBD_REPEATON.
@ -411,9 +425,11 @@ set new key assignment values, and
get original key assignment values
.El
arrange those functions. The take a pointer to a
arrange those functions.
The take a pointer to a
.Em struct kbd_ovlkey
as argument as described below. In addition,
as argument as described below.
In addition,
.Bl -tag -width 20n -offset indent -compact
.It KBDRMKEY
@ -493,23 +509,28 @@ key is bound to a function.
The mouse emulator
.Pq if configured in
fakes a three-button mouse using the Mouse Systems protocol. The first
fakes a three-button mouse using the Mouse Systems protocol.
The first
.Nm pcvt
device node not used by a virtual screen is the mouse device. I.\& e.,
device node not used by a virtual screen is the mouse device.
I.\& e.,
for the default value of 8 virtual screens,
.Pa /dev/ttyv0
through
.Pa /dev/ttyv7
would refer to the virtual screens, and
.Pa /dev/ttyv8
were the mouse emulator device. The mouse emulation is turned on by
were the mouse emulator device.
The mouse emulation is turned on by
pressing the
.Aq Em NumLock
key. The pointer is moved by the numerical keypad keys, into the
obvious directions. The pointer is initially moved in single steps,
obvious directions.
The pointer is initially moved in single steps,
and is accelerated after an adjustable time
.Pq default: 500 ms
by about 6 times. The mouse buttons are emulated by three normal
by about 6 times.
The mouse buttons are emulated by three normal
keys, by default the function keys
.Aq Em \&F1 ,
.Aq Em \&F2 ,
@ -517,9 +538,11 @@ and
.Aq Em \&F3 .
There are two selectable flavors available: normal and
.Dq sticky
buttons. Normal buttons behave as expected.
buttons.
Normal buttons behave as expected.
.Dq Sticky
buttons are notified as button-press on the first keypress. They
buttons are notified as button-press on the first keypress.
They
.Dq stick
until the key is pressed again
.Pq or another button-emulating key instead .
@ -557,7 +580,8 @@ struct mousedefs {
.Em Downloadable character set interface
EGA and VGA video adaptors provide the capability of downloadable
software fonts. Since the
software fonts.
Since the
.Sq native character set
of any IBM-compatible PC video board does not allow the full interpretation
of DEC multinational character set or ISO Latin-1
@ -572,7 +596,8 @@ get font attr
.El
are used to manipulate the drivers information about a downloaded
font. The take a pointer to a
font.
The take a pointer to a
.Em struct vgafontattr
as argument:
.Bd -literal
@ -654,7 +679,8 @@ get screen info,
provide an interface to some general driver internal variables
which might modify the behaviour of the screens,
or which might simply be used to force the driver to switch
to one certain screen. Their argument is a pointer to the structure:
to one certain screen.
Their argument is a pointer to the structure:
.Bd -literal
struct screeninfo {
int adaptor_type; /* type of video adaptor installed */
@ -704,7 +730,8 @@ sets the number of columns for the current screen,
its parameter is a pointer to an integer containing either a value of 80,
or a value of 132. Note that setting the number of columns to 132 is
only supported on VGA adaptors. Any unsupported numbers cause the ioctl
only supported on VGA adaptors.
Any unsupported numbers cause the ioctl
to fail with
.Em errno
.Pq see Xr intro 2
@ -719,7 +746,8 @@ for each of the 256 internal color codes, each lying in the range of
0 through 63 (with 63 representing the brightest value for a base color).
Thus, these adaptors map each color code to a color of a
.Dq palette
out of 262144 colors. The commands
out of 262144 colors.
The commands
.Bl -tag -width 20n -offset indent -compact
.It VGAREADPEL
@ -728,7 +756,8 @@ read VGA palette entry, and
write VGA palette entry
.El
establish an interface to these palette registers. Their argument is
establish an interface to these palette registers.
Their argument is
a pointer to:
.Bd -literal
struct vgapel {
@ -794,7 +823,8 @@ struct pcvtinfo {
Depending on the configuration of a
.Nm pcvt
driver, their might be a simple screen saver available. It is controlled
driver, their might be a simple screen saver available.
It is controlled
by the command
.Bl -tag -width 20n -offset indent -compact
@ -802,7 +832,8 @@ by the command
set timeout for screen saver in seconds; 0 turns it off,
.El
taking a pointer to an integer as argument. Despite of its command name,
taking a pointer to an integer as argument.
Despite of its command name,
this is available on
.Em any
kind of adaptor if configured in by the
@ -815,13 +846,16 @@ option
Release 3.00 of this
.Nm pcvt
driver supports a subset of the USL-style commands used to control
the virtual terminal interface. This feature is mainly intended to
the virtual terminal interface.
This feature is mainly intended to
allow
.Em XFree86 ,
release 2.0 or higher, to switch between virtual screens even when
running an X server. They are ugly with respect to the implied semantics
running an X server.
They are ugly with respect to the implied semantics
.Pq i.\& e., they break Berkeley semantics
and are therefore not recommended for common use. See the file
and are therefore not recommended for common use.
See the file
.Pa i386/include/pcvt_ioctl.h
for their documentation.
@ -881,7 +915,8 @@ implementation
.Xr config 8 ,
.Xr ispcvt 8
.Sh BUGS
Certainly existent. See the file
Certainly existent.
See the file
.Pa BugList
in the Documentation directory for an up-to-date list.

102
share/man/man4/ppbus.4
View File

@ -98,9 +98,11 @@ ppc makes chipset detection and initialization and then calls ppbus attach
functions to initialize the ppbus system.
.Sh PARALLEL PORT MODEL
The logical parallel port model chosen for the ppbus system is the PC's
parallel port model. Consequently, for the i386 implementation of ppbus,
parallel port model.
Consequently, for the i386 implementation of ppbus,
most of the services provided by ppc are macros for inb()
and outb() calls. But, for an other architecture, accesses to one of our logical
and outb() calls.
But, for an other architecture, accesses to one of our logical
registers (data, status, control...) may require more than one I/O access.
.Ss Description
The parallel port may operate in the following modes:
@ -125,21 +127,26 @@ checked for no errors and that it is not busy, and then a data Strobe is
generated by the software to clock the data to the printer.
.Pp
Many I/O controllers have implemented a mode that uses a FIFO buffer to
transfer data with the Compatibility mode protocol. This mode is referred to as
transfer data with the Compatibility mode protocol.
This mode is referred to as
"Fast Centronics" or "Parallel Port FIFO mode".
.Ss Bidirectional mode
The NIBBLE mode is the most common way to get reverse channel data from a
printer or peripheral. Combined with the standard host to printer mode, it
printer or peripheral.
Combined with the standard host to printer mode, it
provides a complete bidirectional channel.
.Pp
In this mode, outputs are 8-bits long. Inputs are accomplished by reading
In this mode, outputs are 8-bits long.
Inputs are accomplished by reading
4 of the 8 bits of the status register.
.Ss Byte mode
In this mode, the data register is used either for outputs and inputs. Then,
In this mode, the data register is used either for outputs and inputs.
Then,
any transfer is 8-bits long.
.Ss Extended Capability Port mode
The ECP protocol was proposed as an advanced mode for communication with
printer and scanner type peripherals. Like the EPP protocol, ECP mode provides
printer and scanner type peripherals.
Like the EPP protocol, ECP mode provides
for a high performance bidirectional communication path between the host
adapter and the peripheral.
.Pp
@ -157,20 +164,25 @@ The EPP protocol was originally developed as a means to provide a high
performance parallel port link that would still be compatible with the
standard parallel port.
.Pp
The EPP mode has two types of cycle: address and data. What makes the
The EPP mode has two types of cycle: address and data.
What makes the
difference at hardware level is the strobe of the byte placed on the data
lines. Data are strobed with nAutofeed, addresses are strobed with
lines.
Data are strobed with nAutofeed, addresses are strobed with
nSelectin signals.
.Pp
A particularity of the ISA implementation of the EPP protocol is that an
EPP cycle fits in an ISA cycle. In this fashion, parallel port peripherals can
EPP cycle fits in an ISA cycle.
In this fashion, parallel port peripherals can
operate at close to the same performance levels as an equivalent ISA plug-in
card.
.Pp
At software level, you may implement the protocol you wish, using data and
address cycles as you want. This is for the IEEE1284 compatible part. Then,
address cycles as you want. This is for the IEEE1284 compatible part.
Then,
peripheral vendors may implement protocol handshake with the following
status lines: PError, nFault and Select. Try to know how these lines toggle
status lines: PError, nFault and Select.
Try to know how these lines toggle
with your peripheral, allowing the peripheral to request more data, stop the
transfer and so on.
.Pp
@ -178,41 +190,51 @@ At any time, the peripheral may interrupt the host with the nAck signal without
disturbing the current transfer.
.Ss Mixed modes
Some manufacturers, like SMC, have implemented chipsets that support mixed
modes. With such chipsets, mode switching is available at any time by
modes.
With such chipsets, mode switching is available at any time by
accessing the extended control register.
.Sh IEEE1284-1994 Standard
.Ss Background
This standard is also named "IEEE Standard Signaling Method for a
Bidirectional Parallel Peripheral Interface for Personal Computers". It
defines a signaling method for asynchronous, fully interlocked, bidirectional
parallel communications between hosts and printers or other peripherals. It
parallel communications between hosts and printers or other peripherals.
It
also specifies a format for a peripheral identification string and a method of
returning this string to the host outside of the bidirectional data stream.
.Pp
This standard is architecture independent and only specifies dialog handshake
at signal level. One should refer to architecture specific documentation in
at signal level.
One should refer to architecture specific documentation in
order to manipulate machine dependent registers, mapped memory or other
methods to control these signals.
.Pp
The IEEE1284 protocol is fully oriented with all supported parallel port
modes. The computer acts as master and the peripheral as slave.
modes.
The computer acts as master and the peripheral as slave.
.Pp
Any transfer is defined as a finite state automate. It allows software to
Any transfer is defined as a finite state automate.
It allows software to
properly manage the fully interlocked scheme of the signaling method.
The compatible mode is supported "as is" without any negotiation because it
is compatible. Any other mode must be firstly negotiated by the host to check
is compatible.
Any other mode must be firstly negotiated by the host to check
it is supported by the peripheral, then to enter one of the forward idle
states.
.Pp
At any time, the slave may want to send data to the host. This is only
At any time, the slave may want to send data to the host.
This is only
possible from forward idle states (nibble, byte, ecp...). So, the
host must have previously negotiated to permit the peripheral to
request transfer. Interrupt lines may be dedicated to the requesting signals
request transfer.
Interrupt lines may be dedicated to the requesting signals
to prevent time consuming polling methods.
.Pp
But peripheral requests are only a hint to the master host. If the host
But peripheral requests are only a hint to the master host.
If the host
accepts the transfer, it must firstly negotiate the reverse mode and then
starts the transfer. At any time during reverse transfer, the host may
starts the transfer.
At any time during reverse transfer, the host may
terminate the transfer or the slave may drive wires to signal that no more
data is available.
.Ss Implementation
@ -221,14 +243,17 @@ as a set of procedures that perform high level functions like negotiation,
termination, transfer in any mode without bothering you with low level
characteristics of the standard.
.Pp
IEEE1284 interacts with the ppbus system as least as possible. That means
IEEE1284 interacts with the ppbus system as least as possible.
That means
you still have to request the ppbus when you want to access it, the negotiate
function doesn't do it for you. And of course, release it later.
function doesn't do it for you.
And of course, release it later.
.Sh ARCHITECTURE
.Ss adapter, ppbus and device layers
First, there is the
.Em adapter
layer, the lowest of the ppbus system. It provides
layer, the lowest of the ppbus system.
It provides
chipset abstraction throw a set of low level functions that maps the logical
model to the underlying hardware.
.Pp
@ -255,7 +280,8 @@ one, current and available modes are separated.
.Pp
With this level of abstraction a particular chipset may commute from any
native mode the any other mode emulated with extended modes without
disturbing upper layers. For example, most chipsets support NIBBLE mode as
disturbing upper layers.
For example, most chipsets support NIBBLE mode as
native and emulated with ECP and/or EPP.
.Pp
This architecture should support IEEE1284-1994 modes.
@ -263,7 +289,8 @@ This architecture should support IEEE1284-1994 modes.
.Ss The boot process
The boot process starts with the probe phasis of the
.Xr ppc 4
driver during ISA bus (PC architecture) initialization. During attachment of
driver during ISA bus (PC architecture) initialization.
During attachment of
the ppc driver, a new ppbus structure is allocated, then probe and attachment
for this new bus node are called.
.Pp
@ -273,10 +300,12 @@ draft from (c)1993-4 Microsoft Corporation)
then probes and attaches known device drivers.
.Pp
During probe, device drivers are supposed to request the ppbus and try to
set their operating mode. This mode will be saved in the context structure and
set their operating mode.
This mode will be saved in the context structure and
returned each time the driver requests the ppbus.
.Ss Bus allocation and interrupts
ppbus allocation is mandatory not to corrupt I/O of other devices. An other
ppbus allocation is mandatory not to corrupt I/O of other devices.
An other
usage of ppbus allocation is to reserve the port and receive incoming
interrupts.
.Pp
@ -285,19 +314,24 @@ newbus
.Fn BUS_SETUP_INTR
and
.Fn BUS_TEARDOWN_INTR
functions. But, in order to attach a handler, drivers must
own the bus. Consequently, a ppbus request is mandatory in order to call the above
functions.
But, in order to attach a handler, drivers must
own the bus.
Consequently, a ppbus request is mandatory in order to call the above
functions (see existing drivers for more info). Note that the interrupt handler
is automatically released when the ppbus is released.
.Ss Microsequences
.Em Microsequences
is a general purpose mechanism to allow fast low-level
manipulation of the parallel port. Microsequences may be used to do either
standard (in IEEE1284 modes) or non-standard transfers. The philosophy of
manipulation of the parallel port.
Microsequences may be used to do either
standard (in IEEE1284 modes) or non-standard transfers.
The philosophy of
microsequences is to avoid the overhead of the ppbus layer and do most of
the job at adapter level.
.Pp
A microsequence is an array of opcodes and parameters. Each opcode codes an
A microsequence is an array of opcodes and parameters.
Each opcode codes an
operation (opcodes are described in
.Xr microseq 9 ).
Standard I/O operations are implemented at ppbus level whereas basic I/O

84
share/man/man4/psm.4
View File

@ -61,9 +61,12 @@ Basic PS/2 style pointing device has two or three buttons.
Some devices may have a roller or a wheel and/or additional buttons.
.Ss Device Resolution
The PS/2 style pointing device usually has several grades of resolution,
that is, sensitivity of movement. They are typically 25, 50, 100 and 200
pulse per inch. Some devices may have finer resolution.
The current resolution can be changed at runtime. The
that is, sensitivity of movement.
They are typically 25, 50, 100 and 200
pulse per inch.
Some devices may have finer resolution.
The current resolution can be changed at runtime.
The
.Nm
driver allows the user to initially set the resolution
via the driver flag
@ -133,7 +136,8 @@ Always one.
.\" the pad, otherwise the bit is set.
.\" Most, if not all, other devices always set this bit.
.It bit 2
Middle button status; set if pressed. For devices without the middle
Middle button status; set if pressed.
For devices without the middle
button, this bit is always zero.
.It bit 1
Right button status; set if pressed.
@ -165,7 +169,8 @@ driver can somewhat `accelerate' the movement of the pointing device.
The faster you move the device, the further the pointer
travels on the screen.
The driver has an internal variable which governs the effect of
the acceleration. Its value can be modified via the driver flag
the acceleration.
Its value can be modified via the driver flag
or via an ioctl call.
.Ss Device Number
The minor device number of the
@ -198,7 +203,8 @@ the power saving mode,
though it will eventually become available.
There are reports that
stimulating the device by performing I/O will help
waking up the device quickly. This option will add a piece of code
waking up the device quickly.
This option will add a piece of code
to the
.Nm
driver to hook
@ -217,13 +223,17 @@ The
.Nm
driver will attempt to reset the pointing device during the boot process.
It sometimes takes a long while before the device will respond after
reset. These options control how long the driver should wait before
it eventually gives up waiting. The driver will wait
reset.
These options control how long the driver should wait before
it eventually gives up waiting.
The driver will wait
.Fa X
*
.Fa Y
msecs at most. If the driver seems unable to detect your pointing
device, you may want to increase these values. The default values are
msecs at most.
If the driver seems unable to detect your pointing
device, you may want to increase these values.
The default values are
200 msec for
.Fa X
and 5
@ -232,14 +242,16 @@ for
.It Em PSM_DEBUG=N, KBDIO_DEBUG=N
Sets the debug level to
.Fa N .
The default debug level is zero. See
The default debug level is zero.
See
.Sx DIAGNOSTICS
for debug logging.
.El
.Ss Driver Flags
The
.Nm
driver accepts the following driver flags. Set them in the
driver accepts the following driver flags.
Set them in the
kernel configuration file or in the User Configuration Menu at
the boot time
.Pq see Xr boot 8 .
@ -247,10 +259,12 @@ the boot time
.Bl -tag -width MOUSE
.It bit 0..3 RESOLUTION
This flag specifies the resolution of the pointing device.
It must be zero through four. The greater the value
It must be zero through four.
The greater the value
is, the finer resolution the device will select.
Actual resolution selected by this field varies according to the model
of the device. Typical resolutions are:
of the device.
Typical resolutions are:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width 0_(medium_high)__ -compact
.It Em 1 (low)
@ -269,13 +283,15 @@ device (whatever it is).
This flag controls the amount of acceleration effect.
The smaller the value of this flag is, more sensitive the movement becomes.
The minimum value allowed, thus the value for the most sensitive setting,
is one. Setting this flag to zero will completely disables the
is one.
Setting this flag to zero will completely disables the
acceleration effect.
.It bit 8 NOCHECKSYNC
The
.Nm
driver tries to detect the first byte of the data packet by checking
the bit pattern of that byte. Although this method should work with most
the bit pattern of that byte.
Although this method should work with most
PS/2 pointing devices, it may interfere with some devices which are not
so compatible with known devices.
If you think your pointing device is not functioning as expected,
@ -363,7 +379,8 @@ The
driver currently can detect the 3 button mouse from Logitech and report
accordingly.
The 3 button mouse from the other manufacturer may or may not be
reported correctly. However, it will not affect the operation of
reported correctly.
However, it will not affect the operation of
the driver.
.Pp
The
@ -446,11 +463,13 @@ The
.Dv resolution
of the pointing device must be one of
.Dv MOUSE_RES_XXX
constants or a positive value. The greater the value
constants or a positive value.
The greater the value
is, the finer resolution the mouse will select.
Actual resolution selected by the
.Dv MOUSE_RES_XXX
constant varies according to the model of mouse. Typical resolutions are:
constant varies according to the model of mouse.
Typical resolutions are:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width MOUSE_RES_MEDIUMHIGH__ -compact
.It Dv MOUSE_RES_LOW
@ -471,7 +490,8 @@ It must be zero or greater. If it is zero, acceleration is disabled.
.Pp
The
.Dv packetsize
field specifies the length of the data packet. It depends on the
field specifies the length of the data packet.
It depends on the
operation level and the model of the pointing device.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width level_0__ -compact
@ -488,7 +508,8 @@ The array
holds a bit mask and pattern to detect the first byte of the
data packet.
.Dv syncmask[0]
is the bit mask to be ANDed with a byte. If the result is equal to
is the bit mask to be ANDed with a byte.
If the result is equal to
.Dv syncmask[1] ,
the byte is likely to be the first byte of the data packet.
Note that this detection method is not 100% reliable,
@ -504,7 +525,8 @@ Only
.Dv level
and
.Dv accelfactor
may be modifiable. Setting values in the other field does not generate
may be modifiable.
Setting values in the other field does not generate
error and has no effect.
.Pp
If you do not want to change the current setting of a field, put -1
@ -672,13 +694,15 @@ Reserved.
.It bit 6
0 - stream mode, 1 - remote mode.
In the stream mode, the pointing device sends the device status
whenever its state changes. In the remote mode, the host computer
whenever its state changes.
In the remote mode, the host computer
must request the status to be sent.
The
.Nm
driver puts the device in the stream mode.
.It bit 5
Set if the pointing device is currently enabled. Otherwise zero.
Set if the pointing device is currently enabled.
Otherwise zero.
.It bit 4
0 - 1:1 scaling, 1 - 2:1 scaling.
1:1 scaling is the default.
@ -696,7 +720,8 @@ Right button status; set if pressed.
.It bit 7
Reserved.
.It bit 6..0
Resolution code: zero through three. Actual resolution for
Resolution code: zero through three.
Actual resolution for
the resolution code varies from one device to another.
.El
.It Byte 3
@ -728,12 +753,14 @@ Add these options to your kernel configuration file if the device
does not seem to work properly after the system is resumed.
.Pp
Some PS/2 mouse models from MouseSystems require to be put in the
high resolution mode to work properly. Use the driver flag to
high resolution mode to work properly.
Use the driver flag to
set resolution.
.Pp
There is not a guaranteed way to re-synchronize with the first byte
of the packet once we are out of synchronization with the data
stream. However, if you are using the \fIXFree86\fP server and experiencing
stream.
However, if you are using the \fIXFree86\fP server and experiencing
the problem, you may be able to make the X server synchronize with the mouse
by switching away to a virtual terminal and getting back to the X server,
unless the X server is accessing the mouse via
@ -742,7 +769,8 @@ Clicking any button without moving the mouse may also work.
.Sh BUGS
The ioctl command
.Dv MOUSEIOCREAD
has been removed. It was never functional anyway.
has been removed.
It was never functional anyway.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ioctl 2 ,
.Xr syslog 3 ,

63
share/man/man4/rl.4
View File

@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ The
.Nm
driver provides support for PCI ethernet adapters and embedded
controllers based on the RealTek 8129 and 8139 fast ethernet controller
chips. This includes the Allied Telesyn AT2550, Genius GF100TXR,
chips.
This includes the Allied Telesyn AT2550, Genius GF100TXR,
NDC Communications NE100TX-E, OvisLink LEF-8129TX, OvisLink LEF-8139TX,
Netronix Inc. EA-1210 NetEther 10/100, KTX-9130TX 10/100 Fast Ethernet,
Encore ENL832-TX 10/100 M PCI, Longshine LCS-8038TX-R, the
@ -53,16 +54,20 @@ It also supports the Accton EN1207D which has a
chip labeled MPX5030 (or MPX5038) which appears to be a RealTek workalike.
.Pp
The RealTek controllers use bus master DMA but do not use a
descriptor-based data transfer mechanism. The receiver uses a
descriptor-based data transfer mechanism.
The receiver uses a
single fixed size ring buffer from which packets must be copied
into mbufs. For transmission, there are only four outbound packet
into mbufs.
For transmission, there are only four outbound packet
address registers which require all outgoing packets to be stored
as contiguous buffers. Furthermore, outbound packet buffers must
as contiguous buffers.
Furthermore, outbound packet buffers must
be longword aligned or else transmission will fail.
.Pp
The 8129 differs from the 8139 in that the 8139 has an internal
PHY which is controlled through special direct access registers
whereas the 8129 uses an external PHY via an MII bus. The 8139
whereas the 8129 uses an external PHY via an MII bus.
The 8139
supports both 10 and 100Mbps speeds in either full or half duplex.
The 8129 can support the same speeds and modes given an appropriate
PHY chip.
@ -73,21 +78,25 @@ driver supports the following media types:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
.It autoselect
Enable autoselection of the media type and options. This is only
Enable autoselection of the media type and options.
This is only
supported if the PHY chip attached to the RealTek controller
supports NWAY autonegotiation. The user can manually override
supports NWAY autonegotiation.
The user can manually override
the autoselected mode by adding media options to the
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
file.
.It 10baseT/UTP
Set 10Mbps operation. The
Set 10Mbps operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
or
.Ar half-duplex modes.
.It 100baseTX
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation. The
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
@ -127,20 +136,25 @@ The driver failed to allocate an mbuf for the transmitter ring when
allocating a pad buffer or collapsing an mbuf chain into a cluster.
.It "rl%d: chip is in D3 power state -- setting to D0"
This message applies only to adapters which support power
management. Some operating systems place the controller in low power
management.
Some operating systems place the controller in low power
mode when shutting down, and some PCI BIOSes fail to bring the chip
out of this state before configuring it. The controller loses all of
out of this state before configuring it.
The controller loses all of
its PCI configuration in the D3 state, so if the BIOS does not set
it back to full power mode in time, it won't be able to configure it
correctly. The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
correctly.
The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
the adapter back to the D0 (full power) state, but this may not be
enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition. If
enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition.
If
you see this message at boot time and the driver fails to attach
the device as a network interface, you will have to perform second
warm boot to have the device properly configured.
.Pp
Note that this condition only occurs when warm booting from another
operating system. If you power down your system prior to booting
operating system.
If you power down your system prior to booting
.Fx ,
the card should be configured correctly.
.El
@ -166,20 +180,26 @@ driver was written by
.Sh BUGS
Since outbound packets must be longword aligned, the transmit
routine has to copy an unaligned packet into an mbuf cluster buffer
before transmission. The driver abuses the fact that the cluster buffer
before transmission.
The driver abuses the fact that the cluster buffer
pool is allocated at system startup time in a contiguous region starting
at a page boundary. Since cluster buffers are 2048 bytes, they are
longword aligned by definition. The driver probably should not be
at a page boundary.
Since cluster buffers are 2048 bytes, they are
longword aligned by definition.
The driver probably should not be
depending on this characteristic.
.Pp
The RealTek data sheets are of especially poor quality: the grammar
and spelling are awful and there is a lot of information missing,
particularly concerning the receiver operation. One particularly
particularly concerning the receiver operation.
One particularly
important fact that the data sheets fail to mention relates to the
way in which the chip fills in the receive buffer. When an interrupt
way in which the chip fills in the receive buffer.
When an interrupt
is posted to signal that a frame has been received, it is possible that
another frame might be in the process of being copied into the receive
buffer while the driver is busy handling the first one. If the driver
buffer while the driver is busy handling the first one.
If the driver
manages to finish processing the first frame before the chip is done
DMAing the rest of the next frame, the driver may attempt to process
the next frame in the buffer before the chip has had a chance to finish
@ -189,5 +209,6 @@ The driver can check for an incomplete frame by inspecting the frame
length in the header preceeding the actual packet data: an incomplete
frame will have the magic length of 0xFFF0. When the driver encounters
this value, it knows that it has finished processing all currently
available packets. Neither this magic value nor its significance are
available packets.
Neither this magic value nor its significance are
documented anywhere in the RealTek data sheets.

24
share/man/man4/sa.4
View File

@ -60,12 +60,14 @@ driver is based around the concept of a
which is defined as the period between the time that a tape is
mounted, and the time when it is unmounted. Any parameters set during
a mount session remain in effect for the remainder of the session or
until replaced. The tape can be unmounted, bringing the session to a
until replaced.
The tape can be unmounted, bringing the session to a
close in several ways. These include:
.Bl -enum
.It
Closing a `rewind device',
referred to as sub-mode 00 below. An example is
referred to as sub-mode 00 below.
An example is
.Pa /dev/rsa0 .
.It
Using the MTOFFL
@ -77,7 +79,8 @@ command of
.El
.Pp
It should be noted that tape devices are exclusive open devices, except in
the case where a control mode device is opened. In the latter case, exclusive
the case where a control mode device is opened.
In the latter case, exclusive
access is only sought when needed (e.g., to set parameters).
.Sh SUB-MODES
Bits 0 and 1 of the minor number are interpreted as
@ -95,7 +98,8 @@ No other head positioning takes place.
Any further reads or writes will occur directly after the
last read, or the written file mark.
.It 10
A close will rewind the device. If the tape has been
A close will rewind the device.
If the tape has been
written, then a file mark will be written before the rewind is requested.
On completion of the rewind an unload command will be issued.
The device is unmounted.
@ -117,7 +121,8 @@ written to the tape. One can never read or write
.Em part
of a record from tape (though you may request a larger block and read
a smaller record); nor can one read multiple blocks. Data from a
single write is therefore read by a single read. The block size used
single write is therefore read by a single read.
The block size used
may be any value supported by the device, the
.Tn SCSI
adapter and the system (usually between 1 byte and 64 Kbytes,
@ -125,13 +130,15 @@ sometimes more).
.Pp
When reading a variable record/block from the tape, the head is
logically considered to be immediately after the last item read,
and before the next item after that. If the next item is a file mark,
and before the next item after that.
If the next item is a file mark,
but it was never read, then the next
process to read will immediately hit the file mark and receive an end-of-file notification.
.It Fixed block-size:
Data written by the user is passed to the tape as a succession of
fixed size blocks. It may be contiguous in memory, but it is
considered to be a series of independent blocks. One may never write
considered to be a series of independent blocks.
One may never write
an amount of data that is not an exact multiple of the blocksize. One
may read and write the same data as a different set of records, In
other words, blocks that were written together may be read separately,
@ -145,7 +152,8 @@ of 0. (As above, if the file mark is never read, it remains for the next
process to read if in no-rewind mode.)
.El
.Sh FILE MARK HANDLING
The handling of file marks on write is automatic. If the user has
The handling of file marks on write is automatic.
If the user has
written to the tape, and has not done a read since the last write,
then a file mark will be written to the tape when the device is
closed. If a rewind is requested after a write, then the driver

6
share/man/man4/sbc.4
View File

@ -52,14 +52,16 @@ Advance Asound 100, 110 and Logic ALS120
ESS ES1868, ES1869, ES1879 and ES1888
.El
.Pp
The value of flags specifies the secondary DMA channel. If the secondary
The value of flags specifies the secondary DMA channel.
If the secondary
DMA channel is C, set the flags to (C | 0x10). For a sound card without the
secondary DMA channel, the flags should be set to zero.
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
.Bl -tag -width 2m % begin list
.It sb_dspwr(XX) timed out.
.Pp
A command to the DSP has timed out. Check the I/O port configuration.
A command to the DSP has timed out.
Check the I/O port configuration.
.It bad irq XX (5/7/9/10 valid)
.Pp
The IRQ given to the driver is not valid.

24
share/man/man4/screen.4
View File

@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ ttyv0 - ttyvb in
Each of these files correspond to a separate
virtual console.
All virtual console devices can be open at once, but only one is
active at a time. The active virtual console "owns" the keyboard and
active at a time.
The active virtual console "owns" the keyboard and
display screen.
.Pp
Output to a virtual console that not currently is on the display is
@ -29,10 +30,12 @@ Any output written to
.Pp
To switch between the virtual consoles one uses the sequence
.Ar ALT+Fn
, which means hold down ALT and press one of the function keys. The
, which means hold down ALT and press one of the function keys.
The
virtual console with the same number as the function key is then
selected as the current virtual console, and given exclusive use of
the keyboard and display. This switch sequence can be changed via
the keyboard and display.
This switch sequence can be changed via
the keyboard mapping ioctl call (see keyboard.4)
.Pp
@ -40,14 +43,19 @@ The console allows entering values that are not physically
present on the keyboard via a special keysequence.
To use this facility press and hold down ALT,
then enter a decimal number from 0-255 via the numerical keypad, then
release ALT. The entered value is then used as the ASCII value for one
character. This way it is possible to enter any ASCII value.
The console driver also includes a history function. It is activated by
pressing the scroll-lock key. This holds the display, and enables the cursor
release ALT.
The entered value is then used as the ASCII value for one
character.
This way it is possible to enter any ASCII value.
The console driver also includes a history function.
It is activated by
pressing the scroll-lock key.
This holds the display, and enables the cursor
arrows for scrolling up and down through the last scrolled out lines.
The console understands a subset of the ANSI x3.64 character
sequences. For compatibility with the old pccons, the PC3 character
sequences.
For compatibility with the old pccons, the PC3 character
sequences is also supported.
.Pp
.Bd -literal

18
share/man/man4/scsi.4
View File

@ -60,7 +60,8 @@ of drivers to control various
.Tn SCSI
devices, and to utilize different
.Tn SCSI
host adapters through host adapter drivers. When the system probes the
host adapters through host adapter drivers.
When the system probes the
.Tn SCSI
busses, it attaches any devices it finds to the appropriate
drivers. The
@ -172,17 +173,21 @@ then the first non-wired disk shall come on line as
.Em da2 .
.Sh ADAPTERS
The system allows common device drivers to work through many different
types of adapters. The adapters take requests from the upper layers and do
types of adapters.
The adapters take requests from the upper layers and do
all IO between the
.Em SCSI
bus and the system. The maximum size of a transfer is governed by the
adapter. Most adapters can transfer 64KB in a single operation, however
bus and the system.
The maximum size of a transfer is governed by the
adapter.
Most adapters can transfer 64KB in a single operation, however
many can transfer larger amounts.
.Sh TARGET MODE
Some adapters support
.Em target mode
in which the system is capable of operating as a device, responding to
operations initiated by another system. Target mode is supported for
operations initiated by another system.
Target mode is supported for
some adapters, but is not yet complete for this version of the CAM
.Tn SCSI
subsystem.
@ -191,7 +196,8 @@ see other scsi device entries.
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
When the kernel is compiled with options CAMDEBUG, an XPT_DEBUG CCB can be
used to enable various amounts of tracing information on any
specific device. Devices not being traced will not produce trace information.
specific device.
Devices not being traced will not produce trace information.
There are currently four debugging flags that may be turned on:
.Bl -tag -width CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE
.It Dv CAM_DEBUG_INFO

3
share/man/man4/ses.4
View File

@ -125,5 +125,6 @@ The
driver was written for the
.Tn CAM
.Tn SCSI
subsystem by Matthew Jacob. This is a functional equivalent of a similar
subsystem by Matthew Jacob.
This is a functional equivalent of a similar
driver available in Solaris, Relase 7.

24
share/man/man4/sf.4
View File

@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ Adaptec AIC-6915 "Starfire" PCI fast ethernet adapter driver
The
.Nm
driver provides support for Adaptec Duralink fast ethernet adapters
based on the Adaptec AIC-6915 "Starfire" chipset. This includes the
based on the Adaptec AIC-6915 "Starfire" chipset.
This includes the
following:
.Bl -bullet -offset indent
.It
@ -59,17 +60,21 @@ ANA-69011 32-bit single port 10/100baseTX adapter
ANA-62020 64-bit single port 100baseFX adapter
.El
.Pp
The AIC-6915 is a bus master controller with an MII interface. It
The AIC-6915 is a bus master controller with an MII interface.
It
supports high and low priority transmit and receive queues, TCP/IP
checksum offload, multiple DMA descriptor formats and both polling
and producer/consumer DMA models. The AIC-6915 receive filtering
and producer/consumer DMA models.
The AIC-6915 receive filtering
options include a 16 entry perfect filter, a 512-bit hash table
for multicast addresses, a 512-bit hash table for priority address
matching and VLAN filtering. An external MII-compliant transceiver
matching and VLAN filtering.
An external MII-compliant transceiver
is required for media interfacing.
.Pp
Multiport adapters consist of several AIC-6915 controllers connected
via a PCI to PCI bridge. Each controller is treated as a separate
via a PCI to PCI bridge.
Each controller is treated as a separate
interface by the
.Nm
driver.
@ -86,7 +91,8 @@ the autoselected mode by adding media options to the
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
file.
.It 10baseT/UTP
Set 10Mbps operation. The
Set 10Mbps operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
@ -94,7 +100,8 @@ or
.Ar half-duplex
modes.
.It 100baseTX
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation. The
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
@ -119,7 +126,8 @@ For more information on configuring this device, see
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
.Bl -diag
.It "sf%d: couldn't map memory"
A fatal initialization error has occurred. This may
A fatal initialization error has occurred.
This may
happen if the PCI BIOS not configured the device, which may be because
the BIOS has been configured for a "Plug and Play" operating system.
The "Plug and Play OS" setting int he BIOS should be set to "no" or

18
share/man/man4/si.4
View File

@ -24,14 +24,17 @@ port version. The "XIO" and "SX" modules come only in
8 port versions.
.Pp
The host adapter polls and transfers data between the modules and the rest
of the machine. The Host adapter provides a 256 byte transmit and 256 byte
of the machine.
The Host adapter provides a 256 byte transmit and 256 byte
receive FIFO for each of the 32 ports that it can maintain.
.Pp
The XIO modules can operate each of their 8 ports at 115,200 baud.
The SI version can run at 57,600 baud. The SX modules can operate each of their
The SI version can run at 57,600 baud.
The SX modules can operate each of their
8 ports at up to 921,600 baud.
.Pp
SX modules are only supported when connected to an SX host card. SI or
SX modules are only supported when connected to an SX host card.
SI or
XIO modules are supported on any host card.
.Pp
The host adapter uses a shared memory block in the traditional ISA bus
@ -39,7 +42,8 @@ The host adapter uses a shared memory block in the traditional ISA bus
range, but requires the memory range to be explicitly non-cached. The
driver does not yet support this mode of operation.
.Pp
SX ISA Host cards have an 8/16 bit mode switch or jumper on them. This switch
SX ISA Host cards have an 8/16 bit mode switch or jumper on them.
This switch
or jumper MUST be set for 8 bit mode.
.Pp
The ISA adapters can use Irq's 11, 12 or 15 (and 9 and 10 in the case of
@ -55,7 +59,8 @@ The si device driver also responds to the
utility for configuring drain-on-close timeouts.
.Pp
The driver also defines 3 sysctl variables that can be manipulated:
machdep.si_debug sets the debug level for the whole driver. It depends
machdep.si_debug sets the debug level for the whole driver.
It depends
on the driver being compiled with SI_DEBUG. machdep.si_pollrate
sets how often per second the driver polls for lost interrupts.
machdep.si_realpoll sets whether or not the card will treat the
@ -75,7 +80,8 @@ Due to the lack of available interrupts, only 3 ISA SI/XIO host cards can be
used at once.
.Pp
The lowest 5 bits of the minor device number are used to select the port
number on the module cluster. The next 2 bits select which of 4 host adapter
number on the module cluster.
The next 2 bits select which of 4 host adapter
cards. This allows a maximum of 128 ports on this driver.
.Pp
Bit 7 is used to differentiate a tty/dialin port (bit 7=0) and a

3
share/man/man4/sio.4
View File

@ -316,7 +316,8 @@ As shown, hex addresses can be and for clarity probably should be used instead.
.Pp
Note that on the AST/4 the card's dipswitches should
.Em not
be set to use interrupt sharing. AST/4-like interrupt sharing is only used when
be set to use interrupt sharing.
AST/4-like interrupt sharing is only used when
.Em multiple
AST/4 cards are installed in the same system. The sio driver does not
support more than 1 AST/4 on one IRQ.

27
share/man/man4/sis.4
View File

@ -48,8 +48,10 @@ controllers based on the Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900
and SiS 7016 fast ethernet controller chips.
.Pp
The SiS 900 is a 100Mbps ethernet MAC and MII-compliant transceiver
in a single package. It uses a bus master DMA and a scatter/gather
descriptor scheme. The SiS 7016 is similar to the SiS 900 except
in a single package.
It uses a bus master DMA and a scatter/gather
descriptor scheme.
The SiS 7016 is similar to the SiS 900 except
that it has no internal PHY, requiring instead an external transceiver
to be attached to its MII interface.
The SiS 900 and SiS 7016 both have a 128-bit multicast hash filter
@ -67,14 +69,16 @@ the autoselected mode by adding media options to the
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
fine.
.It 10baseT/UTP
Set 10Mbps operation. The
Set 10Mbps operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
or
.Ar half-duplex modes.
.It 100baseTX
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation. The
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
@ -112,20 +116,25 @@ The driver failed to allocate an mbuf for the transmitter ring when
allocating a pad buffer or collapsing an mbuf chain into a clusisr.
.It "sis%d: chip is in D3 power state -- setting to D0"
This message applies only to adapters which support power
management. Some operating sysisms place the controller in low power
management.
Some operating sysisms place the controller in low power
mode when shutting down, and some PCI BIOSes fail to bring the chip
out of this state before configuring it. The controller loses all of
out of this state before configuring it.
The controller loses all of
its PCI configuration in the D3 state, so if the BIOS does not set
it back to full power mode in time, it won't be able to configure it
correctly. The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
correctly.
The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
the adapter back to the D0 (full power) state, but this may not be
enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition. If
enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition.
If
you see this message at boot time and the driver fails to attach
the device as a network interface, you will have to perform second
warm boot to have the device properly configured.
.Pp
Note that this condition only occurs when warm booting from another
operating sysism. If you power down your sysism prior to booting
operating sysism.
If you power down your sysism prior to booting
.Fx ,
the card should be configured correctly.
.El

21
share/man/man4/sk.4
View File

@ -56,24 +56,29 @@ SK-9844 SK-NET GE-SX dual port, multimode fiber adapter
.El
.Pp
The SysKonnect adapters consist of two main components: the XaQti Corp.
XMAC II gigabit MAC and the SysKonnect GEnesis controller ASIC. The
XMAC II gigabit MAC and the SysKonnect GEnesis controller ASIC.
The
XMAC provides the gigabit MAC and PHY suspport while the GEnesis
provides an interface to the PCI bus, DMA support, packet buffering
and arbitration. The GEnesis can control up to two XMACs simultaneously,
and arbitration.
The GEnesis can control up to two XMACs simultaneously,
allowing dual-port NIC configurations.
.Pp
The
.Nm
driver configures dual port SysKonnect adapters such that each XMAC
is treated as a separate logical network interface. Both ports can
is treated as a separate logical network interface.
Both ports can
operate indepenently of each other and can be connected to separate
networks. The SysKonnect driver software currently only uses the
networks.
The SysKonnect driver software currently only uses the
second port on dual port adapters for failover purposes: if the link
on the primary port fails, the SysKonnect driver will automatically
switch traffic onto the second port.
.Pp
The XaQti XMAC II supports full and half duplex operation with
autonegotiation. The XMAC also supports unlimited frame sizes.
autonegotiation.
The XMAC also supports unlimited frame sizes.
Support for jumbo frames is provided via the interface MTU setting.
Selecting an MTU larger than 1500 bytes with the
.Xr ifconfig 8
@ -93,7 +98,8 @@ the autoselected mode by adding media options to the
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
file.
.It 1000baseSX
Set 1000Mbps (gigabit ethernet) operation. Both
Set 1000Mbps (gigabit ethernet) operation.
Both
.Ar full-duplex
and
.Ar half-duplex
@ -125,7 +131,8 @@ A fatal initialization error has occurred.
The driver failed to allocate memory for per-device instance information
during initialization.
.It "sk%d: failed to enable memory mapping!"
The driver failed to initialize PCI shared memory mapping. This might
The driver failed to initialize PCI shared memory mapping.
This might
happen if the card is not in a bus-master slot.
.It "sk%d: no memory for jumbo buffers!"
The driver failed to allocate memory for jumbo frames during

3
share/man/man4/smb.4
View File

@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ The
.Em smb
character device driver provides generic i/o to any
.Xr smbus 4
instance. In order to control SMB devices, use /dev/smb? with the
instance.
In order to control SMB devices, use /dev/smb? with the
following ioctls:
.Pp
.Bl -column "System Management Bus ioctls" -compact

3
share/man/man4/smbus.4
View File

@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ and to utilize different SMB controllers (I2C, PIIX4, Brooktree848, vm86...).
The
.Em System Management Bus
is a two-wire interface through which simple power-related chips can communicate
with rest of the system. It uses I2C as its backbone (see
with rest of the system.
It uses I2C as its backbone (see
.Xr iicbus 4 ).
A system using SMB passes messages to and from devices instead of tripping

3
share/man/man4/snd_csa.4
View File

@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ Crystal Semiconductor CS428x Audio Controller
.El
.Pp
Some onboard CS4610 chips accompany with not CS4297 AC97
codec but CS423x ISA codec. Such the configuration is not
codec but CS423x ISA codec.
Such the configuration is not
sypported by
.Nm
yet.

3
share/man/man4/snd_gusc.4
View File

@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ Gravis UltraSound PnP
Gravis UltraSound MAX
.El
.Pp
The value of flags specifies the secondary DMA channel. If the secondary
The value of flags specifies the secondary DMA channel.
If the secondary
DMA channel is C, set the flags to (C | 0x10). For a sound card without the
secondary DMA channel, the flags should be set to zero.
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS

6
share/man/man4/snd_sbc.4
View File

@ -52,14 +52,16 @@ Advance Asound 100, 110 and Logic ALS120
ESS ES1868, ES1869, ES1879 and ES1888
.El
.Pp
The value of flags specifies the secondary DMA channel. If the secondary
The value of flags specifies the secondary DMA channel.
If the secondary
DMA channel is C, set the flags to (C | 0x10). For a sound card without the
secondary DMA channel, the flags should be set to zero.
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
.Bl -tag -width 2m % begin list
.It sb_dspwr(XX) timed out.
.Pp
A command to the DSP has timed out. Check the I/O port configuration.
A command to the DSP has timed out.
Check the I/O port configuration.
.It bad irq XX (5/7/9/10 valid)
.Pp
The IRQ given to the driver is not valid.

6
share/man/man4/splash.4
View File

@ -54,7 +54,8 @@ If you specify
.Fl c
or
.Fl v
boot option when loading kernel, the splash image will not appear. However, it
boot option when loading kernel, the splash image will not appear.
However, it
is still loaded and can be used as a screen saver later: see below.
.Pp
In order to display the bitmap, the bitmap file itself and the
@ -137,7 +138,8 @@ key: the defaults are
.Em Shift-Pause
on the AT enhanced keyboard and
.Em Shift-Ctrl-NumLock/Pause
on the AT 84 keyboard. You can change the
on the AT 84 keyboard.
You can change the
.Ar saver
key by modifying the keymap
.Pq see Xr kbdcontrol 1 , Xr keymap 5 ,

33
share/man/man4/ste.4
View File

@ -45,13 +45,17 @@ The
.Nm
driver provides support for PCI ethernet adapters and embedded
controllers based on the Sundance Technologies ST201 PCI fast
ethernet controller chip. This includes the D-Link DFE-550TX.
ethernet controller chip.
This includes the D-Link DFE-550TX.
.Pp
The Sundance ST201 uses bus master DMA and is designed to be a
3Com Etherlink XL workalike. It uses the same DMA descriptor
3Com Etherlink XL workalike.
It uses the same DMA descriptor
structure and is very similar in operation, however its register
layout is different. The ST201 has a 64-bit multicast hash filter
and a single perfect filter entry for the station address. IT
layout is different.
The ST201 has a 64-bit multicast hash filter
and a single perfect filter entry for the station address.
IT
supports both 10 and 100Mbps speeds in either full or half duplex
using an MII transceiver.
.Pp
@ -67,14 +71,16 @@ the autoselected mode by adding media options to the
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
fine.
.It 10baseT/UTP
Set 10Mbps operation. The
Set 10Mbps operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
or
.Ar half-duplex modes.
.It 100baseTX
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation. The
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
@ -112,20 +118,25 @@ The driver failed to allocate an mbuf for the transmitter ring when
allocating a pad buffer or collapsing an mbuf chain into a cluster.
.It "ste%d: chip is in D3 power state -- setting to D0"
This message applies only to adapters which support power
management. Some operating systems place the controller in low power
management.
Some operating systems place the controller in low power
mode when shutting down, and some PCI BIOSes fail to bring the chip
out of this state before configuring it. The controller loses all of
out of this state before configuring it.
The controller loses all of
its PCI configuration in the D3 state, so if the BIOS does not set
it back to full power mode in time, it won't be able to configure it
correctly. The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
correctly.
The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
the adapter back to the D0 (full power) state, but this may not be
enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition. If
enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition.
If
you see this message at boot time and the driver fails to attach
the device as a network interface, you will have to perform second
warm boot to have the device properly configured.
.Pp
Note that this condition only occurs when warm booting from another
operating system. If you power down your system prior to booting
operating system.
If you power down your system prior to booting
.Fx ,
the card should be configured correctly.
.El

24
share/man/man4/sysmouse.4
View File

@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ Always zero.
.It bit 2
Left button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set.
.It bit 1
Middle button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set. Always one,
Middle button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set.
Always one,
if the device does not have the middle button.
.It bit 0
Right button status; cleared if pressed, otherwise set.
@ -231,7 +232,8 @@ is always 0.
.Pp
The
.Dv packetsize
field specifies the length of the data packet. It depends on the
field specifies the length of the data packet.
It depends on the
operation level.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width level_0__ -compact
@ -246,7 +248,8 @@ The array
holds a bit mask and pattern to detect the first byte of the
data packet.
.Dv syncmask[0]
is the bit mask to be ANDed with a byte. If the result is equal to
is the bit mask to be ANDed with a byte.
If the result is equal to
.Dv syncmask[1] ,
the byte is likely to be the first byte of the data packet.
Note that this method of detecting the first byte is not 100% reliable,
@ -258,7 +261,8 @@ as specified in
.Ar mode .
Only
.Dv level
may be modifiable. Setting values in the other field does not generate
may be modifiable.
Setting values in the other field does not generate
error and has no effect.
.\" .Pp
.\" .It Dv MOUSE_GETVARS Ar mousevar_t *vars
@ -342,7 +346,8 @@ The signal to be delivered is set in
.Dv u.mode .
.El
.Pp
The above operations are for virtual consoles. The operations defined
The above operations are for virtual consoles.
The operations defined
below are for the console control device and used by
.Xr moused 8
to pass mouse data to the console driver.
@ -361,7 +366,8 @@ requested or performs cut and paste operations
if the current console is a text interface.
.It Dv MOUSE_BUTTONEVENT
.Dv u.data
specifies a button and its click count. The console driver will
specifies a button and its click count.
The console driver will
use this information for signal delivery if requested or
for cut and paste operations if the console is in text mode.
.El
@ -394,7 +400,8 @@ and
.Dv z
represent movement of the mouse along respective directions.
.Dv buttons
tells the state of buttons. It encodes up to 31 buttons in the bit 0 though
tells the state of buttons.
It encodes up to 31 buttons in the bit 0 though
the bit 30. If a button is held down, the corresponding bit is set.
.Pp
.It Dv mode
@ -407,7 +414,8 @@ struct mouse_mode {
.Pp
The
.Dv signal
field specifies the signal to be delivered to the process. It must be
field specifies the signal to be delivered to the process.
It must be
one of the values defined in
.Ao Pa signal.h Ac .
The

9
share/man/man4/termios.4
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@ -237,7 +237,8 @@ upon receiving the character.
.Pp
Two general kinds of input processing are available, determined by
whether the terminal device file is in canonical mode or noncanonical
mode. Additionally,
mode.
Additionally,
input characters are processed according to the
.Fa c_iflag
and
@ -924,10 +925,12 @@ is set, start/stop output control is enabled. A received
character suspends output and a received
.Dv START
character
restarts output. If
restarts output.
If
.Dv IXANY
is also set, then any character may
restart output. When
restart output.
When
.Dv IXON
is set,
.Dv START

48
share/man/man4/ti.4
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@ -43,19 +43,26 @@ Alteon Networks Tigon I and Tigon II gigabit ethernet driver
The
.Nm
driver provides support for PCI gigabit ethernet adapters based on
the Alteon Networks Tigon gigabit ethernet controller chip. The Tigon
the Alteon Networks Tigon gigabit ethernet controller chip.
The Tigon
contains an embedded R4000 CPU, gigabit MAC, dual DMA channels and
a PCI interface unit. The Tigon II contains two R4000 CPUs and other
refinements. Either chip can be used in either a 32-bit or 64-bit PCI
slot. Communication with the chip is achieved via PCI shared memory
and bus master DMA. The Tigon I and II support hardware multicast
a PCI interface unit.
The Tigon II contains two R4000 CPUs and other
refinements.
Either chip can be used in either a 32-bit or 64-bit PCI
slot.
Communication with the chip is achieved via PCI shared memory
and bus master DMA.
The Tigon I and II support hardware multicast
address filtering, VLAN tag extraction and insertion, and jumbo
ethernet frames sizes up to 9000 bytes. Note that the Tigon I chipset
ethernet frames sizes up to 9000 bytes.
Note that the Tigon I chipset
is no longer in active production: all new adapters should come equipped
with Tigon II chipsets.
.Pp
There are several PCI boards available from both Alteon and other
vendors that use the Tigon chipset under OEM contract. The
vendors that use the Tigon chipset under OEM contract.
The
.Nm
driver has been tested with the following Tigon-based adapters:
.Bl -bullet -offset indent
@ -77,7 +84,8 @@ Silicon Graphics PCI gigabit ethernet adapter
.Pp
While the Tigon chipset supports 10, 100 and 1000Mbps speeds, support for
10 and 100Mbps speeds is only available on boards with the proper
transceivers. Most adapters are only designed to work at 1000Mbps,
transceivers.
Most adapters are only designed to work at 1000Mbps,
however the driver should support those NICs that work at lower speeds
as well.
.Pp
@ -90,7 +98,8 @@ such as file transfers and data streaming.
.Pp
Support for vlans is also available using the
.Xr vlan 4
mechanism. See the
mechanism.
See the
.Xr vlan 4
man page for more details.
.Pp
@ -106,14 +115,16 @@ the autoselected mode by adding media options to the
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
file.
.It 10baseT/UTP
Set 10Mbps operation. The
Set 10Mbps operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
or
.Ar half-duplex modes.
.It 100baseTX
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation. The
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
@ -121,7 +132,8 @@ or
.Ar half-duplex
modes.
.It 1000baseSX
Set 1000Mbps (gigabit ethernet) operation. Only full
Set 1000Mbps (gigabit ethernet) operation.
Only full
.Ar full-duplex
mode is supported at this speed.
.El
@ -149,21 +161,25 @@ A fatal initialization error has occurred.
The driver failed to allocate memory for per-device instance information
during initialization.
.It "ti%d: failed to enable memory mapping!"
The driver failed to initialize PCI shared memory mapping. This might
The driver failed to initialize PCI shared memory mapping.
This might
happen if the card is not in a bus-master slot.
.It "ti%d: no memory for jumbo buffers!"
The driver failed to allocate memory for jumbo frames during
initialization.
.It "ti%d: bios thinks we're in a 64 bit slot, but we aren't"
The BIOS has programmed the NIC as though it had been installed in
a 64-bit PCI slot, but in fact the NIC is in a 32-bit slot. This happens
as a result of a bug in some BIOSes. This can be worked around on the
a 64-bit PCI slot, but in fact the NIC is in a 32-bit slot.
This happens
as a result of a bug in some BIOSes.
This can be worked around on the
Tigon II, but on the Tigon I initialization will fail.
.It "ti%d: board self-diagnostics failed!"
The ROMFAIL bit in the CPU state register was set after system
startup, indicating that the on-board NIC diagnostics failed.
.It "ti%d: unknown hwrev"
The driver detected a board with an unsupported hardware revision. The
The driver detected a board with an unsupported hardware revision.
The
.Nm
driver supports revision 4 (Tigon 1) and revision 6 (Tigon 2) chips
and has firmware only for those devices.

18
share/man/man4/tl.4
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@ -44,10 +44,12 @@ Texas Instruments ThunderLAN ethernet device driver
The
.Nm
driver provides support for PCI ethernet adapters based on the Texas
Instruments ThunderLAN ethernet controller chip. This includes a large
Instruments ThunderLAN ethernet controller chip.
This includes a large
number of Compaq PCI-bus ethernet adapters as well as the integrated
ethernet controllers built in to several models of Compaq Prosignia
servers and Compaq Deskpro desktop machines. This driver also supports
servers and Compaq Deskpro desktop machines.
This driver also supports
the Olicom OC-2135/2138, OC-2325 and OC-2326 10/100 TX UTP adapters
and the Racore 8165 10/100baseTX and 8148 10baseT/100baseTX/100baseFX
multi-personality cards.
@ -55,11 +57,14 @@ multi-personality cards.
The ThunderLAN controller has a standard MII interface that supports
up to 32 physical interface devices (PHYs). It also has a built-in
10baseT PHY hardwired at MII address 31, which may be used in some
10Mbps-only hardware configurations. In 100Mbps configurations, a
10Mbps-only hardware configurations.
In 100Mbps configurations, a
National Semiconductor DP83840A or other MII-compliant PHY may be
attached to the ThunderLAN's MII bus. If a DP83840A or equivalent
attached to the ThunderLAN's MII bus.
If a DP83840A or equivalent
is available, the ThunderLAN chip can operate at either 100Mbps or
10Mbps in either half-duplex or full-duplex modes. The ThunderLAN's
10Mbps in either half-duplex or full-duplex modes.
The ThunderLAN's
built-in PHY and the DP83840A also support autonegotiation.
.Pp
The
@ -68,7 +73,8 @@ driver supports the following media types:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
.It autoselect
Enable autoselection of the media type and options. Note that this
Enable autoselection of the media type and options.
Note that this
option is only available on those PHYs that support autonegotiation.
Also, the PHY will not advertise those modes that have been explcitly
disabled using the following media options.

6
share/man/man4/tun.4
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@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ is exclusive-open
.Po
it cannot be opened if it is already open
.Pc
and is restricted to the super-user. A
and is restricted to the super-user.
A
.Fn read
call will return an error
.Pq Er EHOSTDOWN
@ -97,7 +98,8 @@ to the network interface output routine
.Pq Sq Li tunoutput .
The destination address is in
.Sq Li struct sockaddr
format. The actual length of the prepended address is in the member
format.
The actual length of the prepended address is in the member
.Sq Li sa_len .
The packet data follows immediately.
A

3
share/man/man4/uhci.4
View File

@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ UHCI USB Host Controller Driver
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
driver provides support for UHCI-type PCI based USB controllers. This
driver provides support for UHCI-type PCI based USB controllers.
This
includes
.Bl -tag -width xxxxx
.It Intel 82371AB/EB (PIIX4)

9
share/man/man4/ukbd.4
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@ -62,8 +62,10 @@ sh MAKEDEV kbd0 kbd1
.Ed
.Pp
If both an AT keyboard as well as USB keyboards are used at the same time, the
AT keyboard will appear as kbd0 in /dev. The USB keyboards will be kbd1, kbd2,
etc. You can see some information about the keyboard with the following command:
AT keyboard will appear as kbd0 in /dev.
The USB keyboards will be kbd1, kbd2,
etc.
You can see some information about the keyboard with the following command:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
kbdcontrol -i < /dev/kbd1
.Ed
@ -88,7 +90,8 @@ to be used as the console.
If you want to use a USB keyboard as your default and not use an AT keyboard at
all, you will have to remove the
.Nm atkbd0
from the kernel configuration file. Because of the order of the device
from the kernel configuration file.
Because of the order of the device
initialisation, the USB keyboard will be detected AFTER the console driver
initialises itself and you have to explicitly tellthe console
driver to use the existence of the USB keyboard. This can be done in

9
share/man/man4/umass.4
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@ -42,7 +42,8 @@
The
.Nm
driver provides support for Mass Storage devices that attach to the USB
port. Supported are
port.
Supported are
.Bl -tag -compact -width xxxxxx
.It Iomega Zip 100 drive
.El
@ -51,7 +52,8 @@ and one of
.Nm uhci
or
.Nm ohci
must be configured in the kernel as well. Last but not least, support for
must be configured in the kernel as well.
Last but not least, support for
SCSI drives,
.Nm da
.Sh EXAMPLE
@ -66,7 +68,8 @@ driver to the kernel.
.Pp
.Dl camcontrol rescan 0
.Pp
Rescan a Zip drive that was added after boot. The command above
Rescan a Zip drive that was added after boot.
The command above
assumes that the Zip drive is the first SCSI bus in the system.
.Pp
.Dl disklabel -w -r da0 zip100

6
share/man/man4/ums.4
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@ -41,7 +41,8 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
driver provides support for mice that attach to the USB port. Supported are
driver provides support for mice that attach to the USB port.
Supported are
mice with any number of buttons and mice with a wheel.
.Nm usb
and one of
@ -54,7 +55,8 @@ The /dev/ums device presents the mouse as a
.Ar sysmouse
or
.Ar mousesystems
type device. See
type device.
See
.Nm moused
for an explanation of these mouse types.
.Sh FILES

9
share/man/man4/usb.4
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@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ devices.
The
.Nm
driver has three layers: the controller, the bus, and the
device layer. The controller attaches to a physical bus
device layer.
The controller attaches to a physical bus
(like
.Xr pci 4 ).
The
@ -202,7 +203,8 @@ and
.Va addr
contain the topological information for the device.
.Va devnames
contains the device names of the connected drivers. For example the
contains the device names of the connected drivers.
For example the
third USB Zip drive connected will be
.Li umass2 .
The
@ -220,7 +222,8 @@ field shows the current configuration of the device.
.Pp
.Va lowspeed
indicates whether the device is a full speed (0) or low speed (1)
device. The
device.
The
.Va power
field shows the power consumption in milli-amps drawn at 5 volts,
or zero if the device is self powered.

6
share/man/man4/vga.4
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@ -59,9 +59,11 @@ as other drivers.
.Pp
The
.Nm
driver supports the standard video cards: MDA, CGA, EGA and VGA. In
driver supports the standard video cards: MDA, CGA, EGA and VGA.
In
addition, the driver can utilize VESA BIOS extensions if the video card
supports them. VESA support can either be statically included in the kernel
supports them.
VESA support can either be statically included in the kernel
or can be loaded as a separate module.
.Pp
In order to statically link the VESA support to the kernel, the

6
share/man/man4/vpo.4
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@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ For one or more SCSI busses:
The primary purpose of the
.Em vpo
driver is to provide access to the Adaptec AIC-7110 SCSI controller built
in the Iomega ZIP drive. But it should also work with the Iomega Jaz Traveller
in the Iomega ZIP drive.
But it should also work with the Iomega Jaz Traveller
parallel to SCSI interface.
.Pp
The driver has been extended to the ZIP+ drive which is based on the
@ -49,7 +50,8 @@ Iomega Matchmaker Parallel to SCSI interface.
The driver should let you use a printer connected to the drive while
transfering data.
.Pp
DOS and FreeBSD filesystems are supported. When mounting a DOS filesystem or
DOS and FreeBSD filesystems are supported.
When mounting a DOS filesystem or
formating a FreeBSD filesystem, check the slice of the disk with the
.Xr fdisk 8
utility.

36
share/man/man4/vr.4
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@ -45,19 +45,23 @@ The
.Nm
driver provides support for PCI ethernet adapters and embedded
controllers based on the VIA Technologies VT3043 Rhine I and
VT86C100A Rhine II fast ethernet controller chips. This includes
VT86C100A Rhine II fast ethernet controller chips.
This includes
the D-Link DFE530-TX, the Hawking Technologies PN102TX, the
AOpen/Acer ALN-320, and various other commodity fast ethernet
cards.
.Pp
The VIA Rhine chips use bus master DMA and have a descriptor layout
designed to resemble that of the DEC 21x4x "tulip" chips. The register
designed to resemble that of the DEC 21x4x "tulip" chips.
The register
layout is different however and the receive filter in the Rhine chips
is much simpler and is programmed through registers rather than by
downloading a special setup frame through the transmit DMA engine.
Transmit and receive DMA buffers must be longword
aligned. The Rhine chips are meant to be interfaced with external
physical layer devices via an MII bus. They support both
aligned.
The Rhine chips are meant to be interfaced with external
physical layer devices via an MII bus.
They support both
10 and 100Mbps speeds in either full or half duplex.
.Pp
The
@ -72,14 +76,16 @@ the autoselected mode by adding media options to the
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
file.
.It 10baseT/UTP
Set 10Mbps operation. The
Set 10Mbps operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
or
.Ar half-duplex modes.
.It 100baseTX
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation. The
Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation.
The
.Ar mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Ar full-duplex
@ -119,20 +125,25 @@ The driver failed to allocate an mbuf for the transmitter ring when
allocating a pad buffer or collapsing an mbuf chain into a cluster.
.It "vr%d: chip is in D3 power state -- setting to D0"
This message applies only to adapters which support power
management. Some operating systems place the controller in low power
management.
Some operating systems place the controller in low power
mode when shutting down, and some PCI BIOSes fail to bring the chip
out of this state before configuring it. The controller loses all of
out of this state before configuring it.
The controller loses all of
its PCI configuration in the D3 state, so if the BIOS does not set
it back to full power mode in time, it won't be able to configure it
correctly. The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
correctly.
The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
the adapter back to the D0 (full power) state, but this may not be
enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition. If
enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition.
If
you see this message at boot time and the driver fails to attach
the device as a network interface, you will have to perform second
warm boot to have the device properly configured.
.Pp
Note that this condition only occurs when warm booting from another
operating system. If you power down your system prior to booting
operating system.
If you power down your system prior to booting
.Fx ,
the card should be configured correctly.
.El
@ -163,5 +174,6 @@ buffers prior to transmission in order to pacify the Rhine chips.
If buffers are not aligned correctly, the chip will round the
supplied buffer address and begin DMAing from the wrong location.
This buffer copying impairs transmit performance on slower systems but can't
be avoided. On faster machines (e.g. a Pentium II), the performance
be avoided.
On faster machines (e.g. a Pentium II), the performance
impact is much less noticable.

3
share/termcap/termcap.5
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@ -121,7 +121,8 @@ The following suffixes should be used where possible:
.Ed
.Sh CAPABILITIES
The description field attempts to convey the semantics of the
capability. You may find some codes in the description field:
capability.
You may find some codes in the description field:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width #[1-9]
.It (P)