From bde1866a63c583c78d524c7261239c5fa78ed03e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Andrey A. Chernov" Date: Tue, 9 Nov 1993 02:38:17 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Added octave-tracking. Added the slur-mark feature. Name of ioctl's include sys/spkr.h changed to machine/speaker.h --- share/man/man4/man4.i386/spkr.4 | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++--------- share/man/man4/spkr.4 | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++--------- 2 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-) diff --git a/share/man/man4/man4.i386/spkr.4 b/share/man/man4/man4.i386/spkr.4 index b211674893f0..b83aab0a7312 100644 --- a/share/man/man4/man4.i386/spkr.4 +++ b/share/man/man4/man4.i386/spkr.4 @@ -1,6 +1,9 @@ +.Dd November 7, 1993 .TH SPKR 4 +.Os FreeBSD .SH NAME -spkr \- console speaker device driver +.Nm spkr +.Nd console speaker device driver .SH DESCRIPTION The speaker device driver allows applications to control the PC console speaker on an IBM-PC-compatible machine running UNIX. @@ -18,7 +21,7 @@ tones. Other processes may emit beeps while the driver is running. .PP Applications may call ioctl() on a speaker file descriptor to control the speaker driver directly; definitions for the ioctl() interface are in -sys/spkr.h. The tone_t structure used in these calls has two fields, +machine/speaker.h. The tone_t structure used in these calls has two fields, specifying a frequency (in hz) and a duration (in 1/100ths of a second). A frequency of zero is interpreted as a rest. .PP @@ -30,7 +33,8 @@ a zero duration. .PP The play-string language is modelled on the PLAY statement conventions of IBM BASIC 2.0. The MB, MF and X primitives of PLAY are not useful in a UNIX -environment and are omitted. The `octave-tracking' feature is also new. +environment and are omitted. The `octave-tracking' feature and the slur +mark are new. .PP There are 84 accessible notes numbered 1-83 in 7 octaves, each running from C to B, numbered 0-6; the scale is equal-tempered A440 and octave 3 starts @@ -45,25 +49,26 @@ current octave. A note letter may optionally be followed by an \fIaccidental sign\fR, one of # + or -; the first two of these cause it to be sharped one half-tone, the last causes it to be flatted one half-tone. It may also be followed by a time value number and by sustain dots (see below). Time values -are interpreted as for the L command below;. +are interpreted as for the L command below. .PP O -- if is numeric, this sets the current octave. may also be one of 'L' or 'N' to enable or disable octave-tracking (it is disabled by default). When octave-tracking is on, interpretation of a pair of letter notes will change octaves if necessary in order to make the smallest possible jump between notes. Thus "olbc" will be played as "olb>c", and "olcb" as "olc, < and O[0123456]. +locking is disabled for one letter note following >, < and O[0123456]. +(The octave-locking feature is not supported in Microsoft Basic.) .PP > -- bump the current octave up one. .PP < -- drop the current octave down one. .PP N -- play note n, n being 1 to 84 or 0 for a rest of current time value. -May be followedv by sustain dots. +May be followed by sustain dots. .PP -L -- sets the current time value for notes. The default is L4, quarter -notes. The lowest possible value is 1; values up to 64 are accepted. L1 sets -whole notes, L2 sets half notes, L4 sets quarter notes, etc.. +L -- sets the current time value for notes. The default is L4, quarter or +crotchet notes. The lowest possible value is 1; values up to 64 are accepted. +L1 sets whole notes, L2 sets half notes, L4 sets quarter notes, etc.. .PP P -- pause (rest), with interpreted as for L. May be followed by sustain dots. May also be written '~'. @@ -101,6 +106,10 @@ sustain dots. Each dot causes the note's value to be lengthened by one-half for each one. Thus, a note dotted once is held for 3/2 of its undotted value; dotted twice, it is held 9/4, and three times would give 27/8. .PP +A note and its sustain dots may also be followed by a slur mark (underscore). +This causes the normal micro-rest after the note to be filled in, slurring it +to the next one. (The slur feature is not supported in Microsoft Basic.) +.PP Whitespace in play strings is simply skipped and may be used to separate melody sections. .SH BUGS @@ -108,10 +117,19 @@ Due to roundoff in the pitch tables and slop in the tone-generation and timer hardware (neither of which was designed for precision), neither pitch accuracy nor timings will be mathematically exact. There is no volume control. .PP +The action of two or more sustain dots does not reflect standard musical +notation, in which each dot adds half the value of the previous dot +modifier, not half the value of the note as modified. Thus, a note dotted +once is held for 3/2 of its undotted value; dotted twice, it is held 7/4, +and three times would give 15/8. The multiply-by-3/2 interpretation, +however, is specified in the IBM BASIC manual and has been retained for +compatibility. +.PP In play strings which are very long (longer than your system's physical I/O blocks) note suffixes or numbers may occasionally be parsed incorrectly due to crossing a block boundary. .SH FILES /dev/speaker -- speaker device file .SH AUTHOR -Eric S. Raymond (esr@snark.thyrsus.com) Feb 1990 +Eric S. Raymond diff --git a/share/man/man4/spkr.4 b/share/man/man4/spkr.4 index b211674893f0..b83aab0a7312 100644 --- a/share/man/man4/spkr.4 +++ b/share/man/man4/spkr.4 @@ -1,6 +1,9 @@ +.Dd November 7, 1993 .TH SPKR 4 +.Os FreeBSD .SH NAME -spkr \- console speaker device driver +.Nm spkr +.Nd console speaker device driver .SH DESCRIPTION The speaker device driver allows applications to control the PC console speaker on an IBM-PC-compatible machine running UNIX. @@ -18,7 +21,7 @@ tones. Other processes may emit beeps while the driver is running. .PP Applications may call ioctl() on a speaker file descriptor to control the speaker driver directly; definitions for the ioctl() interface are in -sys/spkr.h. The tone_t structure used in these calls has two fields, +machine/speaker.h. The tone_t structure used in these calls has two fields, specifying a frequency (in hz) and a duration (in 1/100ths of a second). A frequency of zero is interpreted as a rest. .PP @@ -30,7 +33,8 @@ a zero duration. .PP The play-string language is modelled on the PLAY statement conventions of IBM BASIC 2.0. The MB, MF and X primitives of PLAY are not useful in a UNIX -environment and are omitted. The `octave-tracking' feature is also new. +environment and are omitted. The `octave-tracking' feature and the slur +mark are new. .PP There are 84 accessible notes numbered 1-83 in 7 octaves, each running from C to B, numbered 0-6; the scale is equal-tempered A440 and octave 3 starts @@ -45,25 +49,26 @@ current octave. A note letter may optionally be followed by an \fIaccidental sign\fR, one of # + or -; the first two of these cause it to be sharped one half-tone, the last causes it to be flatted one half-tone. It may also be followed by a time value number and by sustain dots (see below). Time values -are interpreted as for the L command below;. +are interpreted as for the L command below. .PP O -- if is numeric, this sets the current octave. may also be one of 'L' or 'N' to enable or disable octave-tracking (it is disabled by default). When octave-tracking is on, interpretation of a pair of letter notes will change octaves if necessary in order to make the smallest possible jump between notes. Thus "olbc" will be played as "olb>c", and "olcb" as "olc, < and O[0123456]. +locking is disabled for one letter note following >, < and O[0123456]. +(The octave-locking feature is not supported in Microsoft Basic.) .PP > -- bump the current octave up one. .PP < -- drop the current octave down one. .PP N -- play note n, n being 1 to 84 or 0 for a rest of current time value. -May be followedv by sustain dots. +May be followed by sustain dots. .PP -L -- sets the current time value for notes. The default is L4, quarter -notes. The lowest possible value is 1; values up to 64 are accepted. L1 sets -whole notes, L2 sets half notes, L4 sets quarter notes, etc.. +L -- sets the current time value for notes. The default is L4, quarter or +crotchet notes. The lowest possible value is 1; values up to 64 are accepted. +L1 sets whole notes, L2 sets half notes, L4 sets quarter notes, etc.. .PP P -- pause (rest), with interpreted as for L. May be followed by sustain dots. May also be written '~'. @@ -101,6 +106,10 @@ sustain dots. Each dot causes the note's value to be lengthened by one-half for each one. Thus, a note dotted once is held for 3/2 of its undotted value; dotted twice, it is held 9/4, and three times would give 27/8. .PP +A note and its sustain dots may also be followed by a slur mark (underscore). +This causes the normal micro-rest after the note to be filled in, slurring it +to the next one. (The slur feature is not supported in Microsoft Basic.) +.PP Whitespace in play strings is simply skipped and may be used to separate melody sections. .SH BUGS @@ -108,10 +117,19 @@ Due to roundoff in the pitch tables and slop in the tone-generation and timer hardware (neither of which was designed for precision), neither pitch accuracy nor timings will be mathematically exact. There is no volume control. .PP +The action of two or more sustain dots does not reflect standard musical +notation, in which each dot adds half the value of the previous dot +modifier, not half the value of the note as modified. Thus, a note dotted +once is held for 3/2 of its undotted value; dotted twice, it is held 7/4, +and three times would give 15/8. The multiply-by-3/2 interpretation, +however, is specified in the IBM BASIC manual and has been retained for +compatibility. +.PP In play strings which are very long (longer than your system's physical I/O blocks) note suffixes or numbers may occasionally be parsed incorrectly due to crossing a block boundary. .SH FILES /dev/speaker -- speaker device file .SH AUTHOR -Eric S. Raymond (esr@snark.thyrsus.com) Feb 1990 +Eric S. Raymond