MFV of 255902, tzdata2013f

MFV of 257651, tzdata2013h tzdata2013f - Jordan goes to winter time on the last Friday in October. - Tocantins in Brazil will not go into summer time in October. - Indonesian time zones renames. - Lots of cleanups in with regarding to links and historical data. tzdata2013h - Libya didn't go back to DST. - Fix Morocco 2038 issue. - Brazil/Acre and Western Amazonas are chaning timezones.
2013-11-05 06:32:23 +00:00 · 2013-11-05 06:32:23 +00:00 · c26a580251
commit c26a580251
parent 9ded9474d3 59b8fbef6c
11 changed files with 620 additions and 246 deletions
--- a/contrib/tzdata/africa
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/africa
@ -451,6 +451,14 @@ Zone	Africa/Monrovia	-0:43:08 -	LMT	1882
 # (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on
 # lastFri instead of lastSun).

+# From Even Scharning (2013-10-25):
+# The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was
+# cancelled yesterday....
+# http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25):
+# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UTC+2.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Libya	1951	only	-	Oct	14	2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Libya	1952	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
@ -467,8 +475,8 @@ Rule	Libya	1987	1989	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Libya	1987	1989	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Libya	1997	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Libya	1997	only	-	Oct	 4	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Libya	2013	max	-	Mar	lastFri	1:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Libya	2013	max	-	Oct	lastFri	2:00	0	-
+Rule	Libya	2013	only	-	Mar	lastFri	1:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Libya	2013	only	-	Oct	lastFri	2:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Tripoli	0:52:44 -	LMT	1920
 			1:00	Libya	CE%sT	1959
@ -479,7 +487,8 @@ Zone	Africa/Tripoli	0:52:44 -	LMT	1920
 			2:00	-	EET	1996 Sep 30
 			1:00	Libya	CE%sT	1997 Oct  4
 			2:00	-	EET	2012 Nov 10 2:00
-			1:00	Libya	CE%sT
+			1:00	Libya	CE%sT	2013 Oct 25 2:00
+			2:00	-	EET

 # Madagascar
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@ -684,15 +693,6 @@ Zone	Indian/Mayotte	3:00:56 -	LMT	1911 Jul	# Mamoutzou
 # http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search
 # </a>

-# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
-# Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow
-# Morocco DST changes?  Any information?  What about other part of
-# Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named
-# SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)?
-
-# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09):
-# XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now.
-
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27):
 # Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31
 # and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end
@ -858,13 +858,23 @@ Zone	Indian/Mayotte	3:00:56 -	LMT	1911 Jul	# Mamoutzou
 # transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see:
 # http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10

-# From Paul Eggert (2013-07-03):
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28):
+# Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day
+# before it was going to end.  There is a new decree (2.13.781) for
+# this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00
+# to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules.  Official
+# source (French):
+# http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013
+# Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree):
+# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-03):
 # To estimate what the Moroccan government will do in future years,
-# transition dates for 2014 through 2021 were determined by running
+# transition dates for 2014 through 2038 were determined by running
 # the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3:
 #
 # (let ((islamic-year 1435))
-#   (while (< islamic-year 1444)
+#   (while (< islamic-year 1461)
 #     (let ((a
 #	     (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
 #	      (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))))
@ -879,13 +889,18 @@ Zone	Indian/Mayotte	3:00:56 -	LMT	1911 Jul	# Mamoutzou
 #	  (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
 #     (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
 #
-# with the results hand-edited for 2020-2022, when the normal spring-forward
-# date falls during the estimated Ramadan.
-#
-# From 2023 through 2038 Ramadan is not predicted to overlap with
-# daylight saving time.  Starting in 2039 there will be overlap again,
-# but 32-bit time_t values roll around in 2038 so for now do not worry
-# about dates after 2038.
+# with spring-forward transitions removed for 2023-2025, when the
+# normal spring-forward date falls during the estimated Ramadan; with
+# all transitions removed for 2026-2035, where the estimated Ramadan
+# falls entirely outside daylight-saving time; and with fall-back
+# transitions removed for 2036-2037, where the normal fall-back
+# date falls during the estimated Ramadan.  Normally, the table would
+# stop after 2037 because 32-bit time_t values roll around early in 2038,
+# but that would imply a prediction of perpetual DST after March 2038
+# due to the year-2037 glitches.  So, this table instead stops after
+# 2038, the first non-glitchy year after the 32-bit rollover.
+# An advantage of stopping after 2038 is that it lets zic guess
+# TZ='WET0WEST,M3.5.0,M10.5.0/3' for time stamps far in the future.

 # RULE	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S

@ -912,12 +927,14 @@ Rule	Morocco	2010	only	-	May	 2	 0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Morocco	2010	only	-	Aug	 8	 0:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2011	only	-	Apr	 3	 0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Morocco	2011	only	-	Jul	 31	 0	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2012	2019	-	Apr	 lastSun 2:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Morocco	2012	max	-	Sep	 lastSun 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2012	2013	-	Apr	 lastSun 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2012	only	-	Sep	 30	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2012	only	-	Jul	 20	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2012	only	-	Aug	 20	 2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Morocco	2013	only	-	Jul	  7	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2013	only	-	Aug	 10	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2013	2035	-	Oct	 lastSun 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2014	2022	-	Mar	 lastSun 2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Morocco	2014	only	-	Jun	 29	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2014	only	-	Jul	 29	 2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Morocco	2015	only	-	Jun	 18	 3:00	0	-
@ -930,20 +947,42 @@ Rule	Morocco	2018	only	-	May	 16	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2018	only	-	Jun	 15	 2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Morocco	2019	only	-	May	  6	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2019	only	-	Jun	  5	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2020	only	-	Apr	 24	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2020	only	-	May	 24	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2021	only	-	Apr	 13	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2021	only	-	May	 13	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2022	only	-	Apr	  3	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2022	only	-	May	  3	 2:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Morocco	2023	max	-	Apr	 lastSun 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2023	only	-	Apr	 22	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2024	only	-	Apr	 10	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2025	only	-	Mar	 31	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2026	max	-	Mar	 lastSun 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2036	only	-	Oct	 21	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2037	only	-	Oct	 11	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2038	only	-	Sep	 30	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2038	only	-	Oct	 30	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2038	max	-	Oct	 lastSun 3:00	0	-

 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Africa/Casablanca	-0:30:20 -	LMT	1913 Oct 26
 			 0:00	Morocco	WE%sT	1984 Mar 16
 			 1:00	-	CET	1986
 			 0:00	Morocco	WE%sT
+
 # Western Sahara
+#
+# From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22):
+# A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters
+# ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as
+# Morocco does.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23):
+# Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT,
+# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco.
+
 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun	-0:52:48 -	LMT	1934 Jan
 			-1:00	-	WAT	1976 Apr 14
-			 0:00	-	WET
+			 0:00	Morocco	WE%sT

 # Mozambique
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@ -1100,9 +1139,7 @@ Zone	Africa/Khartoum	2:10:08 -	LMT	1931
 			3:00	-	EAT

 # South Sudan
-Zone	Africa/Juba	2:06:24 -	LMT	1931
-			2:00	Sudan	CA%sT	2000 Jan 15 12:00
-			3:00	-	EAT
+Link Africa/Khartoum Africa/Juba

 # Swaziland
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- a/contrib/tzdata/antarctica
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/antarctica
@ -16,9 +16,9 @@
 #
 # Except for the French entries,
 # I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
-# FORMAT is `zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
+# FORMAT is 'zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.

-# These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file.
+# These rules are stolen from the 'southamerica' file.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	ArgAQ	1964	1966	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	ArgAQ	1964	1966	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	S
@ -228,9 +228,10 @@ Zone Antarctica/Syowa	0	-	zzz	1957 Jan 29
 # Scott Island (never inhabited)
 #
 # year-round base
-# Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo.
+# Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01.
+# See Pacific/Auckland.
 #
-# These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file.
+# These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the 'australasia' file.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	NZAQ	1974	only	-	Nov	 3	2:00s	1:00	D
 Rule	NZAQ	1975	1988	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
@ -268,11 +269,11 @@ Rule	NZAQ	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
 # From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
 # I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
 # what they had to say about time there:
-# ``in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
+# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
 # time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
 # 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
 # of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
-# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT.''
+# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT."
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
 # This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
@ -337,16 +338,8 @@ Zone Antarctica/Palmer	0	-	zzz	1965
 			-4:00	ChileAQ	CL%sT
 #
 #
-# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Antarctica/McMurdo	0	-	zzz	1956
-			12:00	NZAQ	NZ%sT
-#
-# Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
-# Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the
-# larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit.
+# McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12
+# Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
 #
 # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27):
 # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
@ -368,4 +361,4 @@ Zone Antarctica/McMurdo	0	-	zzz	1956
 # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
 # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
 #
-Link	Antarctica/McMurdo	Antarctica/South_Pole
+# See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo.
--- a/contrib/tzdata/asia
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/asia
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).

-# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
 #
 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
@ -44,11 +44,11 @@
 #	4:00 GST	Gulf*
 #	5:30 IST	India
 #	7:00 ICT	Indochina*
-#	7:00 WIT	west Indonesia
-#	8:00 CIT	central Indonesia
+#	7:00 WIB	west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat)
+#	8:00 WITA	central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah)
 #	8:00 CST	China
 #	9:00 CJT	Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
-#	9:00 EIT	east Indonesia
+#	9:00 WIT	east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur)
 #	9:00 JST  JDT	Japan
 #	9:00 KST  KDT	Korea
 #	9:30 CST	(Australian) Central Standard Time
@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Dili	8:22:20 -	LMT	1912
 			8:00	-	TLT	1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 23
 			9:00	-	TLT	1976 May  3
-			8:00	-	CIT	2000 Sep 17 00:00
+			8:00	-	WITA	2000 Sep 17 00:00
 			9:00	-	TLT

 # India
@ -793,36 +793,53 @@ Zone	Asia/Kolkata	5:53:28 -	LMT	1880	# Kolkata
 # (Hollandia).  For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura
 # switched on 1945-09-23.
 #
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
+# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in
+# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even
+# when writing in English.  For example, see the English-language
+# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the
+# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology,
+# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29).
+# The abbreviations are:
+#
+# WIB  - UTC+7 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time)
+# WITA - UTC+8 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time)
+# WIT  - UTC+9 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time)
+#
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Java, Sumatra
 Zone Asia/Jakarta	7:07:12 -	LMT	1867 Aug 10
 # Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
 # but this must be a typo.
-			7:07:12	-	JMT	1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta
+			7:07:12	-	BMT	1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia
 			7:20	-	JAVT	1932 Nov	 # Java Time
-			7:30	-	WIT	1942 Mar 23
+			7:30	-	WIB	1942 Mar 23
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 23
-			7:30	-	WIT	1948 May
-			8:00	-	WIT	1950 May
-			7:30	-	WIT	1964
-			7:00	-	WIT
+			7:30	-	WIB	1948 May
+			8:00	-	WIB	1950 May
+			7:30	-	WIB	1964
+			7:00	-	WIB
+# west and central Borneo
 Zone Asia/Pontianak	7:17:20	-	LMT	1908 May
 			7:17:20	-	PMT	1932 Nov    # Pontianak MT
-			7:30	-	WIT	1942 Jan 29
+			7:30	-	WIB	1942 Jan 29
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 23
-			7:30	-	WIT	1948 May
-			8:00	-	WIT	1950 May
-			7:30	-	WIT	1964
-			8:00	-	CIT	1988 Jan  1
-			7:00	-	WIT
+			7:30	-	WIB	1948 May
+			8:00	-	WIB	1950 May
+			7:30	-	WIB	1964
+			8:00	-	WITA	1988 Jan  1
+			7:00	-	WIB
+# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo
 Zone Asia/Makassar	7:57:36 -	LMT	1920
 			7:57:36	-	MMT	1932 Nov    # Macassar MT
-			8:00	-	CIT	1942 Feb  9
+			8:00	-	WITA	1942 Feb  9
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 23
-			8:00	-	CIT
+			8:00	-	WITA
+# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua
 Zone Asia/Jayapura	9:22:48 -	LMT	1932 Nov
-			9:00	-	EIT	1944 Sep  1
+			9:00	-	WIT	1944 Sep  1
 			9:30	-	CST	1964
-			9:00	-	EIT
+			9:00	-	WIT

 # Iran

@ -1364,9 +1381,11 @@ Zone	Asia/Tokyo	9:18:59	-	LMT	1887 Dec 31 15:00u
 # until about the same time next year (at least).
 # http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2012-10-25):
-# For now, assume this is just a one-year measure.  If it becomes
-# permanent, we should move Jordan from EET to AST effective tomorrow.
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-21):
+# It's looking like this change will be permanent; see
+# Petra News Agency, Cancelling winter saved Jordan $7 million (2013-02-20)
+# <http://www.albawaba.com/business/jordan-winter-electricity--472005>.
+# So move Jordan to UTC+3 as of the abovementioned date.

 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Jordan	1973	only	-	Jun	6	0:00	1:00	S
@ -1392,15 +1411,15 @@ Rule	Jordan	1995	1998	-	Sep	Fri>=15	0:00s	0	-
 Rule	Jordan	1999	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Jordan	1999	2002	-	Sep	lastFri	0:00s	0	-
 Rule	Jordan	2000	2001	-	Mar	lastThu	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Jordan	2002	max	-	Mar	lastThu	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Jordan	2002	2012	-	Mar	lastThu	24:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Jordan	2003	only	-	Oct	24	0:00s	0	-
 Rule	Jordan	2004	only	-	Oct	15	0:00s	0	-
 Rule	Jordan	2005	only	-	Sep	lastFri	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Jordan	2006	2011	-	Oct	lastFri	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Jordan	2013	max	-	Oct	lastFri	0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Jordan	2006	2012	-	Oct	lastFri	0:00s	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Amman	2:23:44 -	LMT	1931
-			2:00	Jordan	EE%sT
+			2:00	Jordan	EE%sT	2012 Oct 26 0:00s
+			3:00	-	AST


 # Kazakhstan
@ -2280,9 +2299,18 @@ Zone	Asia/Karachi	4:28:12 -	LMT	1907
 # http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120
 # http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html

-# From Paul Eggert (2013-04-15):
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24):
+# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight
+# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...).
+# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect
+# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip":
+# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246
+# official source...:
+# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-24):
 # For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through
-# the first Friday on or after September 21 at 01:00.  This is consistent with
+# the first Friday on or after September 21 at 00:00.  This is consistent with
 # the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs,
 # which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively:
 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702
@ -2313,7 +2341,8 @@ Rule Palestine	2011	only	-	Aug	 1	0:00	0	-
 Rule Palestine	2011	only	-	Aug	30	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule Palestine	2011	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	-
 Rule Palestine	2012	max	-	Mar	lastThu	24:00	1:00	S
-Rule Palestine	2012	max	-	Sep	Fri>=21	1:00	0	-
+Rule Palestine	2012	only	-	Sep	21	1:00	0	-
+Rule Palestine	2013	max	-	Sep	Fri>=21	0:00	0	-

 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Gaza	2:17:52	-	LMT	1900 Oct
--- a/contrib/tzdata/australasia
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/australasia
@ -352,16 +352,25 @@ Zone	Indian/Cocos	6:27:40	-	LMT	1900
 # today confirmed that Fiji will start daylight savings at 2 am on Sunday 21st
 # October 2012 and end at 3 am on Sunday 20th January 2013.
 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6702&catid=71&Itemid=155
+
+# From the Fijian Government Media Center (2013-08-30) via David Wheeler:
+# Fiji will start daylight savings on Sunday 27th October, 2013 and end at 3am
+# on Sunday 19th January, 2014....  move clocks forward by one hour from 2am
+# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-SUNDAY,-27th-OCTOBER-201.aspx
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2012-08-31):
-# For now, guess a pattern of the penultimate Sundays in October and January.
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09):
+# For now, guess that Fiji springs forward the Sunday before the fourth
+# Monday in October.  This matches both recent practice and
+# timeanddate.com's current spring-forward prediction.
+# For the January 2014 transition we guessed right while timeanddate.com
+# guessed wrong, so leave the fall-back prediction alone.

 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Fiji	1998	1999	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Fiji	1999	2000	-	Feb	lastSun	3:00	0	-
 Rule	Fiji	2009	only	-	Nov	29	2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Fiji	2010	only	-	Mar	lastSun	3:00	0	-
-Rule	Fiji	2010	max	-	Oct	Sun>=18	2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Fiji	2010	max	-	Oct	Sun>=21	2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Fiji	2011	only	-	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
 Rule	Fiji	2012	max	-	Jan	Sun>=18	3:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@ -487,6 +496,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Auckland	11:39:04 -	LMT	1868 Nov  2
 Zone Pacific/Chatham	12:13:48 -	LMT	1957 Jan  1
 			12:45	Chatham	CHA%sT

+Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo

 # Auckland Is
 # uninhabited; Maori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
@ -736,7 +746,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Funafuti	11:56:52 -	LMT	1901
 # 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known.
 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944;
 # uninhabited thereafter.
-# Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UTC-10:30) in 1937;
+# Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT-10:30) in 1937;
 # see page 206 of Elgen M. Long and Marie K. Long,
 # Amelia Earhart: the Mystery Solved, Simon & Schuster (2000).
 # So most likely Howland and Baker observed Hawaii Time from 1935
@ -749,8 +759,17 @@ Zone Pacific/Funafuti	11:56:52 -	LMT	1901
 # no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati

 # Johnston
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Johnston	-10:00	-	HST
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-03):
+# In his memoirs of June 6th to October 4, 1945
+# <http://www.315bw.org/Herb_Bach.htm> (2005), Herbert C. Bach writes,
+# "We started our letdown to Kwajalein Atoll and landed there at 5:00 AM
+# Johnston time, 1:30 AM Kwajalein time."  This was in June 1945, and
+# confirms that Johnston kept the same time as Honolulu in summer 1945.
+# We have no better information, so for now, assume this has been true
+# indefinitely into the past.
+#
+# See 'northamerica' for Pacific/Johnston.

 # Kingman
 # uninhabited
--- a/contrib/tzdata/backward
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/backward
@ -22,15 +22,17 @@ Link	America/Kentucky/Louisville	America/Louisville
 Link	America/Argentina/Mendoza	America/Mendoza
 Link	America/Rio_Branco	America/Porto_Acre
 Link	America/Argentina/Cordoba	America/Rosario
-Link	America/St_Thomas	America/Virgin
+Link	America/Denver		America/Shiprock
+Link	America/Port_of_Spain	America/Virgin
+Link	Pacific/Auckland	Antarctica/South_Pole
 Link	Asia/Ashgabat		Asia/Ashkhabad
+Link	Asia/Kolkata		Asia/Calcutta
 Link	Asia/Chongqing		Asia/Chungking
 Link	Asia/Dhaka		Asia/Dacca
 Link	Asia/Kathmandu		Asia/Katmandu
-Link	Asia/Kolkata		Asia/Calcutta
 Link	Asia/Macau		Asia/Macao
-Link	Asia/Jerusalem		Asia/Tel_Aviv
 Link	Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh	Asia/Saigon
+Link	Asia/Jerusalem		Asia/Tel_Aviv
 Link	Asia/Thimphu		Asia/Thimbu
 Link	Asia/Makassar		Asia/Ujung_Pandang
 Link	Asia/Ulaanbaatar	Asia/Ulan_Bator
@ -88,10 +90,10 @@ Link	Pacific/Auckland	NZ
 Link	Pacific/Chatham		NZ-CHAT
 Link	America/Denver		Navajo
 Link	Asia/Shanghai		PRC
-Link	Pacific/Pago_Pago	Pacific/Samoa
-Link	Pacific/Chuuk		Pacific/Yap
-Link	Pacific/Chuuk		Pacific/Truk
 Link	Pacific/Pohnpei		Pacific/Ponape
+Link	Pacific/Pago_Pago	Pacific/Samoa
+Link	Pacific/Chuuk		Pacific/Truk
+Link	Pacific/Chuuk		Pacific/Yap
 Link	Europe/Warsaw		Poland
 Link	Europe/Lisbon		Portugal
 Link	Asia/Taipei		ROC
--- a/contrib/tzdata/etcetera
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/etcetera
@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ Link	Etc/GMT				Etc/GMT0
 # even though this is the opposite of what many people expect.
 # POSIX has positive signs west of Greenwich, but many people expect
 # positive signs east of Greenwich.  For example, TZ='Etc/GMT+4' uses
-# the abbreviation "GMT+4" and corresponds to 4 hours behind UTC
+# the abbreviation "GMT+4" and corresponds to 4 hours behind UT
 # (i.e. west of Greenwich) even though many people would expect it to
-# mean 4 hours ahead of UTC (i.e. east of Greenwich).
+# mean 4 hours ahead of UT (i.e. east of Greenwich).
 #
 # In the draft 5 of POSIX 1003.1-200x, the angle bracket notation allows for
 # TZ='<GMT-4>+4'; if you want time zone abbreviations conforming to
--- a/contrib/tzdata/europe
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/europe
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 #	</a> (1998-09-21, in Portuguese)

 #
-# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
+# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table;
 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
 # Corrections are welcome!
 #                   std dst  2dst
@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
 # and a sketch map showing some of the sightlines involved. One paragraph
 # of the text said:
 #
-# `An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands
+# 'An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands
 # beside the river at Kew. In the 18th century, before time and longitude
 # was standardised by the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, scholars observed
 # this stone and the movement of stars from Kew Observatory nearby. They
@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
 # From Paul Eggert (2003-09-27):
 # Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857-1915),
 # a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society
-# who circulated a pamphlet ``The Waste of Daylight'' (1907)
+# who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907)
 # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April,
 # and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September.
 # A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times,
@ -165,10 +165,10 @@
 #	</a>

 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
-# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said ``Daylight Saving''
+# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving"
 # when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this
 # term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the
-# proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using ``Summer''.
+# proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer".

 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19):
 #
@ -208,9 +208,9 @@
 # which could not be said to run counter to any official description.

 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
-# Howse writes (p 157) `DBST' too, but `BDST' seems to have been common
+# Howse writes (p 157) 'DBST' too, but 'BDST' seems to have been common
 # and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first,
-# so we use `BDST'.
+# so we use 'BDST'.

 # Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length
 # the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom.
@ -431,6 +431,8 @@ Rule	GB-Eire 1981	1989	-	Oct	Sun>=23	1:00u	0	GMT
 Rule	GB-Eire 1990	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=22	1:00u	0	GMT
 # Summer Time Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/2982)
 # See EU for rules starting in 1996.
+#
+# Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man.

 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/London	-0:01:15 -	LMT	1847 Dec  1 0:00s
@ -797,7 +799,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Brussels	0:17:30 -	LMT	1880
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT

 # Bosnia and Herzegovina
-# see Serbia
+# See Europe/Belgrade.

 # Bulgaria
 #
@ -825,10 +827,10 @@ Zone	Europe/Sofia	1:33:16 -	LMT	1880
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT

 # Croatia
-# see Serbia
+# See Europe/Belgrade.

 # Cyprus
-# Please see the `asia' file for Asia/Nicosia.
+# Please see the 'asia' file for Asia/Nicosia.

 # Czech Republic
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
@ -845,6 +847,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Prague	0:57:44 -	LMT	1850
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Sep 17 2:00s
 			1:00	Czech	CE%sT	1979
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+# Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia.

 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland

@ -1008,12 +1011,12 @@ Zone America/Thule	-4:35:08 -	LMT	1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base
 # From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28):
 # [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s,
 # but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:]
-# ``I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different
+# "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different
 # (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules
 # conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia....
 # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on
 # human physiology.  It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to
-# summer time next spring.''
+# summer time next spring."

 # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited:
 # <a href="http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390">
@ -1068,7 +1071,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Tallinn	1:39:00	-	LMT	1880
 # Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one,
 # and it's supposed to change at 4am...

-# From Janne Snabb (2010-0715):
+# From Janne Snabb (2010-07-15):
 #
 # I noticed that the Finland data is not accurate for years 1981 and 1982.
 # During these two first trial years the DST adjustment was made one hour
@ -1125,7 +1128,7 @@ Link	Europe/Helsinki	Europe/Mariehamn


 #
-# Shank & Pottenger seem to use `24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman.
+# Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman.
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	France	1916	only	-	Jun	14	23:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	France	1916	1919	-	Oct	Sun>=1	23:00s	0	-
@ -1415,7 +1418,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik	-1:27:24 -	LMT	1837
 # <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html">
 # Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03)
 # </a>
-# (`FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute
+# ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute
 # publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows:
 #
 # year	FP	Shanks&P. (S)	Whitman (W)	Go with:
@ -1561,10 +1564,22 @@ Zone	Europe/Riga	1:36:24	-	LMT	1880
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT

 # Liechtenstein
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/Vaduz	0:38:04 -	LMT	1894 Jun
-			1:00	-	CET	1981
-			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich.
+
+# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-18):
+# http://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/LIJ/1978/1938-1978/1941.pdf
+# ... confirms on p. 6 that Liechtenstein followed Switzerland in 1941 and 1942.
+# I ... translate only the last two paragraphs:
+#    ... during second world war, in the years 1941 and 1942, Liechtenstein
+#    introduced daylight saving time, adapting to Switzerland.  From 1943 on
+#    central European time was in force throughout the year.
+#    From a report of the duke's government to the high council,
+#    regarding the introduction of a time law, of 31 May 1977.
+
+Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
+

 # Lithuania

@ -1652,7 +1667,7 @@ Zone Europe/Luxembourg	0:24:36 -	LMT	1904 Jun
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT

 # Macedonia
-# see Serbia
+# See Europe/Belgrade.

 # Malta
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
@ -1745,7 +1760,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Monaco	0:29:32 -	LMT	1891 Mar 15
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT

 # Montenegro
-# see Serbia
+# See Europe/Belgrade.

 # Netherlands

@ -1860,7 +1875,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Oslo	0:43:00 -	LMT	1895 Jan  1
 # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere
 # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive).

-# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-01):
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04):
 #
 # Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II,
 # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was
@ -1871,7 +1886,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Oslo	0:43:00 -	LMT	1895 Jan  1
 # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite
 # frequent air ttacks from Germans.  In 1943 the Americans established a
 # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City".  Possibly
-# the UTC offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that
+# the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that
 # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules.
 #
 # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an
@ -1884,9 +1899,8 @@ Zone	Europe/Oslo	0:43:00 -	LMT	1895 Jan  1
 # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named
 # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945.
 #
-# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970.  Unless we can
-# come up with more definitive info about the timekeeping during the
-# war years it's probably best just do...the following for now:
+# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo
+# for these regions.
 Link	Europe/Oslo	Arctic/Longyearbyen

 # Poland
@ -2144,7 +2158,7 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest	1:44:24 -	LMT	1891 Oct
 # so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch.
 #
 # From Andrey A. Chernov (1996-10-04):
-# `MSK' and `MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with
+# 'MSK' and 'MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with
 # UNIX-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group)....
 # The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor
 # (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there.
@ -2443,6 +2457,9 @@ Zone Asia/Anadyr	11:49:56 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			11:00	Russia	ANA%sT	2011 Mar 27 2:00s
 			12:00	-	ANAT

+# San Marino
+# See Europe/Rome.
+
 # Serbia
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Belgrade	1:22:00	-	LMT	1884
@ -2465,7 +2482,7 @@ Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb	# Croatia
 Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava

 # Slovenia
-# see Serbia
+# See Europe/Belgrade.

 # Spain
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
@ -2599,7 +2616,7 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm	1:12:12 -	LMT	1879 Jan  1
 # and their performance improved enormously.  Communities began to keep
 # mean time in preference to apparent time -- Geneva from 1780 ....
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-# From Whitman (who writes ``Midnight?''):
+# From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"):
 # Rule	Swiss	1940	only	-	Nov	 2	0:00	1:00	S
 # Rule	Swiss	1940	only	-	Dec	31	0:00	0	-
 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
@ -2644,23 +2661,53 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm	1:12:12 -	LMT	1879 Jan  1
 # The 1940 rules must be deleted.
 #
 # One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for
-# most users of tzdata:
-# The zone file
-# Zone    Europe/Zurich   0:34:08 -       LMT     1848 Sep 12
-#                          0:29:44 -       BMT     1894 Jun #Bern Mean Time
-#                          1:00    Swiss   CE%sT   1981
-#                          1:00    EU      CE%sT
+# most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ...
 # describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of
 # the Cantone Geneve (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneve did not
 # follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time.
 # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed.
+#
+# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11):
+# The Federal regulations say
+# http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html
+# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26'22.50".
+# Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s.
+
+# From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11):
+# the "Circulaire du conseil federal" (December 11 1893)
+# <http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353> ...
+# clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight
+# but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one
+# hour before the beginning of service.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-11):
+# Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46.
+#
+# We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland
+# except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12.  This book:
+#
+#	Jakob Messerli. Gleichmassig, punktlich, schnell: Zeiteinteilung und
+#	Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995,
+#	ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797.
+#
+# suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not
+# agree about civil time during the transition.  The timekeeping it gives the
+# most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the
+# "Bundesgesetz uber die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on
+# 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16
+# (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859).  On p 72 Messerli writes that in
+# practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph
+# offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso"
+# (Google translation).  For now, model this transition as occurring on
+# 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and
+# legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date.

 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	May	Mon>=1	1:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	Oct	Mon>=1	2:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/Zurich	0:34:08 -	LMT	1848 Sep 12
-			0:29:44	-	BMT	1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time
+Zone	Europe/Zurich	0:34:08 -	LMT	1853 Jul 16 # See above comment.
+			0:29:46	-	BMT	1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time
 			1:00	Swiss	CE%sT	1981
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT

@ -2884,7 +2931,7 @@ Zone Europe/Simferopol	2:16:24 -	LMT	1880
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
 # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched
 # from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections.
-# Shanks (1999) says ``date of change uncertain'', but implies that it happened
+# Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened
 # sometime between the 1994 DST switches.  Shanks & Pottenger simply say
 # 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right.  For now, guess it
 # changed in May.
@ -2898,6 +2945,9 @@ Zone Europe/Simferopol	2:16:24 -	LMT	1880
 			3:00	-	MSK	1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT

+# Vatican City
+# See Europe/Rome.
+
 ###############################################################################

 # One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from
--- a/contrib/tzdata/leap-seconds.list
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/leap-seconds.list
@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+#
+#	In the following text, the symbol '#' introduces
+#	a comment, which continues from that symbol until 
+#	the end of the line. A plain comment line has a
+#	whitespace character following the comment indicator.
+#	There are also special comment lines defined below. 
+#	A special comment will always have a non-whitespace 
+#	character in column 2.
+#
+#	A blank line should be ignored.
+#
+#	The following table shows the corrections that must
+#	be applied to compute International Atomic Time (TAI)
+#	from the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) values that
+#	are transmitted by almost all time services.
+#
+#	The first column shows an epoch as a number of seconds
+#	since 1900.0 and the second column shows the number of
+#	seconds that must be added to UTC to compute TAI for
+#	any timestamp at or after that epoch. The value on 
+#	each line is valid from the indicated initial instant
+#	until the epoch given on the next one or indefinitely 
+#	into the future if there is no next line.
+#	(The comment on each line shows the representation of
+#	the corresponding initial epoch in the usual 
+#	day-month-year format. The epoch always begins at
+#	00:00:00 UTC on the indicated day. See Note 5 below.)
+#	
+#	Important notes:
+#
+#	1. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is often referred to
+#	as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). The GMT time scale is no
+#	longer used, and the use of GMT to designate UTC is
+#	discouraged.
+#
+#	2. The UTC time scale is realized by many national 
+#	laboratories and timing centers. Each laboratory
+#	identifies its realization with its name: Thus
+#	UTC(NIST), UTC(USNO), etc. The differences among
+#	these different realizations are typically on the
+#	order of a few nanoseconds (i.e., 0.000 000 00x s)
+#	and can be ignored for many purposes. These differences
+#	are tabulated in Circular T, which is published monthly
+#	by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures
+#	(BIPM). See www.bipm.fr for more information.
+#
+#	3. The current defintion of the relationship between UTC 
+#	and TAI dates from 1 January 1972. A number of different 
+#	time scales were in use before than epoch, and it can be 
+#	quite difficult to compute precise timestamps and time 
+#	intervals in those "prehistoric" days. For more information,
+#	consult:
+#
+#		The Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical
+#		Ephemeris.
+#	or
+#		Terry Quinn, "The BIPM and the Accurate Measurement
+#		of Time," Proc. of the IEEE, Vol. 79, pp. 894-905,
+#		July, 1991.
+#
+#	4.  The insertion of leap seconds into UTC is currently the
+#	responsibility of the International Earth Rotation Service,
+#	which is located at the Paris Observatory: 
+#
+#	Central Bureau of IERS
+#	61, Avenue de l'Observatoire
+#	75014 Paris, France.
+#
+#	Leap seconds are announced by the IERS in its Bulletin C
+#
+#	See hpiers.obspm.fr or www.iers.org for more details.
+#
+#	All national laboratories and timing centers use the
+#	data from the BIPM and the IERS to construct their
+#	local realizations of UTC.
+#
+#	Although the definition also includes the possibility
+#	of dropping seconds ("negative" leap seconds), this has 
+#	never been done and is unlikely to be necessary in the 
+#	foreseeable future.
+#
+#	5. If your system keeps time as the number of seconds since
+#	some epoch (e.g., NTP timestamps), then the algorithm for
+#	assigning a UTC time stamp to an event that happens during a positive
+#	leap second is not well defined. The official name of that leap 
+#	second is 23:59:60, but there is no way of representing that time 
+#	in these systems. 
+#	Many systems of this type effectively stop the system clock for 
+#	one second during the leap second and use a time that is equivalent 
+#	to 23:59:59 UTC twice. For these systems, the corresponding TAI 
+#	timestamp would be obtained by advancing to the next entry in the
+#	following table when the time equivalent to 23:59:59 UTC
+#	is used for the second time. Thus the leap second which
+#	occurred on 30 June 1972 at 23:59:59 UTC would have TAI
+#	timestamps computed as follows:
+#
+#	...
+#	30 June 1972 23:59:59 (2287785599, first time):	TAI= UTC + 10 seconds
+#	30 June 1972 23:59:60 (2287785599,second time):	TAI= UTC + 11 seconds
+#	1  July 1972 00:00:00 (2287785600)		TAI= UTC + 11 seconds
+#	...
+#
+#	If your system realizes the leap second by repeating 00:00:00 UTC twice
+#	(this is possible but not usual), then the advance to the next entry
+#	in the table must occur the second time that a time equivlent to 
+#	00:00:00 UTC is used. Thus, using the same example as above:
+#
+#	...
+#       30 June 1972 23:59:59 (2287785599):		TAI= UTC + 10 seconds
+#       30 June 1972 23:59:60 (2287785600, first time):	TAI= UTC + 10 seconds
+#       1  July 1972 00:00:00 (2287785600,second time):	TAI= UTC + 11 seconds
+#	...
+#
+#	in both cases the use of timestamps based on TAI produces a smooth
+#	time scale with no discontinuity in the time interval.
+#
+#	This complexity would not be needed for negative leap seconds (if they 
+#	are ever used). The UTC time would skip 23:59:59 and advance from 
+#	23:59:58 to 00:00:00 in that case.  The TAI offset would decrease by 
+#	1 second at the same instant.  This is a much easier situation to deal 
+#	with, since the difficulty of unambiguously representing the epoch 
+#	during the leap second does not arise.
+#
+#	Questions or comments to:
+#		Judah Levine
+#		Time and Frequency Division
+#		NIST
+#		Boulder, Colorado
+#		jlevine@boulder.nist.gov
+#
+#	Last Update of leap second values:   11 January 2012
+#
+#	The following line shows this last update date in NTP timestamp 
+#	format. This is the date on which the most recent change to
+#	the leap second data was added to the file. This line can
+#	be identified by the unique pair of characters in the first two 
+#	columns as shown below.
+#
+#$	 3535228800
+#
+#	The NTP timestamps are in units of seconds since the NTP epoch,
+#	which is 1900.0. The Modified Julian Day number corresponding
+#	to the NTP time stamp, X, can be computed as 
+#
+#	X/86400 + 15020
+#
+#	where the first term converts seconds to days and the second 
+#	term adds the MJD corresponding to 1900.0. The integer portion
+#	of the result is the integer MJD for that day, and any remainder
+#	is the time of day, expressed as the fraction of the day since 0 
+#	hours UTC. The conversion from day fraction to seconds or to
+#	hours, minutes, and seconds may involve rounding or truncation,
+#	depending on the method used in the computation.
+#
+#	The data in this file will be updated periodically as new leap 
+#	seconds are announced. In addition to being entered on the line
+#	above, the update time (in NTP format) will be added to the basic 
+#	file name leap-seconds to form the name leap-seconds.<NTP TIME>.
+#	In addition, the generic name leap-seconds.list will always point to 
+#	the most recent version of the file.
+#
+#	This update procedure will be performed only when a new leap second
+#	is announced. 
+#
+#	The following entry specifies the expiration date of the data
+#	in this file in units of seconds since 1900.0.  This expiration date 
+#	will be changed at least twice per year whether or not a new leap 
+#	second is announced. These semi-annual changes will be made no
+#	later than 1 June and 1 December of each year to indicate what
+#	action (if any) is to be taken on 30 June and 31 December, 
+#	respectively. (These are the customary effective dates for new
+#	leap seconds.) This expiration date will be identified by a
+#	unique pair of characters in columns 1 and 2 as shown below.
+#	In the unlikely event that a leap second is announced with an 
+#	effective date other than 30 June or 31 December, then this
+#	file will be edited to include that leap second as soon as it is
+#	announced or at least one month before the effective date
+#	(whichever is later). 
+#	If an announcement by the IERS specifies that no leap second is 
+#	scheduled, then only the expiration date of the file will 
+#	be advanced to show that the information in the file is still
+#	current -- the update time stamp, the data and the name of the file 
+#	will not change.
+#
+#	Updated through IERS Bulletin C46
+#	File expires on:  28 June 2014
+#
+#@	3612902400
+#
+2272060800	10	# 1 Jan 1972
+2287785600	11	# 1 Jul 1972
+2303683200	12	# 1 Jan 1973
+2335219200	13	# 1 Jan 1974
+2366755200	14	# 1 Jan 1975
+2398291200	15	# 1 Jan 1976
+2429913600	16	# 1 Jan 1977
+2461449600	17	# 1 Jan 1978
+2492985600	18	# 1 Jan 1979
+2524521600	19	# 1 Jan 1980
+2571782400	20	# 1 Jul 1981
+2603318400	21	# 1 Jul 1982
+2634854400	22	# 1 Jul 1983
+2698012800	23	# 1 Jul 1985
+2776982400	24	# 1 Jan 1988
+2840140800	25	# 1 Jan 1990
+2871676800	26	# 1 Jan 1991
+2918937600	27	# 1 Jul 1992
+2950473600	28	# 1 Jul 1993
+2982009600	29	# 1 Jul 1994
+3029443200	30	# 1 Jan 1996
+3076704000	31	# 1 Jul 1997
+3124137600	32	# 1 Jan 1999
+3345062400	33	# 1 Jan 2006
+3439756800	34	# 1 Jan 2009
+3550089600	35	# 1 Jul 2012
+#
+#	the following special comment contains the
+#	hash value of the data in this file computed
+#	use the secure hash algorithm as specified
+#	by FIPS 180-1. See the files in ~/pub/sha for
+#	the details of how this hash value is
+#	computed. Note that the hash computation
+#	ignores comments and whitespace characters
+#	in data lines. It includes the NTP values
+#	of both the last modification time and the 
+#	expiration time of the file, but not the
+#	white space on those lines.
+#	the hash line is also ignored in the
+#	computation.
+#
+#h	1151a8f e85a5069 9000fcdb 3d5e5365 1d505b37
--- a/contrib/tzdata/northamerica
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/northamerica
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
-# His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
+# His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
 # in New York City (1869-10).  His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
@ -40,8 +40,8 @@

 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
-# in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
-# of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
+# in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
+# of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
 #
 #	I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
@ -167,8 +167,8 @@ Zone	PST8PDT		 -8:00	US	P%sT
 #    of the Aleutian islands.   No DST.

 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
-# The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
-# I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
+# The tables below use 'NST', not 'NT', for Nome Standard Time.
+# I invented 'CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.

 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
 # USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
@ -237,9 +237,9 @@ Zone	PST8PDT		 -8:00	US	P%sT
 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
 #   (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
 #   U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
-#     (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
+#     (1) by striking 'first Sunday of April' and inserting 'second
 #     Sunday of March'; and
-#     (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
+#     (2) by striking 'last Sunday of October' and inserting 'first
 #     Sunday of November'.
 #   (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
 #   date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
@ -600,6 +600,8 @@ Zone Pacific/Honolulu	-10:31:26 -	LMT	1896 Jan 13 12:00 #Schmitt&Cox
 			-10:30	-	HST	1947 Jun  8 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2
 			-10:00	-	HST

+Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
+
 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.

 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
@ -636,8 +638,9 @@ Zone America/Phoenix	-7:28:18 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
 # large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other
 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
-
-Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
+# See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.

 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
@ -677,13 +680,13 @@ Zone America/Boise	-7:44:49 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
 #   and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
 #
 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
-# and wrote ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
+# and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
 # Those Hoosiers!  Such a flighty and changeable people!
 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
 #
 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
-# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
-# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
+# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
+# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.

 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
@ -947,8 +950,8 @@ Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
-# Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
-# one hour in 1914.''  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more
+# Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
+# one hour in 1914."  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more
 # info, so omit this for now.
 #
 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
@ -988,7 +991,7 @@ Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00
 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
 # currently uninhabited
-# see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
+# see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).

@ -1022,7 +1025,7 @@ Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00
 #	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
 #	<http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
 #
-# See the `europe' file for Greenland.
+# See the 'europe' file for Greenland.

 # Canada

@ -1223,7 +1226,7 @@ Zone America/St_Johns	-3:30:52 -	LMT	1884

 # most of east Labrador

-# The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
+# The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Goose_Bay	-4:01:40 -	LMT	1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
 			-3:30:52 -	NST	1918
@ -1340,25 +1343,27 @@ Zone America/Moncton	-4:19:08 -	LMT	1883 Dec  9

 # Quebec

-# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
-# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Quebec has been
-# like Montreal.
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-30):
+# Since 1970 most of Quebec has been like Toronto.
+# However, because earlier versions of the tz database mistakenly relied on data
+# from Shanks & Pottenger saying that Quebec differed from Ontario after 1970,
+# a separate entry was created for most of Quebec.  We're loath to lose
+# its pre-1970 info, even though the tz database is normally limited to
+# zones that differ after 1970, so keep this otherwise out-of-scope entry.

-# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
-# In "Official time in Quebec" the Quebec department of justice writes in
-# http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-regl-1-a.htm
-# that "The residents of the Municipality of the
-# Cote-Nord-du-Golfe-Saint-Laurent and the municipalities of Saint-Augustin,
-# Bonne-Esperance and Blanc-Sablon apply the Official Time Act as it is
-# written and use Atlantic standard time all year round. The same applies to
-# the residents of the Native facilities along the lower North Shore."
-# <http://www.assnat.qc.ca/eng/37legislature2/Projets-loi/Publics/06-a002.htm>
+# The Quebec department of justice writes in
+# "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Cote-Nord"
+# http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
+# that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
+# observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
+# http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
+# for post-1970 data America/Puerto_Rico.

 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Mont	1917	only	-	Mar	25	2:00	1:00	D
@ -1402,7 +1407,6 @@ Zone America/Montreal	-4:54:16 -	LMT	1884
 			-5:00	Mont	E%sT	1974
 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT

-
 # Ontario

 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
@ -1621,7 +1625,7 @@ Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 -	LMT	1895
 			-6:00	-	CST	1910
 			-5:00	-	EST	1942
 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1970
-			-5:00	Mont	E%sT	1973
+			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1973
 			-5:00	-	EST	1974
 			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
 Zone America/Nipigon	-5:53:04 -	LMT	1895
@ -2208,7 +2212,7 @@ Zone America/Dawson	-9:17:40 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
 # For an English translation of the decree, see
 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
-# ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
+# "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
 # </a>

 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
@ -2545,9 +2549,7 @@ Zone America/Santa_Isabel	-7:39:28 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:20:32
 ###############################################################################

 # Anguilla
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/Anguilla	-4:12:16 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
-			-4:00	-	AST
+# See 'southamerica'.

 # Antigua and Barbuda
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@ -2616,13 +2618,13 @@ Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:18 -	LMT	1930 Jan  1 2:00    # Hamilton
 			-4:00	-	AST	1974 Apr 28 2:00
-			-4:00	Bahamas	A%sT	1976
+			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1976
 			-4:00	US	A%sT

 # Cayman Is
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Cayman	-5:25:32 -	LMT	1890		# Georgetown
-			-5:07:12 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
+			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
 			-5:00	-	EST

 # Costa Rica
@ -2637,7 +2639,7 @@ Rule	CR	1991	1992	-	Jan	Sat>=15	0:00	1:00	D
 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
 Rule	CR	1991	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	0	S
 Rule	CR	1992	only	-	Mar	15	0:00	0	S
-# There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
+# There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:13 -	LMT	1890		# San Jose
 			-5:36:13 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
@ -2869,9 +2871,7 @@ Zone	America/Havana	-5:29:28 -	LMT	1890
 			-5:00	Cuba	C%sT

 # Dominica
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/Dominica	-4:05:36 -	LMT	1911 Jul 1 0:01		# Roseau
-			-4:00	-	AST
+# See 'southamerica'.

 # Dominican Republic

@ -2920,18 +2920,10 @@ Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 -	LMT	1921		# San Salvador
 			-6:00	Salv	C%sT

 # Grenada
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	America/Grenada	-4:07:00 -	LMT	1911 Jul	# St George's
-			-4:00	-	AST
-
 # Guadeloupe
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/Guadeloupe	-4:06:08 -	LMT	1911 Jun 8	# Pointe a Pitre
-			-4:00	-	AST
 # St Barthelemy
-Link America/Guadeloupe	America/St_Barthelemy
 # St Martin (French part)
-Link America/Guadeloupe	America/Marigot
+# See 'southamerica'.

 # Guatemala
 #
@ -3074,17 +3066,12 @@ Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -	LMT	1921 Apr
 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972

 # Jamaica
-
-# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
-# Follows US rules.
-
-# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
-# JAMAICA             5 H  BEHIND UTC
-
-# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+# Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
+# unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
+# island".  Go with Milne.  Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:12 -	LMT	1890		# Kingston
-			-5:07:12 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
+Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:11 -	LMT	1890		# Kingston
+			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
 			-5:00	-	EST	1974 Apr 28 2:00
 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1984
 			-5:00	-	EST
@ -3098,12 +3085,7 @@ Zone America/Martinique	-4:04:20 -      LMT	1890		# Fort-de-France
 			-4:00	-	AST

 # Montserrat
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
-# world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/Montserrat	-4:08:52 -	LMT	1911 Jul 1 0:01   # Cork Hill
-			-4:00	-	AST
+# See 'southamerica'.

 # Nicaragua
 #
@ -3177,7 +3159,7 @@ Zone	America/Panama	-5:18:08 -	LMT	1890
 			-5:00	-	EST

 # Puerto Rico
-# There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
+# There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00    # San Juan
 			-4:00	-	AST	1942 May  3
@ -3185,18 +3167,11 @@ Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00    # San Juan
 			-4:00	-	AST

 # St Kitts-Nevis
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/St_Kitts	-4:10:52 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2	# Basseterre
-			-4:00	-	AST
-
 # St Lucia
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/St_Lucia	-4:04:00 -	LMT	1890		# Castries
-			-4:04:00 -	CMT	1912	    # Castries Mean Time
-			-4:00	-	AST
+# See 'southamerica'.

 # St Pierre and Miquelon
-# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
+# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Miquelon	-3:44:40 -	LMT	1911 May 15	# St Pierre
 			-4:00	-	AST	1980 May
@ -3204,10 +3179,7 @@ Zone America/Miquelon	-3:44:40 -	LMT	1911 May 15	# St Pierre
 			-3:00	Canada	PM%sT

 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/St_Vincent	-4:04:56 -	LMT	1890		# Kingstown
-			-4:04:56 -	KMT	1912	   # Kingstown Mean Time
-			-4:00	-	AST
+# See 'southamerica'.

 # Turks and Caicos
 #
@ -3237,15 +3209,9 @@ Rule	TC	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	TC	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Grand_Turk	-4:44:32 -	LMT	1890
-			-5:07:12 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
+			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
 			-5:00	TC	E%sT

 # British Virgin Is
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/Tortola	-4:18:28 -	LMT	1911 Jul    # Road Town
-			-4:00	-	AST
-
 # Virgin Is
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/St_Thomas	-4:19:44 -	LMT	1911 Jul    # Charlotte Amalie
-			-4:00	-	AST
+# See 'southamerica'.
--- a/contrib/tzdata/southamerica
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/southamerica
@ -451,6 +451,17 @@ Rule	Arg	2008	only	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
 # rules...San Luis is still using "Western ARgentina Time" and it got
 # stuck on Summer daylight savings time even though the summer is over.

+# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-05):
+# Perhaps San Luis operates on the legal fiction that it is at UTC-4
+# with perpetual summer time, but ordinary usage typically seems to
+# just say it's at UTC-3; see, for example,
+# <http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hora_oficial_argentina>.
+# We've documented similar situations as being plain changes to
+# standard time, so let's do that here too.  This does not change UTC
+# offsets, only tm_isdst and the time zone abbreviations.  One minor
+# plus is that this silences a zic complaint that there's no POSIX TZ
+# setting for time stamps past 2038.
+
 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
 # Milne says Cordoba time was -4:16:48.2.  Round to the nearest second.

@ -588,7 +599,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 # San Luis (SL)

 Rule	SanLuis	2008	2009	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00	0	-
-Rule	SanLuis	2007	2009	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	S
+Rule	SanLuis	2007	2008	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	S

 Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
@ -604,7 +615,8 @@ Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 			-3:00	-	ART	2004 May 31
 			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jul 25
 			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	2008 Jan 21
-			-4:00	SanLuis	WAR%sT
+			-4:00	SanLuis	WAR%sT	2009 Oct 11
+			-3:00	-	ART
 #
 # Santa Cruz (SC)
 Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
@ -631,10 +643,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
 			-3:00	-	ART

 # Aruba
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	America/Aruba	-4:40:24 -	LMT	1912 Feb 12	# Oranjestad
-			-4:30	-	ANT	1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
-			-4:00	-	AST
+Link America/Curacao America/Aruba

 # Bolivia
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@ -836,6 +845,21 @@ Zone	America/La_Paz	-4:32:36 -	LMT	1890
 # Tocantins state will have DST.
 # http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI6232536-EI306.html

+# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-20):
+# Tocantins in Brazil is very likely not to observe DST from October....
+# http://conexaoto.com.br/2013/09/18/ministerio-confirma-que-tocantins-esta-fora-do-horario-de-verao-em-2013-mas-falta-publicacao-de-decreto
+# We will keep this article updated when this is confirmed:
+# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-starts-dst-2013.html
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-10-17):
+# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/acre-amazonas-change-time-zone.html
+# Senator Jorge Viana announced that Acre will change time zone on November 10.
+# He did not specify the time of the change, nor if western parts of Amazonas
+# will change as well.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-17):
+# For now, assume western Amazonas will change as well.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
@ -1055,7 +1079,8 @@ Zone America/Araguaina	-3:12:48 -	LMT	1914
 			-3:00	-	BRT	1995 Sep 14
 			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2003 Sep 24
 			-3:00	-	BRT	2012 Oct 21
-			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT
+			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2013 Sep
+			-3:00	-	BRT
 #
 # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
 Zone America/Maceio	-2:22:52 -	LMT	1914
@ -1123,13 +1148,15 @@ Zone America/Eirunepe	-4:39:28 -	LMT	1914
 			-5:00	-	ACT	1993 Sep 28
 			-5:00	Brazil	AC%sT	1994 Sep 22
 			-5:00	-	ACT	2008 Jun 24 00:00
-			-4:00	-	AMT
+			-4:00	-	AMT	2013 Nov 10
+			-5:00	-	ACT
 #
 # Acre (AC)
 Zone America/Rio_Branco	-4:31:12 -	LMT	1914
 			-5:00	Brazil	AC%sT	1988 Sep 12
 			-5:00	-	ACT	2008 Jun 24 00:00
-			-4:00	-	AMT
+			-4:00	-	AMT	2013 Nov 10
+			-5:00	-	ACT

 # Chile

@ -1350,12 +1377,12 @@ Zone	America/Curacao	-4:35:47 -	LMT	1912 Feb 12	# Willemstad
 			-4:00	-	AST

 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
-# At least for now, use links for places with new iso3166 codes.
+# use links for places with new iso3166 codes.
 # The name "Lower Prince's Quarter" is both longer than fourteen charaters
 # and contains an apostrophe; use "Lower_Princes" below.

-Link	America/Curacao	America/Lower_Princes # Sint Maarten
-Link	America/Curacao	America/Kralendijk # Bonaire, Sint Estatius and Saba
+Link	America/Curacao	America/Lower_Princes	# Sint Maarten
+Link	America/Curacao	America/Kralendijk	# Caribbean Netherlands

 # Ecuador
 #
@ -1496,10 +1523,16 @@ Zone	America/Guyana	-3:52:40 -	LMT	1915 Mar	# Georgetown
 			-4:00	-	GYT

 # Paraguay
+#
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
 # Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
 # and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00.  Go with pre-1999
 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
+#
+# From Waldemar Villamayor-Venialbo (2013-09-20):
+# No time of the day is established for the adjustment, so people normally
+# adjust their clocks at 0 hour of the given dates.
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Para	1975	1988	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Para	1975	1978	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
@ -1633,6 +1666,19 @@ Zone America/Paramaribo	-3:40:40 -	LMT	1911
 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
 			-4:00	-	AST

+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Anguilla
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Dominica
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Grenada
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Guadeloupe
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Marigot
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Montserrat
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Barthelemy
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Kitts
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Lucia
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Thomas
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Vincent
+Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Tortola
+
 # Uruguay
 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
@ -1650,7 +1696,7 @@ Rule	Uruguay	1937	1941	-	Mar	lastSun	 0:00	0	-
 # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
 Rule	Uruguay	1937	1940	-	Oct	lastSun	 0:00	0:30	HS
 # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
-# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# and 1943 Apr 13 "to present time"; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
 Rule	Uruguay	1941	only	-	Aug	 1	 0:00	0:30	HS
 Rule	Uruguay	1942	only	-	Jan	 1	 0:00	0	-
 Rule	Uruguay	1942	only	-	Dec	14	 0:00	1:00	S
--- a/contrib/tzdata/zone.tab
+++ b/contrib/tzdata/zone.tab
@ -3,27 +3,31 @@
 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2013-05-27):
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-14):
 #
-# This file contains a table with the following columns:
-# 1.  ISO 3166 2-character country code.  See /usr/share/misc/iso3166.
-#     This identifies a country that overlaps the zone.  The country may
-#     overlap other zones and the zone may overlap other countries.
-# 2.  Latitude and longitude of the zone's principal location
+# This file contains a table where each row stands for an area that is
+# the intersection of a region identified by a country code and of a
+# zone where civil clocks have agreed since 1970.  The columns of the
+# table are as follows:
+#
+# 1.  ISO 3166 2-character country code.
+#     See the file '/usr/share/misc/iso3166.tab'.
+# 2.  Latitude and longitude of the area's principal location
 #     in ISO 6709 sign-degrees-minutes-seconds format,
 #     either +-DDMM+-DDDMM or +-DDMMSS+-DDDMMSS,
 #     first latitude (+ is north), then longitude (+ is east).
-#     This location need not lie within the column-1 country.
 # 3.  Zone name used in value of TZ environment variable.
 #     Please see the 'Theory' file for how zone names are chosen.
+#     If multiple zones overlap a country, each has a row in the
+#     table, with column 1 being duplicated.
 # 4.  Comments; present if and only if the country has multiple rows.
 #
 # Columns are separated by a single tab.
 # The table is sorted first by country, then an order within the country that
 # (1) makes some geographical sense, and
-# (2) puts the most populous zones first, where that does not contradict (1).
+# (2) puts the most populous areas first, where that does not contradict (1).
 #
-# Lines beginning with `#' are comments.
+# Lines beginning with '#' are comments.
 #
 # This table is intended as an aid for users, to help them select time
 # zone data appropriate for their practical needs.  It is not intended
@ -39,8 +43,7 @@ AI	+1812-06304	America/Anguilla
 AL	+4120+01950	Europe/Tirane
 AM	+4011+04430	Asia/Yerevan
 AO	-0848+01314	Africa/Luanda
-AQ	-7750+16636	Antarctica/McMurdo	McMurdo Station, Ross Island
-AQ	-9000+00000	Antarctica/South_Pole	Amundsen-Scott Station, South Pole
+AQ	-7750+16636	Antarctica/McMurdo	McMurdo, South Pole, Scott (New Zealand time)
 AQ	-6734-06808	Antarctica/Rothera	Rothera Station, Adelaide Island
 AQ	-6448-06406	Antarctica/Palmer	Palmer Station, Anvers Island
 AQ	-6736+06253	Antarctica/Mawson	Mawson Station, Holme Bay
@ -120,8 +123,7 @@ CA	+4612-05957	America/Glace_Bay	Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia - places that did n
 CA	+4606-06447	America/Moncton	Atlantic Time - New Brunswick
 CA	+5320-06025	America/Goose_Bay	Atlantic Time - Labrador - most locations
 CA	+5125-05707	America/Blanc-Sablon	Atlantic Standard Time - Quebec - Lower North Shore
-CA	+4531-07334	America/Montreal	Eastern Time - Quebec - most locations
-CA	+4339-07923	America/Toronto	Eastern Time - Ontario - most locations
+CA	+4339-07923	America/Toronto	Eastern Time - Ontario & Quebec - most locations
 CA	+4901-08816	America/Nipigon	Eastern Time - Ontario & Quebec - places that did not observe DST 1967-1973
 CA	+4823-08915	America/Thunder_Bay	Eastern Time - Thunder Bay, Ontario
 CA	+6344-06828	America/Iqaluit	Eastern Time - east Nunavut - most locations
@ -232,7 +234,7 @@ IR	+3540+05126	Asia/Tehran
 IS	+6409-02151	Atlantic/Reykjavik
 IT	+4154+01229	Europe/Rome
 JE	+4912-00207	Europe/Jersey
-JM	+1800-07648	America/Jamaica
+JM	+175805-0764736	America/Jamaica
 JO	+3157+03556	Asia/Amman
 JP	+353916+1394441	Asia/Tokyo
 KE	-0117+03649	Africa/Nairobi
@ -421,8 +423,7 @@ US	+465042-1012439	America/North_Dakota/New_Salem	Central Time - North Dakota -
 US	+471551-1014640	America/North_Dakota/Beulah	Central Time - North Dakota - Mercer County
 US	+394421-1045903	America/Denver	Mountain Time
 US	+433649-1161209	America/Boise	Mountain Time - south Idaho & east Oregon
-US	+364708-1084111	America/Shiprock	Mountain Time - Navajo
-US	+332654-1120424	America/Phoenix	Mountain Standard Time - Arizona
+US	+332654-1120424	America/Phoenix	Mountain Standard Time - Arizona (except Navajo)
 US	+340308-1181434	America/Los_Angeles	Pacific Time
 US	+611305-1495401	America/Anchorage	Alaska Time
 US	+581807-1342511	America/Juneau	Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle