mdoc(7) police: "The .Fn function".
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@ -78,7 +78,9 @@ The path component to be returned was larger than
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.Dv MAXPATHLEN .
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.El
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.Sh WARNINGS
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The
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.Fn basename
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function
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returns a pointer to internal static storage space that will be overwritten
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by subsequent calls.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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@ -68,7 +68,9 @@ file
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.Aq Pa stdio.h )
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bytes long.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn ctermid_r
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function
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provides the same functionality as
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.Fn ctermid
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except that if
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@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ in a human-readable format.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn devname
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function call appeared in
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function appeared in
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.Bx 4.4 .
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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@ -95,7 +95,9 @@ upon reaching the end of the directory or detecting an invalid
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.Fn seekdir
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operation.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn readdir_r
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function
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provides the same functionality as
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.Fn readdir ,
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but the caller must provide a directory
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@ -108,7 +110,9 @@ upon reaching the end of the directory
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.Fa result
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is set to
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.Dv NULL .
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The
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.Fn readdir_r
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function
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returns 0 on success or an error number to indicate failure.
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.Pp
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The
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@ -78,7 +78,9 @@ The path component to be returned was larger than
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.Dv MAXPATHLEN .
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.El
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.Sh WARNINGS
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The
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.Fn dirname
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function
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returns a pointer to internal static storage space that will be overwritten
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by subsequent calls (each function has its own separate storage).
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.Pp
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@ -38,7 +38,9 @@
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.Ft int
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.Fn dladdr "const void *addr" "Dl_info *info"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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The
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.Fn dladdr
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function
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queries the dynamic linker for information about the shared object
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containing the address
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.Fa addr .
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@ -67,13 +69,15 @@ The value of the symbol returned in
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.Li dli_sname .
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.El
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.Pp
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.Nm
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The
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.Fn dladdr
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function
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is available only in dynamically linked programs.
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.Sh ERRORS
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If a mapped shared object containing
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.Fa addr
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cannot be found,
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.Nm
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.Fn dladdr
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returns 0.
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In that case, a message detailing the failure can be retrieved by
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calling
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@ -85,7 +89,7 @@ On success, a non-zero value is returned.
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.Xr dlopen 3
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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.Fn dladdr
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function first appeared in the Solaris operating system.
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.Sh BUGS
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This implementation is bug-compatible with the Solaris
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@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ In current releases it still exists, but only as a stub which does nothing.
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.Ef
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.Pp
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Threads packages can call
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.Nm
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.Fn dllockinit
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at initialization time to register locking functions for the dynamic
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linker to use. This enables the dynamic linker to prevent multiple
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threads from entering its critical sections simultaneously.
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@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ dynamic linker will pass it to the
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function when creating the locks it needs. When the dynamic linker
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is permanently finished using the locking functions (e.g., if the
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program makes a subsequent call to
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.Nm
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.Fn dllockinit
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to register new locking functions) it will call
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.Fa context_destroy
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to destroy the context.
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@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ parameter specifies a function to destroy the context. It may be
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if the context does not need to be destroyed.
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.Pp
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Until
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.Nm
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.Fn dllockinit
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is called, the dynamic linker protects its critical sections using
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a default locking mechanism which works by blocking the
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.Dv SIGVTALRM ,
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@ -100,9 +100,9 @@ signals. This is sufficient for many application level threads
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packages, which typically use one of these signals to implement
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preemption. An application which has registered its own locking
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methods with
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.Nm
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.Fn dllockinit
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can restore the default locking by calling
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.Nm
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.Fn dllockinit
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with all arguments
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.Dv NULL .
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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@ -110,6 +110,6 @@ with all arguments
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.Xr signal 3
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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.Fn dllockinit
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function first appeared in
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.Fx 4.0 .
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@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ program's address space, to obtain the address bindings of symbols
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defined by such
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objects, and to remove such objects when their use is no longer required.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn dlopen
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function
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provides access to the shared object in
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.Fa path ,
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returning a descriptor that can be used for later
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@ -141,7 +143,9 @@ fails, it returns a null pointer, and sets an error condition which may
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be interrogated with
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.Fn dlerror .
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn dlsym
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function
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returns the address binding of the symbol described in the null-terminated
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character string
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.Fa symbol ,
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@ -225,17 +229,23 @@ interface, below, should be used, since
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.Fn getpid
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is a function and not a data object.)
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn dlsym
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function
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returns a null pointer if the symbol cannot be found, and sets an error
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condition which may be queried with
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.Fn dlerror .
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn dlfunc
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function
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implements all of the behavior of
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.Fn dlsym ,
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but has a return type which can be cast to a function pointer without
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triggering compiler diagnostics.
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.Fn ( dlsym
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(The
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.Fn dlsym
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function
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returns a data pointer; in the C standard, conversions between
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data and function pointer types are undefined.
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Some compilers and
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@ -246,7 +256,9 @@ The precise return type of
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is unspecified; applications must cast it to an appropriate function pointer
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type.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn dlerror
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function
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returns a null-terminated character string describing the last error that
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occurred during a call to
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.Fn dlopen ,
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@ -266,7 +278,9 @@ to
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where the second call follows the first immediately, the second call
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will always return a null pointer.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn dlclose
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function
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deletes a reference to the shared object referenced by
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.Fa handle .
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If the reference count drops to 0, the object is removed from the
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@ -306,12 +320,16 @@ still the case when using the (obsolete)
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.Fl aout
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option to the C language compiler.
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.Sh ERRORS
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The
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.Fn dlopen ,
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.Fn dlsym ,
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and
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.Fn dlfunc
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functions
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return a null pointer in the event of errors.
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The
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.Fn dlclose
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function
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returns 0 on success, or -1 if an error occurred.
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Whenever an error has been detected, a message detailing it can be
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retrieved via a call to
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@ -203,11 +203,13 @@ will be set to indicate the error.
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The shell.
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.El
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.Sh ERRORS
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.Fn Execl ,
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The
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.Fn execl ,
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.Fn execle ,
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.Fn execlp
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and
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.Fn execvp
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functions
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may fail and set
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.Va errno
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for any of the errors specified for the library functions
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@ -215,9 +217,11 @@ for any of the errors specified for the library functions
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and
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.Xr malloc 3 .
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.Pp
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.Fn Exect
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The
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.Fn exect
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and
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.Fn execv
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functions
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may fail and set
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.Va errno
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for any of the errors specified for the library function
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@ -286,11 +290,13 @@ and the unusual error
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The behaviour was changed to match the behaviour of
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.Xr sh 1 .
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.Sh STANDARDS
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.Fn Execl ,
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The
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.Fn execl ,
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.Fn execv ,
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.Fn execle ,
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.Fn execlp
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and
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.Fn execvp
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functions
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conform to
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.St -p1003.1-88 .
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@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ leading
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if it immediately follows a slash.
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.It Dv FNM_LEADING_DIR
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Ignore
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.Nm /*
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.Dq Li /*
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rest after successful
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.Fa pattern
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matching.
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@ -68,5 +68,5 @@ is returned instead of the real boot file.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn getbootfile
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function call appeared in
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function appeared in
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.Fx 2.0 .
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@ -48,7 +48,9 @@
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.Ft int
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.Fn setdomainname "const char *name" "int namelen"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Fn Getdomainname
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The
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.Fn getdomainname
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function
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returns the standard domain name for the current processor, as
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previously set by
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.Fn setdomainname .
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@ -59,7 +61,9 @@ specifies the size of the
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array. The returned name is null-terminated unless insufficient
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space is provided.
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.Pp
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.Fn Setdomainname
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The
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.Fn setdomainname
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function
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sets the domain name of the host machine to be
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.Fa name ,
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which has length
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@ -94,5 +98,5 @@ characters, currently 256.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn getdomainname
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function call appeared in
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function appeared in
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.Bx 4.2 .
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@ -196,7 +196,9 @@ and
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.Fn setgrent
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are fairly useless in a networked environment and should be
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avoided, if possible.
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The
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.Fn getgrent
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function
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makes no attempt to suppress duplicate information if multiple
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sources are specified in
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.Xr nsswitch.conf 5 .
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@ -48,7 +48,9 @@
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.Ft int
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.Fn sethostname "const char *name" "int namelen"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Fn Gethostname
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The
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.Fn gethostname
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function
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returns the standard host name for the current processor, as
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previously set by
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.Fn sethostname .
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@ -59,7 +61,9 @@ specifies the size of the
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array. The returned name is null-terminated unless insufficient
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space is provided.
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.Pp
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.Fn Sethostname
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The
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.Fn sethostname
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function
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sets the name of the host machine to be
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.Fa name ,
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which has length
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@ -95,5 +99,5 @@ This includes the trailing
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn gethostname
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function call appeared in
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function appeared in
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.Bx 4.2 .
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@ -85,7 +85,9 @@ If
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is called with a different netgroup than the previous call, an implicit
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.Fn endnetgrent
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is implied.
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.Fn Setnetgrent
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The
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.Fn setnetgrent
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function
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also sets the offset to the first member of the netgroup.
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.Pp
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The function
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@ -37,7 +37,9 @@
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.Ft int
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.Fn getobjformat "char *buf" "size_t bufsize" "int *argcp" "char **argv"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn getobjformat
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function
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queries several sources to determine the preferred object file
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format, and copies its name into a buffer provided by the caller.
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.Pp
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@ -45,7 +45,9 @@
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.Ft int
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.Fn getpagesize void
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Fn Getpagesize
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The
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.Fn getpagesize
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function
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returns the number of bytes in a page.
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Page granularity is the granularity of many of the memory
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management calls.
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@ -59,5 +61,5 @@ hardware page size.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn getpagesze
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function call appeared in
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function appeared in
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.Bx 4.2 .
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@ -95,7 +95,9 @@ socket option.
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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.Rv -std getpeereid
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.Sh ERRORS
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The
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.Fn getpeereid
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function
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fails if:
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.Bl -tag -width Er
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.It Bq Er EBADF
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@ -212,7 +212,9 @@ and
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.Fn setpwent
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are fairly useless in a networked environment and should be
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avoided, if possible.
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The
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.Fn getpwent
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function
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makes no attempt to suppress duplicate information if multiple
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sources are specified in
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.Xr nsswitch.conf 5 .
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@ -114,10 +114,14 @@ loaded, or non-zero otherwise. It should only be called in the
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following circumstances:
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.Bl -enum
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.It
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The
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.Fn getvfsbyname
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function
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has been called and returned a non-zero value.
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.It
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The
|
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.Fn vfsisloadable
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function
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has been called and returned a non-zero value.
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.El
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.Pp
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@ -171,6 +171,7 @@ locked region is unlocked would cause a deadlock and fails with an
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.Er EDEADLK
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error.
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.Pp
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The
|
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.Fn lockf ,
|
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.Xr fcntl 2
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and
|
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@ -182,7 +183,9 @@ Blocking on a section is interrupted by any signal.
|
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.Rv -std lockf
|
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In the case of a failure, existing locks are not changed.
|
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.Sh ERRORS
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn lockf
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function
|
||||
will fail if:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width Er
|
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.It Bq Er EAGAIN
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|
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@ -54,7 +54,9 @@
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.Ft int
|
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.Fn swapcontext "ucontext_t *oucp" "const ucontext_t *ucp"
|
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn makecontext
|
||||
function
|
||||
modifies the user thread context pointed to by
|
||||
.Fa ucp ,
|
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which must have previously been initialized by a call to
|
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@ -83,7 +85,9 @@ otherwise,
|
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.Fn setcontext "ucp->uc_link"
|
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is implicitly invoked.
|
||||
.Pp
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The
|
||||
.Fn swapcontext
|
||||
function
|
||||
saves the current thread context in
|
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.Fa "*oucp"
|
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and makes
|
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@ -97,7 +101,9 @@ otherwise \-1 is returned and the global variable
|
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.Va errno
|
||||
is set appropriately.
|
||||
.Sh ERRORS
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn swapcontext
|
||||
function
|
||||
will fail if:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width Er
|
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.It Bq Er ENOMEM
|
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|
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@ -168,7 +168,9 @@ or
|
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
|
||||
.Rv -std msgctl
|
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.Sh ERRORS
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn msgctl
|
||||
function
|
||||
will fail if:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width Er
|
||||
.It Bq Er EPERM
|
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|
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@ -46,7 +46,9 @@
|
||||
.Ft int
|
||||
.Fn msgget "key_t key" "int msgflg"
|
||||
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn msgget
|
||||
function
|
||||
returns the message queue identifier associated with
|
||||
.Fa key .
|
||||
A message queue identifier is a unique integer greater than zero.
|
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|
||||
@ -159,7 +159,9 @@ Otherwise, -1 is returned, and
|
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.Va errno
|
||||
set to indicate the error.
|
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.Sh ERRORS
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn msgrcv
|
||||
function
|
||||
will fail if:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width Er
|
||||
.It Bq Er EINVAL
|
||||
|
||||
@ -123,7 +123,9 @@ is set to the current time.
|
||||
.Sh RETURN VALUES
|
||||
.Rv -std msgsnd
|
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.Sh ERRORS
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn msgsnd
|
||||
function
|
||||
will fail if:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width Er
|
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.It Bq Er EINVAL
|
||||
|
||||
@ -117,11 +117,11 @@ function conforms to
|
||||
.St -p1003.1-2001 .
|
||||
.Sh HISTORY
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
.Fn pselect
|
||||
function first appeared in
|
||||
.Fx 5.0 .
|
||||
.Sh AUTHORS
|
||||
The
|
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.Nm
|
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.Fn pselect
|
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function and this manual page were written by
|
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.An Garrett Wollman Aq wollman@FreeBSD.org .
|
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|
||||
@ -65,33 +65,41 @@ r(n) is called the seed of the random number generator.
|
||||
For all the six generator routines described next, the first
|
||||
computational step is to perform a single iteration of the algorithm.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn drand48
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Fn erand48
|
||||
functions
|
||||
return values of type double.
|
||||
The full 48 bits of r(n+1) are
|
||||
loaded into the mantissa of the returned value, with the exponent set
|
||||
such that the values produced lie in the interval [0.0, 1.0).
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn lrand48
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Fn nrand48
|
||||
functions
|
||||
return values of type long in the range
|
||||
[0, 2**31-1]. The high-order (31) bits of
|
||||
r(n+1) are loaded into the lower bits of the returned value, with
|
||||
the topmost (sign) bit set to zero.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn mrand48
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Fn jrand48
|
||||
functions
|
||||
return values of type long in the range
|
||||
[-2**31, 2**31-1]. The high-order (32) bits of
|
||||
r(n+1) are loaded into the returned value.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn drand48 ,
|
||||
.Fn lrand48 ,
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Fn mrand48
|
||||
functions
|
||||
use an internal buffer to store r(n). For these functions
|
||||
the initial value of r(0) = 0x1234abcd330e = 20017429951246.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
@ -106,7 +114,9 @@ holds the least significant bits.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
All functions share the same multiplicand and addend.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn srand48
|
||||
function
|
||||
is used to initialize the internal buffer r(n) of
|
||||
.Fn drand48 ,
|
||||
.Fn lrand48 ,
|
||||
@ -117,7 +127,9 @@ of r(n), with the lower 16 bits of r(n) arbitrarily being set to 0x330e.
|
||||
Additionally, the constant multiplicand and addend of the algorithm are
|
||||
reset to the default values given above.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn seed48
|
||||
function
|
||||
also initializes the internal buffer r(n) of
|
||||
.Fn drand48 ,
|
||||
.Fn lrand48 ,
|
||||
@ -128,7 +140,9 @@ where the zeroth member specifies the lowest bits.
|
||||
Again,
|
||||
the constant multiplicand and addend of the algorithm are
|
||||
reset to the default values given above.
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn seed48
|
||||
function
|
||||
returns a pointer to an array of 3 shorts which contains the old seed.
|
||||
This array is statically allocated, thus its contents are lost after
|
||||
each new call to
|
||||
|
||||
@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ are read into the provided buffer
|
||||
Any additional
|
||||
characters and the terminating newline (or return) character are discarded.
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn readpassphrase
|
||||
function
|
||||
takes the following optional
|
||||
.Fa flags :
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
@ -137,7 +139,9 @@ if (compare(transform(passbuf), epass) != 0)
|
||||
memset(passbuf, 0, sizeof(passbuf));
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.Sh SIGNALS
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn readpassphrase
|
||||
function
|
||||
will catch the following signals:
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Bl -tag -compact
|
||||
|
||||
@ -38,7 +38,9 @@
|
||||
.Ft int
|
||||
.Fn rfork_thread "int flags" "void *stack" "int (*func)(void *arg)" "void *arg"
|
||||
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn rfork_thread
|
||||
function
|
||||
is a helper function for
|
||||
.Xr rfork 2 .
|
||||
It arranges for a new process to be created and the child process will
|
||||
@ -73,5 +75,5 @@ for error return codes.
|
||||
.Sh HISTORY
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn rfork_thread
|
||||
function call first appeared in
|
||||
function first appeared in
|
||||
.Fx 4.3 .
|
||||
|
||||
@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ setproctitle("talking to %s", inet_ntoa(addr));
|
||||
.Xr kvm_getargv 3 ,
|
||||
.Xr printf 3
|
||||
.Sh STANDARDS
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn setproctitle
|
||||
function
|
||||
is implicitly non-standard. Other methods of causing the
|
||||
.Xr ps 1
|
||||
command line to change, including copying over the argv[0] string are
|
||||
@ -86,7 +88,9 @@ including
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Bsx .
|
||||
.Sh HISTORY
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn setproctitle
|
||||
function
|
||||
first appeared in
|
||||
.Fx 2.2 .
|
||||
Other operating systems have
|
||||
|
||||
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
|
||||
or in
|
||||
.Fx Ns 's
|
||||
equivalent but easier to read typedef'd version:
|
||||
.Ft typedef "void \*(lp*sig_t\*(rp \*(lpint\*(rp"
|
||||
.Ft typedef "void \*(lp*sig_t\*(rp \*(lpint\*(rp" ;
|
||||
.Ft sig_t
|
||||
.Fn signal "int sig" "sig_t func"
|
||||
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
||||
@ -211,7 +211,9 @@ Otherwise, SIG_ERR is returned and the global variable
|
||||
.Va errno
|
||||
is set to indicate the error.
|
||||
.Sh ERRORS
|
||||
.Fn Signal
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Fn signal
|
||||
function
|
||||
will fail and no action will take place if one of the
|
||||
following occur:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width Er
|
||||
|
||||
@ -233,18 +233,19 @@ Each time it runs,
|
||||
gets the list of debugging variables from the kernel and
|
||||
displays their current values.
|
||||
The system defines twenty
|
||||
.Ns ( Va struct ctldebug )
|
||||
.Pq Vt "struct ctldebug"
|
||||
variables named
|
||||
.Nm debug0
|
||||
.Va debug0
|
||||
through
|
||||
.Nm debug19 .
|
||||
.Va debug19 .
|
||||
They are declared as separate variables so that they can be
|
||||
individually initialized at the location of their associated variable.
|
||||
The loader prevents multiple use of the same variable by issuing errors
|
||||
if a variable is initialized in more than one place.
|
||||
For example, to export the variable
|
||||
.Nm dospecialcheck
|
||||
.Va dospecialcheck
|
||||
as a debugging variable, the following declaration would be used:
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
|
||||
int dospecialcheck = 1;
|
||||
struct ctldebug debug5 = { "dospecialcheck", &dospecialcheck };
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
x
Reference in New Issue
Block a user