d/freebsd-skq
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull Requests Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Fix assorted formatting glitches.

Browse Source
This commit is contained in:
John Fieber 1995-08-28 20:34:59 +00:00
parent 248ffae537
commit d1017b80bf
1 changed files with 222 additions and 114 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

336
share/doc/FAQ/freebsd-faq.sgml
View File

@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
<title>Frequently Asked Questions for FreeBSD 2.X <title>Frequently Asked Questions for FreeBSD 2.X
<author>The FreeBSD FAQ Team, <tt/FAQ@FreeBSD.ORG/ <author>The FreeBSD FAQ Team, <tt/FAQ@FreeBSD.ORG/
<date> $Id: freebsd-faq.sgml,v 1.11 1995/08/17 21:18:48 ats Exp $ <date> $Id: freebsd-faq.sgml,v 1.12 1995/08/20 15:21:31 gclarkii Exp $
<abstract> <abstract>
This is the FAQ for FreeBSD systems version 2.X All entries are This is the FAQ for FreeBSD systems version 2.X All entries are
assumed to be relevant to FreeBSD 2.0.5+, unless otherwise noted. assumed to be relevant to FreeBSD 2.0.5+, unless otherwise noted.
@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
<toc> <toc>
<sect>Preface <sect>
<heading>Preface</heading>
<p> <p>
Welcome to the FreeBSD 2.X FAQ ! This document tries to answer Welcome to the FreeBSD 2.X FAQ ! This document tries to answer
some of the most frequently asked questions about FreeBSD 2.X (or some of the most frequently asked questions about FreeBSD 2.X (or
@ -60,7 +61,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
<url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/FreeBSD-current/src" <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/FreeBSD-current/src"
name="FreeBSD-current src directory"> name="FreeBSD-current src directory">
<sect1>What is FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>What is FreeBSD?</heading>
<p> <p>
FreeBSD 2.X is a UN*X type operating system based on FreeBSD 2.X is a UN*X type operating system based on
U.C. Berkeley's 4.4BSD-lite release for the i386 platform. It is U.C. Berkeley's 4.4BSD-lite release for the i386 platform. It is
@ -86,7 +88,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
<item>Improved SCSI support <item>Improved SCSI support
</itemize> </itemize>
<sect1>What do I need to run FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>What do I need to run FreeBSD?</heading>
<p> <p>
You'll need a 386 or better PC, with 4 Mo or more of RAM and at You'll need a 386 or better PC, with 4 Mo or more of RAM and at
least 60 MB of hard disk space. It can run with a low end MDA least 60 MB of hard disk space. It can run with a low end MDA
@ -94,7 +97,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
See the section on <ref id="hardware" name="Hardware compatibility"> See the section on <ref id="hardware" name="Hardware compatibility">
<sect1>Where can I get FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>Where can I get FreeBSD</heading>
<p> <p>
The distribution is available via anonymous ftp from: The distribution is available via anonymous ftp from:
<url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/" name="FreeBSD home directory"> <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/" name="FreeBSD home directory">
@ -113,7 +117,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
email: <url url="mailto:orders@cdrom.com" name="WC Orders address"> <newline> email: <url url="mailto:orders@cdrom.com" name="WC Orders address"> <newline>
WWW: <url url="http://www.cdrom.com/" name="WC Home page"><newline> WWW: <url url="http://www.cdrom.com/" name="WC Home page"><newline>
<sect1>What are the FreeBSD mailing lists, and how can I get on them? <sect1>
<heading>What are the FreeBSD mailing lists, and how can I get on them?</heading>
<p> <p>
The following mailing lists are provided for FreeBSD users and The following mailing lists are provided for FreeBSD users and
developers. For more information, send to developers. For more information, send to
@ -166,7 +171,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
<bf/not/ to the list itself. The last thing the subscribred <bf/not/ to the list itself. The last thing the subscribred
users want to see is administrative requests... users want to see is administrative requests...
<sect1>What are the various FreeBSD news groups? <sect1>
<heading>What are the various FreeBSD news groups?</heading>
<p> <p>
There are two newsgroups currently dedicated to FreeBSD: There are two newsgroups currently dedicated to FreeBSD:
<descrip> <descrip>
@ -185,7 +191,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
Trn, TIN and others there. Trn, TIN and others there.
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1>Books on FreeBSD <sect1>
<heading>Books on FreeBSD</heading>
<p> <p>
There currently aren't any books written specifically for There currently aren't any books written specifically for
FreeBSD, although some people are supposedly working on some. FreeBSD, although some people are supposedly working on some.
@ -249,7 +256,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
these, however, are also on the FreeBSD 2.0.5R CDROM (and the these, however, are also on the FreeBSD 2.0.5R CDROM (and the
FreeBSD CDROM often has newer versions). FreeBSD CDROM often has newer versions).
<sect1>Other sources of information. <sect1>
<heading>Other sources of information.</heading>
<p> <p>
One good source of additional information is the One good source of additional information is the
``&lsqb;comp.unix.bsd&rsqb; NetBSD, FreeBSD, and 386BSD (0.1) ``&lsqb;comp.unix.bsd&rsqb; NetBSD, FreeBSD, and 386BSD (0.1)
@ -270,9 +278,11 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
The FreeBSD handbook has a pretty complete bibliography, look at: The FreeBSD handbook has a pretty complete bibliography, look at:
<url url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/How/handbook/bibliography.html" name="Bibliography"> <url url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/How/handbook/bibliography.html" name="Bibliography">
<sect>FreeBSD goals <sect>
<heading>FreeBSD goals</heading>
<p> <p>
<sect1>Copyrights <sect1>
<heading>Copyrights</heading>
<p> <p>
The goals of the FreeBSD Project are to provide software that may The goals of the FreeBSD Project are to provide software that may
be used for any purpose and without strings attached. Many of us be used for any purpose and without strings attached. Many of us
@ -291,9 +301,11 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
in how the code is shared and distributed and so is a string we in how the code is shared and distributed and so is a string we
can reasonably live with. can reasonably live with.
<sect>Installation <sect>
<heading>Installation</heading>
<p> <p>
<sect1>How do I install FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>How do I install FreeBSD?</heading>
<p> <p>
<bf/IMPORTANT NOTE/ if you are installing 2.0.5R from tape, see <bf/IMPORTANT NOTE/ if you are installing 2.0.5R from tape, see
@ -318,7 +330,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
RELNOTES -- Release notes RELNOTES -- Release notes
</verb> </verb>
<sect1>Help! I have no space! Do I need to delete everything first? <sect1>
<heading>Help! I have no space! Do I need to delete everything first?</heading>
<p> <p>
If your machine is already running DOS and has little or no free If your machine is already running DOS and has little or no free
@ -337,7 +350,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
menu for an estimation of how much free space you'll need for the menu for an estimation of how much free space you'll need for the
kind of installation you want. kind of installation you want.
<sect1>Can I use compressed DOS filesystems from FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>Can I use compressed DOS filesystems from FreeBSD?</heading>
<p> <p>
No. If you are using a utility such as Stacker(tm) or No. If you are using a utility such as Stacker(tm) or
@ -351,14 +365,16 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
partition and use this for communications between DOS and partition and use this for communications between DOS and
FreeBSD. FreeBSD.
<sect1>Can I mount my DOS extended partitions? <sect1>
<heading>Can I mount my DOS extended partitions?</heading>
<p> <p>
This feature isn't in FreeBSD 2.0.5 but should be in 2.1. We've This feature isn't in FreeBSD 2.0.5 but should be in 2.1. We've
laid all the groundwork for making this happen, now we just need laid all the groundwork for making this happen, now we just need
to do the last 1% of the work involved. to do the last 1% of the work involved.
<sect1>Can I run DOS binaries under FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>Can I run DOS binaries under FreeBSD?</heading>
<p> <p>
Not yet! We'd like to add support for this someday, but are Not yet! We'd like to add support for this someday, but are
@ -374,8 +390,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
to run DOS text mode applications. It requires the X Window to run DOS text mode applications. It requires the X Window
System (provided as XFree86 3.1.2). System (provided as XFree86 3.1.2).
<sect1>Help! I can't install from tape! The install fails with a ``record too big'' error! <sect1>
<label id="install-tape"> <heading>Help! I can't install from tape! The install fails with a ``record too big'' error!<label id="install-tape"></heading>
<p> <p>
If you are installing 2.0.5R from tape, you must create the tape If you are installing 2.0.5R from tape, you must create the tape
using a tar blocksize of 10 (5120 bytes). The default tar using a tar blocksize of 10 (5120 bytes). The default tar
@ -384,7 +400,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
you will get an error that complains about the record size being you will get an error that complains about the record size being
too big. too big.
<sect1>I want to install FreeBSD onto a SCSI disk that has more than 1024 cylinders. How do I do it? <sect1>
<heading>I want to install FreeBSD onto a SCSI disk that has more than 1024 cylinders. How do I do it?</heading>
<p> <p>
This depends. If you don't have DOS (or another operating This depends. If you don't have DOS (or another operating
@ -402,7 +419,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
subdirectory) which can be used for this purpose. subdirectory) which can be used for this purpose.
<sect1>When I boot FreeBSD it says ``Missing Operating System''. <sect1>
<heading>When I boot FreeBSD it says ``Missing Operating System''.</heading>
<p> <p>
See question above. This is classically a case of FreeBSD and See question above. This is classically a case of FreeBSD and
@ -410,7 +428,8 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
geometry. You will have to reinstall FreeBSD, but obeying the geometry. You will have to reinstall FreeBSD, but obeying the
instructions given above will almost always get you going. instructions given above will almost always get you going.
<sect1>When I install the boot manager and try to boot FreeBSD for the first time, it just comes back with the boot manager prompt again. <sect1>
<heading>When I install the boot manager and try to boot FreeBSD for the first time, it just comes back with the boot manager prompt again.</heading>
<p> <p>
This is another symptom of the problem described in the preceding This is another symptom of the problem described in the preceding
@ -419,8 +438,11 @@ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
translation (often marked as ``&gt;1GB drive support''), try translation (often marked as ``&gt;1GB drive support''), try
toggling its setting and reinstalling FreeBSD. toggling its setting and reinstalling FreeBSD.
<sect1>I'm having lots of trouble trying to disklabel a new SCSI drive. I have made an entry in <tt>/etc/disktab</tt>, but when I try to label the drive the following happens: <sect1>
<p> <heading>I'm having lots of trouble trying to disklabel a new SCSI drive.</heading>
<p>I have made an entry in <tt>/etc/disktab</tt>, but
when I try to label the drive the following happens:
<verb> <verb>
mips# disklabel -w /dev/sd1 sea32550N mips# disklabel -w /dev/sd1 sea32550N
disklabel: ioctl DIOCWDINFO: Operation not supported by device disklabel: ioctl DIOCWDINFO: Operation not supported by device
@ -507,7 +529,8 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\
offset 0 is invalid so <tt/sysinstall/ doesn't support creating offset 0 is invalid so <tt/sysinstall/ doesn't support creating
such slices. such slices.
<sect1>I have an IDE drive with lots of bad blocks on it and FreeBSD doesn't seem to install properly. <sect1>
<heading>I have an IDE drive with lots of bad blocks on it and FreeBSD doesn't seem to install properly.</heading>
<p> <p>
FreeBSD's bad block (the ``<tt/bad144/'' command) handling is FreeBSD's bad block (the ``<tt/bad144/'' command) handling is
@ -522,14 +545,15 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\
to see if this feature has been disabled on your drive. However, to see if this feature has been disabled on your drive. However,
ESDI, RLL, and ST-506 drives normally do not do this. ESDI, RLL, and ST-506 drives normally do not do this.
<sect1>I have 32MB of memory, should I expect any special problems? <sect1>
<label id="bigram"> <heading>I have 32MB of memory, should I expect any special problems?<label id="bigram"></heading>
<p> <p>
No. FreeBSD 2.X comes with bounce buffers which allows your bus No. FreeBSD 2.X comes with bounce buffers which allows your bus
mastering controller access to greater than 16MB. mastering controller access to greater than 16MB.
<sect1>My network card keeps getting errors like, ``<tt/ed1: timeout/''. What's going on? <sect1>
<heading>My network card keeps getting errors like, ``<tt/ed1: timeout/''. What's going on?</heading>
<p> <p>
This is usually caused by an interrupt conflict (e.g., two boards This is usually caused by an interrupt conflict (e.g., two boards
@ -538,7 +562,8 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\
presence of IRQ conflicts. However, with 2.0.5R and later, IRQ presence of IRQ conflicts. However, with 2.0.5R and later, IRQ
conflicts are no longer tolerated. conflicts are no longer tolerated.
<sect1>Do I need to install the complete sources? <sect1>
<heading>Do I need to install the complete sources?</heading>
<p> In general, no. However, we would strongly recommend that you <p> In general, no. However, we would strongly recommend that you
install, at a minimum, the ``<tt/base/'' source kit, which install, at a minimum, the ``<tt/base/'' source kit, which
@ -560,7 +585,8 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\
releases of FreeBSD. releases of FreeBSD.
<sect1>DES encryption software can not be exported from the United States. If I live outside the US, how can I encrypt passwords? <sect1>
<heading>DES encryption software can not be exported from the United States. If I live outside the US, how can I encrypt passwords?</heading>
<p> If it is not absolutely imperative that you use DES style <p> If it is not absolutely imperative that you use DES style
encryption, you can use FreeBSD's default encryption for even encryption, you can use FreeBSD's default encryption for even
@ -607,9 +633,11 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\
</sect1> </sect1>
</sect> </sect>
<sect>Hardware compatibility <label id="hardware"> <sect>
<heading>Hardware compatibility <label id="hardware"></heading>
<p> <p>
<sect1>What kind of hard drives does FreeBSD run on? <sect1>
<heading>What kind of hard drives does FreeBSD run on?</heading>
<p> <p>
FreeBSD supports ST-506 (sometimes called ``MFM''), RLL, and ESDI FreeBSD supports ST-506 (sometimes called ``MFM''), RLL, and ESDI
@ -618,7 +646,8 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\
FreeBSD also supports IDE and SCSI hard drives. FreeBSD also supports IDE and SCSI hard drives.
<sect1>What SCSI controllers are supported? <sect1>
<heading>What SCSI controllers are supported?</heading>
<p> <p>
FreeBSD supports the following SCSI controllers: FreeBSD supports the following SCSI controllers:
@ -658,7 +687,8 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\
WD7000 &lt;ISA&gt; &lt;No scatter/gather&gt; WD7000 &lt;ISA&gt; &lt;No scatter/gather&gt;
</descrip> </descrip>
<sect1>What CD-ROM drives are supported by FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>What CD-ROM drives are supported by FreeBSD?</heading>
<p> <p>
Any SCSI drive connected to a supported controller. Any SCSI drive connected to a supported controller.
@ -673,7 +703,8 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\
All non-SCSI cards are known to be extremely slow compared to All non-SCSI cards are known to be extremely slow compared to
SCSI drives. SCSI drives.
<sect1>What multi-port serial cards are supported by FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>What multi-port serial cards are supported by FreeBSD?</heading>
<p> <p>
<itemize> <itemize>
@ -697,14 +728,16 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\
Check the <tt/sio(4)/ man page to get more information on Check the <tt/sio(4)/ man page to get more information on
configuring such cards. configuring such cards.
<sect1>Does FreeBSD support the AHA-2xxx SCSI adapters from Adaptec? <sect1>
<heading>Does FreeBSD support the AHA-2xxx SCSI adapters from Adaptec?</heading>
<p> <p>
FreeBSD supports the AHA-2xxx line of disks. The GPL portions FreeBSD supports the AHA-2xxx line of disks. The GPL portions
of the old drivers have been re-written and now it is fully of the old drivers have been re-written and now it is fully
under the Berkeley style copyright. under the Berkeley style copyright.
<sect1>I have a Mumbleco bus mouse. Is it supported and if so, how do I set it up for XFree86? <sect1>
<heading>I have a Mumbleco bus mouse. Is it supported and if so, how do I set it up for XFree86?</heading>
<p> <p>
FreeBSD supports the Logitech and ATI Inport bus mice. You need FreeBSD supports the Logitech and ATI Inport bus mice. You need
@ -714,7 +747,8 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\
device mse0 at isa? port 0x23c tty irq6 vector mseintr device mse0 at isa? port 0x23c tty irq6 vector mseintr
</verb> </verb>
<sect1>I have a PS/2 mouse (``keyboard'' mouse) (Alternatively: I have a laptop with a track-ball mouse). How do I use it? <sect1>
<heading>I have a PS/2 mouse (``keyboard'' mouse) (Alternatively: I have a laptop with a track-ball mouse). How do I use it?</heading>
<p> <p>
You'll have to add the following lines to your kernel You'll have to add the following lines to your kernel
configuration file and recompile: configuration file and recompile:
@ -724,13 +758,15 @@ device psm0 at isa? port "IO_KBD" conflicts tty irq 12 vector psmintr
options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops) options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
</verb> </verb>
<sect1>What types of tape drives are supported under FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>What types of tape drives are supported under FreeBSD?</heading>
<p> <p>
FreeBSD supports SCSI, QIC-02 and QIC-40/80 (Floppy based) tape FreeBSD supports SCSI, QIC-02 and QIC-40/80 (Floppy based) tape
drives. This includes 8-mm (aka Exabyte) and DAT drives. drives. This includes 8-mm (aka Exabyte) and DAT drives.
<sect1>What sound cards are supported by FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>What sound cards are supported by FreeBSD?</heading>
<p> <p>
FreeBSD supports the SoundBlaster, SoundBlaster Pro, SoundBlaster FreeBSD supports the SoundBlaster, SoundBlaster Pro, SoundBlaster
@ -742,7 +778,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
<bf/NOTE/ This is only for sound! This driver does not support <bf/NOTE/ This is only for sound! This driver does not support
CD-ROMs, SCSI or joysticks on these cards. CD-ROMs, SCSI or joysticks on these cards.
<sect1>What network cards does FreeBSD support? <sect1>
<heading>What network cards does FreeBSD support?</heading>
<p> <p>
There is support for the following cards: There is support for the following cards:
@ -795,7 +832,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
we are incompatiable with other versions, but we hope to correct we are incompatiable with other versions, but we hope to correct
this in the near future. this in the near future.
<sect1>I have a 386/486sx/486SLC machine without a math co-processor. Will this cause me any problems? <sect1>
<heading>I have a 386/486sx/486SLC machine without a math co-processor. Will this cause me any problems?</heading>
<p> <p>
Generally no, but there are circumstances where you will take a Generally no, but there are circumstances where you will take a
@ -808,7 +846,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
us to say it, but nobody ever got fired for buying Intel. Unless us to say it, but nobody ever got fired for buying Intel. Unless
you're sure it works with FreeBSD, beware of clones. you're sure it works with FreeBSD, beware of clones.
<sect1>What other devices does 2.X support? <sect1>
<heading>What other devices does 2.X support?</heading>
<p> <p>
Here is a listing of drivers that do not fit into any of the Here is a listing of drivers that do not fit into any of the
@ -842,7 +881,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
Driver for the X-10 POWERHOUSE <newline> Driver for the X-10 POWERHOUSE <newline>
</descrip> </descrip>
<sect1>I am about to buy a new machine to run FreeBSD on and want an idea of what other people are running. Is there list of other systems anywhere? <sect1>
<heading>I am about to buy a new machine to run FreeBSD on and want an idea of what other people are running. Is there list of other systems anywhere?</heading>
<p> <p>
Yes. Please look at the file <tt>Systems.FAQ</tt>. This file is Yes. Please look at the file <tt>Systems.FAQ</tt>. This file is
@ -851,13 +891,15 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
have sent in, and does not constitute any kind of endorsement by have sent in, and does not constitute any kind of endorsement by
the FreeBSD Project. the FreeBSD Project.
<sect1>I have a lap-top with power management. Can FreeBSD take advantage of this? <sect1>
<heading>I have a lap-top with power management. Can FreeBSD take advantage of this?</heading>
<p> <p>
Yes it can on certain machines. Please look in the <tt/LINT/ Yes it can on certain machines. Please look in the <tt/LINT/
kernel config file under <tt/APM/. kernel config file under <tt/APM/.
<sect>Commercial Applications <sect>
<heading>Commercial Applications</heading>
<p> <p>
<bf/NOTE/ This section is still very sparse, though we're hoping, of <bf/NOTE/ This section is still very sparse, though we're hoping, of
@ -869,7 +911,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
entries here for inclusion. entries here for inclusion.
<sect1>Where can I get Motif for FreeBSD? <sect1>
<heading>Where can I get Motif for FreeBSD?</heading>
<p> <p>
Contact the following company: Contact the following company:
@ -881,8 +924,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
FAX: +44 (0) 329 825936<newline> FAX: +44 (0) 329 825936<newline>
Email: <url url="mailto:info@lasermoon.co.uk" name="Info Address"> Email: <url url="mailto:info@lasermoon.co.uk" name="Info Address">
<sect1>Are there any commercial X servers for some of the high-end graphics cards like the Matrox or &num;9 I-128, or offering 8/16/24 bit deep pallettes? <sect1>
<label id="xinside"> <heading>Are there any commercial X servers for some of the high-end graphics cards like the Matrox or &num;9 I-128, or offering 8/16/24 bit deep pallettes?<label id="xinside"></heading>
<p> <p>
Yes, X Inside Incorporated sells their Accelerated-X product for Yes, X Inside Incorporated sells their Accelerated-X product for
FreeBSD and other Intel based systems. FreeBSD and other Intel based systems.
@ -909,7 +952,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
phone +1(303)384-9999 phone +1(303)384-9999
</descrip> </descrip>
<sect1>Any other applications I might be interested in? <sect1>
<heading>Any other applications I might be interested in?</heading>
<p> <p>
RenderMorphics, Ltd. sells a high-speed 3D rendering package for RenderMorphics, Ltd. sells a high-speed 3D rendering package for
@ -934,9 +978,11 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect>User Applications <sect>
<heading>User Applications</heading>
<sect1>I want to run X, how do I go about it? <sect1>
<heading>I want to run X, how do I go about it?</heading>
<p> <p>
First, get the XFree86(tm) distribution of X11R6 from First, get the XFree86(tm) distribution of X11R6 from
@ -951,7 +997,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
available at a very reasonable price. See section available at a very reasonable price. See section
<ref id="xinside" name="on Xaccel"> for more details. <ref id="xinside" name="on Xaccel"> for more details.
<sect1>I've been trying to run ghostscript on a 386 (or 486sx) with no math co-processor and I keep getting errors. What's up? <label id="emul"> <sect1>
<heading>I've been trying to run ghostscript on a 386 (or 486sx) with no math co-processor and I keep getting errors. What's up?<label id="emul"></heading>
<p> <p>
You will need to add the alternate math emulator to your kernel, You will need to add the alternate math emulator to your kernel,
@ -965,7 +1012,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
<bf/NOTE/ You will need to remove the <tt/MATH&lowbar;EMULATE/ <bf/NOTE/ You will need to remove the <tt/MATH&lowbar;EMULATE/
option when you do this. option when you do this.
<sect1>I want all this neat software, but I haven't got the space or CPU power to compile it all myself. Is there any way of getting binaries? <sect1>
<heading>I want all this neat software, but I haven't got the space or CPU power to compile it all myself. Is there any way of getting binaries?</heading>
<p> <p>
Yes. We support the concept of a ``package'', which is Yes. We support the concept of a ``package'', which is
@ -986,9 +1034,11 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
details on the care and feeding of the package software, so no details on the care and feeding of the package software, so no
explicit details will be given here. explicit details will be given here.
<sect>Miscellaneous Questions <sect>
<heading>Miscellaneous Questions</heading>
<p> <p>
<sect1>Hey! Chmod doesn't change the file permissions of symlinked files! What's going on? <sect1>
<heading>Hey! Chmod doesn't change the file permissions of symlinked files! What's going on?</heading>
<p> <p>
You have to use either ``<tt/-H/'' or ``<tt/-L/'' together with You have to use either ``<tt/-H/'' or ``<tt/-L/'' together with
the ``<tt/-R/'' option to make this work. See the <tt/chmod(1)/ the ``<tt/-R/'' option to make this work. See the <tt/chmod(1)/
@ -1011,7 +1061,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
``<tt/foo/'', to change the permissions of the directory, ``<tt/foo/'', to change the permissions of the directory,
``<tt/bar/''. ``<tt/bar/''.
<sect1>How do I mount a CDROM? I've tried using <tt/mount(8)/, but it keeps on giving me an error like, ``<tt>/dev/cd0a on /mnt: Incorrect super block.</tt>'' <sect1>
<heading>How do I mount a CDROM? I've tried using <tt/mount(8)/, but it keeps on giving me an error like, ``<tt>/dev/cd0a on /mnt: Incorrect super block.</tt>''</heading>
<p> <p>
You have to tell <tt/mount(8)/ the type of the device that you You have to tell <tt/mount(8)/ the type of the device that you
want to mount. By default, <tt/mount(8)/ will assume the want to mount. By default, <tt/mount(8)/ will assume the
@ -1038,12 +1089,14 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
mount_cd9660 /dev/cd0c /mnt mount_cd9660 /dev/cd0c /mnt
</verb> </verb>
<sect1>When I try to mount a CDROM, I get a ``Device not configured'' error. What's going on? <sect1>
<heading>When I try to mount a CDROM, I get a ``Device not configured'' error. What's going on?</heading>
<p> <p>
This generally means that there is no CDROM in the CDROM drive. This generally means that there is no CDROM in the CDROM drive.
Feed the drive something. Feed the drive something.
<sect1>My programs occasionally die with ``Signal 11'' errors. What's going on? <sect1>
<heading>My programs occasionally die with ``Signal 11'' errors. What's going on?</heading>
<p> <p>
This can be caused by bad hardware (memory, motherboard, etc.). This can be caused by bad hardware (memory, motherboard, etc.).
Try running a memory-testing program on your PC. Note that, even Try running a memory-testing program on your PC. Note that, even
@ -1053,7 +1106,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
(such as during busmastering DMA from a SCSI controller like the (such as during busmastering DMA from a SCSI controller like the
Adaptec 1542). Adaptec 1542).
<sect1>Help, some of my X Window menus and dialog boxes don't work right! I can't select them. <sect1>
<heading>Help, some of my X Window menus and dialog boxes don't work right! I can't select them.</heading>
<p> <p>
Try turning off the Num Lock key. Try turning off the Num Lock key.
@ -1067,7 +1121,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
ServerNumLock ServerNumLock
</verb> </verb>
<sect1>How do I access the virtual consoles? <sect1>
<heading>How do I access the virtual consoles?</heading>
<p> <p>
If the console is not currently displaying X Window, just press If the console is not currently displaying X Window, just press
Alt-F1 to Alt-F12. Alt-F1 to Alt-F12.
@ -1086,7 +1141,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
Ctrl key; the Ctrl-Alt-function key combination is used only when Ctrl key; the Ctrl-Alt-function key combination is used only when
switching from X Window to a virtual terminal. switching from X Window to a virtual terminal.
<sect1>How do I increase the number of virtual consoles? <sect1>
<heading>How do I increase the number of virtual consoles?</heading>
<p> <p>
Edit <tt>/etc/ttys</tt> and add entries for ``<tt/ttyv4/'' to Edit <tt>/etc/ttys</tt> and add entries for ``<tt/ttyv4/'' to
``<tt/ttyvc/'' after the comment on ``Virtual terminals'' (delete ``<tt/ttyvc/'' after the comment on ``Virtual terminals'' (delete
@ -1160,13 +1216,15 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
will probably appear to hang/lock up after executing the kill will probably appear to hang/lock up after executing the kill
command. command.
<sect1>I've heard of something called FreeBSD-current. How do I run it, and where can I get more information? <sect1>
<heading>I've heard of something called FreeBSD-current. How do I run it, and where can I get more information?</heading>
<p> <p>
Read the file <tt>/usr/src/share/FAQ/Text/current-policy.FAQ</tt>, Read the file <tt>/usr/src/share/FAQ/Text/current-policy.FAQ</tt>,
it will tell you all you need to know. it will tell you all you need to know.
<sect1>What is this thing called ``<tt/sup/'', and how do I use it? <sect1>
<heading>What is this thing called ``<tt/sup/'', and how do I use it?</heading>
<p> <p>
SUP stands for Software Update Protocol, and was developed by CMU SUP stands for Software Update Protocol, and was developed by CMU
@ -1198,7 +1256,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
which are a set of supfiles for supping from <tt/FreeBSD.ORG/. which are a set of supfiles for supping from <tt/FreeBSD.ORG/.
<sect1>How do I create customized installation disks that I can give out to other people at my site? <sect1>
<heading>How do I create customized installation disks that I can give out to other people at my site?</heading>
<p> <p>
The entire process of creating installation disks and source and The entire process of creating installation disks and source and
@ -1206,7 +1265,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
<tt>/usr/src/release/Makefile</tt>. The information there should <tt>/usr/src/release/Makefile</tt>. The information there should
be enough to get you started. be enough to get you started.
<sect1>How do I re-build my system without clobbering the existing installed binaries? <sect1>
<heading>How do I re-build my system without clobbering the existing installed binaries?</heading>
<p> <p>
If you define the environment variable <tt/DESTDIR/ while running If you define the environment variable <tt/DESTDIR/ while running
@ -1218,7 +1278,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
however. however.
<sect1>When my system booted, it told me that ``(bus speed defaulted)''. What does that mean? <sect1>
<heading>When my system booted, it told me that ``(bus speed defaulted)''. What does that mean?</heading>
<p> <p>
The Adaptec 1542 SCSI host adapters allow the user to configure The Adaptec 1542 SCSI host adapters allow the user to configure
@ -1231,7 +1292,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
but on those systems where it doesn't, your data could be but on those systems where it doesn't, your data could be
corrupted. corrupted.
<sect1>I would like to track changes to current and do not have net access. Is there any way besides downloading the whole tree? <label id="ctm"> <sect1>
<heading>I would like to track changes to current and do not have net access. Is there any way besides downloading the whole tree?<label id="ctm"></heading>
<p> <p>
Yes, you can use the <tt/CTM/ facility. Check out the Yes, you can use the <tt/CTM/ facility. Check out the
@ -1242,7 +1304,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
for more information. for more information.
<sect1>How do I split up large binary files into smaller 240k files like the distribution does? <sect1>
<heading>How do I split up large binary files into smaller 240k files like the distribution does?</heading>
<p> <p>
Newer BSD based systems have a ``<tt/-b/'' option to split that Newer BSD based systems have a ``<tt/-b/'' option to split that
@ -1259,9 +1322,11 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
$&lcub;RELEASEDIR&rcub;/tarballs/bindist/bin_tgz.) $&lcub;RELEASEDIR&rcub;/tarballs/bindist/bin_tgz.)
</verb> </verb>
<sect1>&lt;XXX&gt; I've had a couple of system panics and would like to be able browse the system dumps. The normal kernel is stripped and I don't want to run a bloated kernel. What can I do?</> <sect1>
<heading>&lt;XXX&gt; I've had a couple of system panics and would like to be able browse the system dumps. The normal kernel is stripped and I don't want to run a bloated kernel. What can I do?</heading>
<sect1>I've got this neato kernel extension I just know everyone will will want. How do I get it included into the distribution? <sect1>
<heading>I've got this neato kernel extension I just know everyone will will want. How do I get it included into the distribution?</heading>
<p> <p>
Please take a look at the FAQ for submiting code to FreeBSD at: Please take a look at the FAQ for submiting code to FreeBSD at:
@ -1273,9 +1338,11 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect>Kernel Configuration <sect>
<heading>Kernel Configuration</heading>
<p> <p>
<sect1>Ok, so how DO I compile my own kernel, anyway? <label id="make-kernel"> <sect1>
<heading>Ok, so how DO I compile my own kernel, anyway?<label id="make-kernel"></heading>
<p> <p>
Before you can compile a kernel, you need either the complete Before you can compile a kernel, you need either the complete
<tt/srcdist/ or, at the minimum, the <tt/kerndist/ loaded on your <tt/srcdist/ or, at the minimum, the <tt/kerndist/ loaded on your
@ -1339,7 +1406,8 @@ options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops)
messages printed by your old kernel, some of which may be quite messages printed by your old kernel, some of which may be quite
helpful in configuring the new one. helpful in configuring the new one.
<sect1>When I compile a kernel with multi-port serial code, it tells me that only the first port is probed and the rest skipped due to interrupt conflicts. How do I fix this? <sect1>
<heading>When I compile a kernel with multi-port serial code, it tells me that only the first port is probed and the rest skipped due to interrupt conflicts. How do I fix this?</heading>
<p> <p>
The problem here is that FreeBSD has code built-in to keep the The problem here is that FreeBSD has code built-in to keep the
@ -1357,7 +1425,8 @@ device sio4 at isa? port 0x2b0 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr
device sio5 at isa? port 0x2b8 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr device sio5 at isa? port 0x2b8 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr
</verb> </verb>
<sect1>FreeBSD is supposed to come with support for QIC-40/80 drives but when I look, I can't find it. <sect1>
<heading>FreeBSD is supposed to come with support for QIC-40/80 drives but when I look, I can't find it.</heading>
<p> <p>
You need to uncomment the following line in the generic config You need to uncomment the following line in the generic config
@ -1391,7 +1460,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
<tt/-current/ and try that. <tt/-current/ and try that.
<sect1>Does FreeBSD support IPC primitives like those in System V? <sect1>
<heading>Does FreeBSD support IPC primitives like those in System V?</heading>
<p> <p>
Yes, FreeBSD supports System V-style IPC. This includes shared Yes, FreeBSD supports System V-style IPC. This includes shared
@ -1407,7 +1477,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
Recompile and install. Recompile and install.
<sect1>Will FreeBSD ever support other architectures? <sect1>
<heading>Will FreeBSD ever support other architectures?</heading>
<p> <p>
Several different groups have expressed interest in working on Several different groups have expressed interest in working on
@ -1416,7 +1487,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
<tt>&lt;platforms@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;</tt> for more information on our <tt>&lt;platforms@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;</tt> for more information on our
strategy for porting. strategy for porting.
<sect1>I just wrote a device driver for a Foobar Systems, Inc. Integrated Adaptive Gronkulator card. How do I get the appropriate major numbers assigned? <sect1>
<heading>I just wrote a device driver for a Foobar Systems, Inc. Integrated Adaptive Gronkulator card. How do I get the appropriate major numbers assigned?</heading>
<p> <p>
This depends on whether or not you plan on making the driver This depends on whether or not you plan on making the driver
@ -1432,9 +1504,11 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect>System Administration <sect>
<heading>System Administration</heading>
<sect1>Hmm, where are my familiar BSD system files ? What's this <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> thing ? <sect1>
<heading>Hmm, where are my familiar BSD system files ? What's this <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> thing?</heading>
<p> <p>
As for 2.0.5R, the primary configuration file is As for 2.0.5R, the primary configuration file is
@ -1455,7 +1529,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
The <tt>/etc/rc.i386</tt> is for Intel-specifics setting like the The <tt>/etc/rc.i386</tt> is for Intel-specifics setting like the
iBCS2 emulation. iBCS2 emulation.
<sect1>How do I add a user easily? I read the man page and am more confused than ever! (Alternatively: I didn't read the man page, I never read man pages! :-) ) <sect1>
<heading>How do I add a user easily? I read the man page and am more confused than ever!</heading>
<p> <p>
Use the <tt/adduser/ command. Use the <tt/adduser/ command.
@ -1465,12 +1540,14 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
<tt>&lt;roberto@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;</tt> about it. It is currently <tt>&lt;roberto@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;</tt> about it. It is currently
under further development. under further development.
<sect1>&lt;XXX&gt; I'm trying to use my printer and keep running into problems. I tried looking at <tt>/etc/printcap</tt>, but it's close to useless. Any ideas? <sect1>
<heading>&lt;XXX&gt; I'm trying to use my printer and keep running into problems. I tried looking at <tt>/etc/printcap</tt>, but it's close to useless. Any ideas?</heading>
<p> <p>
Still under construction. Still under construction.
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect1>My keyboard mappings are wrong for my system. How can I fix them? <sect1>
<heading>My keyboard mappings are wrong for my system. How can I fix them?</heading>
<p> <p>
The kbdcontrol program has an option to load a keyboard map file. The kbdcontrol program has an option to load a keyboard map file.
Under <tt>/usr/share/syscons/keymaps</tt> are a number of map Under <tt>/usr/share/syscons/keymaps</tt> are a number of map
@ -1502,9 +1579,11 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
</itemize> </itemize>
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect>Networking <sect>
<heading>Networking</heading>
<sect1>Where can I get information booting FreeBSD ``diskless'', that is booting and running a FreeBSD box from a server rather than having a local disk? <sect1>
<heading>Where can I get information booting FreeBSD ``diskless'', that is booting and running a FreeBSD box from a server rather than having a local disk?</heading>
<p> <p>
Please read the diskless section in the Handbook. It is in Please read the diskless section in the Handbook. It is in
@ -1513,7 +1592,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
<url url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/How/handbook/diskless.html" <url url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/How/handbook/diskless.html"
name="Handbook's section on diskless boot"> name="Handbook's section on diskless boot">
<sect1>I've heard that you can use a FreeBSD box as a dedicated network router - is there any easy support for this? <sect1>
<heading>I've heard that you can use a FreeBSD box as a dedicated network router - is there any easy support for this?</heading>
<p> <p>
Internet standards and good engineering practice prohibit us from Internet standards and good engineering practice prohibit us from
@ -1536,7 +1616,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
standard requirements for routers; however, it comes close enough standard requirements for routers; however, it comes close enough
for ordinary usage. for ordinary usage.
<sect1>Does FreeBSD support SLIP and PPP?</> <sect1>
<heading>Does FreeBSD support SLIP and PPP?</heading>
<p> <p>
Yes. See the man pages for <tt/slattach(8)/ and/or <tt/pppd(8)/ Yes. See the man pages for <tt/slattach(8)/ and/or <tt/pppd(8)/
@ -1555,7 +1636,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
<url url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/How/handbook" <url url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/How/handbook"
name="FreeBSD's Handbook"> name="FreeBSD's Handbook">
<sect1>How do I get my network set up? I don't see how to make my <tt>/dev/ed0</tt> device! <sect1>
<heading>How do I get my network set up? I don't see how to make my <tt>/dev/ed0</tt> device!</heading>
<p> <p>
In the Berkeley networking framework, network interfaces are only In the Berkeley networking framework, network interfaces are only
@ -1568,7 +1650,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
networking on FreeBSD is basically the same as on SunOS 4.0 or networking on FreeBSD is basically the same as on SunOS 4.0 or
Ultrix. Ultrix.
<sect1>How do I get my 3C503 to use the other network port? <sect1>
<heading>How do I get my 3C503 to use the other network port?</heading>
<p> <p>
If you want to use the other ports, you'll have to specify an If you want to use the other ports, you'll have to specify an
@ -1576,7 +1659,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
default port is ``<tt/link0/''. To use the AUI port instead of default port is ``<tt/link0/''. To use the AUI port instead of
the BNC one, use ``<tt/link2/''. the BNC one, use ``<tt/link2/''.
<sect1>I'm having problems with NFS to/from FreeBSD and my Wuffotronics Workstation / generic NFS appliance, where should I look first? <sect1>
<heading>I'm having problems with NFS to/from FreeBSD and my Wuffotronics Workstation / generic NFS appliance, where should I look first?</heading>
<p> <p>
Certain PC network cards are better than others (to put it Certain PC network cards are better than others (to put it
@ -1590,7 +1674,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
for more information on for more information on
this topic. this topic.
<sect1>Why can't I NFS-mount from a Linux box? <sect1>
<heading>Why can't I NFS-mount from a Linux box?</heading>
<p> <p>
Some versions of the Linux NFS code only accept mount requests Some versions of the Linux NFS code only accept mount requests
@ -1599,7 +1684,8 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
mount -o -P linuxbox:/blah /mnt mount -o -P linuxbox:/blah /mnt
</verb> </verb>
<sect1>I want to enable IP multicast support on my FreeBSD box, how do I do it? (Alternatively: What the heck IS multicasting and what applications make use of it?) <sect1>
<heading>I want to enable IP multicast support on my FreeBSD box, how do I do it? (Alternatively: What the heck IS multicasting and what applications make use of it?)</heading>
<p> <p>
Multicast host operations are fully supported in FreeBSD 2.0 by Multicast host operations are fully supported in FreeBSD 2.0 by
@ -1630,12 +1716,14 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
</sect1> </sect1>
<sect> Serial Communications <sect>
<heading>Serial Communications</heading>
<p> <p>
This section answers common questions about serial communications This section answers common questions about serial communications
with FreeBSD. with FreeBSD.
<sect1> How do I tell if FreeBSD found my serial ports or modem cards? <sect1>
<heading>How do I tell if FreeBSD found my serial ports or modem cards?</heading>
<p> <p>
As the FreeBSD kernel boots, it will probe for the serial ports As the FreeBSD kernel boots, it will probe for the serial ports
in your system for which the kernel was configured. You can in your system for which the kernel was configured. You can
@ -1669,12 +1757,14 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
section <ref id="make-kernel" name="about building a kernel"> for section <ref id="make-kernel" name="about building a kernel"> for
more details. more details.
<sect1>Hey, I just upgraded to 2.0.5 and my <tt/tty0X/ are missing ! <sect1>
<heading>Hey, I just upgraded to 2.0.5 and my <tt/tty0X/ are missing!</heading>
<p> <p>
Don't worry, they have been merged with the <tt/ttydX/ Don't worry, they have been merged with the <tt/ttydX/
devices. You'll have to change old configuration files. devices. You'll have to change old configuration files.
<sect1> How do I access the serial ports once FreeBSD is running? <sect1>
<heading>How do I access the serial ports once FreeBSD is running?</heading>
<p> <p>
The third serial port, <tt/sio2/ (known as COM3 in DOS), is on The third serial port, <tt/sio2/ (known as COM3 in DOS), is on
<tt>/dev/cuaa2</tt> for dial-out devices, and on <tt>/dev/cuaa2</tt> for dial-out devices, and on
@ -1693,7 +1783,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
can still dialout with the same modem and the system will take can still dialout with the same modem and the system will take
care of all the conflicts. care of all the conflicts.
<sect1> How do I configure the kernel for my multiport serial card? <sect1>
<heading>How do I configure the kernel for my multiport serial card?</heading>
<p> <p>
Again, the section on kernel configuration provides information Again, the section on kernel configuration provides information
about configuring your kernel. For a multiport serial card, about configuring your kernel. For a multiport serial card,
@ -1716,11 +1807,13 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
(<tt/0x700/), diagnostics enabled during probe (<tt/0x080/), and (<tt/0x700/), diagnostics enabled during probe (<tt/0x080/), and
all the ports share an irq (<tt/0x001/). all the ports share an irq (<tt/0x001/).
<sect1> I have two multiport serial cards that can share irqs. Can FreeBSD handle this? <sect1>
<heading>I have two multiport serial cards that can share irqs. Can FreeBSD handle this?</heading>
<p> <p>
Not yet. You'll have to use a different irq for each card. Not yet. You'll have to use a different irq for each card.
<sect1> What's the difference between <tt/ttyd1/, <tt/ttyid1/, and <tt/ttyld1/? Or, how can I set the default serial parameters for a port? <sect1>
<heading>What's the difference between <tt/ttyd1/, <tt/ttyid1/, and <tt/ttyld1/? Or, how can I set the default serial parameters for a port?</heading>
<p> <p>
The <tt/ttydX/ (or <tt/cuaaX/) device is the regular device The <tt/ttydX/ (or <tt/cuaaX/) device is the regular device
you'll want to open for your applications. When a process opens you'll want to open for your applications. When a process opens
@ -1759,7 +1852,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
devices writable only by <tt/root/. The <tt/MAKEDEV/ script does devices writable only by <tt/root/. The <tt/MAKEDEV/ script does
<bf/NOT/ do this when it creates the device entries. <bf/NOT/ do this when it creates the device entries.
<sect1> How can I enable dialup logins on my modem? <sect1>
<heading>How can I enable dialup logins on my modem?</heading>
<p> <p>
So you want to become an Internet service provider, eh? First, So you want to become an Internet service provider, eh? First,
you'll need one or more modems that can autoanswer. Your modem you'll need one or more modems that can autoanswer. Your modem
@ -1820,7 +1914,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
747 ?? I 0:00.04 /usr/libexec/getty std.57600 ttyd1 747 ?? I 0:00.04 /usr/libexec/getty std.57600 ttyd1
</verb> </verb>
<sect1> How can I make my spare computer a dumb terminal connected to my FreeBSD box? <sect1>
<heading>How can I make my spare computer a dumb terminal connected to my FreeBSD box?</heading>
<p> <p>
If you're using another computer as a terminal into your FreeBSD If you're using another computer as a terminal into your FreeBSD
system, get a null modem cable to go between the two serial system, get a null modem cable to go between the two serial
@ -1838,7 +1933,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
(<tt/std.38400/ from <tt>/etc/gettytab</tt>) and <tt/root/ logins (<tt/std.38400/ from <tt>/etc/gettytab</tt>) and <tt/root/ logins
are allowed (secure). are allowed (secure).
<sect1> Why can't I run <tt/tip/ or <tt/cu/? <sect1>
<heading>Why can't I run <tt/tip/ or <tt/cu/?</heading>
<p> <p>
On your system, the programs <tt/tip/ and <tt/cu/ are probably On your system, the programs <tt/tip/ and <tt/cu/ are probably
executable only by <tt/uucp/ and group <tt/dialer/. You can use executable only by <tt/uucp/ and group <tt/dialer/. You can use
@ -1853,7 +1949,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
You don't have to run this command for <tt/cu/, since <tt/cu/ is You don't have to run this command for <tt/cu/, since <tt/cu/ is
just a hard link to <tt/tip/. just a hard link to <tt/tip/.
<sect1> My stock Hayes modem isn't supported---what should I do? <sect1>
<heading>My stock Hayes modem isn't supported---what should I do?</heading>
<p> <p>
Actually, the man page for <tt/tip/ is out of date. There is a Actually, the man page for <tt/tip/ is out of date. There is a
generic Hayes dialer already built in. Just use generic Hayes dialer already built in. Just use
@ -1878,7 +1975,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
1/''. Then ``<tt/make/'' and ``<tt/make install/''. Everything 1/''. Then ``<tt/make/'' and ``<tt/make install/''. Everything
works nicely after that. works nicely after that.
<sect1> How am I expected to enter these AT commands without resorting to some DOS-based terminal program? <label id="direct-at"> <sect1>
<heading>How am I expected to enter these AT commands without resorting to some DOS-based terminal program?<label id="direct-at"></heading>
<p> <p>
Make what's called a ``<tt/direct/'' entry in your Make what's called a ``<tt/direct/'' entry in your
<tt>/etc/remote</tt> file. For example, if your modem's hooked <tt>/etc/remote</tt> file. For example, if your modem's hooked
@ -1897,7 +1995,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
MAKEDEV cuaa0 MAKEDEV cuaa0
</verb> </verb>
<sect1> Why doesn't the <tt/@/ sign for the phone number capability work? <sect1>
<heading>Why doesn't the <tt/@/ sign for the phone number capability work?</heading>
<p> <p>
The <tt/@/ sign in the pn capability tells tip to look in The <tt/@/ sign in the pn capability tells tip to look in
<tt>/etc/phones</tt> for a phone number. But the <tt/@/ sign is <tt>/etc/phones</tt> for a phone number. But the <tt/@/ sign is
@ -1907,7 +2006,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
pn=\@ pn=\@
</verb> </verb>
<sect1> How can I dial a phone number on the command line? <sect1>
<heading>How can I dial a phone number on the command line?</heading>
<p> <p>
Put what's called a ``<tt/generic/'' entry in your Put what's called a ``<tt/generic/'' entry in your
<tt>/etc/remote</tt> file. For example: <tt>/etc/remote</tt> file. For example:
@ -1926,7 +2026,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
</verb> </verb>
and type ``<tt/cu 5551234 -s 115200/''. and type ``<tt/cu 5551234 -s 115200/''.
<sect1> Great---but how can I do that without having to specify the bps rate on the command line? <sect1>
<heading>Great---but how can I do that without having to specify the bps rate on the command line?</heading>
<p> <p>
Put in an entry for <tt/tip1200/ or <tt/cu1200/, but go ahead and Put in an entry for <tt/tip1200/ or <tt/cu1200/, but go ahead and
use whatever bps rate is appropriate with the br use whatever bps rate is appropriate with the br
@ -1934,7 +2035,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
why it looks for a ``<tt/tip1200/'' entry. You don't have to use why it looks for a ``<tt/tip1200/'' entry. You don't have to use
1200 bps, though. 1200 bps, though.
<sect1> I want separate entries for various hosts I access through a terminal server, but I don't want to type ``<tt/CONNECT &lt;host&gt;/'' each time once I'm connected. Can <tt/tip/ do that for me? <sect1>
<heading>I want separate entries for various hosts I access through a terminal server, but I don't want to type ``<tt/CONNECT &lt;host&gt;/'' each time once I'm connected. Can <tt/tip/ do that for me?</heading>
<p> <p>
Yes. Use the <tt/cm/ capability. For example, these entries in Yes. Use the <tt/cm/ capability. For example, these entries in
<tt>/etc/remote</tt>: <tt>/etc/remote</tt>:
@ -1951,7 +2053,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
connect to the hosts pain or muffin; and ``<tt/tip deep13/'' to connect to the hosts pain or muffin; and ``<tt/tip deep13/'' to
get to the terminal server. get to the terminal server.
<sect1> My university has 42 billion students but only 4 modem lines. Can tip automatically try each line? <sect1>
<heading>My university has 42 billion students but only 4 modem lines. Can tip automatically try each line?</heading>
<p> <p>
Sure. Make an entry for your university in <tt>/etc/remote</tt> Sure. Make an entry for your university in <tt>/etc/remote</tt>
and use <tt>\@</tt> for the <tt/pn/ capability: and use <tt>\@</tt> for the <tt/pn/ capability:
@ -1974,7 +2077,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
<tt/tip/ will try each one in the listed order, then give up. If <tt/tip/ will try each one in the listed order, then give up. If
you want to keep retrying, run <tt/tip/ in a while loop. you want to keep retrying, run <tt/tip/ in a while loop.
<sect1> How come I have to hit CTRL+P twice to send CTRL+P once? <sect1>
<heading>How come I have to hit CTRL+P twice to send CTRL+P once?</heading>
<p> <p>
CTRL+P is the default ``force'' character, used to tell <tt/tip/ CTRL+P is the default ``force'' character, used to tell <tt/tip/
that the next character is literal data. You can set the force that the next character is literal data. You can set the force
@ -1995,7 +2099,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
force=<single-char> force=<single-char>
</verb> </verb>
<sect1> Suddenly everything I type is all UPPER CASE. What gives? <sect1>
<heading>Suddenly everything I type is all UPPER CASE. What gives?</heading>
<p> <p>
You must've pressed CTRL+A, <tt/tip/'s ``raise character,'' You must've pressed CTRL+A, <tt/tip/'s ``raise character,''
specially designed for people with broken caps-lock keys. Use specially designed for people with broken caps-lock keys. Use
@ -2011,7 +2116,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
</verb> </verb>
The ^^ is SHIFT+CTRL+6. The ^^ is SHIFT+CTRL+6.
<sect1> How can I do file transfers with <tt/tip/? <sect1>
<heading>How can I do file transfers with <tt/tip/?</heading>
<p> <p>
If you're talking to another UNIX system, you can send and If you're talking to another UNIX system, you can send and
receive files with <tt/~p/ (put) and <tt/~t/ (take). These receive files with <tt/~p/ (put) and <tt/~t/ (take). These
@ -2025,7 +2131,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
There's no error checking, so you probably should use another There's no error checking, so you probably should use another
protocol, like zmodem. protocol, like zmodem.
<sect1> Okay, how can I run zmodem with <tt/tip/? <sect1>
<heading>Okay, how can I run zmodem with <tt/tip/?</heading>
<p> <p>
To receive files, start the sending program on the remote end. To receive files, start the sending program on the remote end.
Then, type ``<tt/~C rz/'' to begin receiving them locally. Then, type ``<tt/~C rz/'' to begin receiving them locally.
@ -2036,7 +2143,8 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z
</sect> </sect>
<sect>ACKNOWLEDGMENTS <sect>
<heading>ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</heading>
<p> <p>
<code> <code>