Use err(3). Cosmetic in usage(). Rewrote man page in mdoc format.
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Philippe Charnier
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.\" $Id: units.1,v 1.4 1997/02/22 19:57:31 peter Exp $
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.TH UNITS 1 "14 July 1993"
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.SH NAME
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units - conversion program
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.SH SYNTAX
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.B units
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[-f filename] [-q] [to-unit from-unit]
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.SH SUMMARY
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.TP 4
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.B -f filename
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Specifies the name of the units data file to load.
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.LP
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.TP 4
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.B -q
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Suppresses prompting of the user for units and the display of statistics
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.\" $Id: units.1,v 1.5 1997/05/06 03:31:14 alex Exp $
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.Dd July 14, 1993
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.Dt UNITS 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm units
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.Nd conversion program
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.Sh SYNTAX
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.Nm
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.Op Fl f Ar filename
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.Op Fl qv
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.Op Ar to-unit from-unit
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.Sh SUMMARY
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The following options are available:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl f Ar filename
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Specify the name of the units data file to load.
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.It Fl q
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Suppress prompting of the user for units and the display of statistics
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about the number of units loaded.
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.LP
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.TP 4
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.B from-unit to-unit
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Allows a single unit conversion to be done directly from the command
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.It Fl v
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Print the version number.
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.It Ar from-unit to-unit
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Allow a single unit conversion to be done directly from the command
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line. The program will not print prompts. It will print out the
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result of the single specified conversion.
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The units program converts quantities expressed in various scales to
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their equivalents in other scales. The units program can only
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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program converts quantities expressed in various scales to
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their equivalents in other scales. The
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.Nm
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program can only
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handle multiplicative scale changes. It cannot convert Centigrade
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to Fahrenheit, for example. It works interactively by prompting
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the user for input:
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.nf
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.Bd -literal
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You have: meters
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You want: feet
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* 3.2808399
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@ -49,8 +54,8 @@ the user for input:
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You want: cm
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* 1.27
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/ 0.78740157
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.fi
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Powers of units can be specified using the '^' character as shown in
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the example, or by simple concatenation: 'cm3' is equivalent to 'cm^3'.
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Multiplication of units can be specified by using spaces, a dash or
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@ -63,96 +68,92 @@ units program would interpret that as equivalent to '0.5/meter'.
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If you enter incompatible unit types, the units program will
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print a message indicating that the units are not conformable and
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it will display the reduced form for each unit:
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.nf
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.Bd -literal
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You have: ergs/hour
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You want: fathoms kg^2 / day
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conformability error
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2.7777778e-11 kg m^2 / sec^3
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2.1166667e-05 kg^2 m / sec
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.fi
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.LP
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The conversion information is read from a units data file. The default
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file includes definitions for most familiar units, abbreviations and
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metric prefixes. Some constants of nature included are:
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.in +4m
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.ta
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.ta 9m +
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.nf
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pi ratio of circumference to diameter
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c speed of light
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e charge on an electron
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g acceleration of gravity
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force same as g
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mole Avogadro's number
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water pressure per unit height of water
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mercury pressure per unit height of mercury
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au astronomical unit
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.fi
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.in -4m
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.Pp
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.Bl -inset -offset indent -compact
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.It pi ratio of circumference to diameter
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.It c speed of light
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.It e charge on an electron
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.It g acceleration of gravity
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.It force same as g
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.It mole Avogadro's number
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.It water pressure per unit height of water
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.It mercury pressure per unit height of mercury
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.It au astronomical unit
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.El
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.Pp
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The unit 'pound' is a unit of mass. Compound names are run together
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so 'poundforce' is a unit of force. The unit 'ounce' is also a unit
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of mass. The fluid ounce is 'floz'. British units that differ from
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their US counterparts are prefixed with 'br', and currency is prefixed
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with its country name: 'belgiumfranc', 'britainpound'. When searching
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for a unit, if the specified string does not appear exactly as a unit
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name, then the units program will try to remove a trailing 's' or a
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name, then
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.Nm
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will try to remove a trailing 's' or a
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trailing 'es' and check again for a match.
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.LP
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.Pp
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To find out what units are available read the standard units file.
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If you want to add your own units you can supply your own file.
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A unit is specified on a single line by
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giving its name and an equivalence. Be careful to define
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new units in terms of old ones so that a reduction leads to the
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primitive units which are marked with '!' characters.
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The units program will not detect infinite loops that could be caused
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The
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.Nm
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program will not detect infinite loops that could be caused
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by careless unit definitions. Comments in the unit definition file
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begin with a '/' character at the beginning of a line.
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.LP
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.Pp
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Prefixes are defined in the same was as standard units, but with
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a trailing dash at the end of the prefix name. If a unit is not found
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even after removing trailing 's' or 'es', then it will be checked
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against the list of prefixes. Prefixes will be removed until a legal
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base unit is identified.
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.LP
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.Pp
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Here is an example of a short units file that defines some basic
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units.
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.in 17m
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.ta
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.ta 9m +
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.nf
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m !a!
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sec !b!
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micro- 1e-6
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minute 60 sec
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hour 60 min
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inch 0.0254 m
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ft 12 inches
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mile 5280 ft
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.fi
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.in -17m
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.SH BUGS
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.LP
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.Pp
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.Bl -inset -offset indent -compact
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.It m !a!
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.It sec !b!
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.It micro- 1e-6
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.It minute 60 sec
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.It hour 60 min
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.It inch 0.0254 m
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.It ft 12 inches
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.It mile 5280 ft
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.El
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.Sh BUGS
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The effect of including a '/' in a prefix is surprising.
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.LP
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.Pp
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Exponents entered by the user can be only one digit.
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You can work around this by multiplying several terms.
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.LP
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.Pp
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The user must use | to indicate division of numbers and / to
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indicate division of symbols. This distinction should not
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be necessary.
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.LP
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.Pp
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The program contains various arbitrary limits on the length
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of the units converted and on the length of the data file.
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.LP
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.Pp
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The program should use a hash table to store units so that
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it doesn't take so long to load the units list and check
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for duplication.
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.SH FILES
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/usr/share/misc/units.lib - the standard units library
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.SH AUTHOR
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Adrian Mariano (adrian@cam.cornell.edu)
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/misc/units.lib -compact
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.It Pa /usr/share/misc/units.lib
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the standard units library
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.El
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.Sh AUTHOR
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.An Adrian Mariano Aq adrian@cam.cornell.edu
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@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
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/* $Id$ */
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/*
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* units.c Copyright (c) 1993 by Adrian Mariano (adrian@cam.cornell.edu)
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*
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@ -17,10 +15,17 @@
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* improvements you might make to this program.
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*/
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#ifndef lint
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static const char rcsid[] =
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"$Id$";
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#endif /* not lint */
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#include <ctype.h>
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#include <err.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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#include "pathnames.h"
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@ -68,10 +73,8 @@ dupstr(char *str)
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char *ret;
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ret = malloc(strlen(str) + 1);
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if (!ret) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Memory allocation error\n");
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exit(3);
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}
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if (!ret)
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errx(3, "memory allocation error");
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strcpy(ret, str);
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return (ret);
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}
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@ -80,8 +83,7 @@ dupstr(char *str)
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void
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readerror(int linenum)
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{
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fprintf(stderr, "Error in units file '%s' line %d\n", UNITSFILE,
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linenum);
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warnx("error in units file '%s' line %d", UNITSFILE, linenum);
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}
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@ -97,11 +99,8 @@ readunits(char *userfile)
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if (userfile) {
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unitfile = fopen(userfile, "rt");
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if (!unitfile) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open units file '%s'\n",
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userfile);
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exit(1);
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}
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if (!unitfile)
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errx(1, "unable to open units file '%s'", userfile);
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}
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else {
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unitfile = fopen(UNITSFILE, "rt");
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@ -130,11 +129,8 @@ readunits(char *userfile)
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direc = strtok(NULL, separator);
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}
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}
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if (!unitfile) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Can't find units file '%s'\n",
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UNITSFILE);
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exit(1);
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}
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if (!unitfile)
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errx(1, "can't find units file '%s'", UNITSFILE);
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}
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}
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while (!feof(unitfile)) {
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@ -151,15 +147,14 @@ readunits(char *userfile)
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continue;
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if (lineptr[strlen(lineptr) - 1] == '-') { /* it's a prefix */
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if (prefixcount == MAXPREFIXES) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Memory for prefixes exceeded in line %d\n",
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linenum);
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warnx("memory for prefixes exceeded in line %d", linenum);
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continue;
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}
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lineptr[strlen(lineptr) - 1] = 0;
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prefixtable[prefixcount].prefixname = dupstr(lineptr);
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for (i = 0; i < prefixcount; i++)
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if (!strcmp(prefixtable[i].prefixname, lineptr)) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Redefinition of prefix '%s' on line %d ignored\n",
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warnx("redefinition of prefix '%s' on line %d ignored",
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lineptr, linenum);
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continue;
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}
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@ -175,14 +170,13 @@ readunits(char *userfile)
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}
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else { /* it's not a prefix */
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if (unitcount == MAXUNITS) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Memory for units exceeded in line %d\n",
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linenum);
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warnx("memory for units exceeded in line %d", linenum);
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continue;
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}
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unittable[unitcount].uname = dupstr(lineptr);
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for (i = 0; i < unitcount; i++)
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if (!strcmp(unittable[i].uname, lineptr)) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Redefinition of unit '%s' on line %d ignored\n",
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warnx("redefinition of unit '%s' on line %d ignored",
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lineptr, linenum);
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continue;
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}
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@ -215,7 +209,7 @@ addsubunit(char *product[], char *toadd)
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for (ptr = product; *ptr && *ptr != NULLUNIT; ptr++);
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if (ptr >= product + MAXSUBUNITS) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Memory overflow in unit reduction\n");
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warnx("memory overflow in unit reduction");
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return 1;
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}
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if (!*ptr)
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@ -274,7 +268,7 @@ showunit(struct unittype * theunit)
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void
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zeroerror()
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{
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fprintf(stderr, "Unit reduces to zero\n");
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warnx("unit reduces to zero");
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}
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/*
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@ -617,10 +611,8 @@ showanswer(struct unittype * have, struct unittype * want)
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void
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usage()
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{
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fprintf(stderr, "\nunits [-f unitsfile] [-q] [-v] [from-unit to-unit]\n");
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fprintf(stderr, "\n -f specify units file\n");
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fprintf(stderr, " -q supress prompting (quiet)\n");
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fprintf(stderr, " -v print version number\n");
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fprintf(stderr,
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"usage: units [-f unitsfile] [-q] [-v] [from-unit to-unit]\n");
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exit(3);
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}
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@ -635,9 +627,6 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
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char *userfile = 0;
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int quiet = 0;
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extern char *optarg;
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extern int optind;
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while ((optchar = getopt(argc, argv, "vqf:")) != -1) {
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switch (optchar) {
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case 'f':
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@ -675,7 +664,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
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}
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else {
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if (!quiet)
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printf("%d units, %d prefixes\n\n", unitcount,
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printf("%d units, %d prefixes\n", unitcount,
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prefixcount);
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for (;;) {
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do {
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