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Mechanically kill hard sentence breaks.

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ru 2004-07-02 22:22:35 +00:00
parent 2334c79a75
commit fb1d8b3724
81 changed files with 973 additions and 499 deletions
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39
usr.bin/c89/c89.1
View File

@ -60,7 +60,8 @@ object files that are produced.
.It Fl D Ar name Ns Op = Ns Ar value
Define name as if by a C-language
.Ic #define
directive. If
directive.
If
no
.Dq = Ns Ar value
is given, a value of 1 will be used.
@ -69,11 +70,13 @@ translation as specified by
.St -p1003.2
you need to define
.Dv _POSIX_SOURCE
either in the source or using this option. The
either in the source or using this option.
The
.Fl D
option has lower precedence than the
.Fl U
option. That is, if
option.
That is, if
.Ar name
is used in both a
.Fl U
@ -81,7 +84,8 @@ and a
.Fl D
option,
.Ar name
will be undefined regardless of the order of the options. The
will be undefined regardless of the order of the options.
The
.Fl D
option may be specified more than once.
.It Fl E
@ -93,20 +97,24 @@ Produce symbolic information in the object or executable files.
Change the algorithm for searching for headers whose names are not
absolute pathnames to look in the directory named by the
.Ar directory
pathname before looking in the usual places. Thus, headers whose
pathname before looking in the usual places.
Thus, headers whose
names are enclosed in double-quotes ("") will be searched for first
in the directory of the file with the
.Ic #include
line, then in
directories named in
.Fl I
options, and last in the usual places. For
options, and last in the usual places.
For
headers whose names are enclosed in angle brackets (<>), the header
will be searched for only in directories named in
.Fl I
options and then in the usual places. Directories named in
options and then in the usual places.
Directories named in
.Fl I
options shall be searched in the order specified. The
options shall be searched in the order specified.
The
.Fl I
option may be specified more than once.
.It Fl L Ar directory
@ -114,9 +122,11 @@ Change the algorithm of searching for the libraries named in the
.Fl l
objects to look in the directory named by the
.Ar directory
pathname before looking in the usual places. Directories named in
pathname before looking in the usual places.
Directories named in
.Fl L
options will be searched in the order specified. The
options will be searched in the order specified.
The
.Fl L
option may be specified more than once.
.It Fl o Ar outfile
@ -141,11 +151,14 @@ option may be specified more than once.
.Pp
An operand is either in the form of a pathname or the form
.Fl l
library. At least one operand of the pathname form needs to be
specified. Supported operands are of the form:
library.
At least one operand of the pathname form needs to be
specified.
Supported operands are of the form:
.Bl -tag -offset indent -width "-l library"
.It Ar file Ns Pa .c
A C-language source file to be compiled and optionally linked. The
A C-language source file to be compiled and optionally linked.
The
operand must be of this form if the
.Fl c
option is used.

6
usr.bin/calendar/calendar.1
View File

@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ or negative integer.
``Paskha'', is Orthodox Easter for this year, and may be followed by a
positive or negative integer.
.Pp
Weekdays may be followed by ``-4'' ... ``+5'' (aliases for
Weekdays may be followed by ``-4'' ...\& ``+5'' (aliases for
last, first, second, third, fourth) for moving events like
``the last Monday in April''.
.Pp
@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ Calendar of events in France.
.It Pa calendar.german
Calendar of events in Germany.
.It Pa calendar.history
Everything else, mostly U.S. historical events.
Everything else, mostly U.S.\& historical events.
.It Pa calendar.holiday
Other holidays, including the not-well-known, obscure, and
.Em really
@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ Russian calendar.
.It Pa calendar.southafrica
Calendar of events in South Africa.
.It Pa calendar.usholiday
U.S. holidays.
U.S.\& holidays.
This calendar should be updated yearly by the local system administrator
so that roving holidays are set correctly for the current year.
.It Pa calendar.world

6
usr.bin/checknr/checknr.1
View File

@ -90,11 +90,11 @@ size changes.
Delimiters checked are:
.Bl -enum
.It
Font changes using \efx ... \efP.
Font changes using \efx ...\& \efP.
.It
Size changes using \esx ... \es0.
Size changes using \esx ...\& \es0.
.It
Macros that come in open ... close forms, for example,
Macros that come in open ...\& close forms, for example,
the .TS and .TE macros which must always come in pairs.
.El
.Pp

6
usr.bin/chpass/chpass.1
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@ -163,7 +163,8 @@ Both of these fields should be unique across the system (and often
across a group of systems) as they control file access.
.Pp
While it is possible to have multiple entries with identical login names
and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so. Routines
and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so.
Routines
that manipulate these files will often return only one of the multiple
entries, and that one by random selection.
.Pp
@ -447,7 +448,8 @@ When invoked by the super-user on the NIS master server,
allows unrestricted changes to the NIS passwd maps using dedicated,
non-RPC-based mechanism (in this case, a
.Ux
domain socket). The
domain socket).
The
.Fl o
flag can be used to force
.Nm

3
usr.bin/compress/compress.1
View File

@ -128,7 +128,8 @@ If it is increasing,
continues to use the existing code dictionary.
However, if the compression ratio decreases,
.Nm
discards the table of substrings and rebuilds it from scratch. This allows
discards the table of substrings and rebuilds it from scratch.
This allows
the algorithm to adapt to the next "block" of the file.
.Pp
The

6
usr.bin/du/du.1
View File

@ -72,11 +72,13 @@ This is the default.
.It Fl a
Display an entry for each file in a file hierarchy.
.It Fl h
"Human-readable" output. Use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte,
"Human-readable" output.
Use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte,
Gigabyte, Terabyte and Petabyte
.It Fl r
Generate messages about directories that cannot be read, files
that cannot be opened, and so on. This is the default case.
that cannot be opened, and so on.
This is the default case.
This option exists solely for conformance with
.St -xpg4 .
.It Fl s

128
usr.bin/ee/ee.1
View File

@ -20,9 +20,11 @@
The
.Nm
utility
is a simple screen oriented text editor. It is always in text insertion
is a simple screen oriented text editor.
It is always in text insertion
mode unless there is a prompt at the bottom of the terminal, or a
menu present (in a box in the middle of the terminal). The
menu present (in a box in the middle of the terminal).
The
.Nm ree
utility is the same as
.Nm ,
@ -33,12 +35,14 @@ For
.Nm
to work properly, the environment variable
.Ev TERM
must be set to indicate the type of terminal being used. For
must be set to indicate the type of terminal being used.
For
example, for an
.Tn HP 700/92
terminal, the
.Ev TERM
variable should be set to "70092". See your System Administrator if
variable should be set to "70092".
See your System Administrator if
you need more information.
.Pp
The following options are available:
@ -67,7 +71,8 @@ arrow keys, etc.).
Since not all terminals have function keys,
.Nm
has the basic cursor movement functions assigned to control keys as
well as more intuitive keys on the keyboard when available. For
well as more intuitive keys on the keyboard when available.
For
instance, to move the cursor up, the user can use the up arrow key,
or
.Em ^u .
@ -126,9 +131,11 @@ Pop up menu.
.Ss "EMACS keys mode"
Since many shells provide an Emacs mode (for cursor movement and other editing
operations), some bindings that may be more useful for people familiar with
those bindings have been provided. These are accessible via the
those bindings have been provided.
These are accessible via the
.Em settings
menu, or via the initialization file (see below). The mappings are as follows:
menu, or via the initialization file (see below).
The mappings are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It ^a
Move to the beginning of the line.
@ -196,10 +203,12 @@ Move the cursor in the direction indicated.
.El
.Ss Commands
Some operations require more information than a single keystroke can
provide. For the most basic operations, there is a menu that can be
provide.
For the most basic operations, there is a menu that can be
obtained by pressing the
.Tn ESC
key. The same operations, and more can be performed by obtaining the
key.
The same operations, and more can be performed by obtaining the
command prompt (^c) and typing in one of the commands below.
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It ! Ns Ar cmd
@ -242,8 +251,10 @@ key (or
.Em ^[
if no
.Em escape
key is present). When in the menu, the escape key can be
used to leave the menu without performing any operations. Use the up and
key is present).
When in the menu, the escape key can be
used to leave the menu without performing any operations.
Use the up and
down arrow keys, or
.Em ^u
for moving up and
@ -272,11 +283,14 @@ the editor to a print command (see the section
.It redraw screen
Provide a means to repaint the screen if the screen has been corrupted.
.It settings
Show the current values of the operating modes, and right margin. By
Show the current values of the operating modes, and right margin.
By
pressing return when the cursor is on a particular item, the value can be
changed. To leave this menu, press the
changed.
To leave this menu, press the
.Em escape
key. (See
key.
(See
.Sx Modes
below.)
.It search
@ -304,7 +318,8 @@ A paragraph may be formatted two ways: explicitly by choosing the
menu item, or by setting
.Nm
to automatically
format paragraphs. The automatic mode may be set via a menu, or via the
format paragraphs.
The automatic mode may be set via a menu, or via the
initialization file.
.Pp
There are three states for text operation in
@ -312,29 +327,34 @@ There are three states for text operation in
free-form, margins,
and automatic formatting.
.Pp
"Free-form" is best used for things like programming. There are no
"Free-form" is best used for things like programming.
There are no
restrictions on the length of lines, and no formatting takes place.
.Pp
"Margins" allows the user to type in text without having to worry about going
beyond the right margin (the right margin may be set in the
.Em settings
menu, the default is for the margin to be the right edge of the
terminal). This is the mode that allows the
terminal).
This is the mode that allows the
.Em format paragraph
menu item to work.
.Pp
"Automatic formatting" provides word-processor-like behavior. The user
"Automatic formatting" provides word-processor-like behavior.
The user
may type in text, while
.Nm
will make sure the entire paragraph fits
within the width of the terminal every time the user inserts a space after
typing or deleting text. Margin observation must also be enabled in order for
typing or deleting text.
Margin observation must also be enabled in order for
automatic formatting to occur.
.Ss Modes
Although
.Nm
is a 'modeless' editor (it is in text insertion mode all the
time), there are modes in some of the things it does. These include:
time), there are modes in some of the things it does.
These include:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It tab expansion
Tabs may be inserted as a single tab character, or replaced with spaces.
@ -348,7 +368,7 @@ While typing in text, the editor can try to keep it looking reasonably well
within the width of the screen.
.It eightbit characters
Toggle whether eight bit characters are displayed as their value in angle
brackets (e.g. "<220>") or as a character.
brackets (e.g.\& "<220>") or as a character.
.It info window
A window showing the keyboard operations that can be performed can be
displayed or not.
@ -356,7 +376,8 @@ displayed or not.
Control keys may be given bindings similar to emacs, or not.
.It 16 bit characters
Toggles whether sixteen bit characters are handled as one 16-bit quantities or
two 8-bit quantities. This works primarily with the Chinese Big 5 code set.
two 8-bit quantities.
This works primarily with the Chinese Big 5 code set.
.El
.Pp
You may set these modes via the initialization file (see below), or with a
@ -374,7 +395,8 @@ command.
Using
.Nm spell ,
the words that are not recognized will be placed at the top
of the file. For the
of the file.
For the
.Nm ispell
option, the file is written to disk,
then
@ -391,13 +413,15 @@ initialization command
.Em printcommand
(see the section
.Sx Initializing ee from a file
below). The default is to send the contents to
below).
The default is to send the contents to
.Xr lp 1 .
.Pp
Whatever the user assigns to
.Em printcommand
must take input from
standard input. See your system administrator for more details.
standard input.
See your system administrator for more details.
.Ss "Shell operations"
Shell commands can be executed from within
.Nm
@ -408,25 +432,31 @@ item in the
menu, or by placing an exclamation mark ("!") before the command to
execute at the
.Em command:
prompt. Additionally, the user may direct the contents of the edit buffer
prompt.
Additionally, the user may direct the contents of the edit buffer
out to a shell operation (via a pipe) by using the left angle bracket
(">"), followed by a "!" and the shell command to execute. The output of
(">"), followed by a "!" and the shell command to execute.
The output of
a shell operation can also be directed into the edit buffer by using a
right angle bracket ("<") before the exclamation mark. These can even be
right angle bracket ("<") before the exclamation mark.
These can even be
used together to send output to a shell operation and read back the
results into the editor. So, if the editor contained a list of words
results into the editor.
So, if the editor contained a list of words
to be sorted, they could be sorted by typing the following at the command
prompt:
.Dl ><!sort
This would send the contents of the editor to be piped into the
.Xr sort 1
utility and the result would be placed into the edit buffer at the current
cursor location. The old information would have to be deleted by the user.
cursor location.
The old information would have to be deleted by the user.
.Ss "Initializing ee from a file"
Since different users have different preferences,
.Nm
allows some
slight configurability. There are three possible locations for an
slight configurability.
There are three possible locations for an
initialization file for
.Nm :
the file
@ -436,7 +466,8 @@ the file
in the user's home directory, or the file
.Pa .init.ee
in the current directory (if different from the home
directory). This allows system administrators to set some preferences for
directory).
This allows system administrators to set some preferences for
the users on a system-wide basis (for example, the
.Em print
command),
@ -518,38 +549,48 @@ the editor (see
.Sx Initializing ee from a file
above) to a file named
.Pa .init.ee
in the current directory or the user's home directory. If a file named
in the current directory or the user's home directory.
If a file named
.Pa .init.ee
already exists, it will be renamed
.Pa .init.ee.old .
.Sh CAVEATS
THIS MATERIAL IS PROVIDED "AS IS". THERE ARE
THIS MATERIAL IS PROVIDED "AS IS".
THERE ARE
NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS
MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Neither
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Neither
Hewlett-Packard nor Hugh Mahon shall be liable
for errors contained herein, nor for
incidental or consequential damages in
connection with the furnishing, performance or
use of this material. Neither Hewlett-Packard
use of this material.
Neither Hewlett-Packard
nor Hugh Mahon assumes any responsibility for
the use or reliability of this software or
documentation. This software and
documentation is totally UNSUPPORTED. There
is no support contract available. Hewlett-Packard
documentation.
This software and
documentation is totally UNSUPPORTED.
There
is no support contract available.
Hewlett-Packard
has done NO Quality Assurance on ANY
of the program or documentation. You may find
of the program or documentation.
You may find
the quality of the materials inferior to
supported materials.
.Pp
Always make a copy of files that cannot be easily reproduced before
editing. Save files early, and save often.
editing.
Save files early, and save often.
.Ss "International Code Set Support"
The
.Nm
utility supports single-byte character code sets (eight-bit clean), or the
Chinese Big-5 code set. (Other multi-byte code sets may function, but the
Chinese Big-5 code set.
(Other multi-byte code sets may function, but the
reason Big-5 works is that a two-byte character also takes up two columns on
the screen.)
.Sh WARNINGS
@ -569,7 +610,8 @@ was developed by
.Pp
This software and documentation contains
proprietary information which is protected by
copyright. All rights are reserved.
copyright.
All rights are reserved.
.Pp
Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1995, 1996 Hugh Mahon.
.Sh "SEE ALSO"

16
usr.bin/enigma/enigma.1
View File

@ -31,14 +31,17 @@ is a
.Em very
simple encryption program, working on a
.Dq secret-key
basis. It operates as a filter, i. e. it encrypts or decrypts a
basis.
It operates as a filter, i.e.,
it encrypts or decrypts a
stream of data from standard input, and writes the result to standard
output.
Since its operation is fully symmetrical, feeding the encrypted data
stream again through the engine (using the same secret key) will
decrypt it.
.Pp
There are several ways to provide the secret key to the program. By
There are several ways to provide the secret key to the program.
By
default, the program prompts the user on the controlling terminal for
the key, using
.Xr getpass 3 .
@ -47,7 +50,8 @@ This is the only safe way of providing it.
Alternatively, the key can be provided as the sole command-line
argument
.Ar password
when starting the program. Obviously, this way the key can easily be
when starting the program.
Obviously, this way the key can easily be
spotted by other users running
.Xr ps 1 .
As yet another alternative,
@ -73,7 +77,8 @@ little more secure, but incompatible with other implementations.
.Ss Warning
The cryptographic value of
.Nm
is rather small. This program is only provided here for compatibility
is rather small.
This program is only provided here for compatibility
with other operating systems that also provide an implementation
(usually called
.Xr crypt 1
@ -121,6 +126,7 @@ Implementations of
.Nm crypt
are very common among
.Ux
operating systems. This implementation has been taken from the
operating systems.
This implementation has been taken from the
.Em Cryptbreakers Workbench
which is in the public domain.

3
usr.bin/expand/expand.1
View File

@ -81,7 +81,8 @@ The following options are available:
.Nm ( unexpand
only.)
By default, only leading blanks and tabs
are reconverted to maximal strings of tabs. If the
are reconverted to maximal strings of tabs.
If the
.Fl a
option is given, then tabs are inserted whenever they would compress the
resultant file by replacing two or more characters.

4
usr.bin/file/file.1
View File

@ -424,7 +424,9 @@ directory (source for the
file) is too long to include here.
You know who you are; thank you.
.Sh LEGAL NOTICE
Copyright (c) Ian F. Darwin, Toronto, Canada, 1986-1999.
Copyright (c)
.An Ian F. Darwin ,
Toronto, Canada, 1986-1999.
Covered by the standard Berkeley Software Distribution copyright; see the file
.Pa LEGAL.NOTICE
in the source distribution.

23
usr.bin/file/magic.5
View File

@ -105,15 +105,17 @@ The numeric types may optionally be followed by
.Em &
and a numeric value,
to specify that the value is to be AND'ed with the
numeric value before any comparisons are done. Prepending a
numeric value before any comparisons are done.
Prepending a
.Em u
to the type indicates that ordered comparisons should be unsigned.
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It test
The value to be compared with the value from the file. If the type is
The value to be compared with the value from the file.
If the type is
numeric, this value
is specified in C form; if it is a string, it is specified as a C string
with the usual escapes permitted (e.g. \en for new-line).
with the usual escapes permitted (e.g.\& \en for new-line).
.It ""
Numeric values
may be preceded by a character indicating the operation to be performed.
@ -157,12 +159,14 @@ and
.Em & )
can be applied to strings.
The length used for matching is that of the string argument
in the magic file. This means that a line can match any string, and
in the magic file.
This means that a line can match any string, and
then presumably print that string, by doing
.Em >\e0
(because all strings are greater than the null string).
.It message
The message to be printed if the comparison succeeds. If the string
The message to be printed if the comparison succeeds.
If the string
contains a
.Xr printf 3
format specification, the value from the file (with any specified masking
@ -170,9 +174,11 @@ performed) is printed using the message as the format string.
.El
.Pp
Some file formats contain additional information which is to be printed
along with the file type. A line which begins with the character
along with the file type.
A line which begins with the character
.Em >
indicates additional tests and messages to be printed. The number of
indicates additional tests and messages to be printed.
The number of
.Em >
on the line indicates the level of the test; a line with no
.Em >
@ -186,7 +192,8 @@ If the test on a line at level
.Em n
succeeds, the tests specified in all the subsequent lines at level
.Em n+1
are performed, and the messages printed if the tests succeed. The next
are performed, and the messages printed if the tests succeed.
The next
line at level
.Em n
terminates this.

9
usr.bin/finger/finger.1
View File

@ -94,7 +94,8 @@ option, the office location and office phone information is displayed
instead of the name of the remote host.
.It Fl g
This option restricts the gecos output to only the users' real
name. It also has the side-effect of restricting the output
name.
It also has the side-effect of restricting the output
of the remote host when used in conjunction with the
.Fl h
option.
@ -247,6 +248,8 @@ command appeared in
.Bx 3.0 .
.Sh BUGS
The current FINGER protocol RFC requires that the client keep the connection
fully open until the server closes. This prevents the use of the optimal
three-packet T/TCP exchange. (Servers which depend on this requirement are
fully open until the server closes.
This prevents the use of the optimal
three-packet T/TCP exchange.
(Servers which depend on this requirement are
bogus but have nonetheless been observed in the Internet at large.)

21
usr.bin/fstat/fstat.1
View File

@ -79,7 +79,8 @@ which is the kernel image the system has booted from.
Include memory-mapped files in the listing; normally these are excluded
due to the extra processing required.
.It Fl n
Numerical format. Print the device number (maj,min) of the file system
Numerical format.
Print the device number (maj,min) of the file system
the file resides in rather than the mount point name; for special
files, print the
device number that the special device refers to rather than the filename
@ -91,12 +92,15 @@ Report all files open by the specified process.
.It Fl u
Report all files open by the specified user.
.It Fl v
Verbose mode. Print error messages upon failures to locate particular
system data structures rather than silently ignoring them. Most of
Verbose mode.
Print error messages upon failures to locate particular
system data structures rather than silently ignoring them.
Most of
these data structures are dynamically created or deleted and it is
possible for them to disappear while
.Nm
is running. This
is running.
This
is normal and unavoidable since the rest of the system is running while
.Nm
itself is running.
@ -145,7 +149,8 @@ major/minor number of the device that this file resides in.
.It Li INUM
The inode number of the file.
.It Li MODE
The mode of the file. If the
The mode of the file.
If the
.Fl n
flag isn't specified, the mode is printed
using a symbolic format (see
@ -154,7 +159,8 @@ otherwise, the mode is printed
as an octal number.
.It Li SZ\&|DV
If the file is not a character or block special, prints the size of
the file in bytes. Otherwise, if the
the file in bytes.
Otherwise, if the
.Fl n
flag is not specified, prints
the name of the special file as located in
@ -177,7 +183,8 @@ flag is not, then
this field is present and is the name associated with the given file.
Normally the name cannot be determined since there is no mapping
from an open file back to the directory entry that was used to open
that file. Also, since different directory entries may reference
that file.
Also, since different directory entries may reference
the same file (via
.Xr ln 1 ) ,
the name printed may not be the actual

6
usr.bin/gcore/gcore.1
View File

@ -68,8 +68,10 @@ Write the core file to the specified file instead of
.Dq Pa core.<pid> .
.It Fl s
Stop the process while gathering the core image, and resume it
when done. This guarantees that the resulting core dump will
be in a consistent state. The process is resumed even if it was
when done.
This guarantees that the resulting core dump will
be in a consistent state.
The process is resumed even if it was
already stopped.
The same effect can be achieved manually with
.Xr kill 1 .

45
usr.bin/gencat/gencat.1
View File

@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ into a formatted message catalog file
.Ar "output-file" .
The file
.Ar "output-file"
will be created if it does not already exist. If
will be created if it does not already exist.
If
.Ar "output-file"
does exist, its messages will be included in the new
.Ar "output-file" .
@ -54,7 +55,8 @@ If set and message numbers collide, the new message text defined in
will replace the old message text currently contained in
.Ar "output-file" .
.Sh INPUT FILES
The format of a message text source file is defined below. Note that
The format of a message text source file is defined below.
Note that
the fields of a message text source line are separated by a single space
character: any other space characters are considered to be part of the
field contents.
@ -64,21 +66,27 @@ field contents.
This line specifies the set identifier of the following messages until
the next
.Li $set
or end-of-file appears. The argument
or end-of-file appears.
The argument
.Ar n
is the set identifier which is defined as a number in the range
[1, (NL_SETMAX)]. Set identifiers must occur in ascending order within
a single source file, but need not be contiguous. Any string following
a space following the set identifier is treated as a comment. If no
[1, (NL_SETMAX)].
Set identifiers must occur in ascending order within
a single source file, but need not be contiguous.
Any string following
a space following the set identifier is treated as a comment.
If no
.Li $set
directive is specified in a given source file, all messages will
be located in the default message set NL_SETD.
.It Li $del Ar n comment
This line deletes messages from set
.Ar n
from a message catalog. The
from a message catalog.
The
.Ar n
specifies a set number. Any string following a space following the set
specifies a set number.
Any string following a space following the set
number is treated as a comment.
.It Li $ Ar comment
A line beginning with
@ -87,7 +95,8 @@ followed by a space is treated as a comment.
.It Ar m message-text
A message line consists of a message identifier
.Ar m
in the range [1, (NL_MSGMAX)]. The
in the range [1, (NL_MSGMAX)].
The
.Ar message-text
is stored in the message catalog with the set identifier specified by
the last
@ -97,13 +106,16 @@ directive, and the message identifier
If the
.Ar message-text
is empty, and there is a space character following the message identifier,
an empty string is stored in the message catalog. If the
an empty string is stored in the message catalog.
If the
.Ar message-text
is empty, and if there is no space character following the message
identifier, then the existing message in the current set with the
specified message identifier is deleted from the catalog. Message
specified message identifier is deleted from the catalog.
Message
identifiers must be in ascending order within a single set, but
need not be contiguous. The
need not be contiguous.
The
.Ar message-text
length must be in the range [0, (NL_TEXTMAX)].
.It Li $quote Ar c
@ -112,19 +124,22 @@ This line specifies an optional quote character
which can be used to surround
.Ar message-text
so that trailing space or empty messages are visible in message
source files. By default, or if an empty
source files.
By default, or if an empty
.Li $quote
directive is specified, no quoting of
.Ar message-text
will be recognized.
.El
.Pp
Empty lines in message source files are ignored. The effect of lines
Empty lines in message source files are ignored.
The effect of lines
beginning with any character other than those described above is
undefined.
.Pp
Text strings can contain the following special characters and escape
sequences. In addition, if a quote character is defined, it may be
sequences.
In addition, if a quote character is defined, it may be
escaped as well to embed a literal quote character.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "\eooo" -offset indent -compact

6
usr.bin/getopt/getopt.1
View File

@ -109,7 +109,8 @@ has.
.Pp
Arguments containing white space or embedded shell metacharacters
generally will not survive intact; this looks easy to fix but
isn't. People trying to fix
isn't.
People trying to fix
.Nm
or the example in this manpage should check the history of this file
in
@ -129,6 +130,7 @@ command to set the arguments without disrupting the value(s) of
shell options varies from one shell version to another.
.Pp
Each shellscript has to carry complex code to parse arguments halfway
correctly (like the example presented here). A better getopt-like tool
correctly (like the example presented here).
A better getopt-like tool
would move much of the complexity into the tool and keep the client
shell scripts simpler.

8
usr.bin/gprof/gprof.1
View File

@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ option also links in versions of the library routines
that are compiled for profiling.
By convention these libraries have their name suffixed with
.Pa _p ,
i.e. the profiled version of
i.e., the profiled version of
.Pa libc.a
is
.Pa libc_p.a
@ -237,10 +237,12 @@ to accumulate profile data across several runs of an
file.
.It Fl u
Suppress the printing of functions whose names are not visible to
C programs. For the ELF object format, this means names that
C programs.
For the ELF object format, this means names that
contain the
.Ql .\&
character. For the a.out object format, it means names that do not
character.
For the a.out object format, it means names that do not
begin with a
.Ql _
character.

6
usr.bin/hesinfo/hesinfo.1
View File

@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ database.
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Aq Ar username
the 8\-character\-or\-less string used to identify users or classes
(e.g. joeuser, root, 1.00, etc).
(e.g.\& joeuser, root, 1.00, etc).
Used with the
.Ar Hesiod_Name_Types
.Cm passwd ,
@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ the name of an
.Tn NFS
server and its partition separated by a colon.
.It Aq Ar workstation\-name
the machine name of an Athena workstation (e.g. E40\-343\-3).
the machine name of an Athena workstation (e.g.\& E40\-343\-3).
.It Aq Ar service\-name
name of an Athena service (e.g. Zephyr).
name of an Athena service (e.g.\& Zephyr).
.It Aq Ar service\-type
name of
.Ux

2
usr.bin/hexdump/hexdump.1
View File

@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ If, as a result of the specification of the
.Fl n
option or end-of-file being reached, input data only partially
satisfies a format string, the input block is zero-padded sufficiently
to display all available data (i.e. any format units overlapping the
to display all available data (i.e., any format units overlapping the
end of data will display some number of the zero bytes).
.Pp
Further output by such format strings is replaced by an equivalent

150
usr.bin/indent/indent.1
View File

@ -88,12 +88,15 @@ The
.Nm
utility is a
.Em C
program formatter. It reformats the
program formatter.
It reformats the
.Em C
program in the
.Ar input-file
according to the switches. The switches which can be
specified are described below. They may appear before or after the file
according to the switches.
The switches which can be
specified are described below.
They may appear before or after the file
names.
.Pp
.Sy NOTE :
@ -104,7 +107,8 @@ done `in-place', that is, the formatted file is written back into
.Ar input-file
and a backup copy of
.Ar input-file
is written in the current directory. If
is written in the current directory.
If
.Ar input-file
is named
.Sq Pa /blah/blah/file ,
@ -125,24 +129,28 @@ The options listed below control the formatting style imposed by
If
.Fl bad
is specified, a blank line is forced after every block of
declarations. Default:
declarations.
Default:
.Fl nbad .
.It Fl bap , nbap
If
.Fl bap
is specified, a blank line is forced after every procedure body. Default:
is specified, a blank line is forced after every procedure body.
Default:
.Fl nbap .
.It Fl bbb , nbbb
If
.Fl bbb
is specified, a blank line is forced before every block comment. Default:
is specified, a blank line is forced before every block comment.
Default:
.Fl nbbb .
.It Fl \&bc , nbc
If
.Fl \&bc
is specified, then a newline is forced after each comma in a declaration.
.Fl nbc
turns off this option. Default:
turns off this option.
Default:
.Fl \&nbc .
.It Fl \&br , \&bl
Specifying
@ -165,12 +173,15 @@ if (...) {
.Ed
.Pp
.It Fl c Ns Ar n
The column in which comments on code start. The default is 33.
The column in which comments on code start.
The default is 33.
.It Fl cd Ns Ar n
The column in which comments on declarations start. The default
The column in which comments on declarations start.
The default
is for these comments to start in the same column as those on code.
.It Fl cdb , ncdb
Enables (disables) the placement of comment delimiters on blank lines. With
Enables (disables) the placement of comment delimiters on blank lines.
With
this option enabled, comments look like this:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
/*
@ -184,18 +195,21 @@ Rather than like this:
.Ed
.Pp
This only affects block comments, not comments to the right of
code. The default is
code.
The default is
.Fl cdb .
.It Fl ce , nce
Enables (disables) forcing of `else's to cuddle up to the immediately preceding
`}'. The default is
`}'.
The default is
.Fl \&ce .
.It Fl \&ci Ns Ar n
Sets the continuation indent to be
.Ar n .
Continuation
lines will be indented that far from the beginning of the first line of the
statement. Parenthesized expressions have extra indentation added to
statement.
Parenthesized expressions have extra indentation added to
indicate the nesting, unless
.Fl \&lp
is in effect
@ -210,17 +224,21 @@ tab stops to the right of the containing
.Ic switch
statement.
.Fl cli0.5
causes case labels to be indented half a tab stop. The
causes case labels to be indented half a tab stop.
The
default is
.Fl cli0 .
.It Fl d Ns Ar n
Controls the placement of comments which are not to the
right of code. For example,
right of code.
For example,
.Fl \&d\&1
means that such comments are placed one indentation level to the
left of code. Specifying the default
left of code.
Specifying the default
.Fl \&d\&0
lines-up these comments with the code. See the section on comment
lines-up these comments with the code.
See the section on comment
indentation below.
.It Fl \&di Ns Ar n
Specifies the indentation, in character positions,
@ -232,18 +250,21 @@ The default is
.Fl \&dj
left justifies declarations.
.Fl ndj
indents declarations the same as code. The default is
indents declarations the same as code.
The default is
.Fl ndj .
.It Fl \&ei , nei
Enables (disables) special
.Ic else-if
processing. If it's enabled, an
processing.
If it's enabled, an
.Ic if
following an
.Ic else
will have the same indentation as the preceding
.Ic \&if
statement. The default is
statement.
The default is
.Fl ei .
.It Fl fbs , nfbs
Enables (disables) splitting the function declaration and opening brace
@ -253,10 +274,12 @@ The default is
.It Fl fc1 , nfc1
Enables (disables) the formatting of comments that start in column 1.
Often, comments whose leading `/' is in column 1 have been carefully
hand formatted by the programmer. In such cases,
hand formatted by the programmer.
In such cases,
.Fl nfc1
should be
used. The default is
used.
The default is
.Fl fc1 .
.It Fl fcb , nfcb
Enables (disables) the formatting of block comments (ones that begin
@ -271,13 +294,16 @@ Block comments are then handled like box comments.
The default is
.Fl fcb .
.It Fl i Ns Ar n
The number of spaces for one indentation level. The default is 8.
The number of spaces for one indentation level.
The default is 8.
.It Fl \&ip , nip
Enables (disables) the indentation of parameter declarations from the left
margin. The default is
margin.
The default is
.Fl \&ip .
.It Fl l Ns Ar n
Maximum length of an output line. The default is 78.
Maximum length of an output line.
The default is 78.
.It Fl \&ldi Ns Ar n
Specifies the indentation, in character positions,
of local variable names
@ -285,10 +311,12 @@ relative to the beginning of their type declaration.
The default is for local variable names to be indented
by the same amount as global ones.
.It Fl \&lp , nlp
Lines-up code surrounded by parenthesis in continuation lines. If a line
Lines-up code surrounded by parenthesis in continuation lines.
If a line
has a left paren which is not closed on that line, then continuation lines
will be lined up to start at the character position just after the left
paren. For example, here is how a piece of continued code looks with
paren.
For example, here is how a piece of continued code looks with
.Fl nlp
in effect:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
@ -321,24 +349,29 @@ to be ignored.
If true
.Pq Fl pcs
all procedure calls will have a space inserted between
the name and the `('. The default is
the name and the `('.
The default is
.Fl npcs .
.It Fl psl , npsl
If true
.Pq Fl psl
the names of procedures being defined are placed in
column 1 \- their types, if any, will be left on the previous lines. The
column 1 \- their types, if any, will be left on the previous lines.
The
default is
.Fl psl .
.It Fl \&sc , nsc
Enables (disables) the placement of asterisks (`*'s) at the left edge of all
comments. The default is
comments.
The default is
.Fl sc .
.It Fl sob , nsob
If
.Fl sob
is specified, indent will swallow optional blank lines. You can use this to
get rid of blank lines after declarations. Default:
is specified, indent will swallow optional blank lines.
You can use this to
get rid of blank lines after declarations.
Default:
.Fl nsob .
.It Fl \&st
Causes
@ -347,14 +380,17 @@ to take its input from stdin and put its output to stdout.
.It Fl T Ns Ar typename
Adds
.Ar typename
to the list of type keywords. Names accumulate:
to the list of type keywords.
Names accumulate:
.Fl T
can be specified more than once. You need to specify all the typenames that
can be specified more than once.
You need to specify all the typenames that
appear in your program that are defined by
.Ic typedef
\- nothing will be
harmed if you miss a few, but the program won't be formatted as nicely as
it should. This sounds like a painful thing to have to do, but it's really
it should.
This sounds like a painful thing to have to do, but it's really
a symptom of a problem in C:
.Ic typedef
causes a syntactic change in the
@ -382,10 +418,12 @@ The default is
.Fl v
turns on `verbose' mode;
.Fl \&nv
turns it off. When in verbose mode,
turns it off.
When in verbose mode,
.Nm
reports when it splits one line of input into two or more lines of output,
and gives some size statistics at completion. The default is
and gives some size statistics at completion.
The default is
.Fl \&nv .
.El
.Pp
@ -394,12 +432,16 @@ You may set up your own `profile' of defaults to
by creating a file called
.Pa .indent.pro
in your login directory and/or the current directory and including
whatever switches you like. A `.indent.pro' in the current directory takes
precedence over the one in your login directory. If
whatever switches you like.
A `.indent.pro' in the current directory takes
precedence over the one in your login directory.
If
.Nm
is run and a profile file exists, then it is read to set up the program's
defaults. Switches on the command line, though, always override profile
switches. The switches should be separated by spaces, tabs or newlines.
defaults.
Switches on the command line, though, always override profile
switches.
The switches should be separated by spaces, tabs or newlines.
.Pp
.Ss Comments
.Sq Em Box
@ -418,28 +460,34 @@ All other comments are treated as straight text.
The
.Nm
utility fits as many words (separated by blanks, tabs, or newlines) on a
line as possible. Blank lines break paragraphs.
line as possible.
Blank lines break paragraphs.
.Pp
.Ss Comment indentation
If a comment is on a line with code it is started in the `comment column',
which is set by the
.Fl c Ns Ns Ar n
command line parameter. Otherwise, the comment is started at
command line parameter.
Otherwise, the comment is started at
.Ar n
indentation levels less than where code is currently being placed, where
.Ar n
is specified by the
.Fl d Ns Ns Ar n
command line parameter. If the code on a line extends past the comment
command line parameter.
If the code on a line extends past the comment
column, the comment starts further to the right, and the right margin may be
automatically extended in extreme cases.
.Pp
.Ss Preprocessor lines
In general,
.Nm
leaves preprocessor lines alone. The only
reformatting that it will do is to straighten up trailing comments. It
leaves embedded comments alone. Conditional compilation
leaves preprocessor lines alone.
The only
reformatting that it will do is to straighten up trailing comments.
It
leaves embedded comments alone.
Conditional compilation
.Pq Ic #ifdef...#endif
is recognized and
.Nm
@ -450,8 +498,10 @@ compensate for the syntactic peculiarities introduced.
The
.Nm
utility understands a substantial amount about the syntax of C, but it
has a `forgiving' parser. It attempts to cope with the usual sorts of
incomplete and misformed syntax. In particular, the use of macros like:
has a `forgiving' parser.
It attempts to cope with the usual sorts of
incomplete and misformed syntax.
In particular, the use of macros like:
.Pp
.Dl #define forever for(;;)
.Pp

3
usr.bin/ipcrm/ipcrm.1
View File

@ -42,7 +42,8 @@
The
.Nm
utility removes the specified message queues, semaphores and shared memory
segments. These System V IPC objects can be specified by their
segments.
These System V IPC objects can be specified by their
creation id or any associated key.
.Pp
The following options are used to specify which IPC objects will be removed.

12
usr.bin/ipcs/ipcs.1
View File

@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ and
options.)
.It Fl b
Show the maximum allowed sizes for active semaphores, message queues,
and shared memory segments. The
and shared memory segments.
The
.Dq maximum allowed size
is the maximum number of bytes in a message on a message queue,
the size of a shared memory segment,
@ -75,13 +76,15 @@ and shared memory segments.
Display information about active shared memory segments.
.It Fl o
Show outstanding usage for active message queues,
and shared memory segments. The
and shared memory segments.
The
.Dq outstanding usage
is the number of messages in a message queue, or the number
of processes attached to a shared memory segment.
.It Fl p
Show the process ID information for active semaphores, message queues,
and shared memory segments. The
and shared memory segments.
The
.Dq process ID information
is the last process to send a message to or receive a message from
a message queue,
@ -93,7 +96,8 @@ Display information about active message queues.
Display information about active semaphores.
.It Fl t
Show access times for active semaphores, message queues,
and shared memory segments. The access times is the time
and shared memory segments.
The access times is the time
of the last control operation on an IPC object,
the last send or receive of a message,
the last attach or detach of a shared memory segment,

3
usr.bin/join/join.1
View File

@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ and leading tabs and spaces are ignored.
The default output field separator is a single space character.
.Pp
Many of the options use file and field numbers.
Both file numbers and field numbers are 1 based, i.e. the first file on
Both file numbers and field numbers are 1 based, i.e., the first file on
the command line is file number 1 and the first field is field number 1.
The following options are available:
.Bl -tag -width indent
@ -218,7 +218,6 @@ command conforms to
.Xr sort 1 ,
.Xr uniq 1
.Sh BUGS
.Pp
The
.Nm
utility does not recognize multibyte characters.

4
usr.bin/jot/jot.1
View File

@ -168,11 +168,11 @@ may be obtained through
.Pp
and thirty
.Xr ed 1
substitution commands applying to lines 2, 7, 12, etc. is
substitution commands applying to lines 2, 7, 12, etc.\& is
the result of
.Dl jot -w %ds/old/new/ 30 2 - 5
.Pp
The stuttering sequence 9, 9, 8, 8, 7, etc. can be
The stuttering sequence 9, 9, 8, 8, 7, etc.\& can be
produced by suitable choice of step size,
as in
.Dl jot - 9 0 -.5

14
usr.bin/killall/killall.1
View File

@ -58,7 +58,8 @@ The super-user is allowed to kill any process.
The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width 10n -offset indent
.It Fl d | v
Be more verbose about what will be done. For a single
Be more verbose about what will be done.
For a single
.Fl d
option, a list of the processes that will be sent the signal will be
printed, or a message indicating that no matching processes have been
@ -78,7 +79,8 @@ Match the argument
.Ar procname
as a (case sensitive) regular expression against the names
of processes found.
CAUTION! This is dangerous, a single dot will match any process
CAUTION!
This is dangerous, a single dot will match any process
running under the real UID of the caller.
.It Fl s
Show only what would be done, but do not send any signal.
@ -120,15 +122,17 @@ is already supported by
.Xr kill 1 .
So use
.Xr kill 1
for this job (e.g. $ kill -TERM -1 or
for this job (e.g.\& $ kill -TERM -1 or
as root $ echo kill -TERM -1 | su -m <user>)
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
The
.Nm
command will respond with a short usage message and exit with a status
of 2 in case of a command error. A status of 1 will be returned if
of 2 in case of a command error.
A status of 1 will be returned if
either no matching process has been found or not all processes have
been signalled successfully. Otherwise, a status of 0 will be
been signalled successfully.
Otherwise, a status of 0 will be
returned.
.Pp
Diagnostic messages will only be printed if requested by

4
usr.bin/limits/limits.1
View File

@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ format, suitable for the calling shell.
The calling shell is determined by examining the entries in the
.Pa /proc
file system for the parent process.
If the shell is known (i.e. it is one of
If the shell is known (i.e., it is one of
.Nm sh , csh , bash , tcsh , ksh , pdksh
or
.Nm rc ) ,
@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ The
utility
exits with
.Dv EXIT_FAILURE
if usage is incorrect in any way; i.e. an invalid
if usage is incorrect in any way; i.e., an invalid
option, or set/display options are selected in the same invocation,
.Fl e
is used when running a program, etc.

17
usr.bin/locate/locate/locate.1
View File

@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ As a special case, a pattern containing no globbing characters
is matched as though it were
.Dq *foo* .
.Pp
Historically, locate only stored characters between 32 and 127. The
Historically, locate only stored characters between 32 and 127.
The
current implementation store any character except newline
.Pq Sq \en
and NUL
@ -99,7 +100,8 @@ Search in
instead the default file name database.
Multiple
.Fl d
options are allowed. Each additional
options are allowed.
Each additional
.Fl d
option adds the specified database to the list
of databases to be searched.
@ -155,7 +157,8 @@ $ zcat database.gz | locate -d - pattern
.Ed
.Pp
This might be useful on machines with a fast CPU and little RAM and slow
I/O. Note: you can only use
I/O.
Note: you can only use
.Ar one
pattern for stdin.
.It Fl i
@ -212,11 +215,13 @@ option was specified.
The
.Nm
program may fail to list some files that are present, or may
list files that have been removed from the system. This is because
list files that have been removed from the system.
This is because
locate only reports files that are present in the database, which is
typically only regenerated once a week by the
.Pa /etc/periodic/weekly/310.locate
script. Use
script.
Use
.Xr find 1
to locate files that are of a more transitory nature.
.Pp
@ -233,7 +238,7 @@ group
.Dq nobody ,
or
world.
E.g. if your HOME directory is not world-readable, all your
E.g.\& if your HOME directory is not world-readable, all your
files are
.Ar not
in the database.

3
usr.bin/lock/lock.1
View File

@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ with the appropriate permission.
The following options are available:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl n
Don't use a timeout value. Terminal will be locked forever.
Don't use a timeout value.
Terminal will be locked forever.
.It Fl p
A password is not requested, instead the user's current login password
is used.

6
usr.bin/lockf/lockf.1
View File

@ -74,14 +74,16 @@ Causes
to operate silently.
Failure to acquire the lock is indicated only in the exit status.
.It Fl t Ar seconds
Specifies a timeout for waiting for the lock. By default,
Specifies a timeout for waiting for the lock.
By default,
.Nm
waits indefinitely to acquire the lock.
If a timeout is specified with this option,
.Nm
will wait at most the given number of
.Ar seconds
before giving up. A timeout of 0 may be given, in which case
before giving up.
A timeout of 0 may be given, in which case
.Nm
will fail unless it can acquire the lock immediately.
.El

9
usr.bin/login/login.access.5
View File

@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ When someone logs in, the
.Nm
is scanned for the first entry that
matches the (user, host) combination, or, in case of non-networked
logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination. The
logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination.
The
permissions field of that table entry determines whether the login will
be accepted or refused.
.Pp
@ -29,11 +30,13 @@ character:
The first field should be a "+" (access granted) or "-" (access denied)
character.
The second field should be a list of one or more login names,
group names, or ALL (always matches). The third field should be a list
group names, or ALL (always matches).
The third field should be a list
of one or more tty names (for non-networked logins), host names, domain
names (begin with "."), host addresses, internet network numbers (end
with "."), ALL (always matches) or LOCAL (matches any string that does
not contain a "." character). If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname
not contain a "." character).
If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname
in host or user patterns.
.Pp
The EXCEPT operator makes it possible to write very compact rules.

4
usr.bin/look/look.1
View File

@ -68,12 +68,12 @@ alphabetic characters is ignored.
The following options are available:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl d
Dictionary character set and order, i.e. only alphanumeric characters
Dictionary character set and order, i.e., only alphanumeric characters
are compared.
.It Fl f
Ignore the case of alphabetic characters.
.It Fl t
Specify a string termination character, i.e. only the characters
Specify a string termination character, i.e., only the characters
in
.Ar string
up to and including the first occurrence of

6
usr.bin/lsvfs/lsvfs.1
View File

@ -15,11 +15,13 @@
The
.Nm
command lists information about the currently loaded virtual file system
modules. When
modules.
When
.Ar vfsname
arguments are given,
.Nm
lists information about the specified VFS modules. Otherwise,
lists information about the specified VFS modules.
Otherwise,
.Nm
lists all currently loaded modules.
The information is as follows:

2
usr.bin/m4/m4.1
View File

@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ argument is not found,
returns \-1.
.It Ic indir
Indirectly calls the macro whose name is passed as the first arguments,
with the remaining arguments passed as first, etc. arguments.
with the remaining arguments passed as first, etc.\& arguments.
.It Ic len
Returns the number of characters in the first argument.
Extra arguments

4
usr.bin/make/make.1
View File

@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ Append the value to the current value of the variable.
.It Ic \&?=
Assign the value to the variable if it is not already defined.
.It Ic \&:=
Assign with expansion, i.e. expand the value before assigning it
Assign with expansion, i.e., expand the value before assigning it
to the variable.
Normally, expansion is not done until the variable is referenced.
.It Ic \&!=
@ -1058,7 +1058,7 @@ Loops are not being
detected and targets that form loops will be silently ignored.
.El
.Sh "SPECIAL TARGETS"
Special targets may not be included with other targets, i.e. they must be
Special targets may not be included with other targets, i.e., they must be
the only target specified.
.Bl -tag -width Ic
.It Ic .BEGIN

3
usr.bin/makewhatis/makewhatis.local.8
View File

@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ utility starts
only for file systems physically mounted on the system
where the
.Nm
is being executed. Running makewhatis
is being executed.
Running makewhatis
by
.Pa periodic weekly
for rw nfs-mounted /usr may kill

9
usr.bin/minigzip/minigzip.1
View File

@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ The
.Nm
utility is a minimal implementation of the
.Xr gzip 1
utility. It supports
utility.
It supports
compression and decompression of individual files, as well as
streaming compression and decompression via standard input and
output.
@ -52,9 +53,11 @@ flag on the commandline.
If any
.Ar file
arguments are supplied, the operation is performed on each file
separately. Compression replaces the original file with one having a
separately.
Compression replaces the original file with one having a
.Pa .gz
suffix. Decompression will remove a
suffix.
Decompression will remove a
.Pa .gz
suffix if one is present.
.Pp

12
usr.bin/mkdep/mkdep.1
View File

@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ where the macro SRCS is the list of C source files and the macro
CFLAGS is the list of flags for the C compiler.
.Pp
The user has the ability to change the preprocessor and preprocessor options
used. For instance, to use gcc as the preprocessor and to ignore system
used.
For instance, to use gcc as the preprocessor and to ignore system
headers, one would use
.Bd -literal -offset indent
depend:
@ -101,12 +102,15 @@ module.
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
.Bl -tag -width MKDEP_CPP_OPTS
.It Ev CC
Specifies the C compiler to use. The specified compiler is expected to have
Specifies the C compiler to use.
The specified compiler is expected to have
options consistent with the GNU C compiler.
.It Ev MKDEP_CPP
Specifies the preprocessor to use. The default is "${CC} -E".
Specifies the preprocessor to use.
The default is "${CC} -E".
.It Ev MKDEP_CPP_OPTS
Specifies the non-CFLAGS options for the preprocessor. The default is
Specifies the non-CFLAGS options for the preprocessor.
The default is
"-M".
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO

9
usr.bin/mklocale/mklocale.1
View File

@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ The format of
.Ar src-file
is quite simple.
It consists of a series of lines which start with a keyword and have
associated data following. C style comments are used
associated data following.
C style comments are used
to place comments in the file.
.Pp
Following options are available:
@ -121,9 +122,11 @@ Used to indicate ranges.
The follow characters are taken literally:
.Bl -tag -width ".Dv <\|\|(\|\|["
.It Dv "<\|(\|["
Used to start a mapping. All are equivalent.
Used to start a mapping.
All are equivalent.
.It Dv ">\|\^)\|]"
Used to end a mapping. All are equivalent.
Used to end a mapping.
All are equivalent.
.It Dv :
Used as a delimiter in mappings.
.El

30
usr.bin/mktemp/mktemp.1
View File

@ -54,8 +54,10 @@
The
.Nm
utility takes each of the given file name templates and overwrites a
portion of it to create a file name. This file name is unique
and suitable for use by the application. The template may be
portion of it to create a file name.
This file name is unique
and suitable for use by the application.
The template may be
any file name with some number of
.Ql X Ns s
appended
@ -110,12 +112,16 @@ The
.Nm
utility is provided to allow shell scripts to safely use temporary files.
Traditionally, many shell scripts take the name of the program with
the pid as a suffix and use that as a temporary file name. This
the pid as a suffix and use that as a temporary file name.
This
kind of naming scheme is predictable and the race condition it creates
is easy for an attacker to win. A safer, though still inferior, approach
is to make a temporary directory using the same naming scheme. While
is easy for an attacker to win.
A safer, though still inferior, approach
is to make a temporary directory using the same naming scheme.
While
this does allow one to guarantee that a temporary file will not be
subverted, it still allows a simple denial of service attack. For these
subverted, it still allows a simple denial of service attack.
For these
reasons it is suggested that
.Nm
be used instead.
@ -125,7 +131,8 @@ The available options are as follows:
.It Fl d
Make a directory instead of a file.
.It Fl q
Fail silently if an error occurs. This is useful if
Fail silently if an error occurs.
This is useful if
a script does not want error output to go to standard error.
.It Fl t Ar prefix
Generate a template (using the supplied
@ -136,11 +143,14 @@ if set) to create a filename template.
.It Fl u
Operate in
.Dq unsafe
mode. The temp file will be unlinked before
mode.
The temp file will be unlinked before
.Nm
exits. This is slightly better than
exits.
This is slightly better than
.Xr mktemp 3
but still introduces a race condition. Use of this
but still introduces a race condition.
Use of this
option is not encouraged.
.El
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS

27
usr.bin/mt/mt.1
View File

@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ The
utility is used to give commands to a magnetic tape drive.
By default
.Nm
performs the requested operation once. Operations
performs the requested operation once.
Operations
may be performed multiple times by specifying
.Ar count .
Note
@ -58,7 +59,8 @@ that
.Ar tapename
must reference a raw (not block) tape device.
.Pp
The available commands are listed below. Only as many
The available commands are listed below.
Only as many
characters as are required to uniquely identify a command
need be specified.
.Bl -tag -width "eof, weof"
@ -146,19 +148,24 @@ Print (and clear) error status information about this device.
For every normal
operation (e.g., a read or a write) and every control operation (e.g,, a
rewind), the driver stores up the last command executed and it's associated
status and any residual counts (if any). This command retrieves and prints this
status and any residual counts (if any).
This command retrieves and prints this
information.
If possible, this also clears any latched error information.
.It Cm blocksize
Set the block size for the tape unit. Zero means variable-length
Set the block size for the tape unit.
Zero means variable-length
blocks.
.It Cm density
Set the density for the tape unit. For the density codes, see below.
Set the density for the tape unit.
For the density codes, see below.
The density value could be given either numerically, or as a string,
corresponding to the
.Dq Reference
field. If the string is abbreviated, it will be resolved in the order
shown in the table, and the first matching entry will be used. If the
field.
If the string is abbreviated, it will be resolved in the order
shown in the table, and the first matching entry will be used.
If the
given string and the resulting canonical density name do not match
exactly, an informational message is printed about what the given
string has been taken for.
@ -209,11 +216,13 @@ DCLZ compression algorithm (0x20).
.El
.Pp
In addition to the above recognized compression keywords, the user can
supply a numeric compression algorithm for the tape drive to use. In most
supply a numeric compression algorithm for the tape drive to use.
In most
cases, simply turning the compression
.Sq on
will have the desired effect of enabling the default compression algorithm
supported by the drive. If this is not the case (see the
supported by the drive.
If this is not the case (see the
.Cm status
display to see which compression algorithm is currently in use), the user
can manually specify one of the supported compression keywords (above), or

3
usr.bin/ncal/ncal.1
View File

@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ associated with the
If not specified,
.Nm ncal
tries to guess the switch date from the local environment or
falls back to September 2, 1752. This was when Great
falls back to September 2, 1752.
This was when Great
Britain and her colonies switched to the Gregorian Calendar.
.It Fl w
Print the number of the week below each week column.

2
usr.bin/ncplogin/ncplogout.1
View File

@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ The
utility will schedule a connection created by
.Xr ncplogin 1
command to be closed.
If the connection is busy (i.e. used by other processes) it will
If the connection is busy (i.e., used by other processes) it will
be closed when the last process using it is terminated.
This command is similar to the
.Tn DOS

3
usr.bin/nfsstat/nfsstat.1
View File

@ -67,7 +67,8 @@ Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default
.It Fl s
Only display server side statistics
.It Fl W
Use wide format with interval short summary. This option is especially
Use wide format with interval short summary.
This option is especially
useful when combined with -c or -s and a time delay.
.It Fl w
Display a shorter summary of

9
usr.bin/nl/nl.1
View File

@ -89,8 +89,10 @@ The
.Nm
utility treats the text it reads in terms of logical pages.
Unless specified otherwise, line numbering is reset at the start of each
logical page. A logical page consists of a header, a body and a footer
section; empty sections are valid. Different line numbering options are
logical page.
A logical page consists of a header, a body and a footer
section; empty sections are valid.
Different line numbering options are
independently available for header, body and footer sections.
.Pp
The starts of logical page sections are signalled by input lines containing
@ -132,7 +134,8 @@ for logical page body lines is
.Cm t .
.It Fl d Ar delim
Specify the delimiter characters used to indicate the start of a logical
page section in the input file. At most two characters may be specified;
page section in the input file.
At most two characters may be specified;
if only one character is specified, the first character is replaced and the
second character remains unchanged.
The default

6
usr.bin/passwd/passwd.1
View File

@ -76,10 +76,12 @@ The new password should contain a mixture of upper and lower case
characters (which may be overridden using the
.Xr login.conf 5
.Dq mixpasswordcase
setting for a user's login class). Allowing lower case passwords may
setting for a user's login class).
Allowing lower case passwords may
be useful where the password file will be used in situations where only
lower case passwords are permissible, such as when using Samba to
authenticate Windows clients. In all other situations, numbers, upper
authenticate Windows clients.
In all other situations, numbers, upper
case letters and meta characters are encouraged.
.Pp
Once the password has been verified,

21
usr.bin/printf/printf.1
View File

@ -131,22 +131,26 @@ For
.Cm c , d ,
and
.Cm s ,
formats, this option has no effect. For the
formats, this option has no effect.
For the
.Cm o
formats the precision of the number is increased to force the first
character of the output string to a zero. For the
character of the output string to a zero.
For the
.Cm x
.Pq Cm X
format, a non-zero result has the string
.Li 0x
.Pq Li 0X
prepended to it. For
prepended to it.
For
.Cm e , E , f , g ,
and
.Cm G ,
formats, the result will always contain a decimal point, even if no
digits follow the point (normally, a decimal point only appears in the
results of those formats if a digit follows the decimal point). For
results of those formats if a digit follows the decimal point).
For
.Cm g
and
.Cm G
@ -161,10 +165,12 @@ A `+' character specifying that there should always be
a sign placed before the number when using signed formats.
.It Sq \&\ \&
A space specifying that a blank should be left before a positive number
for a signed format. A `+' overrides a space if both are used;
for a signed format.
A `+' overrides a space if both are used;
.It Cm \&0
A zero `0' character indicating that zero-padding should be used
rather than blank-padding. A `\-' overrides a `0' if both are used;
rather than blank-padding.
A `\-' overrides a `0' if both are used;
.El
.It "Field Width:"
An optional digit string specifying a
@ -324,7 +330,8 @@ then back again, floating-point precision may be lost.
.Tn ANSI
hexadecimal character constants were deliberately not provided.
.Pp
The escape sequence \e000 is the string terminator. When present in the
The escape sequence \e000 is the string terminator.
When present in the
.Ar format ,
the
.Ar format

3
usr.bin/rlogin/rlogin.1
View File

@ -90,7 +90,8 @@ This specification may be as a literal character, or as an octal
value in the form \ennn.
.It Fl i
Allow the caller to specify a different local name to be used
for authentication. This option is restricted to processes with uid 0.
for authentication.
This option is restricted to processes with uid 0.
.It Fl l
Specify a different
.Ar username

6
usr.bin/rpcgen/rpcgen.1
View File

@ -260,7 +260,8 @@ routines.
.It Fl C
Generate header and stub files which can be used with
.Tn ANSI
C compilers. Headers generated with this flag can also be
C compilers.
Headers generated with this flag can also be
used with C++ programs.
.It Fl D Ns Ar name
.It Fl D Ns Ar name=value
@ -294,7 +295,8 @@ Note: in order to provide backwards compatibility with the older
on the
.Fx
platform, the default is actually 0 (which means
that inline code generation is disabled by default). You must specify
that inline code generation is disabled by default).
You must specify
a non-zero value explicitly to override this default.
.It Fl I
Compile support for

3
usr.bin/rsh/rsh.1
View File

@ -106,7 +106,8 @@ This may introduce a significant delay in response time.
.It Fl t Ar timeout
Allow a
.Ar timeout
to be specified (in seconds). If no
to be specified (in seconds).
If no
data is sent or received in this time,
.Nm
will exit.

6
usr.bin/rup/rup.1
View File

@ -75,14 +75,16 @@ The
.Xr rpc.rstatd 8
daemon has not been started on the remote host.
.It rup: RPC: Timed out
A communication error occurred. Either the network is
A communication error occurred.
Either the network is
excessively congested, or the
.Xr rpc.rstatd 8
daemon has terminated on the remote host.
.It rup: RPC: Port mapper failure - RPC: Timed out
The remote host is not running the portmapper (see
.Xr rpcbind 8 ) ,
and cannot accommodate any RPC-based services. The host may be down.
and cannot accommodate any RPC-based services.
The host may be down.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr rpc.rstatd 8 ,

3
usr.bin/ruptime/ruptime.1
View File

@ -64,7 +64,8 @@ report has been received for 4 days are not shown in the list at all.
The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Fl a
Include all users. By default, if a user hasn't typed to the system for
Include all users.
By default, if a user hasn't typed to the system for
an hour or more, then the user will be omitted from the output.
.It Fl l
Sort by load average.

6
usr.bin/rusers/rusers.1
View File

@ -81,14 +81,16 @@ The
.Xr rpc.rusersd 8
daemon has not been started on the remote host.
.It rusers: RPC: Timed out
A communication error occurred. Either the network is
A communication error occurred.
Either the network is
excessively congested, or the
.Xr rpc.rusersd 8
daemon has terminated on the remote host.
.It rusers: "RPC: Port mapper failure - RPC: Timed out"
The remote host is not running the portmapper (see
.Xr rpcbind 8 ) ,
and cannot accommodate any RPC-based services. The host may be down.
and cannot accommodate any RPC-based services.
The host may be down.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr rwho 1 ,

6
usr.bin/rwall/rwall.1
View File

@ -58,14 +58,16 @@ The
.Xr rpc.rwalld 8
daemon has not been started on the remote host.
.It rwall: RPC: Timed out
A communication error occurred. Either the network is
A communication error occurred.
Either the network is
excessively congested, or the
.Xr rpc.rwalld 8
daemon has terminated on the remote host.
.It rwall: RPC: Port mapper failure - RPC: Timed out
The remote host is not running the portmapper (see
.Xr rpcbind 8 ) ,
and cannot accomodate any RPC-based services. The host may be down.
and cannot accomodate any RPC-based services.
The host may be down.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr who 1 ,

12
usr.bin/script/script.1
View File

@ -81,10 +81,12 @@ Log keys sent to program as well as output.
.It Fl q
Run in quiet mode, omit the start and stop status messages.
.It Fl t Ar time
Specify time interval between flushing script output file. A value of 0
Specify time interval between flushing script output file.
A value of 0
causes
.Nm
to flush for every character I/O event. The default interval is
to flush for every character I/O event.
The default interval is
30 seconds.
.El
.Pp
@ -150,6 +152,8 @@ because of argument parsing compatibility issues.
.Pp
When running in
.Fl k
mode, echo cancelling is far from ideal. The slave terminal mode is checked
for ECHO mode to check when to avoid manual echo logging. This does not
mode, echo cancelling is far from ideal.
The slave terminal mode is checked
for ECHO mode to check when to avoid manual echo logging.
This does not
work when in a raw mode where the program being run is doing manual echo.

21
usr.bin/sed/sed.1
View File

@ -155,16 +155,21 @@ A command line with no addresses selects every pattern space.
A command line with one address selects all of the pattern spaces
that match the address.
.Pp
A command line with two addresses selects an inclusive range. This
A command line with two addresses selects an inclusive range.
This
range starts with the first pattern space that matches the first
address. The end of the range is the next following pattern space
that matches the second address. If the second address is a number
address.
The end of the range is the next following pattern space
that matches the second address.
If the second address is a number
less than or equal to the line number first selected, only that
line is selected. In the case when the second address is a context
line is selected.
In the case when the second address is a context
address,
.Nm
does not re-match the second address against the
pattern space that matched the first address. Starting at the
pattern space that matched the first address.
Starting at the
first line following the selected range,
.Nm
starts looking again for the first address.
@ -212,7 +217,7 @@ One special feature of
.Nm
regular expressions is that they can default to the last regular
expression used.
If a regular expression is empty, i.e. just the delimiter characters
If a regular expression is empty, i.e., just the delimiter characters
are specified, the last regular expression encountered is used instead.
The last regular expression is defined as the last regular expression
used as part of an address or substitute command, and at run-time, not
@ -537,7 +542,9 @@ extension and may not be available on other operating systems.
.Sh HISTORY
A
.Nm
command, written by L. E. McMahon, appeared in
command, written by
.An L. E. McMahon ,
appeared in
.At v7 .
.Sh AUTHORS
.An "Diomidis D. Spinellis" Aq dds@FreeBSD.org

3
usr.bin/su/su.1
View File

@ -204,7 +204,8 @@ You will be asked for man's password unless your real UID is 0.
Same as above, but the target command consists of more than a
single word and hence is quoted for use with the
.Fl c
option being passed to the shell. (Most shells expect the argument to
option being passed to the shell.
(Most shells expect the argument to
.Fl c
to be a single word).
.It Li "su -c staff man -c 'catman /usr/share/man /usr/local/man /usr/X11R6/man'"

119
usr.bin/systat/systat.1
View File

@ -52,16 +52,20 @@ using the curses screen display library,
While
.Nm
is running the screen is usually divided into two windows (an exception
is the vmstat display which uses the entire screen). The
upper window depicts the current system load average. The
is the vmstat display which uses the entire screen).
The
upper window depicts the current system load average.
The
information displayed in the lower window may vary, depending on
user commands. The last line on the screen is reserved for user
user commands.
The last line on the screen is reserved for user
input and error messages.
.Pp
By default
.Nm
displays the processes getting the largest percentage of the processor
in the lower window. Other displays show swap space usage, disk
in the lower window.
Other displays show swap space usage, disk
.Tn I/O
statistics (a la
.Xr iostat 8 ) ,
@ -76,7 +80,8 @@ and network connections (a la
Input is interpreted at two different levels.
A ``global'' command interpreter processes all keyboard input.
If this command interpreter fails to recognize a command, the
input line is passed to a per-display command interpreter. This
input line is passed to a per-display command interpreter.
This
allows each display to have certain display-specific commands.
.Pp
Command line options:
@ -121,7 +126,8 @@ Print the name of the current ``display'' being shown in
the lower window and the refresh interval.
.It Ic \&:
Move the cursor to the command line and interpret the input
line typed as a command. While entering a command the
line typed as a command.
While entering a command the
current character erase, word erase, and line kill characters
may be used.
.El
@ -140,7 +146,8 @@ Stop refreshing the screen.
.Op Ic start
.Op Ar number
.Xc
Start (continue) refreshing the screen. If a second, numeric,
Start (continue) refreshing the screen.
If a second, numeric,
argument is provided it is interpreted as a refresh interval
(in seconds).
Supplying only a number will set the refresh interval to this
@ -194,7 +201,8 @@ The
.Ic reset
command resets the baseline for
.Ic since
mode. The
mode.
The
.Ic mode
command with no argument will display the current mode in the command
line.
@ -228,15 +236,19 @@ but with
statistics.
.It Ic iostat
Display, in the lower window, statistics about processor use
and disk throughput. Statistics on processor use appear as
and disk throughput.
Statistics on processor use appear as
bar graphs of the amount of time executing in user mode (``user''),
in user mode running low priority processes (``nice''), in
system mode (``system''), in interrupt mode (``interrupt''),
and idle (``idle''). Statistics
and idle (``idle'').
Statistics
on disk throughput show, for each drive, megabytes per second,
average number of disk transactions per second, and
average kilobytes of data per transaction. This information may be
displayed as bar graphs or as rows of numbers which scroll downward. Bar
average kilobytes of data per transaction.
This information may be
displayed as bar graphs or as rows of numbers which scroll downward.
Bar
graphs are shown by default.
.Pp
The following commands are specific to the
@ -247,7 +259,8 @@ display; the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied.
.It Cm numbers
Show the disk
.Tn I/O
statistics in numeric form. Values are
statistics in numeric form.
Values are
displayed in numeric columns which scroll downward.
.It Cm bars
Show the disk
@ -272,7 +285,7 @@ a total line is also shown.
Areas known to the kernel, but not in use are shown as not available.
.It Ic mbufs
Display, in the lower window, the number of mbufs allocated
for particular uses, i.e. data, socket structures, etc.
for particular uses, i.e., data, socket structures, etc.
.It Ic vmstat
Take over the entire display and show a (rather crowded) compendium
of statistics related to virtual memory usage, process scheduling,
@ -325,9 +338,12 @@ It reports the number of
kilobytes per transaction, transactions per second, megabytes
per second and the percentage of the time the disk was busy averaged
over the refresh period of the display (by default, five seconds).
The system keeps statistics on most every storage device. In general, up
to seven devices are displayed. The devices displayed by default are the
first devices in the kernel's device list. See
The system keeps statistics on most every storage device.
In general, up
to seven devices are displayed.
The devices displayed by default are the
first devices in the kernel's device list.
See
.Xr devstat 3
and
.Xr devstat 9
@ -400,10 +416,13 @@ Toggle the display of fd devices in the disk usage display.
Reset running statistics to zero.
.El
.It Ic netstat
Display, in the lower window, network connections. By default,
network servers awaiting requests are not displayed. Each address
Display, in the lower window, network connections.
By default,
network servers awaiting requests are not displayed.
Each address
is displayed in the format ``host.port'', with each shown symbolically,
when possible. It is possible to have addresses displayed numerically,
when possible.
It is possible to have addresses displayed numerically,
limit the display to a set of ports, hosts, and/or protocols
(the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied):
.Pp
@ -424,21 +443,27 @@ Display only network connections using the indicated
Supported protocols are ``tcp'', ``udp'', and ``all''.
.It Cm ignore Op Ar items
Do not display information about connections associated with
the specified hosts or ports. Hosts and ports may be specified
by name (``vangogh'', ``ftp''), or numerically. Host addresses
use the Internet dot notation (``128.32.0.9''). Multiple items
the specified hosts or ports.
Hosts and ports may be specified
by name (``vangogh'', ``ftp''), or numerically.
Host addresses
use the Internet dot notation (``128.32.0.9'').
Multiple items
may be specified with a single command by separating them with
spaces.
.It Cm display Op Ar items
Display information about the connections associated with the
specified hosts or ports. As for
specified hosts or ports.
As for
.Ar ignore ,
.Op Ar items
may be names or numbers.
.It Cm show Op Ar ports\&|hosts
Show, on the command line, the currently selected protocols,
hosts, and ports. Hosts and ports which are being ignored
are prefixed with a `!'. If
hosts, and ports.
Hosts and ports which are being ignored
are prefixed with a `!'.
If
.Ar ports
or
.Ar hosts
@ -451,15 +476,18 @@ Reset the port, host, and protocol matching mechanisms to the default
.El
.It Ic ifstat
Display the network traffic going through active interfaces on the
system. Idle interfaces will not be displayed until they receive some
system.
Idle interfaces will not be displayed until they receive some
traffic.
.Pp
For each interface being displayed, the current, peak and total
statistics are displayed for incoming and outgoing traffic. By default,
statistics are displayed for incoming and outgoing traffic.
By default,
the
.Ic ifstat
display will automatically scale the units being used so that they are
in a human-readable format. The scaling units used for the current and
in a human-readable format.
The scaling units used for the current and
peak
traffic columns can be altered by the
.Ic scale
@ -467,7 +495,8 @@ command.
.Bl -tag -width ".Cm scale Op Ar units"
.It Cm scale Op Ar units
Modify the scale used to display the current and peak traffic over all
interfaces. The following units are recognised: kbit, kbyte, mbit,
interfaces.
The following units are recognised: kbit, kbyte, mbit,
mbyte, gbit, gbyte and auto.
.El
.El
@ -475,28 +504,34 @@ mbyte, gbit, gbyte and auto.
Commands to switch between displays may be abbreviated to the
minimum unambiguous prefix; for example, ``io'' for ``iostat''.
Certain information may be discarded when the screen size is
insufficient for display. For example, on a machine with 10
insufficient for display.
For example, on a machine with 10
drives the
.Ic iostat
bar graph displays only 3 drives on a 24 line terminal. When
bar graph displays only 3 drives on a 24 line terminal.
When
a bar graph would overflow the allotted screen space it is
truncated and the actual value is printed ``over top'' of the bar.
.Pp
The following commands are common to each display which shows
information about disk drives. These commands are used to
information about disk drives.
These commands are used to
select a set of drives to report on, should your system have
more drives configured than can normally be displayed on the
screen.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Ar -compact
.It Cm ignore Op Ar drives
Do not display information about the drives indicated. Multiple
Do not display information about the drives indicated.
Multiple
drives may be specified, separated by spaces.
.It Cm display Op Ar drives
Display information about the drives indicated. Multiple drives
Display information about the drives indicated.
Multiple drives
may be specified, separated by spaces.
.It Cm only Op Ar drives
Display only the specified drives. Multiple drives may be specified,
Display only the specified drives.
Multiple drives may be specified,
separated by spaces.
.It Cm drives
Display a list of available devices.
@ -504,10 +539,12 @@ Display a list of available devices.
.Ar type , Ns Ar if , Ns Ar pass
.Op | Ar ...
.Xc
Display devices matching the given pattern. The basic matching
Display devices matching the given pattern.
The basic matching
expressions are the same as those used in
.Xr iostat 8
with one difference. Instead of specifying multiple
with one difference.
Instead of specifying multiple
.Fl t
arguments which are then ORed together, the user instead specifies multiple
matching expressions joined by the pipe
@ -515,9 +552,11 @@ matching expressions joined by the pipe
character.
The comma
separated arguments within each matching expression are ANDed together, and
then the pipe separated matching expressions are ORed together. Any
then the pipe separated matching expressions are ORed together.
Any
device matching the combined expression will be displayed, if there is room
to display it. For example:
to display it.
For example:
.Pp
.Dl match da,scsi | cd,ide
.Pp

2
usr.bin/tail/tail.1
View File

@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ and
.Fl n
options modify the
.Fl r
option, i.e. ``-r -c 4'' displays the last 4 characters of the last line
option, i.e., ``-r -c 4'' displays the last 4 characters of the last line
of the input, while the historic tail (using the historic syntax ``-4cr'')
would ignore the
.Fl c

3
usr.bin/tar/bsdtar.1
View File

@ -412,7 +412,8 @@ and
.Cm f
flags both require arguments,
so there must be two additional items
on the command line. The
on the command line.
The
.Ar 32
is the argument to the
.Cm b

12
usr.bin/tcopy/tcopy.1
View File

@ -47,16 +47,20 @@
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
utility is designed to copy magnetic tapes. The only assumption made
utility is designed to copy magnetic tapes.
The only assumption made
about the tape is that there are two tape marks at the end.
The
.Nm
utility with only a source tape
.Pf ( Ar /dev/sa0
by default) specified will print
information about the sizes of records and tape files. If a destination
is specified a copy will be made of the source tape. The blocking on the
destination tape will be identical to that used on the source tape. Copying
information about the sizes of records and tape files.
If a destination
is specified a copy will be made of the source tape.
The blocking on the
destination tape will be identical to that used on the source tape.
Copying
a tape will yield the same output as if just printing the sizes.
.Pp
Options:

3
usr.bin/tftp/tftp.1
View File

@ -178,7 +178,8 @@ Because there is no user-login or validation within
the
.Tn TFTP
protocol, the remote site will probably have some
sort of file-access restrictions in place. The
sort of file-access restrictions in place.
The
exact methods are specific to each site and therefore
difficult to document here.
.Pp

8
usr.bin/time/time.1
View File

@ -71,8 +71,9 @@ flag is used, append to the specified file rather than overwriting
it.
Otherwise, this option has no effect.
.It Fl h
Print times in a human friendly format. Times are printed in minutes, hours,
etc. as appropriate.
Print times in a human friendly format.
Times are printed in minutes, hours,
etc.\& as appropriate.
.It Fl l
The contents of the
.Em rusage
@ -80,7 +81,8 @@ structure are printed as well.
.It Fl o Ar file
Write the output to
.Ar file
instead of stderr. If
instead of stderr.
If
.Ar file
exists and the
.Fl a

11
usr.bin/tput/tput.1
View File

@ -48,7 +48,8 @@
The
.Nm
utility makes terminal-dependent information available to users or shell
applications. When invoked as the
applications.
When invoked as the
.Nm clear
utility, the screen will be cleared as if
.Dl tput clear
@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ without further action.
.Pp
If an
.Ar attribute
is of type string, and takes arguments (e.g. cursor movement,
is of type string, and takes arguments (e.g.\& cursor movement,
the termcap
.Dq cm
sequence) the arguments are taken from the command line immediately
@ -150,6 +151,8 @@ Some termcap entries depend upon having a
.Sq %
in them that is just a
.Sq %
and nothing more. Right now we just warn about them if they don't
have a valid type declaration. These warnings are sent to
and nothing more.
Right now we just warn about them if they don't
have a valid type declaration.
These warnings are sent to
stderr.

2
usr.bin/tr/tr.1
View File

@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ System V has historically implemented character ranges using the syntax
implementations and
standardized by POSIX.
System V shell scripts should work under this implementation as long as
the range is intended to map in another range, i.e. the command
the range is intended to map in another range, i.e., the command
``tr [a-z] [A-Z]'' will work as it will map the ``['' character in
.Ar string1
to the ``['' character in

2
usr.bin/tset/tset.1
View File

@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ and
.Fl k
options may either be entered as actual characters or by using the
.Dq hat
notation, i.e. control-h may be specified as
notation, i.e., control-h may be specified as
.Dq Li ^H
or
.Dq Li ^h .

3
usr.bin/tsort/tsort.1
View File

@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ Turn on debugging.
Search for and display the longest cycle.
Can take a very long time.
.It Fl q
Do not display informational messages about cycles. This is primarily
Do not display informational messages about cycles.
This is primarily
intended for building libraries, where optimal ordering is not critical,
and cycles occur often.
.El

3
usr.bin/ul/ul.1
View File

@ -101,7 +101,8 @@ file (see
The
.Xr nroff 1
command usually outputs a series of backspaces and underlines intermixed
with the text to indicate underlining. No attempt is made to optimize
with the text to indicate underlining.
No attempt is made to optimize
the backward motion.
.Sh HISTORY
The

6
usr.bin/uniq/uniq.1
View File

@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Ignore the first
fields in each input line when doing comparisons.
A field is a string of non-blank characters separated from adjacent fields
by blanks.
Field numbers are one based, i.e. the first field is field one.
Field numbers are one based, i.e., the first field is field one.
.It Fl s Ar chars
Ignore the first
.Ar chars
@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ option, the first
characters after the first
.Ar num
fields will be ignored.
Character numbers are one based, i.e. the first character is character one.
Character numbers are one based, i.e., the first character is character one.
.It Fl u
Only output lines that are not repeated in the input.
.It Fl i
@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ The
.Nm
utility conforms to
.St -p1003.1-2001
as amended by Cor. 1-2002.
as amended by Cor.\& 1-2002.
.Sh HISTORY
A
.Nm

59
usr.bin/units/units.1
View File

@ -22,18 +22,23 @@ about the number of units loaded.
Print the version number.
.It Ar from-unit to-unit
Allow a single unit conversion to be done directly from the command
line. The program will not print prompts. It will print out the
line.
The program will not print prompts.
It will print out the
result of the single specified conversion.
.El
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
program converts quantities expressed in various scales to
their equivalents in other scales. The
their equivalents in other scales.
The
.Nm
program can only
handle multiplicative scale changes. It cannot convert Celsius
to Fahrenheit, for example. It works interactively by prompting
handle multiplicative scale changes.
It cannot convert Celsius
to Fahrenheit, for example.
It works interactively by prompting
the user for input:
.Bd -literal
You have: meters
@ -60,11 +65,15 @@ the user for input:
Powers of units can be specified using the '^' character as shown in
the example, or by simple concatenation: 'cm3' is equivalent to 'cm^3'.
Multiplication of units can be specified by using spaces, a dash or
an asterisk. Division of units is indicated by the slash ('/').
an asterisk.
Division of units is indicated by the slash ('/').
Note that multiplication has a higher precedence than division,
so 'm/s/s' is the same as 'm/s^2' or 'm/s s'. Division of numbers
must be indicated using the vertical bar ('|'). To convert half a
meter, you would write '1|2 meter'. If you write '1/2 meter' then the
so 'm/s/s' is the same as 'm/s^2' or 'm/s s'.
Division of numbers
must be indicated using the vertical bar ('|').
To convert half a
meter, you would write '1|2 meter'.
If you write '1/2 meter' then the
units program would interpret that as equivalent to '0.5/meter'.
If you enter incompatible unit types, the units program will
print a message indicating that the units are not conformable and
@ -77,9 +86,11 @@ it will display the reduced form for each unit:
2.1166667e-05 kg^2 m / sec
.Ed
.Pp
The conversion information is read from a units data file. The default
The conversion information is read from a units data file.
The default
file includes definitions for most familiar units, abbreviations and
metric prefixes. Some constants of nature included are:
metric prefixes.
Some constants of nature included are:
.Pp
.Bl -column -offset indent -compact "mercury"
.It "pi ratio of circumference to diameter
@ -93,11 +104,16 @@ metric prefixes. Some constants of nature included are:
.It "au astronomical unit
.El
.Pp
The unit 'pound' is a unit of mass. Compound names are run together
so 'pound force' is a unit of force. The unit 'ounce' is also a unit
of mass. The fluid ounce is 'floz'. British units that differ from
The unit 'pound' is a unit of mass.
Compound names are run together
so 'pound force' is a unit of force.
The unit 'ounce' is also a unit
of mass.
The fluid ounce is 'floz'.
British units that differ from
their US counterparts are prefixed with 'br', and currency is prefixed
with its country name: 'belgiumfranc', 'britainpound'. When searching
with its country name: 'belgiumfranc', 'britainpound'.
When searching
for a unit, if the specified string does not appear exactly as a unit
name, then
.Nm
@ -107,19 +123,23 @@ trailing 'es' and check again for a match.
To find out what units are available read the standard units file.
If you want to add your own units you can supply your own file.
A unit is specified on a single line by
giving its name and an equivalence. Be careful to define
giving its name and an equivalence.
Be careful to define
new units in terms of old ones so that a reduction leads to the
primitive units which are marked with '!' characters.
The
.Nm
program will not detect infinite loops that could be caused
by careless unit definitions. Comments in the unit definition file
by careless unit definitions.
Comments in the unit definition file
begin with a '/' character at the beginning of a line.
.Pp
Prefixes are defined in the same was as standard units, but with
a trailing dash at the end of the prefix name. If a unit is not found
a trailing dash at the end of the prefix name.
If a unit is not found
even after removing trailing 's' or 'es', then it will be checked
against the list of prefixes. Prefixes will be removed until a legal
against the list of prefixes.
Prefixes will be removed until a legal
base unit is identified.
.Pp
Here is an example of a short units file that defines some basic
@ -142,7 +162,8 @@ Exponents entered by the user can be only one digit.
You can work around this by multiplying several terms.
.Pp
The user must use | to indicate division of numbers and / to
indicate division of symbols. This distinction should not
indicate division of symbols.
This distinction should not
be necessary.
.Pp
The program contains various arbitrary limits on the length

18
usr.bin/vgrind/vgrind.1
View File

@ -66,7 +66,8 @@ The
.Nm
utility runs in two basic modes, filter mode (see the
.Fl f
option) or regular mode. In filter mode
option) or regular mode.
In filter mode
.Nm
acts as a filter in a manner similar to
.Xr tbl 1 .
@ -81,10 +82,12 @@ starts processing
ends processing
.El
.Pp
These lines are formatted as described above. The output from this
These lines are formatted as described above.
The output from this
filter can be passed to
.Xr troff 1
for output. There need be no particular ordering with
for output.
There need be no particular ordering with
.Xr eqn 1
or
.Xr tbl 1 .
@ -119,7 +122,8 @@ forces filter mode
specifies a particular header to put on every output page (default is
the file name)
.It Fl l
specifies the language to use. Currently known are
specifies the language to use.
Currently known are
.Tn PASCAL
.Pq Fl l Ns Ar p ,
.Tn MODEL
@ -198,7 +202,8 @@ followed:
For
.Tn C
\- function names can be preceded on a line only by spaces, tabs, or an
asterisk. The parenthesized arguments must also be on the same line.
asterisk.
The parenthesized arguments must also be on the same line.
.Pp
For
.Tn PASCAL
@ -218,7 +223,8 @@ name comment mechanisms will fail.
More generally, arbitrary formatting styles for programs mostly look bad.
The use of spaces to align source code fails miserably; if you plan to
.Nm
your program you should use tabs. This is somewhat inevitable since the
your program you should use tabs.
This is somewhat inevitable since the
font used by
.Nm
is variable width.

15
usr.bin/vgrind/vgrindefs.5
View File

@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ The following table names and describes each field.
.Pp
Non-comments are required to describe a certain context where a
sequence that would normally start a comment loses its special
meaning. A typical example for this can be found in Perl, where
meaning.
A typical example for this can be found in Perl, where
comments are normally starting with
.Ql # ,
while the string
@ -95,7 +96,8 @@ if ifdef ifndef include undef:
.Ed
.Pp
Note that the first field is just the language name (and any variants
of it). Thus the C language could be specified to
of it).
Thus the C language could be specified to
.Xr vgrind 1
as "c" or "C".
.Pp
@ -132,7 +134,8 @@ a delimiter (space, tab, newline, start of line)
.It \ea
matches any string of symbols (like .* in lex)
.It \ep
matches any alphanumeric name. In a procedure definition (pb) the string
matches any alphanumeric name.
In a procedure definition (pb) the string
that matches this symbol is used as the procedure name.
.It ()
grouping
@ -148,11 +151,13 @@ string delimiter in a string by escaping it.
.El
.Pp
Unlike other regular expressions in the system, these match words
and not characters. Hence something like "(tramp|steamer)flies?"
and not characters.
Hence something like "(tramp|steamer)flies?"
would match "tramp", "steamer", "trampflies", or "steamerflies".
.Sh KEYWORD LIST
The keyword list is just a list of keywords in the language separated
by spaces. If the "oc" boolean is specified, indicating that upper
by spaces.
If the "oc" boolean is specified, indicating that upper
and lower case are equivalent, then all the keywords should be
specified in lower case.
.Sh FILES

18
usr.bin/vis/vis.1
View File

@ -47,10 +47,12 @@
The
.Nm
utility is a filter for converting non-printable characters
into a visual representation. It differs from
into a visual representation.
It differs from
.Ql cat -v
in that
the form is unique and invertible. By default, all non-graphic
the form is unique and invertible.
By default, all non-graphic
characters except space, tab, and newline are encoded.
A detailed description of the
various visual formats is given in
@ -60,9 +62,11 @@ The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Fl b
Turns off prepending of backslash before up-arrow control sequences
and meta characters, and disables the doubling of backslashes. This
and meta characters, and disables the doubling of backslashes.
This
produces output which is neither invertible or precise, but does
represent a minimum of change to the input. It is similar to
represent a minimum of change to the input.
It is similar to
.Dq Li cat -v .
.It Fl c
Request a format which displays a small subset of the
@ -94,14 +98,16 @@ still doubled and hidden newline sequences inserted if
.Fl f
or
.Fl F
is selected. When combined with the
is selected.
When combined with the
.Fl f
flag,
.Nm
becomes like
an invertible version of the
.Xr fold 1
utility. That is, the output
utility.
That is, the output
can be unfolded by running the output through
.Xr unvis 1 .
.It Fl o

18
usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.8
View File

@ -114,7 +114,8 @@ allocation and then by type of usage.
.It Fl n
Change the maximum number of disks to display from the default of 2.
.It Fl p
Specify which types of devices to display. There are three different
Specify which types of devices to display.
There are three different
categories of devices:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
@ -166,15 +167,18 @@ Passthrough devices
.El
.Pp
The user must specify at least one device type, and may specify at most
one device type from each category. Multiple device types in a single
one device type from each category.
Multiple device types in a single
device type statement must be separated by commas.
.Pp
Any number of
.Fl p
arguments may be specified on the command line. All
arguments may be specified on the command line.
All
.Fl p
arguments are ORed together to form a matching expression against which
all devices in the system are compared. Any device that fully matches
all devices in the system are compared.
Any device that fully matches
any
.Fl p
argument will be included in the
@ -262,7 +266,8 @@ If more than three disk drives are configured in the system,
.Nm
displays only the first three drives, unless the user specifies the
.Fl n
argument to increase the number of drives displayed. This will probably
argument to increase the number of drives displayed.
This will probably
cause the display to exceed 80 columns, however.
To force
.Nm
@ -272,7 +277,8 @@ The
utility
defaults to show disks first, and then various other random devices in the
system to add up to three devices, if there are that many devices in the
system. If devices are specified on the command line, or if a device type
system.
If devices are specified on the command line, or if a device type
matching pattern is specified (see above),
.Nm
will only display the given devices or the devices matching the pattern,

3
usr.bin/wall/wall.1
View File

@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ to deny messages or are using a program which
automatically denies messages.
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl g
Send messages to users in this group. This option may be specified
Send messages to users in this group.
This option may be specified
multiple times, and any user in any of the specified groups will
receive the message.
.El

3
usr.bin/what/what.1
View File

@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ utility searches each specified
.Ar file
for sequences of the form
.Dq \&@(#)
as inserted by the source code control system. It prints the remainder
as inserted by the source code control system.
It prints the remainder
of the string following this marker, up to a NUL character, newline, double
quote,
.Dq \&>

18
usr.bin/whereis/whereis.1
View File

@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ The
.Nm
utility checks the standard binary, manual page, and source
directories for the specified programs, printing out the paths of any
it finds. The supplied program names are first stripped of leading
it finds.
The supplied program names are first stripped of leading
path name components, any single trailing extension added by
.Xr gzip 1 ,
.Xr compress 1 ,
@ -72,7 +73,8 @@ string, with
.Pa /usr/games
and the current user's
.Ev $PATH
appended. Manual pages are searched by default along the
appended.
Manual pages are searched by default along the
.Ev $MANPATH .
Program sources are located in a list of known standard places,
including all the subdirectories of
@ -83,15 +85,18 @@ and
The following options are available:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl B
Specify directories to search for binaries. Requires the
Specify directories to search for binaries.
Requires the
.Fl f
option.
.It Fl M
Specify directories to search for manual pages. Requires the
Specify directories to search for manual pages.
Requires the
.Fl f
option.
.It Fl S
Specify directories to search for program sources. Requires the
Specify directories to search for program sources.
Requires the
.Fl f
option.
.It Fl a
@ -121,7 +126,8 @@ Search for source directories.
.It Fl u
Search for
.Dq unusual
entries. A file is said to be unusual if it does not have at least
entries.
A file is said to be unusual if it does not have at least
one entry of each requested type.
Only the name of the unusual entry is printed.
.It Fl x

6
usr.bin/who/who.1
View File

@ -114,8 +114,10 @@ created.
If
.Pa /var/log/wtmp
is being used as the file, the user name may be empty
or one of the special characters '|', '}' and '~'. Logouts produce
an output line without any user name. For more information on the
or one of the special characters '|', '}' and '~'.
Logouts produce
an output line without any user name.
For more information on the
special characters, see
.Xr utmp 5 .
.Sh ENVIRONMENT

341
usr.bin/window/window.1
View File

@ -56,13 +56,17 @@ utility implements a window environment on
terminals.
.Pp
A window is a rectangular portion of the physical terminal
screen associated with a set of processes. Its size and
position can be changed by the user at any time. Processes
screen associated with a set of processes.
Its size and
position can be changed by the user at any time.
Processes
communicate with their window in the same way they normally
interact with a terminal\-through their standard input, output,
and diagnostic file descriptors. The window program handles the
and diagnostic file descriptors.
The window program handles the
details of redirecting input and output to and from the
windows. At any one time, only one window can receive
windows.
At any one time, only one window can receive
input from the keyboard, but all windows can simultaneously send output
to the display.
.Pp
@ -72,7 +76,8 @@ starts up, the commands (see long commands below)
contained in the file
.Pa .windowrc
in the user's home directory are
executed. If it does not exist, two equal sized windows spanning
executed.
If it does not exist, two equal sized windows spanning
the terminal screen are created by default.
.Pp
The command line options are
@ -82,7 +87,8 @@ Turn on terse mode (see
.Ic terse
command below).
.It Fl f
Fast. Don't perform any startup action.
Fast.
Don't perform any startup action.
.It Fl d
Ignore
.Pa .windowrc
@ -105,30 +111,39 @@ as a long command (see below)
before doing anything else.
.El
.Pp
Windows can overlap and are framed as necessary. Each window
is named by one of the digits ``1'' to ``9''. This one-character
Windows can overlap and are framed as necessary.
Each window
is named by one of the digits ``1'' to ``9''.
This one-character
identifier, as well as a user definable label string, are displayed
with the window on the top edge of its frame. A window can be
with the window on the top edge of its frame.
A window can be
designated to be in the
.Ar foreground ,
in which case it will always be
on top of all normal, non-foreground windows, and can be covered
only by other foreground windows. A window need not be completely
within the edges of the terminal screen. Thus a large window
only by other foreground windows.
A window need not be completely
within the edges of the terminal screen.
Thus a large window
(possibly larger than the screen) may be positioned to show only
a portion of its full size.
.Pp
Each window has a cursor and a set of control functions. Most intelligent
Each window has a cursor and a set of control functions.
Most intelligent
terminal operations such as line and
character deletion and insertion are supported. Display modes
character deletion and insertion are supported.
Display modes
such as underlining and reverse video are available if they are
supported by the terminal. In addition,
supported by the terminal.
In addition,
similar to terminals with multiple pages of memory,
each window has a text buffer which can have more lines than the window
itself.
.Ss Process Environment
With each newly created window, a shell program is spawned with its
process environment tailored to that window. Its standard input,
process environment tailored to that window.
Its standard input,
output, and diagnostic file descriptors are bound to one end of either
a pseudo-terminal (see
.Xr pty 4 )
@ -140,7 +155,8 @@ If a pseudo-terminal is used, then its special
characters and modes (see
.Xr stty 1 )
are copied from the physical
terminal. A
terminal.
A
.Xr termcap 5
entry tailored to this window is created
and passed as environment (see
@ -151,9 +167,11 @@ The termcap entry contains the window's size and
characteristics as well as information from the physical terminal,
such as the existence of underline, reverse video, and other display
modes, and the codes produced by the terminal's function keys,
if any. In addition, the window size attributes of the pseudo-terminal
if any.
In addition, the window size attributes of the pseudo-terminal
are set to reflect the size of this window, and updated whenever
it is changed by the user. In particular, the editor
it is changed by the user.
In particular, the editor
.Xr vi 1
uses
this information to redraw its display.
@ -161,11 +179,14 @@ this information to redraw its display.
During normal execution,
.Nm
can be in one of two states:
conversation mode and command mode. In conversation mode, the
conversation mode and command mode.
In conversation mode, the
terminal's real cursor is placed at the cursor position of a particular
window--called the current window--and input from the keyboard is sent
to the process in that window. The current window is always
on top of all other windows, except those in foreground. In addition,
to the process in that window.
The current window is always
on top of all other windows, except those in foreground.
In addition,
it is set apart by highlighting its identifier and label in reverse video.
.Pp
Typing
@ -173,7 +194,8 @@ Typing
escape character (normally
.Ic ^P )
in conversation
mode switches it into command mode. In command mode, the top line of
mode switches it into command mode.
In command mode, the top line of
the terminal screen becomes the command prompt window, and
.Nm
interprets input from the keyboard as commands to manipulate windows.
@ -195,7 +217,8 @@ means
.No control\- Ns Ar X ,
where
.Ar X
is any character. In particular,
is any character.
In particular,
.Ic ^^
is
.Li control\-^ .
@ -214,17 +237,20 @@ Select window
but stay in command mode.
.It Ic ^^
Select the previous window and return to conversation
mode. This is useful for toggling between two windows.
mode.
This is useful for toggling between two windows.
.It Ic escape
Return to conversation mode.
.It Ic ^P
Return to conversation mode and write
.Ic ^P
to the
current window. Thus, typing two
current window.
Thus, typing two
.Ic ^P Ns 's
in conversation
mode sends one to the current window. If the
mode sends one to the current window.
If the
.Nm
escape is changed to some other character, that
character takes the place of
@ -242,23 +268,30 @@ Confirmation is requested.
Suspend
.Nm .
.It Ic w
Create a new window. The user is prompted for the positions
Create a new window.
The user is prompted for the positions
of the upper left and lower right corners of the window.
The cursor is placed on the screen and the keys ``h'', ``j'',
``k'', and ``l''
move the cursor left, down, up, and right, respectively.
The keys ``H'', ``J'', ``K'', and ``L'' move the cursor to the respective
limits of the screen. Typing a number before the movement keys
repeats the movement that number of times. Return enters the cursor position
as the upper left corner of the window. The lower right corner
is entered in the same manner. During this process,
limits of the screen.
Typing a number before the movement keys
repeats the movement that number of times.
Return enters the cursor position
as the upper left corner of the window.
The lower right corner
is entered in the same manner.
During this process,
the placement of the new window is indicated by a rectangular
box drawn on the screen, corresponding to where the new window
will be framed. Typing escape at any point
will be framed.
Typing escape at any point
cancels this command.
.Pp
This window becomes the current window,
and is given the first available ID. The default buffer size
and is given the first available ID.
The default buffer size
is used (see
.Ar default_nline
command below).
@ -277,12 +310,14 @@ handle this signal correctly and cause no problems.
.It Ic m Ns Ar #
Move window
.Ar #
to another location. A box in the shape
to another location.
A box in the shape
of the window is drawn on
the screen to indicate the new position of the window, and the same keys as
those for the
.Ic w
command are used to position the box. The
command are used to position the box.
The
window can be moved partially off-screen.
.It Ic M Ns Ar #
Move window
@ -292,8 +327,10 @@ to its previous position.
Change the size of window
.Ar # .
The user is prompted
to enter the new lower right corner of the window. A box
is drawn to indicate the new window size. The same
to enter the new lower right corner of the window.
A box
is drawn to indicate the new window size.
The same
keys used in
.Ic w
and
@ -324,11 +361,14 @@ Move the cursor of the current window up by one line.
.It Ic l
Move the cursor of the current window right by one column.
.It Ic y
Yank. The user is prompted to enter two points within the current
window. Then the content of the current window between those two points
Yank.
The user is prompted to enter two points within the current
window.
Then the content of the current window between those two points
is saved in the yank buffer.
.It Ic p
Put. The content of the yank buffer is written to the current
Put.
The content of the yank buffer is written to the current
window as input.
.It Ic ^S
Stop output in the current window.
@ -343,30 +383,40 @@ are supported.
.Ss Long Commands
Long commands are a sequence of statements
parsed much like a programming language, with a syntax
similar to that of C. Numeric and string expressions and variables
similar to that of C.
Numeric and string expressions and variables
are supported, as well as conditional statements.
.Pp
There are two data types: string and number. A string is a sequence
of letters or digits beginning with a letter. ``_'' and ``.'' are
considered letters. Alternately, non-alphanumeric characters can
There are two data types: string and number.
A string is a sequence
of letters or digits beginning with a letter.
``_'' and ``.'' are
considered letters.
Alternately, non-alphanumeric characters can
be included in strings by quoting them in ``"'' or escaping them
with ``\\''. In addition, the ``\\'' sequences of C are supported,
with ``\\''.
In addition, the ``\\'' sequences of C are supported,
both inside and outside quotes (e.g., ``\\n'' is a new line,
``\\r'' a carriage return). For example, these are legal strings:
``\\r'' a carriage return).
For example, these are legal strings:
abcde01234, "&#$^*&#", ab"$#"cd, ab\\$\\#cd, "/usr/ucb/window".
.Pp
A number is an integer value in one of three forms:
a decimal number, an octal number preceded by ``0'',
or a hexadecimal number preceded by ``0x'' or ``0X''. The natural
or a hexadecimal number preceded by ``0x'' or ``0X''.
The natural
machine integer size is used (i.e., the signed integer type
of the C compiler). As in C, a non-zero number represents
of the C compiler).
As in C, a non-zero number represents
a boolean true.
.Pp
The character ``#'' begins a comment which terminates at the
end of the line.
.Pp
A statement is either a conditional or an expression. Expression
statements are terminated with a new line or ``;''. To continue
A statement is either a conditional or an expression.
Expression
statements are terminated with a new line or ``;''.
To continue
an expression on the next line, terminate the first line with ``\\''.
.Ss Conditional Statement
The
@ -400,14 +450,18 @@ Expressions in
.Nm
are similar to those in the
C language, with most C operators supported on numeric
operands. In addition, some are overloaded to operate on strings.
operands.
In addition, some are overloaded to operate on strings.
.Pp
When an expression is used as a statement, its value is discarded
after evaluation. Therefore, only expressions with side
after evaluation.
Therefore, only expressions with side
effects (assignments and function calls) are useful as statements.
.Pp
Single valued (no arrays) variables are supported, of both
numeric and string values. Some variables are predefined. They
numeric and string values.
Some variables are predefined.
They
are listed below.
.Pp
The operators in order of increasing precedence:
@ -417,7 +471,8 @@ The operators in order of increasing precedence:
.Ic =
.Aq Va expr2
.Xc
Assignment. The variable of name
Assignment.
The variable of name
.Aq Va expr1 ,
which must be string valued,
is assigned the result of
@ -438,7 +493,8 @@ if
evaluates true
(non-zero numeric value); returns the value of
.Aq Va expr3
otherwise. Only
otherwise.
Only
one of
.Aq Va expr2
and
@ -452,7 +508,9 @@ be numeric.
.Ic \&|\&|
.Aq Va expr2
.Xc
Logical or. Numeric values only. Short circuit evaluation is supported
Logical or.
Numeric values only.
Short circuit evaluation is supported
(i.e., if
.Aq Va expr1
evaluates true, then
@ -463,25 +521,29 @@ is not evaluated).
.Ic \&&\&&
.Aq Va expr2
.Xc
Logical and with short circuit evaluation. Numeric values only.
Logical and with short circuit evaluation.
Numeric values only.
.It Xo
.Aq Va expr1
.Ic \&|
.Aq Va expr2
.Xc
Bitwise or. Numeric values only.
Bitwise or.
Numeric values only.
.It Xo
.Aq Va expr1
.Ic ^
.Aq Va expr2
.Xc
Bitwise exclusive or. Numeric values only.
Bitwise exclusive or.
Numeric values only.
.It Xo
.Aq Va expr1
.Ic \&&
.Aq Va expr2
.Xc
Bitwise and. Numeric values only.
Bitwise and.
Numeric values only.
.It Xo
.Aq Va expr1
.Ic ==
@ -490,9 +552,12 @@ Bitwise and. Numeric values only.
.Ic !=
.Aq expr2
.Xc
Comparison (equal and not equal, respectively). The boolean
result (either 1 or 0) of the comparison is returned. The
operands can be numeric or string valued. One string operand
Comparison (equal and not equal, respectively).
The boolean
result (either 1 or 0) of the comparison is returned.
The
operands can be numeric or string valued.
One string operand
forces the other to be converted to a string in necessary.
.It Xo
.Aq Va expr1
@ -506,7 +571,8 @@ forces the other to be converted to a string in necessary.
.Aq Va expr2 ,
.Xc
Less than, greater than, less than or equal to,
greater than or equal to. Both numeric and string values, with
greater than or equal to.
Both numeric and string values, with
automatic conversion as above.
.It Xo
.Aq Va expr1
@ -521,7 +587,8 @@ If both operands are numbers,
is bit
shifted left (or right) by
.Aq Va expr2
bits. If
bits.
If
.Aq Va expr1
is
a string, then its first (or last)
@ -539,7 +606,8 @@ in place of its value).
.Ic -
.Aq Va expr2
.Xc
Addition and subtraction on numbers. For ``+'', if one
Addition and subtraction on numbers.
For ``+'', if one
argument is a string, then the other is converted to a string,
and the result is the concatenation of the two strings.
.It Xo
@ -553,7 +621,8 @@ and the result is the concatenation of the two strings.
.Ic \&%
.Aq Va expr2
.Xc
Multiplication, division, modulo. Numbers only.
Multiplication, division, modulo.
Numbers only.
.It Xo
.Ic \- Ns Aq Va expr ,
.Ic ~ Ns Aq Va expr ,
@ -562,16 +631,19 @@ Multiplication, division, modulo. Numbers only.
.Ic \&$? Ns Aq Va expr
.Xc
The first three are unary minus, bitwise complement and logical complement
on numbers only. The operator, ``$'', takes
on numbers only.
The operator, ``$'', takes
.Aq Va expr
and returns
the value of the variable of that name. If
the value of the variable of that name.
If
.Aq Va expr
is numeric
with value
.Ar n
and it appears within an alias macro (see below),
then it refers to the nth argument of the alias invocation. ``$?''
then it refers to the nth argument of the alias invocation.
``$?''
tests for the existence of the variable
.Aq Va expr ,
and returns 1
@ -585,7 +657,8 @@ must be a string that is the unique
prefix of the name of a builtin
.Nm
function
or the full name of a user defined alias macro. In the case of a builtin
or the full name of a user defined alias macro.
In the case of a builtin
function,
.Aq Ar arglist
can be in one of two forms:
@ -595,28 +668,36 @@ argname1 = <expr1>, argname2 = <expr2>, ...
.Ed
.Pp
The two forms can in fact be intermixed, but the result is
unpredictable. Most arguments can be omitted; default values will
be supplied for them. The
unpredictable.
Most arguments can be omitted; default values will
be supplied for them.
The
.Ar argnames
can be unique prefixes
of the argument names. The commas separating
of the argument names.
The commas separating
arguments are used only to disambiguate, and can usually be omitted.
.Pp
Only the first argument form is valid for user defined aliases. Aliases
Only the first argument form is valid for user defined aliases.
Aliases
are defined using the
.Ic alias
builtin function (see below). Arguments
builtin function (see below).
Arguments
are accessed via a variant of the variable mechanism (see ``$'' operator
above).
.Pp
Most functions return value, but some are used for side effect
only and so must be used as statements. When a function or an alias is used
only and so must be used as statements.
When a function or an alias is used
as a statement, the parentheses surrounding
the argument list may be omitted. Aliases return no value.
the argument list may be omitted.
Aliases return no value.
.El
.Ss Builtin Functions
The arguments are listed by name in their natural
order. Optional arguments are in square brackets
order.
Optional arguments are in square brackets
.Sq Op .
Arguments
that have no names are in angle brackets
@ -640,14 +721,16 @@ in which case a non-zero value is true.
.Bq Aq Ar string\-list
.Pc
If no argument is given, all currently defined alias macros are
listed. Otherwise,
listed.
Otherwise,
.Aq Ar string
is defined as an alias,
with expansion
.Aq Ar string\-list > .
The previous definition of
.Aq Ar string ,
if any, is returned. Default for
if any, is returned.
Default for
.Aq Ar string\-list
is no change.
.It Ic close Ns Pq Aq Ar window\-list
@ -657,7 +740,8 @@ If
.Aq Ar window\-list
is the word
.Ar all ,
than all windows are closed. No value is returned.
than all windows are closed.
No value is returned.
.It Ic cursormodes Ns Pq Bq Ar modes
Set the window cursor to
.Ar modes .
@ -672,8 +756,10 @@ or of the mode bits defined as the variables
(blinking),
and
.Ar m_grp
(graphics, terminal dependent). Return
value is the previous modes. Default is no change.
(graphics, terminal dependent).
Return
value is the previous modes.
Default is no change.
For example,
.Li cursor($m_rev$m_blk)
sets the window cursors to blinking
@ -682,14 +768,19 @@ reverse video.
Set the default buffer size to
.Ar nline .
Initially, it is
48 lines. Returns the old default buffer size. Default is
no change. Using a very large buffer can slow the program down
48 lines.
Returns the old default buffer size.
Default is
no change.
Using a very large buffer can slow the program down
considerably.
.It Ic default_shell Ns Pq Bq Aq Ar string\-list
Set the default window shell program to
.Aq Ar string\-list .
Returns
the first string in the old shell setting. Default is no change. Initially,
the first string in the old shell setting.
Default is no change.
Initially,
the default shell is taken from the environment variable
.Ev SHELL .
.It Ic default_smooth Ns Pq Bq Ar flag
@ -698,7 +789,8 @@ Set the default value of the
argument
to the command
.Nm
(see below). The argument
(see below).
The argument
is a boolean flag (one of
.Ar on ,
.Ar off ,
@ -707,7 +799,8 @@ is a boolean flag (one of
.Ar true ,
.Ar false ,
or a number,
as described above). Default is no change.
as described above).
Default is no change.
The old value (as a number) is returned.
The initial value is 1 (true).
.It Xo
@ -719,17 +812,21 @@ Write the list of strings,
to
.Nm ,
separated
by spaces and terminated with a new line. The strings are only
by spaces and terminated with a new line.
The strings are only
displayed in the window, the processes in the window are not
involved (see
.Ic write
below). No value is returned. Default
below).
No value is returned.
Default
is the current window.
.It Ic escape Ns Pq Bq Ar escapec
Set the escape character to
.Ar escape-char .
Returns the old
escape character as a one-character string. Default is no
escape character as a one-character string.
Default is no
change.
.Ar Escapec
can be a string of a single character, or
@ -745,8 +842,10 @@ Move
.Nm
in or out of foreground.
.Ar Flag
is a boolean value. The old foreground flag
is returned. Default for
is a boolean value.
The old foreground flag
is returned.
Default for
.Nm
is the current window,
default for
@ -761,21 +860,27 @@ Set the label of
to
.Ar label .
Returns the old
label as a string. Default for
label as a string.
Default for
.Nm
is the current
window, default for
.Ar label
is no change. To turn
is no change.
To turn
off a label, set it to an empty string ("").
.It Ic list Ns Pq
No arguments. List the identifiers and labels of all windows. No
No arguments.
List the identifiers and labels of all windows.
No
value is returned.
.It Ic select Ns Pq Bq Ar window
Make
.Nm
the current window. The previous current window
is returned. Default is no change.
the current window.
The previous current window
is returned.
Default is no change.
.It Ic source Ns Pq Ar filename
Read and execute the long commands in
.Ar filename .
@ -790,7 +895,8 @@ sounding the terminal's bell.
can take on the same
values as in
.Ar foreground
above. Returns the old terse flag.
above.
Returns the old terse flag.
Default is no change.
.It Ic unalias Ns Pq Ar alias
Undefine
@ -807,7 +913,9 @@ Returns -1 if
does not exist,
0 otherwise.
.It Ic variables Ns Pq
No arguments. List all variables. No value is returned.
No arguments.
List all variables.
No value is returned.
.It Xo
.Ic window Ns ( Bq Ar row ,
.Bq Ar column ,
@ -831,8 +939,10 @@ and size
If
.Ar nline
is specified,
then that many lines are allocated for the text buffer. Otherwise,
the default buffer size is used. Default values for
then that many lines are allocated for the text buffer.
Otherwise,
the default buffer size is used.
Default values for
.Ar row ,
.Ar column ,
.Ar nrow ,
@ -856,10 +966,12 @@ allocate pseudo-terminal for this window rather than socketpair (default
true), and map new line characters in this window to carriage return
and line feed (default true if socketpair is used, false otherwise).
Normally, a window is automatically closed when its process
exits. Setting
exits.
Setting
.Ar keepopen
to true (default false) prevents this
action. When
action.
When
.Ar smooth
is true, the screen is updated more frequently
(for this window) to produce a more terminal-like behavior.
@ -873,7 +985,8 @@ is a list of strings that will be used as the shell
program to place in the window (default is the program specified
by
.Ar default_shell ,
see above). The created window's identifier
see above).
The created window's identifier
is returned as a number.
.It Xo
.Ic write Ns ( Bq Ar window ,
@ -884,12 +997,16 @@ Send the list of strings,
to
.Nm ,
separated
by spaces but not terminated with a new line. The strings are actually
given to the window as input. No value is returned. Default
by spaces but not terminated with a new line.
The strings are actually
given to the window as input.
No value is returned.
Default
is the current window.
.El
.Ss Predefined Variables
These variables are for information only. Redefining them does
These variables are for information only.
Redefining them does
not affect the internal operation of
.Nm .
.Bl -tag -width modes
@ -897,7 +1014,8 @@ not affect the internal operation of
The baud rate as a number between 50 and 38400.
.It Ar modes
The display modes (reverse video, underline, blinking, graphics)
supported by the physical terminal. The value of
supported by the physical terminal.
The value of
.Ar modes
is the bitwise or of some of the one bit values,
.Ar m_blk ,
@ -923,7 +1041,8 @@ The number of columns on the physical screen.
.It Ar nrow
The number of rows on the physical screen.
.It Ar term
The terminal type. The standard name, found in the second name
The terminal type.
The standard name, found in the second name
field of the terminal's
.Ev TERMCAP
entry, is used.

3
usr.bin/xinstall/install.1
View File

@ -237,7 +237,8 @@ exits abnormally.
.Pp
File flags cannot be set by
.Xr fchflags 2
over a NFS file system. Other file systems do not have a concept of flags.
over a NFS file system.
Other file systems do not have a concept of flags.
The
.Nm
utility will only warn when flags could not be set on a file system

3
usr.bin/yacc/yacc.1
View File

@ -104,7 +104,8 @@ The default prefix is the string
.It Fl r
Cause
.Nm
to produce separate files for code and tables. The code file
to produce separate files for code and tables.
The code file
is named
.Pa y.code.c ,
and the tables file is named

6
usr.bin/ypwhich/ypwhich.1
View File

@ -73,13 +73,15 @@ to their corresponding map names.
.It Fl m Op Ar mname
Find the master
.Tn YP
server for the named map. No
server for the named map.
No
.Ar host
may be specified with the
.Fl m
option.
.Ar Mname
can be a map name or nickname. If
can be a map name or nickname.
If
.Ar mname
is omitted,
.Nm