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release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/article.xml
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@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V5.0-Based Extension//EN"
"../../../share/xml/freebsd50.dtd" [
"../../../share/xml/freebsd50.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
%release;
]>
<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
<info><title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
<info><title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
<author><orgname>The &os; Project</orgname></author>
@ -28,7 +27,8 @@
<year>2012</year>
<year>2013</year>
<year>2014</year>
<holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation Project</holder>
<holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
Project</holder>
</copyright>
<legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
@ -41,13 +41,13 @@
</legalnotice>
<abstract>
<para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain a summary
of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
&release.branch; development line.
This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since
the last release, as well as significant changes to the &os;
kernel and userland.
Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.</para>
<para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
&release.branch; development line. This document lists
applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
presented.</para>
</abstract>
</info>
@ -55,30 +55,32 @@
<title>Introduction</title>
<para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
&release.current;. It
describes recently added, changed, or deleted features of &os;.
It also provides some notes on upgrading
from previous versions of &os;.</para>
&release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
<para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes
apply represents the latest point along the &release.branch; development
branch since &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built, binary
&release.type; distributions along this branch
can be found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
<para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to which
these release notes apply represents the latest point along the
&release.branch; development branch since &release.branch; was
created. Information regarding pre-built, binary &release.type;
distributions along this branch can be found at <uri
xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
<para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes
apply represents a point along the &release.branch; development
branch between &release.prev; and the future &release.next;.
Information regarding
pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch
can be found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
<para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
which these release notes apply represents a point along the
&release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and the
future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built, binary
&release.type; distributions along this branch can be found at
<uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
<para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os; &release.current; is a
&release.type; distribution. It can be found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or any of its mirrors. More
information on obtaining this (or other) &release.type;
distributions of &os; can be found in the <link xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
&os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
Handbook</link>.</para>
<para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
&release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or other)
&release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the <link
xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
&os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os; Handbook</link>.</para>
<para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before
installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
@ -87,101 +89,109 @@
information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to
documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
&release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="new">
<title>What's New</title>
<para>This section describes
the most user-visible new or changed features in &os;
since &release.prev;.
In general, changes described here are unique to the &release.branch;
branch unless specifically marked as &merged; features.
</para>
<para>This section describes the most user-visible new or changed
features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
<para>Typical release note items
document recent security advisories issued after
&release.prev;,
new drivers or hardware support, new commands or options,
major bug fixes, or contributed software upgrades. They may also
list changes to major ports/packages or release engineering
practices. Clearly the release notes cannot list every single
change made to &os; between releases; this document focuses
primarily on security advisories, user-visible changes, and major
architectural improvements.</para>
<para>Typical release note items document recent security advisories
issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware support, new
commands or options, major bug fixes, or contributed software
upgrades. They may also list changes to major ports/packages or
release engineering practices. Clearly the release notes cannot
list every single change made to &os; between releases; this
document focuses primarily on security advisories, user-visible
changes, and major architectural improvements.</para>
<sect2 xml:id="security">
<title>Security Advisories</title>
<para/>
<para>No advisories.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="kernel">
<title>Kernel Changes</title>
<para revision="248508">The use of unmapped VMIO buffers eliminates the need to perform
TLB shootdown for mapping on buffer creation and reuse, greatly reducing the
amount of IPIs for shootdown on big-SMP machines and eliminating up to 25-30%
<para revision="248508">The use of unmapped VMIO buffers
eliminates the need to perform TLB shootdown for mapping on
buffer creation and reuse, greatly reducing the amount of IPIs
for shootdown on big-SMP machines and eliminating up to 25-30%
of the system time on i/o intensive workloads.</para>
<para arch="amd64" revision="254466">The maximum amount of memory the &os; kernel
can address has been increased from 1TB to 4TB.</para>
<para arch="amd64" revision="254466">The maximum amount of memory
the &os; kernel can address has been increased from 1TB to
4TB.</para>
<para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; kernel debugger now has an output capture
facility. Input and output from &man.ddb.4; can now be captured
to a memory buffer for later inspection using &man.sysctl.8; or
a textdump. The new <command>capture</command> command controls
this feature.</para>
<para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; kernel debugger now has an
output capture facility. Input and output from &man.ddb.4; can
now be captured to a memory buffer for later inspection using
&man.sysctl.8; or a textdump. The new
<command>capture</command> command controls this feature.</para>
<para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; debugger now supports a simple scripting
facility, which supports a set of named scripts consisting of a
set of &man.ddb.4; commands. These commands can be managed from
within &man.ddb.4; or with the use of the new &man.ddb.8;
utility. More details can be found in the &man.ddb.4; manual
page.</para>
<para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; debugger now supports a simple
scripting facility, which supports a set of named scripts
consisting of a set of &man.ddb.4; commands. These commands can
be managed from within &man.ddb.4; or with the use of the new
&man.ddb.8; utility. More details can be found in the
&man.ddb.4; manual page.</para>
<para arch="amd64,i386" revision="240135">Support was added for
the new Intel on-CPU Bull Mountain random number
generator, found on IvyBridge and supposedly later CPUs,
accessible with RDRAND instruction.</para>
the new Intel on-CPU Bull Mountain random number generator,
found on IvyBridge and supposedly later CPUs, accessible with
RDRAND instruction.</para>
<sect3 xml:id="kernel-virtualization">
<title>Virtualization support</title>
<para arch="amd64" revision="245652">The BSD Hypervisor, &man.bhyve.8; is included
with &os;. &man.bhyve.8; requires Intel CPUs with VT-x and Extended Page Table (EPT)
support. These features are on all Nehalem models and beyond
(e.g. Nehalem and newer), but not on the lower-end Atom CPUs.</para>
<para revision="227652">&man.virtio.4; support has been added. &man.virtio.4; is the
name for the paravirtualization interface developed for the Linux KVM, but
since adopted to other virtual machine hypervisors (with the notable exception of Xen).
This work brings in a BSD-licensed clean-room implementation of the virtio kernel drivers
for disk IO (&man.virtio_blk.4; and &man.virtio_scsi.4;), network IO (&man.vtnet.4;),
memory ballooning (&man.virtio_balloon.4;), and PCI.
Tested with on Qemu/KVM, VirtualBox, and &man.bhyve.4;.</para>
<para arch="amd64,i386" revision="255524">Paravirtualized drivers which
support Microsoft Hyper-V have been imported and made
part of the amd64 GENERIC kernel. For i386, these drivers are not part of
GENERIC, so the following lines must be added to
<filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> to load these drivers:
<programlisting>hv_ata_pci_disengage_load="YES"
<para arch="amd64" revision="245652">The BSD Hypervisor,
&man.bhyve.8; is included with &os;. &man.bhyve.8; requires
Intel CPUs with VT-x and Extended Page Table (EPT) support.
These features are on all Nehalem models and beyond (e.g.
Nehalem and newer), but not on the lower-end Atom CPUs.</para>
<para revision="227652">&man.virtio.4; support has been added.
&man.virtio.4; is the name for the paravirtualization
interface developed for the Linux KVM, but since adopted to
other virtual machine hypervisors (with the notable exception
of Xen). This work brings in a BSD-licensed clean-room
implementation of the virtio kernel drivers for disk IO
(&man.virtio_blk.4; and &man.virtio_scsi.4;), network IO
(&man.vtnet.4;), memory ballooning (&man.virtio_balloon.4;),
and PCI. Tested with on Qemu/KVM, VirtualBox, and
&man.bhyve.4;.</para>
<para arch="amd64,i386" revision="255524">Paravirtualized
drivers which support Microsoft Hyper-V have been imported and
made part of the amd64 GENERIC kernel. For i386, these
drivers are not part of GENERIC, so the following lines must
be added to <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> to load
these drivers:</para>
<programlisting>hv_ata_pci_disengage_load="YES"
hv_netsvc_load="YES"
hv_utils_load="YES"
hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be added to the i386
kernel by adding <literal>device hyperv</literal> to the kernel config, and then
recompiling the kernel. Please refer to:
<link xlink:href="http://wiki.freebsd.org/HyperV">FreeBSD and Microsoft Windows Server Hyper-V support</link>
for full instructions on how to set up Hyper-V support under FreeBSD.</para>
hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting>
<para>Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be added to the
i386 kernel by adding <literal>device hyperv</literal> to the
kernel config, and then recompiling the kernel. Please refer
to: <link xlink:href="http://wiki.freebsd.org/HyperV">FreeBSD
and Microsoft Windows Server Hyper-V support</link> for full
instructions on how to set up Hyper-V support under
FreeBSD.</para>
<para revision="254738">The &man.vmx.4; driver has been added.
&man.vmx.4; is a VMware VMXNET3 ethernet driver ported from
OpenBSD.</para>
&man.vmx.4; is a VMware VMXNET3 ethernet driver ported from
OpenBSD.</para>
<para revision="255744" arch="amd64,i386">Xen PVHVM virtualization is now
part of the GENERIC kernel.</para>
<para revision="255744" arch="amd64,i386">Xen PVHVM
virtualization is now part of the GENERIC kernel.</para>
</sect3>
@ -189,25 +199,30 @@ hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be
<title>ARM support</title>
<para revision="239922">Raspberry PI support has been added.
Refer to these <link xlink:href="http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=164">setup instructions</link>
and <link xlink:href="http://www.raspberrypi.org/quick-start-guide">quick start
guide</link>.</para>
<para revision="253396">The default ABI on ARM is now the ARM EABI. This brings a number of
improvements and allows future support for VFP and Thumb-2.</para>
<para revision="239268">ARM support has been greatly improved, including support
for ARMv6 and ARMv7, SMP and thread-local storage (TLS).
Additionally support for some newer SoC like the MV78x60 and OMAP4 was added.
See <link xlink:href="http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-arm/2012-August/003757.html">this announcement</link>
for further details.</para>
<para revision="254918">Superpages support on ARM has been added. Superpages support
provides improved performance and scalability by allowing TLB
translations to dynamically cover large physical memory regions.
All ARMv6 and ARMv7-based platforms can take advantage of this feature.
See <link xlink:href="https://wiki.freebsd.org/ARMSuperpages">this page</link>
for further details.</para>
Refer to these <link
xlink:href="http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=164">setup
instructions</link> and <link
xlink:href="http://www.raspberrypi.org/quick-start-guide">quick
start guide</link>.</para>
<para revision="253396">The default ABI on ARM is now the ARM
EABI. This brings a number of improvements and allows future
support for VFP and Thumb-2.</para>
<para revision="239268">ARM support has been greatly improved,
including support for ARMv6 and ARMv7, SMP and thread-local
storage (TLS). Additionally support for some newer SoC like
the MV78x60 and OMAP4 was added. See <link
xlink:href="http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-arm/2012-August/003757.html">this
announcement</link> for further details.</para>
<para revision="254918">Superpages support on ARM has been
added. Superpages support provides improved performance and
scalability by allowing TLB translations to dynamically cover
large physical memory regions. All ARMv6 and ARMv7-based
platforms can take advantage of this feature. See <link
xlink:href="https://wiki.freebsd.org/ARMSuperpages">this
page</link> for further details.</para>
</sect3>
@ -215,17 +230,17 @@ hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be
<sect3 xml:id="boot">
<title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
<para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The BTX kernel used by the boot
loader has been changed to invoke BIOS routines from real
<para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The BTX kernel used by the
boot loader has been changed to invoke BIOS routines from real
mode. This change makes it possible to boot &os; from USB
devices.</para>
<para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">A new gptboot boot loader has
been added to support booting from a GPT labeled disk. A
new <command>boot</command> command has been added to
&man.gpt.8;, which makes a GPT disk bootable by writing the
required bits of the boot loader, creating a new boot
partition if required.</para>
<para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">A new gptboot boot loader
has been added to support booting from a GPT labeled disk.
A new <command>boot</command> command has been added to
&man.gpt.8;, which makes a GPT disk bootable by writing the
required bits of the boot loader, creating a new boot
partition if required.</para>
</sect3>
-->
@ -236,10 +251,10 @@ hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be
<sect4 xml:id="mm">
<title>Multimedia Support</title>
<para revision="240609">Support for version 2.0 of the USB Audio reference design
has been added. New devices should support higher bandwidth,
increased sampling frequency and wider dynamic range.</para>
<para revision="240609">Support for version 2.0 of the USB
Audio reference design has been added. New devices should
support higher bandwidth, increased sampling frequency and
wider dynamic range.</para>
</sect4>
<sect4 xml:id="net-if">
@ -256,188 +271,204 @@ hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be
number of outstanding issues. It also now works on all
architectures.</para>
<para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The &man.wpi.4; driver has
been updated to include a number of stability fixes.</para>
<para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The &man.wpi.4; driver
has been updated to include a number of stability
fixes.</para>
<para revision="248925">The &man.cxgbe.4; driver has been updated to support
40G/10G Ethernet NICs based on Chelsio's Terminator 5 (T5) ASIC.</para>
<para revision="248925">The &man.cxgbe.4; driver has been
updated to support 40G/10G Ethernet NICs based on Chelsio's
Terminator 5 (T5) ASIC.</para>
<para revision="256694">The iw_cxgbe driver has been added. This is an
experimental iWARP/RDMA driver
(kernel verbs only) for Chelsio's T4 and T5 based cards.</para>
<para revision="256694">The iw_cxgbe driver has been added.
This is an experimental iWARP/RDMA driver (kernel verbs
only) for Chelsio's T4 and T5 based cards.</para>
<para revision="255932">The Open Fabrics Enterprise Distribution (OFED) and
OFED Infiniband core has been
updated to the same version as supplied by Linux version 3.7</para>
<para revision="255932">The Open Fabrics Enterprise
Distribution (OFED) and OFED Infiniband core has been
updated to the same version as supplied by Linux version
3.7</para>
<para revision="255932">The Mellanox Infiniband driver has been updated to firmware
version 2.30.3200 for ConnectX3 NICs. Support has been added for ConnectX3 VPI NICs, where
each port can be used as Infiniband 56 GB/s or Ethernet 40 GB/s. Support has been added
for dynamically loading kernel modules for Infiniband core (ibcore) and
IP over Infiniband (ipoib).</para>
<para revision="227614">&man.netmap.4; has been added. &man.netmap.4; is a framework for
high-performance direct-to-hardware packet IO, offering low latency and high PPS
rates to userland applications while bypassing any kernel-side packet processing.
With &man.netmap.4; it is trivially possible to fully saturate a 10 Gbps network interface with
minimal packet sizes. For more information, see:
<link xlink:href="http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/netmap/">Netmap Project</link>.</para>
<para revision="255932">The Mellanox Infiniband driver has
been updated to firmware version 2.30.3200 for ConnectX3
NICs. Support has been added for ConnectX3 VPI NICs, where
each port can be used as Infiniband 56 GB/s or Ethernet 40
GB/s. Support has been added for dynamically loading kernel
modules for Infiniband core (ibcore) and IP over Infiniband
(ipoib).</para>
<para revision="227614">&man.netmap.4; has been added.
&man.netmap.4; is a framework for high-performance
direct-to-hardware packet IO, offering low latency and high
PPS rates to userland applications while bypassing any
kernel-side packet processing. With &man.netmap.4; it is
trivially possible to fully saturate a 10 Gbps network
interface with minimal packet sizes. For more information,
see: <link
xlink:href="http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/netmap/">Netmap
Project</link>.</para>
</sect4>
</sect3>
<sect3 xml:id="net-proto">
<title>Network Protocols</title>
<para revision="228571">&man.carp.4; has been rewritten to make addresses
more sane from the viewpoint of routing daemons such as
quagga/zebra. It also brings support for a single redundant
address on the subnet (carpdev), switching state with
&man.ifconfig.8;, better locking and using modern kernel
interfaces to allocate multicast memberships.
Configuration of the CARP protocol via &man.ifconfig.8; has changed, as well as format
of CARP events submitted to &man.devd.8; has changed. See &man.carp.4;
for more information. The arpbalance feature of &man.carp.4; is currently
not supported anymore.</para>
<para revision="228571">&man.carp.4; has been rewritten to make
addresses more sane from the viewpoint of routing daemons such
as quagga/zebra. It also brings support for a single redundant
address on the subnet (carpdev), switching state with
&man.ifconfig.8;, better locking and using modern kernel
interfaces to allocate multicast memberships. Configuration
of the CARP protocol via &man.ifconfig.8; has changed, as well
as format of CARP events submitted to &man.devd.8; has
changed. See &man.carp.4; for more information. The arpbalance
feature of &man.carp.4; is currently not supported
anymore.</para>
<para revision="240233">The &man.pf.4; firewall now supports fine-grain locking
and better utilization on multi-cpu machines resulting in
significant improvements in performance.</para>
<para revision="240233">The &man.pf.4; firewall now supports
fine-grain locking and better utilization on multi-cpu
machines resulting in significant improvements in
performance.</para>
<para revision="250700">Support for up to 65536 routing tables has been
introduced.</para>
<para revision="248552">Support for setting/matching differentiated services
codepoints (DSCP) in IP header has been added to
&man.ipfw.8;.</para>
<para revision="250700">Support for up to 65536 routing tables
has been introduced.</para>
<para revision="248552">Support for setting/matching
differentiated services codepoints (DSCP) in IP header has
been added to &man.ipfw.8;.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 xml:id="disks">
<title>Disks and Storage</title>
<para role="merged">The &man.aac.4; driver now supports volumes larger than
2TB in size.</para>
<para role="merged">The &man.aac.4; driver now supports volumes
larger than 2TB in size.</para>
<para>The &man.ata.4; driver now supports a spindown command for
disks; after a configurable amount of time, if no requests
have been received for a disk, the disk will be spun down
until the next request. The &man.atacontrol.8; utility now
supports a <command>spindown</command> command to configure
this feature.</para>
disks; after a configurable amount of time, if no requests
have been received for a disk, the disk will be spun down
until the next request. The &man.atacontrol.8; utility now
supports a <command>spindown</command> command to configure
this feature.</para>
<para role="merged">The &man.hptrr.4; driver has been updated to version 1.2
from Highpoint.</para>
<para revision="240616">&man.nvme.4; has been added and provides NVM Express support.
NVM Express is an optimized register interface, command set and feature set of
PCI Express (PCIe)-based Solid-State Drives (SSDs). For more information,
see <link xlink:href="http://http://www.nvmexpress.org/">nvmexpress.org</link>.</para>
<para role="merged">The &man.hptrr.4; driver has been updated to
version 1.2 from Highpoint.</para>
<para revision="240616">&man.nvme.4; has been added and provides
NVM Express support. NVM Express is an optimized register
interface, command set and feature set of PCI Express
(PCIe)-based Solid-State Drives (SSDs). For more information,
see <link
xlink:href="http://http://www.nvmexpress.org/">nvmexpress.org</link>.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 xml:id="fs">
<title>File Systems</title>
<para revision="255570">A new kernel-based iSCSI target and initiator has been
added</para>
<para revision="255570">A new kernel-based iSCSI target and
initiator has been added</para>
<para revision="243246">UFS filesystems can now be enlarged with &man.growfs.8; while
mounted read-write. This is especially useful for virtual
machines, allowing the addition of more harddrive space without
interruption of service.</para>
<para revision="243246">UFS filesystems can now be enlarged with
&man.growfs.8; while mounted read-write. This is especially
useful for virtual machines, allowing the addition of more
harddrive space without interruption of service.</para>
<para revision="241519">A state of the art FUSE implementation is now part of the
base system. It allows the use of nearly all fusefs file
systems</para>
<para revision="241519">A state of the art FUSE implementation
is now part of the base system. It allows the use of nearly
all fusefs file systems</para>
<sect4 xml:id="fs-zfs">
<title>ZFS</title>
<para revision="256361">&man.bsdinstall.8; now supports installing
ZFS on the root file system. It includes a single configuration menu
that allows you to select all of the required details, including
which drives to use, what ZFS RAID level to use (taking into consideration
the selected number of drives), GPT or MBR, GELI encryption, forcing 4K sectors,
pool name, etc.</para>
<para revision="256361">&man.bsdinstall.8; now supports
installing ZFS on the root file system. It includes
a single configuration menu that allows you to select all of
the required details, including which drives to use, what
ZFS RAID level to use (taking into consideration the
selected number of drives), GPT or MBR, GELI encryption,
forcing 4K sectors, pool name, etc.</para>
<para revision="240868">TRIM support has been added for
ZFS.</para>
<para revision="240868">TRIM support has been added for
ZFS.</para>
<para revision="246586">Support for the high performance LZ4 compression algorithm
has been added to ZFS. LZ4 is usually faster and can achieve a
higher compression ratio than LZJB, the default compression
algorithm</para>
<para revision="246586">Support for the high performance LZ4
compression algorithm has been added to ZFS. LZ4 is usually
faster and can achieve a higher compression ratio than LZJB,
the default compression algorithm</para>
<para revision="252140">Support for L2ARC compression has been added to ZFS.</para>
<para revision="252140">Support for L2ARC compression has been
added to ZFS.</para>
<para revision="243524">The zio nop-write improvement from Illumos
was imported into &os;. To reduce I/O, nop-write skips overwriting
data if the checksum (cryptographically secure) of new data
matches the checksum of existing data. It also saves space if
snapshots are in use. This improvement only works only on
datasets with enabled compression, disabled deduplication and
sha256 checksums.</para>
<para>ZFS will now compare the checksums of incoming writes to
the checksum of the existing on-disk data and avoid issuing any
write I/O for data that has not changed. This will reduce I/O
as well as space usage because if the old block is referenced
by a snapshot, both copies of the block are kept even though
both contain the same data.</para>
<para revision="243524">The zio nop-write improvement from
Illumos was imported into &os;. To reduce I/O, nop-write
skips overwriting data if the checksum (cryptographically
secure) of new data matches the checksum of existing data.
It also saves space if snapshots are in use. This
improvement only works only on datasets with enabled
compression, disabled deduplication and sha256
checksums.</para>
<para>ZFS will now compare the checksums of incoming writes to
the checksum of the existing on-disk data and avoid issuing
any write I/O for data that has not changed. This will
reduce I/O as well as space usage because if the old block
is referenced by a snapshot, both copies of the block are
kept even though both contain the same data.</para>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="userland">
<title>Userland Changes</title>
<para revision="255321">On platforms where &man.clang.1; is the default
system compiler, (such as i386, amd64, arm) GCC and GNU libstdc++ are no
longer built by default. &man.clang.1; and libc++ from LLVM are used on
these platforms by instead. GCC 4.2.1 and libstdc++ are still built
and used by default on pc98 and all other platforms where &man.clang.1;
is not the default system compiler.
</para>
<para revision="255321">On platforms where &man.clang.1; is the
default system compiler, (such as i386, amd64, arm) GCC and GNU
libstdc++ are no longer built by default. &man.clang.1; and
libc++ from LLVM are used on these platforms by instead. GCC
4.2.1 and libstdc++ are still built and used by default on pc98
and all other platforms where &man.clang.1; is not the default
system compiler.</para>
<para revision="251662">&man.clang.1; and llvm have been updated to
version 3.3 release. Please refer to
<link xlink:href="http://llvm.org/releases/3.3/tools/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.html">
Clang 3.3 Release Notes.</link></para>
<para revision="251662">&man.clang.1; and llvm have been updated
to version 3.3 release. Please refer to <link
xlink:href="http://llvm.org/releases/3.3/tools/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.html">
Clang 3.3 Release Notes.</link></para>
<para role="merged" revision="255949">BIND has been replaced by &man.unbound.8; for
local dns resolution in the base system. With this change, nslookup
and dig are no longer a part of the base system. Users should
instead use &man.host.1; and &man.drill.1; Alternatively,
nslookup and dig can be obtained by installing the
dns/bind-tools port.</para>
<para role="merged" revision="255949">BIND has been replaced by
&man.unbound.8; for local dns resolution in the base system.
With this change, nslookup and dig are no longer a part of the
base system. Users should instead use &man.host.1; and
&man.drill.1; Alternatively, nslookup and dig can be obtained by
installing the dns/bind-tools port.</para>
<para revision="225937">sysinstall has been removed from the base system.
Auxiliary libraries and tools used by sysinstall such as libdisk, libftpio,
and sade have also been removed. sysinstall has been replaced by
&man.bsdinstall.8; and &man.bsdconfig.8;.</para>
<para revision="225937">sysinstall has been removed from the base
system. Auxiliary libraries and tools used by sysinstall such
as libdisk, libftpio, and sade have also been removed.
sysinstall has been replaced by &man.bsdinstall.8; and
&man.bsdconfig.8;.</para>
<para revision="256106">&man.freebsd-version.1; has been added. This tool
makes a best effort to determine the version and patch level of
the installed kernel and userland.</para>
<para revision="256106">&man.freebsd-version.1; has been added.
This tool makes a best effort to determine the version and patch
level of the installed kernel and userland.</para>
<para revision="255191">GNU patch has been removed from the base system, and replaced
by a BSD-licensed &man.patch.1; program.</para>
<para revision="255191">GNU patch has been removed from the base
system, and replaced by a BSD-licensed &man.patch.1;
program.</para>
<para revision="241511">GNU sort has been removed from the base system, and replaced
by a BSD-licensed &man.sort.1; program.</para>
<para revision="241511">GNU sort has been removed from the base
system, and replaced by a BSD-licensed &man.sort.1;
program.</para>
<para revision="235723">Berkely yacc (byacc) has been imported
from <link xlink:href="http://invisible-island.net/byacc/">invisible island</link>.
This brings bison compatibilities to &man.yacc.1; while preserving full
backwards compatibility with previous version of &man.yacc.1;.</para>
from <link
xlink:href="http://invisible-island.net/byacc/">invisible
island</link>. This brings bison compatibilities to
&man.yacc.1; while preserving full backwards compatibility with
previous version of &man.yacc.1;.</para>
<para revision="250881">&man.lex.1; has been replaced by flex 2.5.37</para>
<para revision="250881">&man.lex.1; has been replaced by flex
2.5.37</para>
<para revision="250699">&man.make.1; has been replaced with the
<para revision="250699">&man.make.1; has been replaced with the
"Portable" BSD make tool (bmake) from NetBSD.</para>
<para revision="243023">Support for usernames up to 32
@ -454,10 +485,10 @@ hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be
<para>BSD-licensed versions of &man.bc.1; and &man.dc.1; have
replaced their GNU counterparts.</para>
<para role="merged">&man.chflags.1; now supports a <option>-v</option> flag for
verbose output and a <option>-f</option> flag to ignore errors
with the same semantics as (for example)
&man.chmod.1;.</para>
<para role="merged">&man.chflags.1; now supports
a <option>-v</option> flag for verbose output and
a <option>-f</option> flag to ignore errors with the same
semantics as (for example) &man.chmod.1;.</para>
<para>For compatibility with other implementations, &man.cp.1; now
supports a <option>-a</option> flag, which is equivalent to
@ -469,12 +500,13 @@ hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be
<filename>gcpio</filename>.</para>
<para>The &man.env.1; program now supports <option>-u
<replaceable>name</replaceable></option>
which will completely unset the given variable
<replaceable>name</replaceable> by removing it from the environment,
instead of just setting it to a null value.</para>
<replaceable>name</replaceable></option> which will completely
unset the given variable <replaceable>name</replaceable> by
removing it from the environment, instead of just setting it to
a null value.</para>
<para>The &man.fdopendir.3; library function has been added.</para>
<para>The &man.fdopendir.3; library function has been
added.</para>
<para role="merged">The &man.fetch.3; library now support HTTP 1.1
If-Modified-Since behavior. The &man.fetch.1; program now
@ -509,10 +541,10 @@ hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be
a <option>-q</option> flag to suppress warnings; it now also
accepts multiple paths on its command line.</para>
<para>&man.sh.1; has many bug fixes, some new features, and will now
refuse to parse some invalid scripts. Additionally, it now
has filename completion and defaults to the &quot;emacs&quot; editing
mode.</para>
<para>&man.sh.1; has many bug fixes, some new features, and will
now refuse to parse some invalid scripts. Additionally, it now
has filename completion and defaults to the &quot;emacs&quot;
editing mode.</para>
<para>The &man.split.1; utility now supports a <option>-n</option>
flag to split a file into a certain number of chunks.</para>
@ -540,8 +572,8 @@ hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be
<para>&man.top.1; now supports a <option>-P</option> flag to
provide per-CPU usage statistics.</para>
<para>&man.zdump.8; is now working properly on 64 bit architectures.
</para>
<para>&man.zdump.8; is now working properly on 64 bit
architectures.</para>
<para>&man.traceroute.8; now has the ability to print the AS
number for each hop with the new <option>-a</option> switch; a
@ -555,102 +587,106 @@ hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be
<sect3 xml:id="rc-scripts">
<title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> Scripts</title>
<para/>
<para>&nbsp;</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="contrib">
<title>Contributed Software</title>
<para revision="251300">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to 3.4.0.
See <link xlink:href="http://www.facebook.com/jemalloc/">this link</link>.
for more details.</para>
<para revision="251300">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
3.4.0. See <link
xlink:href="http://www.facebook.com/jemalloc/">this
link</link> for more details.</para>
<para role="merged"><application>AMD</application> has been updated from 6.0.10
to 6.1.5.</para>
<para role="merged"><application>AMD</application> has been
updated from 6.0.10 to 6.1.5.</para>
<para role="merged"><application>awk</application> has been updated from 1 May
<para role="merged"><application>awk</application> has been
updated from 1 May
2007 release to the 20121220 release.</para>
<para revision="251794"><application>CVS</application> has been removed from the
base system, but is still available from ports</para>
<para revision="251794"><application>CVS</application> has been
removed from the base system, but is still available from
ports</para>
<para revision="251886">Subversion has been imported into the base system and
is installed as <application>svnlite</application>. <application>svnlite</application>
should only be used for checking out &os; source and committing, and does not
replace the full Subversion port.</para>
<para revision="251886">Subversion has been imported into the base
system and is installed as <application>svnlite</application>.
<application>svnlite</application> should only be used for
checking out &os; source and committing, and does not replace
the full Subversion port.</para>
<para revision="234449"><application>file</application> has been updated to 5.11.</para>
<para revision="234449"><application>file</application> has been
updated to 5.11.</para>
<para revision="252726"><application>hostapd</application> has been
updated from 0.5.8 to 0.5.10.</para>
<para revision="252726"><application>hostapd</application> has
been updated from 0.5.8 to 0.5.10.</para>
<para><application>IPFilter</application> has been updated to 5.1.2.</para>
<para><application>IPFilter</application> has been updated to
5.1.2.</para>
<para revision="250592"><application>less</application> has been updated to
v458.</para>
<para revision="250592"><application>less</application> has been
updated to v458.</para>
<para><application>ncurses</application> has been updated from
to 5.7-20081102.</para>
<para><application>ncurses</application> has been updated from to
5.7-20081102.</para>
<para role="merged"><application>OpenSSH</application> has been updated
to 6.4.</para>
<para role="merged"><application>OpenSSH</application> has been
updated to 6.4.</para>
<para revision="236109"><application>OpenPAM</application> has been updated to
the Micrampelis release.</para>
<para revision="236109"><application>OpenPAM</application> has
been updated to the Micrampelis release.</para>
<para role="merged"><application>sendmail</application> has been updated from
8.14.1 to 8.14.7.</para>
<para role="merged"><application>sendmail</application> has been
updated from 8.14.1 to 8.14.7.</para>
<para role="merged">The timezone database has been updated from
the <application>tzdata2008h</application> release to
the <application>tzdata2009m</application> release.</para>
<para>The stdtime part of libc, &man.zdump.8; and &man.zic.8;
have been updated from the <application>tzcode2004a</application>
<para>The stdtime part of libc, &man.zdump.8; and &man.zic.8; have
been updated from the <application>tzcode2004a</application>
release to the <application>tzcode2009h</application> release.
If you have upgraded from source or via the &man.freebsd-update.8;,
then please run &man.tzsetup.8; to install a new /etc/localtime.
</para>
If you have upgraded from source or via the
&man.freebsd-update.8;, then please run &man.tzsetup.8; to
install a new /etc/localtime.</para>
<para revision="252726"><application>WPA Supplicant</application> has been
updated to 2.0.</para>
<para revision="252726"><application>WPA Supplicant</application>
has been updated to 2.0.</para>
<para role="merged"><application>xz</application> has been updated
from snapshot as of 12 April 2010 to 5.0.0.</para>
<para revision="258231" role="merged">&man.nvi.1; has been updated to 2.1.2.</para>
<para revision="254225">&man.nvi.1; supports wide character locales.</para>
<para revision="258231" role="merged">&man.nvi.1; has been updated
to 2.1.2.</para>
<para revision="254225">&man.nvi.1; supports wide character
locales.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="ports">
<title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>
<para revision="257444">The pkg_add, pkg_create, pkg_delete, pkg_info,
pkg_updating, and pkg_version utilities have been removed.
&man.pkg.7; must now be used to install binary packages. &man.pkg.7;
is the next generation &os; package manager, also referred to as "pkgng".</para>
<para revision="257444">The pkg_add, pkg_create, pkg_delete,
pkg_info, pkg_updating, and pkg_version utilities have been
removed. &man.pkg.7; must now be used to install binary
packages. &man.pkg.7; is the next generation &os; package
manager, also referred to as "pkgng".</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="releng">
<title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
<para role="merged">The supported version of
the <application>GNOME</application> desktop environment
(<package>x11/gnome2</package>) has been
updated from 2.20.1 to 2.22.</para>
<para role="merged">The supported version of the
<application>GNOME</application> desktop environment
(<package>x11/gnome2</package>) has been updated from 2.20.1
to 2.22.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="doc">
<title>Documentation</title>
<para/>
<para>&nbsp;</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
@ -671,9 +707,8 @@ hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting> Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be
<filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
<important>
<para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after
backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration
files.</para>
<para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
<emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
</important>
</sect1>
</article>