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usr.sbin/fdformat/Makefile Normal file
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# Copyright (C) 1993 by Joerg Wunsch, Dresden
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND
# ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
# OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
# HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
# LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
# OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
# SUCH DAMAGE.
#
PROG = fdformat
# the -I's seem to be confusing, but necessery this way
# (so the right <unistd.h> will be found in /usr/include, and the
# "../i386/isa/ic/nec765.h" included from fdreg.h is accessible, too)
CFLAGS+=-Wall -I/usr/include -I/sys/sys
.include <bsd.prog.mk>

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usr.sbin/fdformat/fdformat.1 Normal file
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.\" Copyright (C) 1993 by Joerg Wunsch, Dresden
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.Dd September 16, 1993
.Os FreeBSD
.Dt FDFORMAT 1
.Sh NAME
.Nm fdformat
.Nd format floppy disks
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm fdformat
.Bq Fl q
.Bq Fl v
.Bq Fl n
.Bq Fl f Ar capacity
.Bq Fl c Ar cyls
.Bq Fl s Ar secs
.Bq Fl h Ar heads
.br
.Bq Fl r Ar rate
.Bq Fl g Ar gap3len
.Bq Fl i Ar intleave
.Bq Fl S Ar secshft
.Bq Fl F Ar fillbyte
.Bq Fl t Ar steps_per_track
.Ar device_name
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Fdformat
formats a floppy disk at device
.Ar device_name .
.Ar Device_name
should be a character device; it may be given either with a full path
name of a raw device node for a floppy disk drive
.Pq e.\ g. Pa /dev/rfd0 ,
or default name in an abbreviated form
.Pq e.\ g. Em fd0 .
In the latter case, the name is constructed by prepending
.Pa /dev/r
and appending an
.Em .capacity
to the
.Ar device_name .
Note that any geometry constraints of the device node
.Pq minor device number
are meaningless, since they're overridden by
.Nm fdformat .
.Pp
The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width 10n -offset indent
.It Fl q
supress any normal output from the command, and don't ask the
user for a confirmation whether to format the floppy disk at
.Ar device_name .
.It Fl f Ar capacity
The normal way to specify the desired formatting parameters.
.Ar Capacity
is the number of kilobytes to format.
.It Fl n
Don't verify floppy after formatting.
.It Fl v
Don't format, verify only.
.It Fl c Ar cyls
.It Fl s Ar secs
.It Fl h Ar heads
.It Fl r Ar rate
.It Fl g Ar gap3len
.It Fl i Ar intleave
.It Fl S Ar secshft
.It Fl F Ar fillbyte
.It Fl t Ar steps_per_track
An alternate method to specify the geometry data to write to the floppy disk.
.El
If the
.Fl q
flag has not been specified, the user is asked for a confirmation
of the intended formatting process. In order to continue, an answer
of
.Dq y
must be given.
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
If no
.Fl q
has been specified, the current track
.Pq note: not cylinder
number is printed to standard output to inform the user about
the progress of work.
.Pp
An exit status of 0 is returned upon successful operation. Exit status
1 is returned on any errors during floppy formatting, and an exit status
of 2 reflects invalid arguments given to the program (along with an
appropriate information written to diagnostic output).
.Sh BUGS
The only valid interleave factor value is 1.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr fd 4 .
.Sh HISTORY
.Nm Fdformat
has been developed for 386BSD
and upgraded to the new
.Xr fd 4
floppy disk driver.
.Sh AUTHOR
The program has been contributed by
.if n Joerg Wunsch,
.if t J\(:org Wunsch,
Dresden with changes by Serge Vakulenko and Andrew A. Chernov, Moscow.

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usr.sbin/fdformat/fdformat.c Normal file
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/*
* Copyright (C) 1992-1993 by Joerg Wunsch, Dresden
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* FreeBSD:
* format a floppy disk
*
* Added FD_GTYPE ioctl, verifying, proportional indicators.
* Serge Vakulenko, vak@zebub.msk.su
* Sat Dec 18 17:45:47 MSK 1993
*
* Final adaptation, change format/verify logic, add separate
* format gap/interleave values
* Andrew A. Chernov, ache@astral.msk.su
* Thu Jan 27 00:47:24 MSK 1994
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <machine/ioctl_fd.h>
#include <../i386/isa/fdreg.h> /* XXX should be in <machine> dir */
static void
format_track(int fd, int cyl, int secs, int head, int rate,
int gaplen, int secsize, int fill)
{
struct fd_formb f;
register int i;
f.format_version = FD_FORMAT_VERSION;
f.head = head;
f.cyl = cyl;
f.transfer_rate = rate;
f.fd_formb_secshift = secsize;
f.fd_formb_nsecs = secs;
f.fd_formb_gaplen = gaplen;
f.fd_formb_fillbyte = fill;
for(i = 0; i < secs; i++) {
f.fd_formb_cylno(i) = cyl;
f.fd_formb_headno(i) = head;
f.fd_formb_secno(i) = i + 1;
f.fd_formb_secsize(i) = secsize;
}
if(ioctl(fd, FD_FORM, (caddr_t)&f) < 0) {
perror("\nfdformat: ioctl(FD_FORM)");
exit(1);
}
}
static int
verify_track(int fd, int track, int tracksize)
{
static char *buf = 0;
static int bufsz = 0;
if (bufsz < tracksize) {
if (buf)
free (buf);
bufsz = tracksize;
buf = 0;
}
if (! buf)
buf = malloc (bufsz);
if (! buf) {
fprintf (stderr, "\nfdformat: out of memory\n");
exit (2);
}
if (lseek (fd, (long) track*tracksize, 0) < 0)
return (-1);
if (read (fd, buf, tracksize) != tracksize)
return (-1);
return (0);
}
static const char *
makename(const char *arg, const char *suffix)
{
static char namebuff[20]; /* big enough for "/dev/rfd0a"... */
memset(namebuff, 0, 20);
if(*arg == '\0') /* ??? */
return arg;
if(*arg == '/') /* do not convert absolute pathnames */
return arg;
strcpy(namebuff, "/dev/r");
strncat(namebuff, arg, 3);
strcat(namebuff, suffix);
return namebuff;
}
static void
usage ()
{
printf("Usage:\n\tfdformat [-q] [-n | -v] [-f #] [-c #] [-s #] [-h #]\n");
printf("\t\t [-r #] [-g #] [-i #] [-S #] [-F #] [-t #] devname\n");
printf("Options:\n");
printf("\t-q\tsupress any normal output, don't ask for confirmation\n");
printf("\t-n\tdon't verify floppy after formatting\n");
printf("\t-v\tdon't format, verify only\n");
printf("\t-f #\tspecify desired floppy capacity, in kilobytes;\n");
printf("\t\tvalid choices are 360, 720, 800, 820, 1200, 1440, 1480, 1720\n");
printf("\tdevname\tthe full name of floppy device or in short form fd0, fd1\n");
printf("Obscure options:\n");
printf("\t-c #\tspecify number of cylinders, 40 or 80\n");
printf("\t-s #\tspecify number of sectors per track, 9, 10, 15 or 18\n");
printf("\t-h #\tspecify number of floppy heads, 1 or 2\n");
printf("\t-r #\tspecify data rate, 250, 300 or 500 kbps\n");
printf("\t-g #\tspecify gap length\n");
printf("\t-i #\tspecify interleave factor\n");
printf("\t-S #\tspecify sector size, 0=128, 1=256, 2=512 bytes\n");
printf("\t-F #\tspecify fill byte\n");
printf("\t-t #\tnumber of steps per track\n");
exit(2);
}
static int
yes ()
{
char reply [256], *p;
reply[sizeof(reply)-1] = 0;
for (;;) {
fflush(stdout);
if (! fgets (reply, sizeof(reply)-1, stdin))
return (0);
for (p=reply; *p==' ' || *p=='\t'; ++p)
continue;
if (*p=='y' || *p=='Y')
return (1);
if (*p=='n' || *p=='N' || *p=='\n' || *p=='\r')
return (0);
printf("Answer `yes' or `no': ");
}
}
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int format = -1, cyls = -1, secs = -1, heads = -1, intleave = -1;
int rate = -1, gaplen = -1, secsize = -1, steps = -1;
int fill = 0xf6, quiet = 0, verify = 1, verify_only = 0;
int fd, c, track, error, tracks_per_dot, bytes_per_track, errs;
const char *devname, *suffix;
struct fd_type fdt;
while((c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:c:s:h:r:g:S:F:t:i:qvn")) != -1)
switch(c) {
case 'f': /* format in kilobytes */
format = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'c': /* # of cyls */
cyls = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 's': /* # of secs per track */
secs = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'h': /* # of heads */
heads = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'r': /* transfer rate, kilobyte/sec */
rate = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'g': /* length of GAP3 to format with */
gaplen = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'S': /* sector size shift factor (1 << S)*128 */
secsize = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'F': /* fill byte, C-like notation allowed */
fill = (int)strtol(optarg, (char **)0, 0);
break;
case 't': /* steps per track */
steps = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'i': /* interleave factor */
intleave = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'q':
quiet = 1;
break;
case 'n':
verify = 0;
break;
case 'v':
verify = 1;
verify_only = 1;
break;
case '?': default:
usage();
}
if(optind != argc - 1)
usage();
switch(format) {
default:
fprintf(stderr, "fdformat: bad floppy size: %dK\n", format);
exit(2);
case -1: suffix = ""; break;
case 360: suffix = ".360"; break;
case 720: suffix = ".720"; break;
case 800: suffix = ".800"; break;
case 820: suffix = ".820"; break;
case 1200: suffix = ".1200"; break;
case 1440: suffix = ".1440"; break;
case 1480: suffix = ".1480"; break;
case 1720: suffix = ".1720"; break;
}
devname = makename(argv[optind], suffix);
if((fd = open(devname, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
perror(devname);
exit(1);
}
if(ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &fdt) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "fdformat: not a floppy disk: %s\n", devname);
exit(1);
}
switch(rate) {
case -1: break;
case 250: fdt.trans = FDC_250KBPS; break;
case 300: fdt.trans = FDC_300KBPS; break;
case 500: fdt.trans = FDC_500KBPS; break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "fdformat: invalid transfer rate: %d\n", rate);
exit(2);
}
if (cyls >= 0) fdt.tracks = cyls;
if (secs >= 0) fdt.sectrac = secs;
if (heads >= 0) fdt.heads = heads;
if (gaplen >= 0) fdt.f_gap = gaplen;
if (secsize >= 0) fdt.secsize = secsize;
if (steps >= 0) fdt.steptrac = steps;
if (intleave >= 0) fdt.f_inter = intleave;
if (fdt.f_inter != 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "fdformat: can't format with interleave != 1 yet\n");
exit(2);
}
bytes_per_track = fdt.sectrac * (1<<fdt.secsize) * 128;
tracks_per_dot = fdt.tracks * fdt.heads / 40;
if (verify_only) {
if(!quiet)
printf("Verify %dK floppy `%s'.\n",
fdt.tracks * fdt.heads * bytes_per_track / 1024,
devname);
}
else if(!quiet) {
printf("Format %dK floppy `%s'? (y/n): ",
fdt.tracks * fdt.heads * bytes_per_track / 1024,
devname);
if(! yes ()) {
printf("Not confirmed.\n");
return 0;
}
}
/*
* Formatting.
*/
if(!quiet) {
printf("Processing ----------------------------------------\r");
printf("Processing ");
fflush(stdout);
}
error = errs = 0;
for (track = 0; track < fdt.tracks * fdt.heads; track++) {
if (!verify_only) {
format_track(fd, track / 2, fdt.sectrac, track & 1,
fdt.trans, fdt.f_gap, fdt.secsize, fill);
if(!quiet && !((track + 1) % tracks_per_dot)) {
putchar('F');
fflush(stdout);
}
}
if (verify) {
if (verify_track(fd, track, bytes_per_track) < 0)
error = errs = 1;
if(!quiet && !((track + 1) % tracks_per_dot)) {
if (!verify_only)
putchar('\b');
if (error) {
putchar('E');
error = 0;
}
else
putchar('V');
fflush(stdout);
}
}
}
if(!quiet)
printf(" done.\n");
return errs;
}