work as expected when they have a "shebang line" of:
#!/bin/sh -- # -*- perl -*- -p
This specific line is recommended in some perl documentation, and I think
I've seen similar lines in documentation for ruby and python. Those
write-ups expect `sh' to ignore everything after the '--' if the first
thing after the '--' is a '#'. See chapter 19, "The Command-Line Interface"
in 3rd edition of "Programming Perl", for some discussion of why perl
recommends using this line in some circumstances.
The above line does work on solaris, irix and aix (as three data points),
and it used to work on FreeBSD by means of a similar patch to execve().
However, that change to execve() effected *all* shells (which caused
other problems), and that processing was recently removed.
PR: 16393 (the original request to fix the same issue)
Reviewed by: freebsd-current (looking at a slightly different patch)
MFC after: 1 week
- Document the fact that empty heading text suppresses the
heading line (e.g. 'ps -o pid='), as this is very useful
in scripts.
- Describe logname keyword more completely.
- Describe the printing of arguments more completely.
- Put lockname in the correct alphabetical order in the list
of all keywords.
- Correct sentence in standards section.
Submitted by: Jilles Tjoelker <jilles at stack nl>
PR: docs/73618
MFC After: 1 week
to exceed 10 megabytes in size (especially in X), bump the max
column width from 4 bytes to 5. This will make the ps auxw output
uniform again when a process's rss exceeds 10 megs.
It should be noted that when 5 digits becomes to small, other
solutions should be explored such as displaying them in megabytes
or having ps automatically re-size column widths.
Discussed with: gad
MFC after: 1 week
while opening of tcsh's message catalog. It gives us more flexibility, and
do not change current behaviour (since we call setlocale() here)
Submitted by: Rostislav Krasny <rosti_bsd@yahoo.com>
PR: bin/76773
MFC After: 3 days
regardless whether the output is to a terminal or not. As this is
consistent with the SUSPv2 specification (even though we do not
otherwise fully implement SUSPv2's ls(1) options), document this as it
is now, rather than trying to change the behaviour itself.
PR: docs/76072
Submitted by: Sebastian Rey <Sebastian.rey@gmx.net>
MFC after: 1 week
XXX from Tor: "The shell can also go into a similar loop if the child was
killed by signal 127, since the shell would believe the child to have
only stopped (WIFSTOPPED() macro returns nonzero value). Disallowing
signals 127 and 128 will fix that problem." See kern/19402 for details.
PR: bin/66242
Submitted by: tegge
Analysis and testcase by: demon
MFC after: 3 weeks
printing of the process environment will fail silently.
-define a function which will check to see if procfs is mounted on /proc
-Implement this test if the user specified -e
-If procfs is not mounted on /proc and -e was specified, print a warning.
informing the user that procfs(5) is required.
Reviewed by: wes, rwatson
WRT handling file and link names that reach the allowed
maximum for old tar and ustar archive formats.
PR: bin/40466
Submitted by: Cyrille Lefevre <email in the PR> (portions)
Reviewed by: freebsd-arch (silence)
MFC after: 1 month
to PRECIOUSLIB from bsd.lib.mk. The side effect of this
is making installing the world under jail(8) possible by
using another knob, NOFSCHG.
Reviewed by: oliver
instead of just !, this allows one to more easily locate/understand
the section of the manpage in question.
Additional wording correction by: keramida
Reviewed by: keramida
removing directories or if more than 3 files are listed in the
command line.
This feature is intended to provide a safe net but not being too
annoying like having "rm -i" for every deleting operations, and
is generally good for both newbies and power users, preventing
them from being so easily run into ``rm -rf /'', ``rm -rf *''
and so forth.
Originally implemented by Matthew Dillon for DragonFly, plus
some improvements done by various DragonFly contributors.
Approved by: murray (mentor; the original dillon's version)
Discussed with: des
Obtained from: DragonFly's bin/rm/
rm.c rev. 1.4 - 1.8
rm.1 rev. 1.3 - 1.4
MFC After: 1 month
occurrences of "/" in the argument list. This corresponds to Enhancement
Request Number 5 in the Austin Group TC2 Aardvark's XCU Defects Report
(<URL:http://www.opengroup.org/austin/aardvark/finaltext/xcubug.txt>).
Further discussion is available in the Austin Group mailing list archives
(<URL:http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/>, "Defect in XCU rm")
and for Austin Group members, in the Austin Group Interpretations archive
(<URL:http://www.opengroup.org/austin/interps/>, AI-019)
This commit makes that check conditional on !POSIXLY_CORRECT, since it
is not strictly correct according to the current version of the standard
(but is expected to be correct according to the next version, and has
already been adopted by Solaris).
considered an error according to the Open Group Base Specification.
PR: standards/45738
Submitted by: Matthias Andree <matthias.andree@web.de>
MFC after: 3 days
to specify an alternative padding character when using a conversion
mode, or when using noerror with sync and an input error occurs. This
facilities reading old and error-prone media by allowing the user to
more effectively mark error blocks in the output stream.
on March 31 won't take you to March 2 or 3 (now the result will
be the last day of February.)
In general, now stepping by months from the last days of the current
month A will take you to the very last day of the target month B if
B is shorter than A.
The previous version would just step to March 31 and rely on mktime(3)
to correct the date. Despite its simplicity, such way was counter-intuitive
to users and caused pain to shell script writers.
Noticed by: Igor Timkin <ivt at gamma dot ru>
Approved by: brian
MFC after: 2 weeks
of releases. The -DNOCRYPT build option still exists for anyone who
really wants to build non-cryptographic binaries, but the "crypto"
release distribution is now part of "base", and anyone installing from a
release will get cryptographic binaries.
Approved by: re (scottl), markm
Discussed on: freebsd-current, in late April 2004
invalid information will be printed if the -t flag is specified.
$ df -t ufs
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
/dev/ad0s1a 495726 139944 316124 31% /
/dev/ad0s1e 253678 6438 226946 3% /tmp
/dev/ad0s1f 56206340 13594248 38115586 26% /usr
/dev/ad0s1d 694126 19812 618784 3% /var
/dev/ad0s1d 694126 19812 618784 3% /var
$
Note that the mount point which is not accessible shows
up as the previous file system that was printed. The reason
for this is that df -t will call statfs(2) on the pathname
supplied by getfsstat(2).
This is done to refresh the file system statistics in the
event that a previous file system had a long delay in
providing its stats.
This change affects the df utility in the following ways:
o Teach df has to deal with statfs(2) failing. If statfs(2)
fails, fall back on the possibly stale stats provided by
the initial call to getfsstat(2).
o Print a warning that the fs stats could possibly be stale
o Modify the man page and document this new behavior
as a bug.
Approved by: bmilekic (mentor)
PR: 68165
back into epoch time. Everytime I'm asked to do this by someone I
have to spend about ten minutes recreating the same command line.
So record it under examples.
rev 1.18, but not documented in the man page) caused a failed chdir.
Otherwise, one can easily overwrite files.
Submitted by: Robert Nagy <robert@openbsd.org>
Obtained from: OpenBSD
(aka "command") will display "<defunct>", as does the output from "comm"
for those processes. Also do better checking for malloc() failures.
Submitted by: Cyrille Lefevre
the [acm]time are the same. I was going to use Scott's patch, but I
couldn't get the style quite right, so I used a patch of my own.
Submitted by: Scott Mitchell <scott+freebsd at fishballoon.org>
MFC after: 3 weeks
threads, put the command name in square brackets instead of parenthesis.
This matches NetBSD, and also seems to be what linux does. The sentence
which is added to the man page is taken straight from NetBSD.
PR: bin/65803
Submitted by: Cyrille Lefevre
Obtained from: NetBSD
kvm_getprocs() will provide useful information if it can, or *it*
will provide a zero value if it can not find something appropriate.
Submitted by: bde
Any [standard output] field need not be meaningful in all
implementations. In such a case a hyphen ('-') should be
output in place of the field value
So have the `-O label' option print out the string " -" if the
process has no label.
Approved by: Silence from rwatson and green (when asked in March...)
and number-of-threads tied to a process. Result can be seen by typing,
e.g.: ps -HO lwp,nlwp
These new options are not documented yet. More options will be coming,
and I will update the man page after I get farther along.
PR: bin/65803 (though adjusted to fit our present source)
Submitted by: Cyrille Lefevre
when copying per-process info before starting to sort the list. This way,
sort-by-CPU or sort-by-memory will only calculate values once-per-process,
instead of twice-per-comparison. Also take advantage of this to simplify
the pscomp() routine.
have no entries to print (either due to an empty directory or an
error). This makes the -l and -s options more consistent, like
Solaris and (Debian) Linux. To make this happen, tweak two
optimizations on the second call to display():
- Don't skip display() altogether, even if list == NULL.
- Don't skip the call to the printfn in display() if we
need to print the total.
PR: 45723
instances of 64-bit arithmetic were costing 775 bytes, and the
inlining offered no benefit. Moreover, ambiguity as to the argument
types led to the introduction of a bug (see rev 1.56).
Also, remove some casts that are now clearly redundant.
Inspired by: 67467
process id, instead of using pid==0. Ie, `ps -p 12,' and `ps -p ,12'
are now errors (instead of being treated like `ps -p 0 -p 12').
Noticed by: Cyrille Lefevre on freebsd-arch
is treated like `ps -t p0', instead of changing it to `ps -T p0'.
Note that `ps t' is still changed to `ps -T', since that is one of
the main reasons for this kludge processing...
Noticed by: Jilles Tjoelker on freebsd-arch
more special situations. This is the code which process `ps blah',
when "blah" does not include a leading '-'.
This change also removes a long-undocumented BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
compile-time option, where:
ps -options arg1 arg2
(with no '-' on "arg1" and "arg2") was treated as:
ps -options -N arg1 -M arg2
This also changes `ps' to check for any additional arguments after
processing all the '-'-options, and attempt to use those arguments as
a pid or pidlist. If an extra argument is not a valid pidlist, then
`ps' will print an error and exit. This seems a more generally useful
extension of the kludge-option processing than the -N/-M behavior, and
has fewer confusing side-effects.
Reviewed by: freebsd-arch
(if trying to match only one real-group or one session-id), now that
those options are implemented in src/sys/kern/kern_proc.c (v1.203).
PR: bin/65803 (a very tiny piece of the PR)
Submitted by: Cyrille Lefevre
LC_CTYPE setting) when determining which characters are printable.
This is an often-requested feature.
Use wcwidth() to determine the number of column positions a character
takes up, although there are still a few places left where we assume
1 byte = 1 column position, e.g. line-wrapping when handling the -m option.
The error handling here is somewhat more complicated than usual: we do
our best to show what we can of a filename in the presence of conversion
errors, instead of simply aborting.
- Print a diagnostic if kdumpenv() fails. This can occur due to MAC
restrictions or lack of memory. Catch all kenv(2) failures as well.
- Just of the heck of it, DTRT if the kernel environment size changes
at the wrong time. The old code could fail silently or fail to
null-terminate a buffer if you got exceptionally unlucky.
- Sort and GC the #includes.
decoration. Further improvements are welcome, but at least this
is a separate of the various modes of operation date has, as well as
sectioning off the two deprecated options for settimeofday(tz) that
don't even apply to actual operation of date as such, anyway.
will print them (i.e., number of successful calls to acl_get_entry()
exceeds 3). This makes O(1) what was O(num_TYPE_ACCESS_ACLs).
This is a slightly modified version of submitter's patch.
PR: bin/65042
Submitted by: Christian S.J. Peron <maneo@bsdpro.com>
This corrects a problem of lost-precision for `-r' (sort-by-CPU). Also,
for sort-by-CPU and sort-by-memory, any processes which have the same
value CPU or MEMORY are now sorted by TTY and then (if needed) by pid.
(* - I just added the NODEV checks, after doing some testing of my own)
Submitted by: bde
MFC after: 1 week
(if any) and exit, thus matching the behavior on -stable and other OS's.
My earlier attempt to fix this (v1.65) only seemed to work because of a
lucky random value in nentries (which was not being initialized back
when I tested that earlier patch).
is compiled with LAZY_PS, so that there is only one PS_ARGS string to
modify when changing the option-list. Also get `-f' to show up in the
usage() statement when compiled with LAZY_PS.
- Change `-p' to allow a list of process IDs, and `-t' to allow a list
of terminal names, instead of only a single value for each.
- Add the `-A' option of SUSv3, which is exactly the same as `-ax'.
- Add the `-G gidlist' (group id).
- Allow any of these "selector options" to be specified multiple times,
and have `ps' keep adding to a given list -- instead of replacing the
previously-specified values.
- Fix interactions between selector-options, so that: "If any are
specified, ... ps shall select the processes represented by the
inclusive OR of all the selection-criteria options." (from SUSv3)
- Add a `-X' option, which is the reverse of the `-x' option.
- various minor improvements in parsing and error handling.
This does not get us to match POSIX/SUSv3, but it gets us closer. The
`-g pgidlist', `-R ruserlist' and `-s sidlist' options mentioned in
freebsd-standards are still under debate, so they skipped for now.
It should be true that this introduces no user-visible incompatible
changes, except to support "new stuff" that was not supported before.
sysctl(3) interface in kvm(3).
- Document the correct default when no -N is specified.
- Remove stale reference to /var/db/kvm_kernel.db.
- Remove stale reference to /var/run/dev.db.
just print the header (if any) and exit, thus matching the behavior on -stable
and other OS's.
Also adds support for <x> being a comma-separated list of processes, and does
a much better checking for invalid-values of <x>, such as 'ps -p someword'.
Reviewed by: mentioned on freebsd-current
MFC after: 10 days
using -m and -g switches and "available space" is negative (i.e. when
the file system is already using the root-reserved minimum free space).
Obtained from: Stefan Farfeleder <stefan@fafoe.narf.at>
PR: bin/62536
Submitted by: Peter van Dijk <peter@dataloss.nl>
Approved by: grog (mentor), bde
that this provokes. "Wherever possible" means "In the kernel OR NOT
C++" (implying C).
There are places where (void *) pointers are not valid, such as for
function pointers, but in the special case of (void *)0, agreement
settles on it being OK.
Most of the fixes were NULL where an integer zero was needed; many
of the fixes were NULL where ascii <nul> ('\0') was needed, and a
few were just "other".
Tested on: i386 sparc64
in the comment applies to a decision that needs to be made in relation
to the year 2000.
In fact, that statement probably should be changed to be
more generic (getting the year from the current time perhaps). Otherwise,
starting in 2069 two digit year conversions in date(1) will start assuming
1900 instead of 2000. hehe.
1. Sizes in the range 1000 -- 1023 units require four characters width
for the integer; increase the field width to accomodate this.
2. Sizes in the range 9.95 -- 10 units were being displayed as "10.0"
units; adjust the logic to fix this, and now that we've got an extra
character of field width, print fractional units if the size is less
than 99.95 units.
3. Don't display sub-byte precision.
This should mean that the following sizes are displayed:
0B .. 1023B
1.0U .. 9.9U
10.0U .. 99.9U
100U .. 1023U
for values of U in "KMGTPE".
PR: bin/63547
Pointy hat to: cperciva
Approved by: rwatson (mentor)
Only use return value from system call if system call succeeded.
Tested with `make world` and some of my own scripts.
This should be MFCed soon. While /bin/sh is hard to test the fix is
obviously correct and can be assumed not to break something else
(famous last words...).
Joe Marcus Clarke <marcus@FreeBSD.ORG>, subshells could lose a
non-zero exit status.
This commit is Joe's proposed patch. Thanks!
I verified that the problem Joe found is fixed and I ran a full world
with this patch.
I don't plan to ever commit language patches to /bin/sh again. It is
a minefield too big to navigate without a full-time committment, which
I am not willing to do on our /bin/sh.
Under normal circumstances I would recommend using NetBSD's sh which
has a lot of language fixes (like the ones what these patches were
about) but unfortunately they had implemented broken signal behaviour
for shellscript containing interactive programs. Similar issues apply
to pdksh which is OpenBSD's sh.
From my perspective bash2 is the only really working bourne sh out
there and that one is GPLed. Oh well.
from log[10](largest file size), but when outputting in human-friendly
format the width is always at most 4. (eg. "123K", " 12K", "1.2K".)
PR: bin/59320
Approved by: rwatson (mentor)
* Remove mention of '>', 'A', and 'S' states
* Mention 'W' state.
* List 'J' state in the correct location.
* Sync with flags in sys/proc.h
Approved by: rwatson (mentor)
MFC after: 7 days
should slightly reduce the number of system calls in critical portions of
the shell, and select a more efficient path through the fdalloc code.
Reviewed by: bde
- Unify the conditional assignments section so that architectural
exclusions come first, then options and !options, sorted by the
option name, also in directory order, then architecture specific
sections, sorted by the architecture name, with i386 being a
traditional exception.
Prodded by: bde
o When fts_read() cannot stat the file, it can't be unlinked. At
that case, don't display error message when -f flag is used.
Obtained from: bde
PR: kern/16815, bin/35842
Reported by: kuriyama, Aleksandr A. Babaylov <.@babolo.ru>
sh -e behaviour was incorrect when && and || statements where used in
"if" clauses.
This is the patch submitted by MORI Kouji <mori@tri.asanuma.co.jp>.
It fixes the issue at hand, but sh fixes like this are super-hard to
verify that they don't break anything else. I ran some of my old test
cases and a few big GNU configure scripts that detected mistakes
before, with the previous sh, patched sh and bash. No differences in
behaviour found. MFC recommended after longer than usual time.
Compiles on i386 and sledge.
to gcc have not been made for ia64, which means that executables still
have /usr/libexec/ld-elf.so.1 as the dynamic linker. This simply does
not work if /usr is a seperate filesystem not mounted when the kernel
tries to execute init(8).
Note that this is a temporary fix until a new gcc has been imported
that does have the required changes.
Approved: re@
dynamically linked. This has been a long time coming with the move of
critical libraries from /usr/lib to /lib. If you don't feel comfortable
with dynamically linked binaries in your root partition, now is the
time to define NO_DYNAMICROOT in your make.conf.
Approved by: re
accurate reporting of multi-terabyte filesystem sizes.
You should build and boot a new kernel BEFORE doing a `make world'
as the new kernel will know about binaries using the old statfs
structure, but an old kernel will not know about the new system
calls that support the new statfs structure. Running an old kernel
after a `make world' will cause programs such as `df' that do a
statfs system call to fail with a bad system call.
Reviewed by: Bruce Evans <bde@zeta.org.au>
Reviewed by: Tim Robbins <tjr@freebsd.org>
Reviewed by: Julian Elischer <julian@elischer.org>
Reviewed by: the hoards of <arch@freebsd.org>
Sponsored by: DARPA & NAI Labs.
do only unlink the file if we could indeed overwrite the file.
Old behaviour: rm -P /tmp/foo (foo mode 0444) would NOT overwrite foo,
but still delete it (with a warning: rm: foo: Permission denied)
New behaviour: Just the EPERM warning, but no deletion
Reviewed by: bde
rm_overwrite() (for rm -P).
2. Print the file name in the error message for (fatal) malloc() failures
in rm_overwrite(). I first thought that malloc() failures should be
non-fatal since they don't prevent proceeding the the next file, but
making them non-fatal would normally give too much output for rm -Pr
on a large tree in the unlikely event that even one occurs, since the
malloc()ed amounts are usually the same. Just print the file name since
the malloc()ed amounts are not always the same and it doesn't hurt to
know where rm was when it quit.
Submitted by: guido ((1) and original version of (2))
- Issue a single writev(2) call instead of multiple write(2)s.
This change improves the inefficiencies introduced when echo
went on an stdio diet.
The following figures are for echoing 1000 arguments.
original stdio-based echo:
0.01 real 0.01 user 0.00 sys
before:
0.05 real 0.00 user 0.04 sys
after:
0.01 real 0.00 user 0.00 sys
when grepping for JOBS. The recent style cleanup replaced the space with
a tab and broke job control detection. Little edits, disastrous consequences.
Submitted by: Peter Edwards <pmedwards@eircom.net>
X-MFC when: in about 5 weeks with the other sh arithmetic fixes.
WITH_DYNAMICROOT, which will toggle the generation of dynamically-linked
binaries for installation in /bin and /sbin. It is currently off,
meaning that /bin and /sbin are still statically linked by default.
If something goes wrong (which I hope doesn't), this is what /rescue is
all about. Please do not try to use WITH_DYNAMICROOT and NO_RESCUE to
save space or some other equally silly reason. If you do and end up
having problems, you have been warned.
tools such as chmod(1) and ls(1) when it comes to acting on objects
that have POSIX.1e extended ACLs. Specifically, discuss the
substitution of the mask entry for the group entry in the mode
representation of the ACL. Differently worded from the submission,
and could probably use further refinement.
PR: 55319
Submitted by: Grzegorz Czaplinski <G.Czaplinski@prioris.mini.pw.edu.pl>
