This variable allows the loading of shared libraries via directory descriptors
rather than via library paths. If LD_LIBRARY_PATH_FDS=3:4:12, the directories
represented by file descriptors 3, 4 and 12 will searched for shared libraries
before the normal path-based mechanisms are used. This allows us to execute
unprivileged binaries from within a Capsicum sandbox even if they require
shared libraries.
Approved by: rwatson (mentor)
Reviewed by: kib
MFC after: 3 weeks
Sponsored by: DARPA/AFRL
by John Marino <draco@marino.st>, with the following (edited) commit
message
Date: Sat, 24 Mar 2012 06:40:50 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 1/1] rtld: Implement DT_RUNPATH and -z nodefaultlib
DT_RUNPATH is incorrectly being considered as an alias of DT_RPATH. The
purpose of DT_RUNPATH is to have two different types of rpath: one that
can be overridden by the environment variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH and one that
can't. With the currently implementation, LD_LIBRARY_PATH will always
trump any embedded rpath or runpath tags.
Current path search order by rtld:
==================================
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
DT_RPATH / DT_RUNPATH (always the same)
ldconfig hints file (default: /var/run/ld-elf.so.hints)
/usr/lib
New path search order by rtld:
==============================
DT_RPATH of the calling object if no DT_RUNPATH
DT_RPATH of the main binary if no DT_RUNPATH and binary isn't calling obj
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
DT_RUNPATH
ldconfig hints file
/usr/lib
The new path search matches how the linux runtime loader works. The other
major added feature is support for linker flag "-z nodefaultlib". When
this flag is passed to the linker, rtld will skip all references to the
standard library search path ("/usr/lib" in this case but it could handle
more color delimited paths) except in DT_RPATH and DT_RUNPATH.
New path search order by rtld with -z nodefaultlib flag set:
============================================================
DT_RPATH of the calling object if no DT_RUNPATH
DT_RPATH of the main binary if no DT_RUNPATH and binary isn't calling obj
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
DT_RUNPATH
ldconfig hints file (skips all references to /usr/lib)
FreeBSD notes:
- we fixed some bugs which were submitted to DragonFly and merged there
as commit 1ff8a2bd3eb6e5587174c6a983303ea3a79e0002;
- we added LD_LIBRARY_PATH_RPATH environment variable to switch to
the previous behaviour of considering DT_RPATH a synonym for DT_RUNPATH;
- the FreeBSD default search path is /lib:/usr/lib and not /usr/lib.
Reviewed by: kan
MFC after: 1 month
MFC note: flip the ld_library_path_rpath default value for stable/9
filters are implemented.
Filtees are loaded on demand, unless LD_LOADFLTR environment variable
is set or -z loadfltr was specified during the linking. This forces
rtld to upgrade read-locked rtld_bind_lock to write lock when it
encounters an object with filter during symbol lookup.
Consolidate common arguments of the symbol lookup functions in the
SymLook structure. Track the state of the rtld locks in the
RtldLockState structure. Pass local RtldLockState through the rtld
symbol lookup calls to allow lock upgrades.
Reviewed by: kan
Tested by: Mykola Dzham <i levsha me>, nwhitehorn (powerpc)
the rtld hints file. This environment variable would be unset if the
process is considered as tainted with setuid/setgid. This feature gives
a convenient way of using a custom set of shared library that is not
located in the default location and switch back.
Feature requested by: iXsystems
Original patch by: John Hixson
MFC after: 2 weeks
Another handy libmap patch. Lets you do stuff like this:
LD_LIBMAP="libpthread.so.1=libthr.so.1" mythreadedapp
If you already have a program-specific override in libmap.conf, note
that you must use a program-specific override in LD_LIBMAP:
LD_LIBMAP="[mythreadedapp],libpthread.so.1=libthr.so.1" mythreadedapp
PR: bin/74471
Submitted by: Dan Nelson <dnelson AT allantgroup.com>
MFC after: 2 weeks
Setting the LD_DUMP_REL_PRE or LD_DUMP_REL_POST environment variables
cause rtld-elf to output a table of all relocations.
This is useful for debugging.
This is an optional feature, disabled by default.
This will be useful to people testing the various POSIX threading
libraries under -CURRENT but can easily serve other needs.
Avoid using parenthesis enclosure macros (.Pq and .Po/.Pc) with plain text.
Not only this slows down the mdoc(7) processing significantly, but it also
has an undesired (in this case) effect of disabling hyphenation within the
entire enclosed block.
If it is set to a nonempty string, then simply skip any missing
shared libraries. This came up in a discussion long ago as a
potentially useful feature at sysinstall time. For example, an
X11 utility could be used without the X libraries being present,
provided the utility had a mode in which no X functions were actually
called.
This will make a number of things easier in the future, as well as (finally!)
avoiding the Id-smashing problem which has plagued developers for so long.
Boy, I'm glad we're not using sup anymore. This update would have been
insane otherwise.
nonempty string, then function calls are relocated at program start-up
rather than lazily. This variable is standard on Sun and SVR4 systems.
The dlopen() function now supports both lazy and immediate binding, as
determined by its "mode" argument, which can be either 1 (RTLD_LAZY) or
2 (RTLD_NOW). I will add defines of these symbols to <dlfcn.h> as soon
as I've done a little more checking to make sure they won't cause
collisions or bootstrapping problems that would break "make world".
The "LD_*" environment variables which alter dynamic linker behavior are
now treated as unset if they are set to the empty string. This agrees
with the standard SVR4 conventions for the dynamic linker.
Add a work-around for programs compiled with certain buggy versions of
crt0.o. The buggy versions failed to set the "crt_ldso" member of the
interface structure. This caused certain error messages from the
dynamic linker to begin with "(null)" instead of the pathname of the
dynamic linker.
configurable fallback search paths, as well as new crt interface version.
Also:
- even faster getenv(), get all environment variable settings in a single
pass.
- ldd printf-like format specifications
- minor code cleanups, one vsprintf -> vsnprintf (harmless)
The library search sequence is a little more complete now. Before,
it'd search $LD_LIBRARY_PATH (by opendir/readdir/closedir), then read
the hints file, then read /usr/lib (again by scanning thr directory). It
would then fail if there was no "found" library.
Now, it does LD_LIBRARY_PATH and the hints file the same, but then uses
a longer fallback path. The -R path is fetched from the executable if
specified at build time, the ldconfig path is appended, and /usr/lib is
appended to that. Duplicates are suppressed. This means that simply
placing a new library in /usr/local/lib will work (the same as it did in
/usr/lib) without needing ldconfig -m. It will find it quicker if the
ldconfig is run though.
Similar changes have been made to the NetBSD ld.so, but ours is rather
different now due to John Polstra's speedups and fixes from a while back.
The ldd printf-like format support came direct from NetBSD.
Reviewed by: nate, jdp
