write to. This is specified in "options { directory }" in named.conf.
So, create /etc/namedb/working with appropriate permissions, and
update the entry in named.conf to match.
In addition to specifying the working directory, file and path names
in named.conf can be specified relative to the directory listed.
However, since that directory is now different from /etc/namedb
(where the configuration, zone, rndc.*, and other files are located)
further update named.conf to specify all file names with fully
qualified paths. Also update the comment about file and path names
so users know this should be done for all file/path names in the file.
This change will eliminate the 'working directory is not writable'
messages at boot time without sacrificing security. It will also
allow for features in newer versions of BIND (9.7+) to work as
designed.
(localhost by default) can be successfully looked up. Off by default.
2. New feature: option to create a forwarder configuration file based on
the contents of /etc/resolv.conf. This allows you to utilize a local
resolver for better performance, less network traffic, custom zones, etc.
while still relying on the benefits of your local network resolver.
Off by default.
3. Add named-checkconf into the startup routine. This will prevent named
from trying to start in a situation where it would not be possible to do
so.
Give a better example if a user absolutely must use this option, and
suggest they pick something from the ephemeral port range rather than
port 53. This means that the example will not work if it is merely
uncommented, but this will hopefully encourage users to read the comment.
commented out example who have either not responded, or specifically
asked not to participate because they do not view AXFR as "a production
service."
2. Add f.root-servers.net to the example after confirmation from
Paul Vixie.
3. Add a warning to the commented out "root zone slave" example to the
effect that it requires more attention than a hints file, and provides
more benefit to larger sites than individual hosts.
4. Correct a typo copied from RFC 2544 which was corrected in a later
errata, and confirmed in RFC 3330. Update the comment to reflect that
RFC 3330 got it right and to avoid confusion down the road. 3330 also
contains a reference back to 2544 for anyone interested in pursuing the
history. [1]
PR: conf/115573 [1]
Submitted by: Oliver Fromme <olli@secnetix.de> [1]
Approved by: re (kensmith)
that the listen-on stuff floats up to the first "page" of text. This
makes it very obvious what's going on so that someone trying to enable
a server for use on a network can easily see how to do that.
2. Change the default behavior back to using a hint zone for the root.
3. Leave the root slave zone config as a commented out example.
4. Remove the B and F root servers from the example at the request of
their operators.
Requested by: he-who-must-not-be-named [1]
Requested by: many [2]
Approved by: re (rwatson)
best practices:
1. The old way of generating the localhost zones was not optimal both
because they did not exist by default, and because they were not really
aligned with BCP. There is no need to have the dynamic data that the
make-localhost script generated, and good reasons to do this more
"by the book."
2. In named.conf
a. Clean up white space
b. Add/clarify a few comments
c. Slave zones from the root servers instead of using a hints
file. This has several advantages, as described in the comments.
d. Significantly revamp the default zones, including the
forward localhost zone, and the reverse zones for IPv4 and IPv6
loopback addresses. There are extensive comments describing what
is included and why. Interested readers should take the time to
review the RFCs mentioned in the comments. There is also relevant
information about the motivations for hosting these zones in the
"work in progress" Internet-Draft,
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsop-default-local-zones-02.txt
or its successor.
It's also worth noting that a significant number of these
empty zones are already included by default in the named binary
without any user configuration.
e. Because we're including a lot of examples of both local
forward zones and slave zones in the default configuration,
eliminate some of those examples.
3. Add new localhost-{forward|reverse} zone files, and an "empty" zone
to support the changes in 2.d. above. The empty zone file isn't really
empty in order to avoid a warning from BIND about a zone file that
doesn't contain any A or AAAA records.
on -arch, and RFC 4159 (http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4159.txt)
which officially deprecates all usage of IP6.INT, remove the
reference to that zone from the example named.conf file.
with the rest of the examples, so after discussion with him and gshapiro,
re-sort the examples, and add more comments to make things very obvious.
Also, divide the examples between example.{com|net|org} to make things
even more obvious, and use the same RFC 1918 block for all examples.
Pointed out by: Scot W. Hetzel <hetzels@westbend.net>
user (for creation of the zone journal file). This is separate from the
master/ directory for security. Give an example dynamic zone in the
sample named.conf.
Approved by: dougb
Noticed by: Eivind Olsen <eivind at aminor.no>
MFC after: 1 week
authoritative servers.
2. Add an IPv4 listen-on option for 127.0.0.1, which is appropriate
for the default use as a local resolver.
3. Add a commented out listen-on-v6 option.
1. Update text about later BINDs using a pseudo-random, unpriviliged
query port for UDP by default.
2. We are now running in a sandbox by default, with a dedicated dump
directory, so remove the stale comment.
3. The topology configuration is not for the faint of heart, so
remove the commented example.
4. Tighten up some language a bit.
5. s/secondary/slave/
6. No need for the example about a bind-owned directory for slave zones.
7. Change domain.com to example.com in the example, per RFC 2606.
8. Update the path for slave zones in the example.
- Thanks to Scot Hetzel <swhetzel@gmail.com>
There is more work to do here, but this is an improvement.
by default when named is enabled. Also, improve our default directory
layout by creating /var/named/etc/namedb/{master|slave} directories,
and use the former for the generated localhost* files.
Rather than using pax to copy device entries, mount devfs in the
chroot directory.
There may be some corner cases where things need to be adjusted,
but overall this structure has been well tested on a production
network, and should serve the needs of the vast majority of users.
UPDATING has instructions on how to do the conversion for those
with existing configurations.
work right when the administrator has modified their runtime environment
in a manner not anticipated by our script.
Requested by: Tom Maher <tardis@ece.cmu.edu>
of the SOA 'minimum' field. Now it's necessary to define $TTL seperately
to shut it up. Bind does reasonable things by default but it's annoying
still.
PR: 15834
Submitted by: Daniel Lewart <d-lewart@uiuc.edu>
to the comments in named.conf to describe to the user how to create it.
(named.conf does not use /etc/namedb/s by default anyway so us not
pre-created it in the mtree does not hurt us terribly).
Adjust rc.conf to run named in sandbox, adjust mtree to add /etc/namedb/s
subdirectory (user bind, group bind) to hold secondaries, adjust
comments in named.conf to reflect new secondary scheme. (Note that
core read-only zone files are left owned by root, increasing security even
more).
