It seems RTL8169/RTL8168/RTL810xE has a kind of interrupt
moderation mechanism but it is not documented at all. The magic
value dramatically reduced number of interrupts without noticeable
performance drops so apply it to all RTL8169/RTL8169 controllers.
Vendor's FreeBSD driver also applies it to RTL810xE controllers but
their Linux driver explicitly cleared the register, so do not
enable interrupt moderation for RTL810xE controllers.
While I'm here sort 8169 specific registers.
Obtained from: RealTek FreeBSD driver
o) Fix enumeration of PHY addresses on the MR-955.
o) Parse link state for the MR-730 using the Broadcom PHY support in the SDK.
It's not clear that this is entirely-correct, but it seems to work. Since
this board uses a BCM5482S, this may mean that we work correctly for copper
but not SFI, which is untested.
- Register APIC enumerators at SI_SUB_TUNABLES - 1 instead of SI_SUB_CPU - 1.
- Probe CPUs at SI_SUB_TUNABLES - 1. This allows i386 to set a truly
accurate mp_maxid value rather than always setting it to MAXCPU - 1.
included in a kernel config. These stubs had existed previously so that
acpi.ko could always include the MADT parsing code and still link with a
kernel that did not include 'device apic'.
local APIC if those LVT entries are valid. This quiets spurious illegal
register local APIC errors during boot on a CPU that doesn't support those
vectors.
MFC after: 1 week
There were a couple of attempts in the past to reduce it since it
took more than 1ms. Because mii_tick() periodically polls link
status, waiting more than 1ms for each GMII register access was
overkill. Unfortunately all previous attempts were failed with
various ways on different controllers.
This time, add additional 20us dealy at the end of GMII register
access which seems to requirement of all RealTek controllers to
issue next GMII register access request. This is the same way what
Linux does.
ensure that grow_amount is a multiple of the page size. Otherwise, the
kernel may crash in swap_reserve_by_uid() on HEAD and FreeBSD 8.x, and
produce a core file with a missing stack on FreeBSD 7.x.
Diagnosed and reported by: jilles
Reviewed by: kib
MFC after: 1 week
actually 16 I/O lines but the other ones are used for system devices and
interrupts.
The IXP4XX platform can set interrupts on these pins for
high/low/rising/falling/transitional but this is not implemented yet.
The Cambria has the same interface but as all the pins are assigned to system
functions the gpio header is toggled via a PLD on the i2c bus and is not
supported by this commit.
function from the timer code to util, rename it appropriately and
also fix a bug in sctp_get_prev_mtu(), where calling it with a
value existing in the MTU table did not return a smaller one.
MFC after: 3 days.
controllers. sk(4) never reprogrammed station address for Yukon
controllers so overriding station address with ifconfig(8) was not
possible.
Fix the bug by reprogramming all registers that control station
address, flow-control and virtual station address. Virtual station
address has no use at this moment since driver does not make use of
fail over feature.
Tested by: "Mikhail T." <mi+thun <> aldan.algebra.com>
MFC after: 1 week
the IEEE80211_C_RATECTL flag set, default to NONE for all drivers. Only if
a driver calls ieee80211_ratectl_init() check if the NONE algo is still
selected and try to use AMRR in that case. Drivers are still free to use
any other algo by calling ieee80211_ratectl_set() prior to the
ieee80211_ratectl_init() call.
After this change it is now safe to assume that a ratectl algo is always
available and selected, which renders the IEEE80211_C_RATECTL flag pretty
much useless. Therefore revert r211314 and 211546.
Reviewed by: rpaulo
MFC after: 2 weeks
what we have. Without the check the kernel could accessing memory that
does not belong to the request struct.
Note that we do not test if the struct equals in size at this time, which
may faciliate forward compatibility with newer binaries.
Reviewed by: pjd at MeetBSD CA '2010
MFC after: 1 week
based devices (QUALCOMMINC 0x2000). He made it use SCSI eject instead of
ZTE STOR eject. This prevented my ZTE MF626 dongle from switching.
- Apply both eject methods for ZTE STOR based devices. Works on my as
well as mav's device.
- Remove the duplicate.
- Sort the usbdevs entries for Qualcomm so this won't happen again.
- Add bootverbose message displaying the fact that we are ejecting (and
how).
Reviewed by: mav
MFC after: 2 weeks
only for !usevget case. If VFS_VGET is working, the vnode shared lock
is obtained recursively and vput() shall be done, not vunref().
Submitted by: rmacklem
Tested by: Josh Carroll <josh.carroll gmail com>
MFC after: 3 days
copied as a template for _SRS, a string pointer for descriptor name is also
copied and it becomes stale as soon as it gets de-allocated[2]. Now _CRS is
used as a template for _SRS as ACPI specification suggests if it is usable.
The template from _PRS is still utilized but only when _CRS is not available
or broken. To avoid use-after-free the problem in this case, however, only
mandatory fields are copied, optional data is removed, and structure length
is adjusted accordingly.
Reported by: hps[1]
Analyzed by: avg[2]
Tested by: hps
useful counters like rl_missed_pkts is 16 bits quantity which is
too small to hold meaningful information happened in a second. This
means driver should frequently read these counters in order not to
lose accuracy and that approach is too inefficient in driver's
view. Moreover it seems there is no way to trigger an interrupt to
detect counter near-full or wraparound event as well as lacking
clearing the MAC counters. Another limitation of reading the
counters from RealTek controllers is lack of interrupt firing at
the end of DMA cycle of MAC counter read request such that driver
have to poll the end of the DMA which is a time consuming process
as well as inefficient. The more severe issue of the MAC counter
read request is it takes too long to complete the DMA. All these
limitation made maintaining MAC counters in driver impractical. For
now, just provide simple sysctl interface to trigger reading the
MAC counters. These counters could be used to track down driver
issues. Users can read MAC counters maintained in controller with
the following command.
#sysctl dev.re.0.stats=1
While I'm here add check for validity of dma map and allocated
memory before unloading/freeing them.
Tested by: rmacklem
information through devd. My E220 now produces the notification (1 line):
+u3g0 at bus=1 hubaddr=1 port=0 devaddr=2 interface=0 \
vendor=0x12d1 product=0x1003 devclass=0x00 devsubclass=0x00 \
sernum="" release=0x0000 intclass=0xff intsubclass=0xff \
ttyname=U0 ttyports=2 on uhub0
Note: serial/ufoma and net/uhso still provide port number and tty name
(uhso only) information through sysctls, which should now be removed.
Reviewed by: hpselasky
work properly with single-stepping in a kernel debugger. Specifically,
these routines have always disabled interrupts before increasing the nesting
count and restored the prior state of interrupts after decreasing the nesting
count to avoid problems with a nested interrupt not disabling interrupts
when acquiring a spin lock. However, trap interrupts for single-stepping
can still occur even when interrupts are disabled. Now the saved state of
interrupts is not saved in the thread until after interrupts have been
disabled and the nesting count has been increased. Similarly, the saved
state from the thread cannot be read once the nesting count has been
decreased to zero. To fix this, use temporary variables to store interrupt
state and shuffle it between the thread's MD area and the appropriate
registers.
In cooperation with: bde
MFC after: 1 month
- Fix the loop count on detach (causing a panic on detaching a serial
dongle).
- Increase a buffer in case some driver want extra long tty device names
(postfixing the purpose of the tty for example, e.g. u3g.ppp).
notification. devd would stop evaluating at 'at' (not '<k>=<v>') and
hence prevent 'port=X' (and 'bus=<"on" string>) from making it into the
environment for the devd action.
Reviewed by: hselasky
MFC after: 2 weeks
It seems the terminfo library on some systems (OS X, Linux) may emit the
sequence \e[x to reset to default attributes. Apart from using the
zero-command, this escape sequence allows many more operations, such as
setting ANSI colors. I don't see this used anywhere, so this should be
sufficient for now.
This deficiency was spotted by the Debian GNU/kFreeBSD. They have their
own patch, which is slightly flawed in my opinion. I don't know why they
never reported this issue to us.
MFC after: 1 week
zones whose objects are larger than a page to use startup_alloc(). This
allows allocation of zone objects during early boot on machines with a large
number of CPUs since the resulting zone objects are larger than a page.
Submitted by: trema
Reviewed by: attilio
MFC after: 1 week
This could lead to a division by zero if hardware is multi-core and/or
multi-threaded, but for some (quite unusual) reason FreeBSD sees only
one logical processor. This could happen, for example, if neither MADT
nor MP Table are presented by BIOS.
Also:
- assert in topo_probe_0x4 that BSP is accounted for
- neither cpu_cores nor cpu_logical should be zero after successful
probing, so either being zero is an indication of failed probing
Reported by: vwe, Dan Allen <danallen46@airwired.net>
Tested by: Dan Allen <danallen46@airwired.net>
MFC after: 3 days
- hw.usb.ucom.cons_unit is now split into
hw.usb.ucom.cons_unit/...cons_subunit.
Note: The tunable/sysctl hw.usb.ucom.cons_unit needs to be reviewed if
a) a console was defined a USB serial devices, and a USB device with
more than 1 subunit is present, and this device is attached before the
device functioning as a console
or
b) a console was defined on a USB device with more than 1 subunit
Reviewed by: hps
MFC after: 2 weeks
only, and should be protected with an ifdef, and the no-execute bit in
32-bit set_user_sr() should be set before the comparison, not after, or
it will never match.
of the EV_DONE flag and use the mutex to protect against losing wakeups
in g_waitfor_event().
Reported by: davidxu
Tested by: davidxu
Discussed on: freebsd-current
set_user_sr() itself caches the user segment VSID, there is no need for
cpu_switch() to do it again. This change also unifies the 32 and 64-bit
code paths for kernel faults on user pages and remaps the user SLB slot
on 64-bit systems when taking a syscall to avoid some unnecessary segment
exception traps.
a shorter message (userland generally only sees the first 6 to 8
characters) when waiting for the allproc lock. Use "-" when idle to math
the behavior of other kthreads.
Reviewed by: attilio
MFC after: 1 week
- Use > 2^32 - 1 instead of >= when checking for memory regions above 4G.
- Skip SMAP entries > 4G on i386 rather than breaking out of the loop
since SMAP entries are not guaranteed to be in order.
- Remove 'i' and loop over 'rid' directly in the dump_avail[] case.
- Only check for 4G regions in the dump_avail[] case on i386 if PAE is
enabled since vm_paddr_t is 32-bit in the !PAE case.
Submitted by: alc
to amd64, i386, and pc98. The headers are installed to /usr/include/x86
during an installworld, and an 'x86' symlink is created for kernel builds
similar to 'machine' so that the headers can be included as <x86/foo.h>.
Reviewed by: imp
about but otherwise ignored. When allowing the master to be set manually via
ifconfig(8) by adding the former to IFM_SUBTYPE_ETHERNET_OPTION_DESCRIPTIONS
(as it should be) it seems to be unfavorable that a machine can be made to
panic with a simple ifconfig(8) invocation.
concurrency bug. Since all SLB/SR entries were invalidated during an
exception, a decrementer exception could cause the user segment to be
invalidated during a copyin()/copyout() without a thread switch that
would cause it to be restored from the PCB, potentially causing the
operation to continue on invalid memory. This is now handled by explicit
restoration of segment 12 from the PCB on 32-bit systems and a check in
the Data Segment Exception handler on 64-bit.
While here, cause copyin()/copyout() to check whether the requested
user segment is already installed, saving some pipeline flushes, and
fix the synchronization primitives around the mtsr and slbmte
instructions to prevent accessing stale segments.
MFC after: 2 weeks
feature_present(3) checks.
This will help to run-time detect and conditionally handle specific
optionas of either feature in user space (i.e. in libipsec).
Descriptions read by: rwatson
MFC after: 2 weeks
not able to trigger the issue with sample boards, some users seems
to suffer from freeze/lockup when system is booted without UTP cable
plugged in. I'm not sure whether this is BIOS issue or controller
bug. This change fixes AR8132 lockup issue seen on EEE PC.
Reported by: kmoore
Tested by: kmoore
need locking as otherwise we may race against the other parts of the
MD code which expects a consistent state of these. While at it move
the resetting of the pmap before entering it in the TSB.
- Spell a 0 as TLB_CTX_KERNEL.
was incorrect as further down the road cons_probe() calls malloc() so the
former can't be called before init_heap() has succeed. Instead just exit
to the firmware in case init_heap() fails like OF_init() does when hitting
a problem as we're then likely running in a very broken environment where
hardly anything can be trusted to work.
- Rename RES_BUS_SPACE_* into BUS_SPACE_* for consistency
- Trim out an unnecessary checking condition
Sponsored by: Sandvine Incorporated
Requested and reviewed by: jhb
NFSv4 client, since the call in ncl_inactive() might be missed
because VOP_INACTIVE() is not guaranteed to be called before
VOP_RECLAIM().
MFC after: 1 week
r198301 itself. It also broke the logic of not sending more than one
ARP request per second, that consequently lead to a potential problem
of flooding network with broadcast packets.
MFC after: 1 week
OF loader on systems where address cells and size cells are both 2 (the
Mambo simulator) and fix an error where cons_probe() was called before
init_heap() but used malloc() to set environment variables.
MFC after: 1 month
when routing interrupts instead of cpu_apic_ids[0] since cpu_apic_ids[]
is only populated for multiple-CPU machines. This also matches what the
code does when SMP is not enabled.
PR: bin/151616
Tested by: "Damian S. Kolodziejczyk" damkol | gmail
Submitted by: avg
MFC after: 1 week
In xbb_detach() only perform cleanup of our taskqueue and
device statistics structures if they have been initialized.
This avoids a panic when xbb_detach() is called on a partially
initialized device instance, due to an early failure in
attach.
Sponsored by: Spectra Logic Corporation
ip and tcp pointers were not reset after some
pullups. In practice this led to an NFS mount
failure when using UDP reported by Kevin Lo,
thanks Kevin. Fix from yongari, thank you!
the dual port BCM5717 and BCM5718 devices which are intended for
mainstream workstation and entry-level server designs and
represents the twelfth generation of NetXtreme Ethernet controllers.
This family is the successor to the BCM5714/BCM5715 family and
supports IPv4/IPv6 checksum offloading, TSO, VLAN hardware tagging,
jumbo frames, MSI/MSIX, IOV, RSS and TSS.
This change set supports all hardware features except IOV and
RSS/TSS. Unlike its predecessors, only extended RX buffer
descriptors can be posted to the jumbo producer ring. Single RX
buffer descriptors for jumbo frame are not supported. RSS requires
a more substantial set of changes and will apply to a larger set
of NetXtreme devices so RSS/TSS multi-queue support will be
implemented in a future releases.
Special thanks to Broadcom who kindly sent a sample board to me
and to davidch who gave provided the initial support code.
Submitted by: davidch (initial version)
HW donated by: Broadcom
physical page mapping should span two or more MTRRs of different types.
Add a pmap function, pmap_demote_DMAP(), by which the MTRR module can
ensure that the direct map region doesn't have such a mapping.
[2] Fix a couple of nearby style errors in amd64_mrset().
[3] Re-enable the use of 1GB page mappings for implementing the direct
map. (See also r197580 and r213897.)
Tested by: kib@ on a Westmere-family processor [3]
MFC after: 3 weeks
delegations are being returned for reasons other than a Recall.
Also, re-organize nfscl_recalldeleg() slightly, so that it leaves
clearing NMODIFIED to the ncl_flush() call and invalidates the
attribute cache after flushing. It is hoped that these changes
might fix the problem others have seen when using the NFSv4
client with delegations enabled, since I can't reliably reproduce
the problem. These changes only affect the client when doing NFSv4
mounts with delegations enabled.
MFC after: 10 days
'hw.acpi.remove_interface'. hw.acpi.install_interface lets you install new
interfaces. Conversely, hw.acpi.remove_interface lets you remove OS
interfaces from the pre-defined list in ACPICA. For example,
hw.acpi.install_interface="FreeBSD"
lets _OSI("FreeBSD") method to return 0xffffffff (or success) and
hw.acpi.remove_interface="Windows 2009"
lets _OSI("Windows 2009") method to return zero (or failure). Both are
comma-separated lists and leading white spaces are ignored. For example,
the following examples are valid:
hw.acpi.install_interface="Linux, FreeBSD"
hw.acpi.remove_interface="Windows 2006, Windows 2006.1"
OpenSolaris onnv-revision: 10209:91f47f0e7728
6830541 zfs_get_data_trips on a verify
6696242 multiple zfs_fillpage() zfs: accessing past end of object panics
6785914 zfs fails to drop dn_struct_rwlock in recovery code path
Approved by: delphij (mentor)
Obtained from: OpenSolaris (Bug ID 6830541, 6696242, 6785914)
MFC after: 2 weeks
- Chasin down bogus watchdogs has led to an improved
design to this handling, the hang decision takes
place in the tx cleanup, with only a simple report
check in local_timer. Our tests have shown no false
watchdogs with this code.
- VLAN fixes from jhb, the shadow vfta should be per
interface, but as global it was not. Thanks John.
- Bug fixes in the support for new PCH2 hardware.
- Thanks for all the help and feedback on the driver,
changes to lem with be coming shortly as well.
autotuned. It is only an upper bound (the memory is not always allocated)
and the system contains a vm_lowmem handler so nothing will crash and burn
if it's tuned too high.
Reviewed by: mckusick
introduce function pointers once set up to the respective implementation
for reading the (S)TICK and writing the (S)STICK_COMPARE registers as a
compromise between duplicating code and selecting between different
implementations during execution over and over again, similar to what is
done elsewhere in the MD in order to support different CPU models that
won't ever change at runtime.
- In the remaining tick interrupt handler further push down disabling of
interrupts to the periodic case as it isn't necessary here in one-shot
mode at all.
This was needed for recover implementation.
Implement the recover command for GPT. Now GPT will marked as
corrupt when any of three types of corruption will be detected:
1. Damaged primary GPT header or table
2. Damaged secondary GPT header or table
3. Secondary header is not located in the last LBA
Marked GPT becomes read-only. Any changes with corrupt table
are prohibited. Only "destroy" and "recover" commands are allowed.
Discussed with: geom@ (mostly silence)
Tested by: Ilya A. Arhipov
Approved by: mav (mentor)
MFC after: 2 weeks
within the first 4 bytes of the EHCI memory space. For controllers that
use big-endian MMIO, reading them with 1- and 2-byte reads would then
return the wrong values. Instead, read the combined register with a 4-byte
read and mask out the interesting quantities.
enhancements (1). Switch to a standard 2-clause BSD license for this (2).
Unfortunately we have to un-static the ifindex_table for this but do not
publicly export it.
Suggested by: rwatson (1) a while back.
Approved by: thompsa (2) for the change from r204279.
MFC after: 6 days
VLAN hardware tagging to make TSO work over VLAN. So if VLAN
hardware tagging is disabled explicitly clear TSO over VLAN. While
I'm here allow disabling VLAN TX checksum offloading.
Tested by: Liudas < liudasb <> centras dot lt >
MFC after: 10 days
existing code caused problems with some SCSI controllers.
A new sysctl kern.cam.ada.spindown_shutdown has been added that controls
whether or not to spin-down disks when shutting down.
Spinning down the disks unloads/parks the heads - this is
much better than removing power when the disk is still
spinning because otherwise an Emergency Unload occurs which may cause damage
to the actuator.
PR: kern/140752
Submitted by: olli
Reviewed by: arundel
Discussed with: mav
MFC after: 2 weeks
converted to use the mii_phy_add_media()/mii_phy_setmedia() pair instead
of mii_add_media()/mii_anar() remove the latter.
- Declare mii_media mii_media_table static as it shouldn't be used outside
of mii_physubr.c.
MFC after: never
interface also has such connectors.
- In tl_attach() unify three different ways of obtaining the device and
vendor IDs and remove the now obsolete tl_dinfo from tl_softc.
- Given that tlphy(4) only handles the integrated PHYs of NICs driven by
tl(4) make it only probe on the latter.
- Switch mlphy(4) and tlphy(4) to use mii_phy_add_media()/mii_phy_setmedia().
- Simplify looking for the respective companion PHY in mlphy(4) and tlphy(4)
by ignoring the native one by just comparing the device_t's directly rather
than the device name.
- Use mii_phy_add_media() instead of mii_add_media(). I'm not sure how
this driver actually managed to work before as mii_add_media() is
intended to be used to gether with mii_anar() while mii_phy_add_media()
is intended to be used with mii_phy_setmedia(), however this driver
mii_add_media() along with mii_phy_setmedia().
to use the generic hash32_buf() function. Although adding the
bytes seemed sufficient for UFS and ZFS, since most of the bytes
are the same for file handles on the same volume, this might not
be sufficient for other file systems. Use of a generic function
also seems preferable to one specific to NFSv4.
Suggested by: gleb.kurtsou at gmail.com
MFC after: 10 days
to BCM6906 A0/A2. This should fix a long standing BCM5906 A2 lockup
issues. Data sheet explicitly mentions BCM5906 A0, A1 and A2 use
de-pipelined mode on these revisions.
Special thanks to Buganini who tried all combinations of
experimental patches for more than 10 days.
Tested by: Buganini <buganini <> gmail dot com >
legacy and IPv6 route destination address.
Previously in case of IPv6, there was a memory overwrite due to not enough
space for the IPv6 address.
PR: kern/122565
MFC After: 2 weeks
the association notification), the included information though always
contains an elem block with an odd number of bytes. We handle the last
byte as if it might contain a whole elem block, this of course is not
true as one byte is not enough to hold a block, we therefore discard the
complete frame. The solution here is to subtract one from the actual
notification length, this is also what the Linux driver does. With this
change the frames ends exactly where the last elem block ends.
This commit also reverts r214160 which is no longer required and now even
wrong.
MFC after: 1 week
information that device is already suspended or that device is using
one-time key and suspend is not supported.
- 'geli suspend -a' silently skips devices that use one-time key, this is fine,
but because we log which device were suspended on the console, log also which
devices were skipped.
server so that it will work better for non-UFS file systems.
The new function simply sums the bytes of the fh_fid field
of fhandle_t.
MFC after: 10 days
auto-negotiation results in half-duplex operation, excess collision
on the ethernet link may cause internal chip delays that may result
in subsequent valid frames being dropped due to insufficient
receive buffer resources. The workaround is to choose de-pipeline
method as a flow control decision for SDI. De-pipeline method
allows only 1 data in TxMbuf at a time such that a request to RDMA
from SDI is made only when TxMbuf is empty. Thanks for david for
providing detailed errata information.
PCI-express or PCI-X capabilities if we are running in a virtual machine.
- Whitelist the Intel 82440 chipset used by QEMU.
Tested by: jfv
MFC after: 1 week
MOD_UNLOAD. This makes it possible to add custom hooks for other module
events.
Return EOPNOTSUPP when there is no callback available.
Pointed out by: jhb
Reviewed by: jhb
MFC after: 1 month
break the loop instead. We want to run the code after the while loop
to set an associd and capinfo. If we don't do this net80211 will drop
frames because it assumes the node has not yet been associated.
MFC after: 1 week
may be left. This fixes a memory leak that can occur when tracing is
disabled on a process via disabling tracing of a specific file (or if
an I/O error occurs with the tracefile) if the process's next system
call is exit(). The trace disabling code clears p_traceflag, so exit1()
doesn't do any KTRACE-related cleanup leading to the leak. I chose to
make the free'ing of pending records synchronous rather than patching
exit1().
- Move KTRACE-specific logic out of kern_(exec|exit|fork).c and into
kern_ktrace.c instead. Make ktrace_mtx private to kern_ktrace.c as a
result.
MFC after: 1 month
r214049 for the regular NFS server, so that it will not do
a VOP_LOOKUP() of ".." when at the root of a file system
when performing a ReaddirPlus RPC.
MFC after: 10 days
ignore BARs that are invalid due to having a size of zero, not to ignore
BARs with an existing base of zero. While here, reorganize the code
slightly to make the intent clearer.
Reported by: avg
MFC after: 1 week
its value as a loop invariant. Currently this is a no-op because
'atomic_cmpset_int()' clobbers all memory on current architectures.
- Use atomic_fetchadd_int() instead of an atomic_cmpset_int() loop to drop
a reference in vmspace_free().
Reviewed by: alc
MFC after: 1 month
- move all the chunks into one file, which allows to hide SIOCGIFCONF32
global definition as well.
- replace __amd64__ with proper COMPAT_FREEBSD32 around.
- handle 32bit capacity before going into the handler itself instead of
doing internal 32bit specific changes within it (e.g. as it's done for
SIOCGDEFIFACE32_IN6).
- use explicitely sized types for ABI compat.
Approved by: kib (mentor)
MFC after: 2 weeks
Specification Rev. 1.2. Rename pp_pcmcsr field of PM capabilities to pp_bse
to avoid further confusions and adjust some comments accordingly. The real
PMCSR (Power Management Control/Status Register) is PCIR_POWER_STATUS and
it is actually BSE (PCI-to-PCI Bridge Support Extensions) register.
