This is similar to the Solaris utility of the same name.
Some use cases:
* rc.subr's wait_for_pids
* interactive use, e.g. to shut down the computer when some task is done
even if the task is already running
Discussed on: hackers@
This seems more useful and will likely be in the next POSIX standard.
Also document more precisely in the man page what set -u does (note that
$@, $* and $! are the only special parameters that can ever be unset, all
the others are always set, although they may be empty).
the line number where the command substitution started.
This applies to both the $() and `` forms but is most useful for ``
because the other line number is relative to the enclosed text there.
(For older versions, -v can be used as a workaround.)
According to the man page, when neither -H/-L nor -F/-d/-l are given, -H is
implied. This agrees with POSIX, GNU ls and Solaris ls. This means that -p,
although it is very similar to -F, does not prevent the implicit following
of symlinks.
PR: standards/128546
This also fixes that trying to execute a non-regular file with a command
name without '/' returns 127 instead of 126.
The fix is rather simplistic: treat CMDUNKNOWN as if the command were found
as an external program. The resulting fork is a bit wasteful but executing
unknown commands should not be very frequent.
PR: bin/137659
Due to the amount of code removed by this, it seems that allowing unmatched
quotes was a deliberate imitation of System V sh and real ksh. Most other
shells do not allow unmatched quotes (e.g. bash, zsh, pdksh, NetBSD /bin/sh,
dash).
PR: bin/137657
I do not consider this a bug because POSIX permits it and argument strings
and environment variables cannot contain '\0' anyway.
PR: bin/25542
MFC after: 2 weeks
Note that this changes error reporting behaviour somewhat - before,
no error was reported if ACL couldn't be copied because the target
filesystem doesn't support ACLs. Now, it will be reported - of course,
only if there actually is an ACL to copy.
Reviewed by: rwatson
- Keep variables sorted
- Fix logic error with -f and -v options - don't print
the usual -v output if there was an error, whether or not
we were passed -f
- Don't call free(3) just before exit(2)
- Whitespace fixes
Submitted by: bde
Empty pairs of braces are represented by a NULL node pointer, just like
empty lines at the top level.
Support for empty pairs of braces may be removed later. They make the code
more complex, have inconsistent behaviour (may or may not change $?), are
not specified by POSIX and are not allowed by some other shells like bash,
dash and ksh93.
Reported by: kan
Add a reference count to function definitions.
Memory may leak if multiple SIGINTs arrive in interactive mode,
this will be fixed later by changing SIGINT handling.
PR: bin/137640
This implements the POSIX.1-2008 -L and -P flags.
The default remains to create hard links to the target of symlinks.
Approved by: re (kib), ed (mentor)
is identical to the mode computed from that ACL will modify the ACL.
For example, mode computed from the following ACL is 0600:
user:kamila:rwx--------C--:------:allow
owner@:--x-----------:------:deny
owner@:rw-p---A-W-Co-:------:allow
group@:rwxp----------:------:deny
group@:--------------:------:allow
everyone@:rwxp---A-W-Co-:------:deny
everyone@:------a-R-c--s:------:allow
However, applying that mode (chmod 0600) changes the ACL into this:
user:kamila:rwx-----------:------:deny
user:kamila:rwx--------C--:------:allow
owner@:--x-----------:------:deny
owner@:rw-p---A-W-Co-:------:allow
group@:rwxp----------:------:deny
group@:--------------:------:allow
everyone@:rwxp---A-W-Co-:------:deny
everyone@:------a-R-c--s:------:allow
In chmod(1) utility, there is an optimisation, which makes it not
call chmod(2) if the mode of the file is the same as the new mode.
Disable that optimisation for files which may have NFSv4 ACLs.
Reviewed by: rwatson
Approved by: re (kib)
in particular "$@"$ifschar if the final positional parameter is empty.
With the NetBSD code, adding the $ifschar removes a parameter.
PR: standards/79067
Approved by: ed (mentor) (implicit)
(EV_EXIT). The fork is still done as normal if any traps are active.
In many cases, the fork can be avoided even without this change by using {}
instead of (), but in practice many scripts use (), likely because the
syntax is simpler.
Example:
sh -c '(/bin/sleep 10)& sleep 1;ps -p $! -o comm='
Now prints "sleep" instead of "sh". $! is more useful this way.
Most shells (dash, bash, pdksh, ksh93, zsh) seem to print "sleep" for this.
Example:
sh -c '( ( ( (ps jT))))'
Now shows no waiting shell processes instead of four.
Most shells (dash, bash, pdksh, ksh93, zsh) seem to show zero or one.
PR: bin/74404
Approved by: ed (mentor) (implicit)
- update for getrlimit(2) manpage;
- support for setting RLIMIT_SWAP in login class;
- addition to the limits(1) and sh and csh limit-setting builtins;
- tuning(7) documentation on the sysctls controlling overcommit.
In collaboration with: pho
Reviewed by: alc
Approved by: re (kensmith)
- remove ineffective and unnecessary (void) &var; [1]
- remove some unnecessary volatile keywords
- add a necessary volatile keyword
- save the old handler before doing something that could use the saved
value
Submitted by: Christoph Mallon [1]
Approved by: ed (mentor)
Formerly, it was possible for the file to be created between the check if it
existed and the open; the contents would then be lost.
Because this must use O_EXCL, noclobber > will not create a file through a
symlink anymore. This agrees with behaviour of other shells.
Approved by: ed (mentor) (implicit)
Output quoted suitable for re-input to the shell occurs in
various cases such as 'set', 'trap'.
Bugfix: *, ? and [ must be quoted (except sole [)
Bugfix: ~ and # must be quoted (really only sometimes, but keep it simple)
Bugfix: space, tab and newline must always be quoted
Shortening: other IFS characters do not need quoting
Bugfix: send to correct output file, not hard-coded stdout
Shortening: avoid unnecessary '' with \'
Approved by: ed (mentor)
For parsing an old-style backquote substitution (`...`),
a string "file" is used to store the contents of the
substitution (with the special backslash processing done).
If an error occurs, the shell cleans up all these files
(returning to the top level) and flush the top level
file. Erroneously, it first flushed the current file and
then cleaned up all extra files, so that the top level
file (i.e. the terminal) was not flushed.
Example (in interactive mode):
echo `for` echo This should not be printed
Also noticeable in (in interactive mode):
echo `(`
The old version prints an extraneous prompt.
Approved by: ed (mentor)
This change only affects strings passed to -c, when the -s
option is not used.
The approach is to check if there may be additional data
in the string after parsing each command. If there is none,
use the EV_EXIT flag so that a fork may be omitted in
specific cases.
If there are empty lines after the command, the check will
not see the end and forks will not be omitted. The same
thing seems to happen in bash.
Example:
sh -c 'ps lT'
No longer shows a shell process waiting for ps to finish.
PR: bin/113860
Reviewed by: stefanf
Approved by: ed (mentor)
Example:
sh -c '(trap "echo trapped" EXIT; sleep 3)'
now correctly prints "trapped".
With this check, it is no longer necessary to check for -T
explicitly in that case.
This is a useful bugfix by itself and also important because I plan to
skip forking more often.
PR: bin/113860 (part of)
PR: bin/74404 (part of)
Reviewed by: stefanf
Approved by: ed (mentor)
The exit status may exceed 255 in some cases (return); even though it seems
unwise to rely on this, it is also unwise to assume that $? is always
between 0 and 255.
This resolves bin/124748 by documenting that 'exit -1' is not valid.
PR: bin/124748
Approved by: ed (mentor)
Base 10 is always used for the inode counts as I could not think of any
reason base 2 inode counts would be useful.
Minor mdoc markup fix to df(1) while here anyway.
MFC after: 3 weeks
character.
This avoids using non-standard behaviour of the old (upto FreeBSD 7) TTY
layer: it reprocesses the input queue when switching to canonical mode. The
new TTY layer does not provide this functionality and so read -t worked
very poorly (first character is not echoed, cannot be backspaced but is
still read).
This also agrees with what most other shells with read -t do.
PR: bin/129566
Reviewed by: stefanf
Approved by: ed (mentor)
