it running under a virtual environment. This also introduces a globally
accessible variable vm_guest that can be used where appropriate in the
kernel to inspect this environment.
To make it easier for the long run, an enum VM_GUEST is also introduced,
which could possibly be factored out in a header somewhere (but the
question is where - vm/vm_param.h? sys/param.h?) so it eventually becomes
a part of the standard KPI. In any case, it's a start.
The purpose of all this isn't to absolutely detect that the OS is running
under a virtual environment (cf. "redpill") but to allow the parts of the
kernel and the userland that care about this particular aspect and can do
something useful depending on it to have a standardised interface. Reducing
kern.hz is one example but there are other things that could be done like
avoiding context switches, not using CPU instructions that are known to be
slow in emulation, possibly different strategies in VM (memory) allocation,
CPU scheduling, etc.
It isn't clear if the JAILS/VIMAGE functionality should also be exposed
by this particular mechanism (probably not since they're not "full"
virtual hardware environments). Sometime in the future another sysctl and
a variable could be introduced to reflect if the kernel supports any kind
of virtual hosting (e.g. VMWare VMI, Xen dom0).
Reviewed by: silence from src-commiters@, virtualization@, kmacy@
Approved by: gnn (mentor)
Security: Obscurity doesn't help.
- threadA runs vfs_rel(mp1)
- threadB does unmount the mp1 fs, sets MNTK_UNMOUNT and drop MNT_ILOCK()
- threadA runs vfs_busy(mp1) and, as long as, MNTK_UNMOUNT is set, sleeps
waiting for threadB to complete the unmount
- threadB, in vfs_mount_destroy(), finds mnt_lock > 0 and sleeps waiting
for the refcount to expire.
Fix the deadlock by adding a flag called MNTK_REFEXPIRE which signals the
unmounter is waiting for mnt_ref to expire.
The vfs_busy contenders got awake, fails, and if they retry the
MNTK_REFEXPIRE won't allow them to sleep again.
2) Simplify significantly the code of vfs_mount_destroy() trimming
unnecessary codes:
- as long as any reference exited, it is no-more possible to have
write-op (primarty and secondary) in progress.
- it is no needed to drop and reacquire the mount lock.
- filling the structures with dummy values is unuseful as long as
it is going to be freed.
Tested by: pho, Andrea Barberio <insomniac at slackware dot it>
Discussed with: kib
On HyperThreading CPUs logical cores have same frequency, so setting it
on any core will change the other's one. In most cases first request
to the second core will be the "set" request, done after setting frequency
of the first core. In such case second CPU will obtain throttled frequency
of the first core as it's max_mhz making cpufreq broken due to different
frequency sets.
time it is marked for user space callchain capture in the NMI
handler and the time the callchain capture callback runs.
- Improve code and control flow clarity by invoking hwpmc(4)'s user
space callchain capture callback directly from low-level code.
Reviewed by: jhb (kern/subr_trap.c)
Testing (various patch revisions): gnn,
Fabien Thomas <fabien dot thomas at netasq dot com>,
Artem Belevich <artemb at gmail dot com>
All ioctl()'s that aren't implemented by pts(4) are forwarded to the TTY
itself. Unfortunately this is not correct for FIONREAD, because it will
give the wrong amount of bytes that are available to read.
Tested by: keramida
Reminded by: keramida
error is not EAGAIN. Several sysctls that inspect another process use
p_candebug() for checking access right for the curproc. p_candebug()
returns EAGAIN for some reasons, in particular, for the process doing
exec() now. If execing process tries to lock Giant, we get a livelock,
because sysctl handlers are covered by Giant, and often do not sleep.
Break the livelock by dropping Giant and allowing other threads to
execute in the EAGAIN loop.
Also, do not return EAGAIN from p_candebug() when process is executing,
use more appropriate EBUSY error [1].
Reported and tested by: pho
Suggested by: rwatson [1]
Reviewed by: rwatson, des
MFC after: 1 week
on a best-effort basis. Teach vn_fullpath to use this new VOP if a
regular VFS cache lookup fails. This VOP is designed to supplement the
VFS cache to provide a better chance that a vnode-to-name lookup will
succeed.
Currently, an implementation for devfs is being committed. The default
implementation is to return ENOENT.
A big thanks to kib for the mentorship on this, and to pho for running it
through his stress test suite.
Reviewed by: arch
Approved by: kib
One thing I didn't expect many applications to use, was kqueue() on
pseudo-terminal master devices. There are applications that use kqueue()
on the TTY itself (rtorrent, etc). That doesn't mean we shouldn't
implement this. Libraries like libevent use kqueue() by default, which
means they wouldn't be able to use kqueue().
The old TTY layer implements a very broken version of kqueue() by
performing the actual polling on the TTY device.
Discussed with: peter
outside the prison_states array.
When checking if there is a name configured for the prison, check the
first character to not be '\0' instead of checking if the char array
is present, which it always is. Note, that this is different for the
*jailname in the syscall.
Found with: Coverity Prevent(tm)
CID: 4156, 4155
MFC after: 4 weeks (just that I get the mail)
container structures, depending on VIMAGE_GLOBALS compile time option.
Make VIMAGE_GLOBALS a new compile-time option, which by default will not
be defined, resulting in instatiations of global variables selected for
V_irtualization (enclosed in #ifdef VIMAGE_GLOBALS blocks) to be
effectively compiled out. Instantiate new global container structures
to hold V_irtualized variables: vnet_net_0, vnet_inet_0, vnet_inet6_0,
vnet_ipsec_0, vnet_netgraph_0, and vnet_gif_0.
Update the VSYM() macro so that depending on VIMAGE_GLOBALS the V_
macros resolve either to the original globals, or to fields inside
container structures, i.e. effectively
#ifdef VIMAGE_GLOBALS
#define V_rt_tables rt_tables
#else
#define V_rt_tables vnet_net_0._rt_tables
#endif
Update SYSCTL_V_*() macros to operate either on globals or on fields
inside container structs.
Extend the internal kldsym() lookups with the ability to resolve
selected fields inside the virtualization container structs. This
applies only to the fields which are explicitly registered for kldsym()
visibility via VNET_MOD_DECLARE() and vnet_mod_register(), currently
this is done only in sys/net/if.c.
Fix a few broken instances of MODULE_GLOBAL() macro use in SCTP code,
and modify the MODULE_GLOBAL() macro to resolve to V_ macros, which in
turn result in proper code being generated depending on VIMAGE_GLOBALS.
De-virtualize local static variables in sys/contrib/pf/net/pf_subr.c
which were prematurely V_irtualized by automated V_ prepending scripts
during earlier merging steps. PF virtualization will be done
separately, most probably after next PF import.
Convert a few variable initializations at instantiation to
initialization in init functions, most notably in ipfw. Also convert
TUNABLE_INT() initializers for V_ variables to TUNABLE_FETCH_INT() in
initializer functions.
Discussed at: devsummit Strassburg
Reviewed by: bz, julian
Approved by: julian (mentor)
Obtained from: //depot/projects/vimage-commit2/...
X-MFC after: never
Sponsored by: NLnet Foundation, The FreeBSD Foundation
by running the tunable_mbinit() SYSINIT at SI_ORDER_MIDDLE
before the init_maxsockets() SYSINT at SI_ORDER_ANY.
Reviewed by: rwatson, zec
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
MFC after: 4 weeks
The /dev/console device node logs all strings that are written to it.
When the string does not contain a trailing newline, it appends one. I
can imagine this was useful a long time ago, but with our current
rc-scripts, it generates a whole bunch of messages that look like:
| Configuring syscons:
| blanktime
| .
By not appending the newlines, the output of `dmesg -a' is now (almost?)
exactly the same as what the user will see on the console device
(syscons, uart).
aio code and are registered via the recently added SYSCALL32_*() helpers.
- Since the aio code likes to invoke fuword and suword a lot down in the
"bowels" of system calls, add a structure holding a set of operations for
things like storing errors, copying in the aiocb structure, storing
status, etc. The 32-bit system calls use a separate operations vector to
handle fuword32 vs fuword, etc. Also, the oldsigevent handling is now
done by having seperate operation vectors with different aiocb copyin
routines.
- Split out kern_foo() functions for the various AIO system calls so the
32-bit front ends can manage things like copying in and converting
timespec structures, etc.
- For both the native and 32-bit aio_suspend() and lio_listio() calls,
just use copyin() to read the array of aiocb pointers instead of using
a for loop that iterated over fuword/fuword32. The error handling in
the old case was incomplete (lio_listio() just ignored any aiocb's that
it got an EFAULT trying to read rather than reporting an error), and
possibly slower.
MFC after: 1 month
parent threads sleep on the parent' struct proc until corresponding
child releases the vmspace. Each sleep is interlocked with proc mutex of
the child, that triggers assertion in the sleepq_add(). The assertion
requires that at any time, all simultaneous sleepers for the channel use
the same interlock.
Silent the assertion by using conditional variable allocated in the
child. Broadcast the variable event on exec() and exit().
Since struct proc * sleep wait channel is overloaded for several
unrelated events, I was unable to remove wakeups from the places where
cv_broadcast() is added, except exec().
Reported and tested by: ganbold
Suggested and reviewed by: jhb
MFC after: 2 week
move that module to the head of the associated linker file's list of modules.
The end result is that once all the modules are loaded, they are sorted in
the reverse of their load order. This causes the kernel linker to invoke
the MOD_QUIESCE and MOD_UNLOAD events in the reverse of the order that
MOD_LOAD was invoked. This means that the ordering of MOD_LOAD events that
is set by the SI_* paramters to DECLARE_MODULE() are now honored in the same
order they would be for SYSUNINIT() for the MOD_QUIESCE and MOD_UNLOAD
events.
MFC after: 1 month
unloading any modules. As a result, if any module veto's an unload
request via MOD_QUIESCE, the entire set of modules for that linker
file will remain loaded and active now rather than leaving the kld
in a weird state where some modules are loaded and some are unloaded.
- This also moves the logic for handling the "forced" unload flag out of
kern_module.c and into kern_linker.c which is a bit cleaner.
- Add a module_name() routine that returns the name of a module and use that
instead of printing pointer values in debug messages when a module fails
MOD_QUIESCE or MOD_UNLOAD.
MFC after: 1 month
Close subtle but relatively unlikely race conditions when
propagating the vnode write error to other active sessions
tracing to the same vnode, without holding a reference on
the vnode anymore. [2]
PR: kern/126368 [1]
Submitted by: rwatson [2]
Reviewed by: kib, rwatson
MFC after: 4 weeks
directly include only the header files needed. This reduces the
unneeded spamming of various headers into lots of files.
For now, this leaves us with very few modules including vnet.h
and thus needing to depend on opt_route.h.
Reviewed by: brooks, gnn, des, zec, imp
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
entries for one name. Then, creating inode with that name would remove
one entry, leaving others dormant. Reclaiming the vnode would uncover
negative entries, causing false return of ENOENT from the calls like
stat, that do not create inode.
Prevent creation of the duplicated negative entries.
Reported and debugged with: pho
Reviewed by: jhb
X-MFC: after shared lookup changes
This changes struct kinfo_filedesc and kinfo_vmentry such that they are
same on both 32 and 64 bit platforms like i386/amd64 and won't require
sysctl wrapping.
Two new OIDs are assigned. The old ones are available under
COMPAT_FREEBSD7 - but it isn't that simple. The superceded interface
was never actually released on 7.x.
The other main change is to pack the data passed to userland via the
sysctl. kf_structsize and kve_structsize are reduced for the copyout.
If you have a process with 100,000+ sockets open, the unpacked records
require a 132MB+ copyout. With packing, it is "only" ~35MB. (Still
seriously unpleasant, but not quite as devastating). A similar problem
exists for the vmentry structure - have lots and lots of shared libraries
and small mmaps and its copyout gets expensive too.
My immediate problem is valgrind. It traditionally achieves this
functionality by parsing procfs output, in a packed format. Secondly, when
tracing 32 bit binaries on amd64 under valgrind, it uses a cross compiled
32 bit binary which ran directly into the differing data structures in 32
vs 64 bit mode. (valgrind uses this to track file descriptor operations
and this therefore affected every single 32 bit binary)
I've added two utility functions to libutil to unpack the structures into
a fixed record length and to make it a little more convenient to use.
exact multiple of system page size should still be allowed to be mapped
in their entirety to match the regular vnode backed file behavior.
Reported by: ed
Reviewed by: jhb
1) to get the 32 and 64 bit versions in sync so that no shims are needed,
Valgrind in particular excercises this. and:
2) reduce the size of the copyout. On large processes this turns out to
be a huge problem. Valgrind also suffers from this since it needs to do
this in a context that can't malloc. I want to pack the records.
3) Add new types.. 'tell me about fd N' and 'tell me about addr N'.
Bring in updated jail support from bz_jail branch.
This enhances the current jail implementation to permit multiple
addresses per jail. In addtion to IPv4, IPv6 is supported as well.
Due to updated checks it is even possible to have jails without
an IP address at all, which basically gives one a chroot with
restricted process view, no networking,..
SCTP support was updated and supports IPv6 in jails as well.
Cpuset support permits jails to be bound to specific processor
sets after creation.
Jails can have an unrestricted (no duplicate protection, etc.) name
in addition to the hostname. The jail name cannot be changed from
within a jail and is considered to be used for management purposes
or as audit-token in the future.
DDB 'show jails' command was added to aid debugging.
Proper compat support permits 32bit jail binaries to be used on 64bit
systems to manage jails. Also backward compatibility was preserved where
possible: for jail v1 syscalls, as well as with user space management
utilities.
Both jail as well as prison version were updated for the new features.
A gap was intentionally left as the intermediate versions had been
used by various patches floating around the last years.
Bump __FreeBSD_version for the afore mentioned and in kernel changes.
Special thanks to:
- Pawel Jakub Dawidek (pjd) for his multi-IPv4 patches
and Olivier Houchard (cognet) for initial single-IPv6 patches.
- Jeff Roberson (jeff) and Randall Stewart (rrs) for their
help, ideas and review on cpuset and SCTP support.
- Robert Watson (rwatson) for lots and lots of help, discussions,
suggestions and review of most of the patch at various stages.
- John Baldwin (jhb) for his help.
- Simon L. Nielsen (simon) as early adopter testing changes
on cluster machines as well as all the testers and people
who provided feedback the last months on freebsd-jail and
other channels.
- My employer, CK Software GmbH, for the support so I could work on this.
Reviewed by: (see above)
MFC after: 3 months (this is just so that I get the mail)
X-MFC Before: 7.2-RELEASE if possible
to the fs, but before a vnode on the fs is locked, unmount may free fs
structures, causing access to destroyed data and freed memory.
Introduce a vfs_busymp() function that looks up and busies found
fs while mountlist_mtx is held. Use it in nfsrv_fhtovp() and in the
implementation of the handle syscalls.
Two other uses of the vfs_getvfs() in the vfs_subr.c, namely in
sysctl_vfs_ctl and vfs_getnewfsid seems to be ok. In particular,
sysctl_vfs_ctl is protected by Giant by being a non-sleeping sysctl
handler, that prevents Giant-locked unmount code to interfere with it.
Noted by: tegge
Reviewed by: dfr
Tested by: pho
MFC after: 1 month
- Print flags in hex.
- Note that flags can be fine and panic can be due unexpected error condition.
- Remove redundant new line character.
Eventhough panic message excess 80 characters keep it in one line so it is
easier to grep.
The mqfs_search() routine uses strncmp() to match message queue objects
by name. This is because it can be called from environments where the
file name is not null terminated (the VFS for example).
Unfortunately it doesn't compare the lengths of the message queue names,
which means if a system has "Queue12345", the name "Queue" will also
match.
I noticed this when a student of mine handed in an exercise using
message queues with names "Queue2" and "Queue".
Reviewed by: rink
