/* * Copyright (c) 1988 University of Utah. * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer * Science Department. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by the University of * California, Berkeley and its contributors. * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. * * from: Utah $Hdr: vm_mmap.c 1.6 91/10/21$ * * @(#)vm_mmap.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 1/12/94 * $Id: vm_mmap.c,v 1.66 1997/08/25 22:15:25 bde Exp $ */ /* * Mapped file (mmap) interface to VM */ #include "opt_rlimit.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct sbrk_args { int incr; }; #endif /* ARGSUSED */ int sbrk(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct sbrk_args *uap; int *retval; { /* Not yet implemented */ return (EOPNOTSUPP); } #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct sstk_args { int incr; }; #endif /* ARGSUSED */ int sstk(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct sstk_args *uap; int *retval; { /* Not yet implemented */ return (EOPNOTSUPP); } #if defined(COMPAT_43) || defined(COMPAT_SUNOS) #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct getpagesize_args { int dummy; }; #endif /* ARGSUSED */ int ogetpagesize(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct getpagesize_args *uap; int *retval; { *retval = PAGE_SIZE; return (0); } #endif /* COMPAT_43 || COMPAT_SUNOS */ /* * Memory Map (mmap) system call. Note that the file offset * and address are allowed to be NOT page aligned, though if * the MAP_FIXED flag it set, both must have the same remainder * modulo the PAGE_SIZE (POSIX 1003.1b). If the address is not * page-aligned, the actual mapping starts at trunc_page(addr) * and the return value is adjusted up by the page offset. */ #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct mmap_args { caddr_t addr; size_t len; int prot; int flags; int fd; long pad; off_t pos; }; #endif int mmap(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; register struct mmap_args *uap; int *retval; { register struct filedesc *fdp = p->p_fd; register struct file *fp; struct vnode *vp; vm_offset_t addr; vm_size_t size, pageoff; vm_prot_t prot, maxprot; caddr_t handle; int flags, error; off_t pos; addr = (vm_offset_t) uap->addr; size = uap->len; prot = uap->prot & VM_PROT_ALL; flags = uap->flags; pos = uap->pos; /* make sure mapping fits into numeric range etc */ if ((pos + size > (vm_offset_t)-PAGE_SIZE) || (ssize_t) uap->len < 0 || ((flags & MAP_ANON) && uap->fd != -1)) return (EINVAL); /* * Align the file position to a page boundary, * and save its page offset component. */ pageoff = (pos & PAGE_MASK); pos -= pageoff; /* Adjust size for rounding (on both ends). */ size += pageoff; /* low end... */ size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size); /* hi end */ /* * Check for illegal addresses. Watch out for address wrap... Note * that VM_*_ADDRESS are not constants due to casts (argh). */ if (flags & MAP_FIXED) { /* * The specified address must have the same remainder * as the file offset taken modulo PAGE_SIZE, so it * should be aligned after adjustment by pageoff. */ addr -= pageoff; if (addr & PAGE_MASK) return (EINVAL); /* Address range must be all in user VM space. */ if (VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS > 0 && addr + size > VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) return (EINVAL); #ifndef i386 if (VM_MIN_ADDRESS > 0 && addr < VM_MIN_ADDRESS) return (EINVAL); #endif if (addr + size < addr) return (EINVAL); } /* * XXX for non-fixed mappings where no hint is provided or * the hint would fall in the potential heap space, * place it after the end of the largest possible heap. * * There should really be a pmap call to determine a reasonable * location. */ else if (addr < round_page(p->p_vmspace->vm_daddr + MAXDSIZ)) addr = round_page(p->p_vmspace->vm_daddr + MAXDSIZ); if (flags & MAP_ANON) { /* * Mapping blank space is trivial. */ handle = NULL; maxprot = VM_PROT_ALL; pos = 0; } else { /* * Mapping file, get fp for validation. Obtain vnode and make * sure it is of appropriate type. */ if (((unsigned) uap->fd) >= fdp->fd_nfiles || (fp = fdp->fd_ofiles[uap->fd]) == NULL) return (EBADF); if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_VNODE) return (EINVAL); vp = (struct vnode *) fp->f_data; if (vp->v_type != VREG && vp->v_type != VCHR) return (EINVAL); /* * XXX hack to handle use of /dev/zero to map anon memory (ala * SunOS). */ if (vp->v_type == VCHR && iszerodev(vp->v_rdev)) { handle = NULL; maxprot = VM_PROT_ALL; flags |= MAP_ANON; pos = 0; } else { /* * Ensure that file and memory protections are * compatible. Note that we only worry about * writability if mapping is shared; in this case, * current and max prot are dictated by the open file. * XXX use the vnode instead? Problem is: what * credentials do we use for determination? What if * proc does a setuid? */ maxprot = VM_PROT_EXECUTE; /* ??? */ if (fp->f_flag & FREAD) maxprot |= VM_PROT_READ; else if (prot & PROT_READ) return (EACCES); if (flags & MAP_SHARED) { if (fp->f_flag & FWRITE) maxprot |= VM_PROT_WRITE; else if (prot & PROT_WRITE) return (EACCES); } else maxprot |= VM_PROT_WRITE; handle = (caddr_t) vp; } } error = vm_mmap(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, size, prot, maxprot, flags, handle, pos); if (error == 0) *retval = (int) (addr + pageoff); return (error); } #ifdef COMPAT_43 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct ommap_args { caddr_t addr; int len; int prot; int flags; int fd; long pos; }; #endif int ommap(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; register struct ommap_args *uap; int *retval; { struct mmap_args nargs; static const char cvtbsdprot[8] = { 0, PROT_EXEC, PROT_WRITE, PROT_EXEC | PROT_WRITE, PROT_READ, PROT_EXEC | PROT_READ, PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ, PROT_EXEC | PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ, }; #define OMAP_ANON 0x0002 #define OMAP_COPY 0x0020 #define OMAP_SHARED 0x0010 #define OMAP_FIXED 0x0100 #define OMAP_INHERIT 0x0800 nargs.addr = uap->addr; nargs.len = uap->len; nargs.prot = cvtbsdprot[uap->prot & 0x7]; nargs.flags = 0; if (uap->flags & OMAP_ANON) nargs.flags |= MAP_ANON; if (uap->flags & OMAP_COPY) nargs.flags |= MAP_COPY; if (uap->flags & OMAP_SHARED) nargs.flags |= MAP_SHARED; else nargs.flags |= MAP_PRIVATE; if (uap->flags & OMAP_FIXED) nargs.flags |= MAP_FIXED; if (uap->flags & OMAP_INHERIT) nargs.flags |= MAP_INHERIT; nargs.fd = uap->fd; nargs.pos = uap->pos; return (mmap(p, &nargs, retval)); } #endif /* COMPAT_43 */ #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct msync_args { caddr_t addr; int len; int flags; }; #endif int msync(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct msync_args *uap; int *retval; { vm_offset_t addr; vm_size_t size, pageoff; int flags; vm_map_t map; int rv; addr = (vm_offset_t) uap->addr; size = uap->len; flags = uap->flags; pageoff = (addr & PAGE_MASK); addr -= pageoff; size += pageoff; size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size); if (addr + size < addr) return(EINVAL); if ((flags & (MS_ASYNC|MS_INVALIDATE)) == (MS_ASYNC|MS_INVALIDATE)) return (EINVAL); map = &p->p_vmspace->vm_map; /* * XXX Gak! If size is zero we are supposed to sync "all modified * pages with the region containing addr". Unfortunately, we don't * really keep track of individual mmaps so we approximate by flushing * the range of the map entry containing addr. This can be incorrect * if the region splits or is coalesced with a neighbor. */ if (size == 0) { vm_map_entry_t entry; vm_map_lock_read(map); rv = vm_map_lookup_entry(map, addr, &entry); vm_map_unlock_read(map); if (rv == FALSE) return (EINVAL); addr = entry->start; size = entry->end - entry->start; } /* * Clean the pages and interpret the return value. */ rv = vm_map_clean(map, addr, addr + size, (flags & MS_ASYNC) == 0, (flags & MS_INVALIDATE) != 0); switch (rv) { case KERN_SUCCESS: break; case KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS: return (EINVAL); /* Sun returns ENOMEM? */ case KERN_FAILURE: return (EIO); default: return (EINVAL); } return (0); } #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct munmap_args { caddr_t addr; size_t len; }; #endif int munmap(p, uap, retval) register struct proc *p; register struct munmap_args *uap; int *retval; { vm_offset_t addr; vm_size_t size, pageoff; vm_map_t map; addr = (vm_offset_t) uap->addr; size = uap->len; pageoff = (addr & PAGE_MASK); addr -= pageoff; size += pageoff; size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size); if (addr + size < addr) return(EINVAL); if (size == 0) return (0); /* * Check for illegal addresses. Watch out for address wrap... Note * that VM_*_ADDRESS are not constants due to casts (argh). */ if (VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS > 0 && addr + size > VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) return (EINVAL); #ifndef i386 if (VM_MIN_ADDRESS > 0 && addr < VM_MIN_ADDRESS) return (EINVAL); #endif map = &p->p_vmspace->vm_map; /* * Make sure entire range is allocated. */ if (!vm_map_check_protection(map, addr, addr + size, VM_PROT_NONE)) return (EINVAL); /* returns nothing but KERN_SUCCESS anyway */ (void) vm_map_remove(map, addr, addr + size); return (0); } void munmapfd(p, fd) struct proc *p; int fd; { /* * XXX should unmap any regions mapped to this file */ p->p_fd->fd_ofileflags[fd] &= ~UF_MAPPED; } #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct mprotect_args { caddr_t addr; size_t len; int prot; }; #endif int mprotect(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct mprotect_args *uap; int *retval; { vm_offset_t addr; vm_size_t size, pageoff; register vm_prot_t prot; addr = (vm_offset_t) uap->addr; size = uap->len; prot = uap->prot & VM_PROT_ALL; #if defined(VM_PROT_READ_IS_EXEC) if (prot & VM_PROT_READ) prot |= VM_PROT_EXECUTE; #endif pageoff = (addr & PAGE_MASK); addr -= pageoff; size += pageoff; size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size); if (addr + size < addr) return(EINVAL); switch (vm_map_protect(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, addr, addr + size, prot, FALSE)) { case KERN_SUCCESS: return (0); case KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE: return (EACCES); } return (EINVAL); } #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct minherit_args { caddr_t addr; size_t len; int inherit; }; #endif int minherit(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct minherit_args *uap; int *retval; { vm_offset_t addr; vm_size_t size, pageoff; register vm_inherit_t inherit; addr = (vm_offset_t)uap->addr; size = uap->len; inherit = uap->inherit; pageoff = (addr & PAGE_MASK); addr -= pageoff; size += pageoff; size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size); if (addr + size < addr) return(EINVAL); switch (vm_map_inherit(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, addr, addr+size, inherit)) { case KERN_SUCCESS: return (0); case KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE: return (EACCES); } return (EINVAL); } #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct madvise_args { caddr_t addr; size_t len; int behav; }; #endif /* ARGSUSED */ int madvise(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct madvise_args *uap; int *retval; { vm_map_t map; pmap_t pmap; vm_offset_t start, end; /* * Check for illegal addresses. Watch out for address wrap... Note * that VM_*_ADDRESS are not constants due to casts (argh). */ if (VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS > 0 && ((vm_offset_t) uap->addr + uap->len) > VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) return (EINVAL); #ifndef i386 if (VM_MIN_ADDRESS > 0 && uap->addr < VM_MIN_ADDRESS) return (EINVAL); #endif if (((vm_offset_t) uap->addr + uap->len) < (vm_offset_t) uap->addr) return (EINVAL); /* * Since this routine is only advisory, we default to conservative * behavior. */ start = trunc_page((vm_offset_t) uap->addr); end = round_page((vm_offset_t) uap->addr + uap->len); map = &p->p_vmspace->vm_map; pmap = &p->p_vmspace->vm_pmap; vm_map_madvise(map, pmap, start, end, uap->behav); return (0); } #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct mincore_args { caddr_t addr; size_t len; char *vec; }; #endif /* ARGSUSED */ int mincore(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct mincore_args *uap; int *retval; { vm_offset_t addr, first_addr; vm_offset_t end, cend; pmap_t pmap; vm_map_t map; char *vec; int error; int vecindex, lastvecindex; register vm_map_entry_t current; vm_map_entry_t entry; int mincoreinfo; /* * Make sure that the addresses presented are valid for user * mode. */ first_addr = addr = trunc_page((vm_offset_t) uap->addr); end = addr + (vm_size_t)round_page(uap->len); if (VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS > 0 && end > VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) return (EINVAL); if (end < addr) return (EINVAL); /* * Address of byte vector */ vec = uap->vec; map = &p->p_vmspace->vm_map; pmap = &p->p_vmspace->vm_pmap; vm_map_lock(map); /* * Not needed here */ #if 0 VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK(map, addr, end); #endif if (!vm_map_lookup_entry(map, addr, &entry)) entry = entry->next; /* * Do this on a map entry basis so that if the pages are not * in the current processes address space, we can easily look * up the pages elsewhere. */ lastvecindex = -1; for(current = entry; (current != &map->header) && (current->start < end); current = current->next) { /* * ignore submaps (for now) or null objects */ if ((current->eflags & (MAP_ENTRY_IS_A_MAP|MAP_ENTRY_IS_SUB_MAP)) || current->object.vm_object == NULL) continue; /* * limit this scan to the current map entry and the * limits for the mincore call */ if (addr < current->start) addr = current->start; cend = current->end; if (cend > end) cend = end; /* * scan this entry one page at a time */ while(addr < cend) { /* * Check pmap first, it is likely faster, also * it can provide info as to whether we are the * one referencing or modifying the page. */ mincoreinfo = pmap_mincore(pmap, addr); if (!mincoreinfo) { vm_pindex_t pindex; vm_ooffset_t offset; vm_page_t m; /* * calculate the page index into the object */ offset = current->offset + (addr - current->start); pindex = OFF_TO_IDX(offset); m = vm_page_lookup(current->object.vm_object, pindex); /* * if the page is resident, then gather information about * it. */ if (m) { mincoreinfo = MINCORE_INCORE; if (m->dirty || pmap_is_modified(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))) mincoreinfo |= MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER; if ((m->flags & PG_REFERENCED) || pmap_ts_referenced(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))) { m->flags |= PG_REFERENCED; mincoreinfo |= MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER; } } } /* * calculate index into user supplied byte vector */ vecindex = OFF_TO_IDX(addr - first_addr); /* * If we have skipped map entries, we need to make sure that * the byte vector is zeroed for those skipped entries. */ while((lastvecindex + 1) < vecindex) { error = subyte( vec + lastvecindex, 0); if (error) { vm_map_unlock(map); return (EFAULT); } ++lastvecindex; } /* * Pass the page information to the user */ error = subyte( vec + vecindex, mincoreinfo); if (error) { vm_map_unlock(map); return (EFAULT); } lastvecindex = vecindex; addr += PAGE_SIZE; } } /* * Zero the last entries in the byte vector. */ vecindex = OFF_TO_IDX(end - first_addr); while((lastvecindex + 1) < vecindex) { error = subyte( vec + lastvecindex, 0); if (error) { vm_map_unlock(map); return (EFAULT); } ++lastvecindex; } vm_map_unlock(map); return (0); } #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct mlock_args { caddr_t addr; size_t len; }; #endif int mlock(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct mlock_args *uap; int *retval; { vm_offset_t addr; vm_size_t size, pageoff; int error; addr = (vm_offset_t) uap->addr; size = uap->len; pageoff = (addr & PAGE_MASK); addr -= pageoff; size += pageoff; size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size); /* disable wrap around */ if (addr + size < addr) return (EINVAL); if (atop(size) + cnt.v_wire_count > vm_page_max_wired) return (EAGAIN); #ifdef pmap_wired_count if (size + ptoa(pmap_wired_count(vm_map_pmap(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map))) > p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur) return (ENOMEM); #else error = suser(p->p_ucred, &p->p_acflag); if (error) return (error); #endif error = vm_map_user_pageable(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, addr, addr + size, FALSE); return (error == KERN_SUCCESS ? 0 : ENOMEM); } #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct mlockall_args { int how; }; #endif int mlockall(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct mlockall_args *uap; int *retval; { return 0; } #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct mlockall_args { int how; }; #endif int munlockall(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct munlockall_args *uap; int *retval; { return 0; } #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_ struct munlock_args { caddr_t addr; size_t len; }; #endif int munlock(p, uap, retval) struct proc *p; struct munlock_args *uap; int *retval; { vm_offset_t addr; vm_size_t size, pageoff; int error; addr = (vm_offset_t) uap->addr; size = uap->len; pageoff = (addr & PAGE_MASK); addr -= pageoff; size += pageoff; size = (vm_size_t) round_page(size); /* disable wrap around */ if (addr + size < addr) return (EINVAL); #ifndef pmap_wired_count error = suser(p->p_ucred, &p->p_acflag); if (error) return (error); #endif error = vm_map_user_pageable(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, addr, addr + size, TRUE); return (error == KERN_SUCCESS ? 0 : ENOMEM); } /* * Internal version of mmap. * Currently used by mmap, exec, and sys5 shared memory. * Handle is either a vnode pointer or NULL for MAP_ANON. */ int vm_mmap(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t *addr, vm_size_t size, vm_prot_t prot, vm_prot_t maxprot, int flags, caddr_t handle, /* XXX should be vp */ vm_ooffset_t foff) { boolean_t fitit; vm_object_t object; struct vnode *vp = NULL; objtype_t type; int rv = KERN_SUCCESS; vm_ooffset_t objsize; int docow; struct proc *p = curproc; if (size == 0) return (0); objsize = size = round_page(size); /* * We currently can only deal with page aligned file offsets. * The check is here rather than in the syscall because the * kernel calls this function internally for other mmaping * operations (such as in exec) and non-aligned offsets will * cause pmap inconsistencies...so we want to be sure to * disallow this in all cases. */ if (foff & PAGE_MASK) return (EINVAL); if ((flags & MAP_FIXED) == 0) { fitit = TRUE; *addr = round_page(*addr); } else { if (*addr != trunc_page(*addr)) return (EINVAL); fitit = FALSE; (void) vm_map_remove(map, *addr, *addr + size); } /* * Lookup/allocate object. */ if (flags & MAP_ANON) { type = OBJT_DEFAULT; /* * Unnamed anonymous regions always start at 0. */ if (handle == 0) foff = 0; } else { vp = (struct vnode *) handle; if (vp->v_type == VCHR) { type = OBJT_DEVICE; handle = (caddr_t) vp->v_rdev; } else { struct vattr vat; int error; error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &vat, p->p_ucred, p); if (error) return (error); objsize = round_page(vat.va_size); type = OBJT_VNODE; } } if (handle == NULL) { object = NULL; } else { object = vm_pager_allocate(type, handle, OFF_TO_IDX(objsize), prot, foff); if (object == NULL) return (type == OBJT_DEVICE ? EINVAL : ENOMEM); } /* * Force device mappings to be shared. */ if (type == OBJT_DEVICE) { flags &= ~(MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_COPY); flags |= MAP_SHARED; } docow = 0; if ((flags & (MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED)) == 0) { docow = MAP_COPY_ON_WRITE | MAP_COPY_NEEDED; } #if defined(VM_PROT_READ_IS_EXEC) if (prot & VM_PROT_READ) prot |= VM_PROT_EXECUTE; if (maxprot & VM_PROT_READ) maxprot |= VM_PROT_EXECUTE; #endif if (fitit) { *addr = pmap_addr_hint(object, *addr, size); } rv = vm_map_find(map, object, foff, addr, size, fitit, prot, maxprot, docow); if (rv != KERN_SUCCESS) { /* * Lose the object reference. Will destroy the * object if it's an unnamed anonymous mapping * or named anonymous without other references. */ vm_object_deallocate(object); goto out; } /* * "Pre-fault" resident pages. */ if ((map->pmap != NULL) && (object != NULL)) { pmap_object_init_pt(map->pmap, *addr, object, (vm_pindex_t) OFF_TO_IDX(foff), size, 1); } /* * Shared memory is also shared with children. */ if (flags & (MAP_SHARED|MAP_INHERIT)) { rv = vm_map_inherit(map, *addr, *addr + size, VM_INHERIT_SHARE); if (rv != KERN_SUCCESS) { (void) vm_map_remove(map, *addr, *addr + size); goto out; } } out: switch (rv) { case KERN_SUCCESS: return (0); case KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS: case KERN_NO_SPACE: return (ENOMEM); case KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE: return (EACCES); default: return (EINVAL); } }