Updating Information for FreeBSD current users This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh . Please send new entries directly to him. See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 20010709: The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond the ability of the shared library major number to handle. It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The solution is to rebuild those ports. 20010628: The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO. 20010625: The pccard modem issue has been corrected. OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events. IRQ configuration needs more safety belts. 20010617: Softupdates problems have been corrected. 20010614: Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always, rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional kernel building methods. 20010613: pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet). 20010613: SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file. 20010612: After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism until this bug is fixed. Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the hints.c file, wheather you want it to or not. 20010610: Locale names have changed to match other systems better. 20010604: pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this. Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang. You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what it is). pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags. 20010530: INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this, use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only a limited time. If you see install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using COPY=-C. 20010525: It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However, there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha definitely is in bad shape. 20010521: Minor repo damanged has happened. This may cause problems with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message is Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty 20010520: Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient. 20010519: pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over the past few days. Everything should still work, but if not, please contact imp@freebsd.org. 20010517: ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and userland at the same time. 20010517: New ncurses imported. 20010512: DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this will be the only way to go starting July 1. 20010502: Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT. 20010501: Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT. 20010430: The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to go back in the water. 20010429: A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after this date, but before the correction date. 20010423: old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 20010411: fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. Update only if you understand that you must not use the old fsck with the new kernel ever. 20010330: fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 20010319: portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig. 20010315: ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC and ATA_ENABEL_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details. 20010312: The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 20010312: The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode instead of ad-hoc. 20010310: /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now. Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. ssh might not work if you don't. 20010303: The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments, which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if you use the ed driver. 20010220: The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly safe to go back into the water. 20010211: The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we don't have to move this to the updating section. To get around the installworld problem, do: # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed # make install # cd /usr/src # make installworld If that doesn't work, then try: # make -k installworld # make installworld 20010207: DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 20010205: FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. Remove them from your config. 20010122: ****************************** WARNING ****************************** buildkernel has been changed slightly ****************************** WARNING ****************************** KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 20010119: config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. This requires a new config to build correctly. 20010116: The kerrnel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 20010110: Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 20010102: Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 20010101: ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that might have been ignored by the -k option. Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports of this working. 20001228: There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink sillyness is gone and the installed libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 20001218: Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys cards will not be recognized without it. 20001205: Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires adding the following in pam.conf: sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass sshd session required pam_permit.so 20001031: cvs updated to 1.11. 20001020: The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one workaround. 20001010: ****************************** WARNING ****************************** Sendmail has been updated. ****************************** WARNING ****************************** o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL is set. o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY commands. o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names More details can be found at http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 20001009: The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 20001006: The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete /usr/bin/miniperl. 20001005: This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole tree for anything to work. 20000928: There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 20000916: /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the same time as your kernel. 20000914: The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time when they resume. Include device pmtimer in your config file and hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" to your /boot/device.hints file. 20000911: The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have been updated. You will need to do something similar in your own kernel config file. Remove: options RANDOMDEV Add: device random If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do nothing. 20000909: The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to reflect this if you load this module at boot time. The line should read: random_load="YES" 20000907: The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make sure you don't have model loading problems which might at first blush appear related to SMP. 20000906: nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you don't have one, and you have host.conf. 20000905: The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 20000905: The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location is /boot/kernel. You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ installkernel/installworld dance. Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old chflags noschg /kernel.old mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko fi 20000904: A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email is not likely to be generated. 20000825: /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the kernel. 20000821: If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to /boot/loader.conf. 20000812: suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl will fix this until the next build. 20000812: sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration include: - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README - newaliases limited to root and trusted users - MSA port (587) turned on by default - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 20000810: suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a specific use for it. 20000729: Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): # Enable network daemons for user convenience. inetd_enable="YES" portmap_enable="YES" sendmail_enable="YES" 20000728: If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 20000728: The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel to /MYKERNEL. 20000711: If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt for details on potential problems that you might have and how to get around them. If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the clauses above, you needn't worry. 20000711: /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike in the number of changed programs the first time when you run mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 20000710: /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange errors. (see below, 20000624). FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 20000709: phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 20000706: libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the interim if needed. 20000705: The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for details. 20000704: With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 20000704: rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 20000630: The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 20000625: From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto system installed in order to build the system and kernel. While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they were required. You should check with the latest collections to make sure that these haven't changed. 20000624: Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT FORWARD for cryptographic services until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this date to the completion of the work. If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and recreate the random and urandom devices. 20000622: The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links that used to be required when updating. 20000621: Scott Flatman sent in a decent write-up on the config file update procedure. http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file. 20000620: Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and that workaround will no longer be required. 20000615: phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd devices. In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases may work). 20000612: Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive to your config file to compile them in statically. The format of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 20000522: A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody building a kernel after this point is advised that they need to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem is resolved. 20000513: The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 20000510: The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 20000503: Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info is now available. 20000502: Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and connected to the kernel building instead. 20000427: You may need to build gperf cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses an option only in -current. 20000417: The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but before you reboot, you'll need to issue: brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 20000320: If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to cope if you have a problem combination is to add: /sbin/sysctl -w hw.atamodes=pio,pio,pio,pio to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 20000319: The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 20000318: We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules that you are loading are up to date. 20000315: If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not boot. 20000315: 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. COMMON ITEMS: General Notes ------------- Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when several months have passed on the -current branch). To build a kernel ----------------- If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up -------------------------------------------------------------- cd src/sys/{i386,alpha}/conf config KERNEL_NAME_HERE [1] cd ../../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE make depend make make install [1] If in doubt, -r might help here. If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. ----------------------------------------------------------- make world Build a new kernel, see above. To upgrade from 4.x-stable to current ------------------------------------- make buildworld make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE cp src/sys/${MACHINE_ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE reboot in single user [3] make installworld mergemaster [4] [1] Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of the UPDATING entries. Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update your sources that you have read and understood all the recent messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has much fewer pitfalls. [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on reboot. [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware configuration. [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do fsck -p mount -u / mount -a cd /usr/src adjkerntz -i # if COMS is wall time [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists for potential gotchas. FORMAT: This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in previous releases if your system is older than this. Please filter your entries through Warner Losh (imp@village.org) so that the style, formatting, etc of this file can be maintained. Copyright information: Copyright 1998, 2001 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. Redistribution, translation and use, with or without modification, in full or in part, are permitted provided that the above copyright notice is retained. THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the author a beer. $FreeBSD$