.\" -*- nroff -*- .\" .\" Copyright (c) 1998, 1999 Eivind Eklund .\" .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" This program is free software. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE DEVELOPERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES .\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. .\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE DEVELOPERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, .\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT .\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, .\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY .\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT .\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF .\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" .\" If you integrate this manpage in another OS, I'd appreciate a note .\" - eivind@FreeBSD.org .\" .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" .Dd December 16, 1998 .Os .Dt NAMEI 9 .Sh NAME .Nm namei , .Nm NDINIT .Nd convert pathname to a pointer to a locked vnode .Sh SYNOPSIS .Fd #include .Fd #include .Ft int .Fn namei "struct nameidata *ndp" .Ft void .Fn NDINIT "struct nameidata *ndp" "u_long operation" "u_long operflags" "enum uio_seg segflag" "const char *path" "struct proc *proc" .Ft void .Fn NDFREE "struct nameidata *ndp" "u_int operflags" .Sh DESCRIPTION .Fn namei is used to get from a pathname to a vnode for the object. This is a necessity to start doing VFS operations. The vnode returned will have its reference count increased; when you're through with it, you have to release it using either .Xr vrele 9 or .Xr vput 9 , depending on whether you specified the LOCKLEAF flag or not. .Pp To initialize the nameidata struct, you usually use .Fn NDINIT . It takes the following arguments: .Pp .Bl -tag -width nameidatap .It Ar nameidatap pointer to the struct nameidata to initialize .It Ar operation The operation to have .Fn namei do. The relevant operations are .Dv LOOKUP , .Dv CREATE , .Dv DELETE , and .Dv RENAME . The latter three are just setup for those effects; just calling .Fn namei will not result in .Fn VOP_RENAME being called. .It Ar operflags Operation flags. Several of these can be effective at the same time. .It Ar segflag Segment indicator. This tells if the name of the object is in userspace (UIO_USERSPACE) or in the kernel address space (UIO_SYSSPACE). .It Ar path Pointer to pathname buffer (the file or directory name that will be looked up) .It Ar proc Which process context to use for the .Fn namei locks. .El .Sh NAMEI OPERATION FLAGS .Fn namei takes the following set of 'operation flags' that influence how it operates: .Bl -tag -width WANTPARENT .It Dv LOCKLEAF Lock vnode on return. This is a full lock of the vnode; you'll have to use .Xr VOP_UNLOCK 9 to release the lock (or use .Xr vput 9 to release the lock and do a .Xr vrele 9 , all in one). .It Dv LOCKPARENT Make .Fn namei also return the parent (directory) vnode (in nd.ni_dvp), in locked state, unless the dvp is identical to the vp, in which case the dvp is not locked per se (but may be locked due to LOCKLEAF). If you get a lock, remember to release the lock (using .Xr vput 9 or .Xr VOP_UNLOCK 9 and .Xr vrele 9 . ) .It Dv WANTPARENT Make .Fn namei also return the parent (directory) vnode, in unlocked state. Remember to release it (using .Xr vrele 9 . ) .It Dv NOCACHE Avoid .Fn namei creating this entry in the namecache if it is not already present. Normally .Fn namei will add entries to the name cache if they're not already there. .It Dv FOLLOW With this flag, .Fn namei will follow the symbolic link if the last part of the path supplied is a symbolic link (i.e., it will return a vnode for whatever the link points at, instead for the link itself). .It Dv NOOBJ Do not call .Fn vfs_object_create for the returned vnode even if it is just a VREG and we're able to (ie, it is locked). .It Dv NOFOLLOW Do not follow symbolic links (pseudo). This flag is not looked for by the actual code, which looks for FOLLOW. NOFOLLOW is used to indicate to the source code reader that symlinks are intentionally not followed. .El .Sh ALLOCATED ELEMENTS .Bl -tag -width WANTPARENT .It Dv ni_startdir Where we did lookup relative to. In the normal case, this is either the current directory or the root. It is the current directory if the name passed in doesn't start with / and we have not gone through any symlinks with an absolute path, and the root otherwise. .Pp In this case, it is only used by .Fn lookup , and should not be considered valid after a call to .Fn namei . .Pp If SAVESTART is set, this is set to the same as ni_dvp, with an extra .Fn VREF . .Pp To block NDFREE from releasing ni_startdir when it is set, use the flag NDF_NO_STARTDIR_RELE. .It Dv ni_dvp The directory vp for the directory the object we're looking up is in. This is available on successful return if LOCKPARENT or WANTPARENT is set. It is locked if LOCKPARENT is set. Freeing this in NDFREE can be inhibited by NDF_NO_DVP_RELE, NDF_NO_DVP_PUT, or NDF_NO_DVP_UNLOCK (with the obvious effects). .It Dv ni_vp The vp for the target of the of the pathname exists, NULL otherwise. The vp is returned with increased reference count (VREF'ed). If LOCKLEAF is set, it is also locked. .Pp Freeing this in NDFREE can be inhibited by NDF_NO_VP_RELE, NDF_NO_VP_PUT, or NDF_NO_VP_UNLOCK (with the obvious effects). .It Dv ni_cnd.cn_pnbuf Path name buffer. This is allocated through zalloc(namei_zone) and freed through zfree(namei_zone, ...). .Pp This is available to the caller (who must free it using .Xr NDFREE 9 ) if SAVESTART or SAVENAME is set. To free only the ni_cnd.cn_pnbuf, there is a special flags NDF_ONLY_PNBUF. To not free the cnd, use the flag ND_NO_FREE_PNBUF. .El .Sh BUGS LOCKPARENT does not always result in parent vp being locked (see details in description). This results in complications everywhere LOCKPARENT is used. In order to solve this for the cases that include both LOCKPARENT and LOCKLEAF, it will be necessary to go to recursive locking. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr VFS 9 , .Xr vnode 9 .Pp .Pa src/sys/kern/vfs_lookup.c .Sh AUTHORS This man page was written by .An Eivind Eklund .