e0f5c1387d
Austin Group bugs #1226 and #1250 changed the requirements for shell scripts without #! (POSIX does not specify #!; this is about the shell execution when execve(2) returns an [ENOEXEC] error). POSIX says we shall allow execution if the initial part intended to be parsed by the shell consists of characters and does not contain the NUL character. This allows concatenating a shell script (ending with exec or exit) and a binary payload. In order to reject common binary files such as PNG images, check that there is a lowercase letter or expansion before the last newline before the NUL character, in addition to the check for the newline character suggested by POSIX.