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freebsd-skq/sys/kern/kern_jail.c
rwatson 7288104e20 Add a new priv(9) kernel interface for checking the availability of 
privilege for threads and credentials.  Unlike the existing suser(9)
interface, priv(9) exposes a named privilege identifier to the privilege
checking code, allowing more complex policies regarding the granting of
privilege to be expressed.  Two interfaces are provided, replacing the
existing suser(9) interface:

suser(td)                 ->   priv_check(td, priv)
suser_cred(cred, flags)   ->   priv_check_cred(cred, priv, flags)

A comprehensive list of currently available kernel privileges may be
found in priv.h.  New privileges are easily added as required, but the
comments on adding privileges found in priv.h and priv(9) should be read
before doing so.

The new privilege interface exposed sufficient information to the
privilege checking routine that it will now be possible for jail to
determine whether a particular privilege is granted in the check routine,
rather than relying on hints from the calling context via the
SUSER_ALLOWJAIL flag.  For now, the flag is maintained, but a new jail
check function, prison_priv_check(), is exposed from kern_jail.c and used
by the privilege check routine to determine if the privilege is permitted
in jail.  As a result, a centralized list of privileges permitted in jail
is now present in kern_jail.c.

The MAC Framework is now also able to instrument privilege checks, both
to deny privileges otherwise granted (mac_priv_check()), and to grant
privileges otherwise denied (mac_priv_grant()), permitting MAC Policy
modules to implement privilege models, as well as control a much broader
range of system behavior in order to constrain processes running with
root privilege.

The suser() and suser_cred() functions remain implemented, now in terms
of priv_check() and the PRIV_ROOT privilege, for use during the transition
and possibly continuing use by third party kernel modules that have not
been updated.  The PRIV_DRIVER privilege exists to allow device drivers to
check privilege without adopting a more specific privilege identifier.

This change does not modify the actual security policy, rather, it
modifies the interface for privilege checks so changes to the security
policy become more feasible.

Sponsored by:		nCircle Network Security, Inc.
Obtained from:		TrustedBSD Project
Discussed on:		arch@
Reviewed (at least in part) by:	mlaier, jmg, pjd, bde, ceri,
			Alex Lyashkov <umka at sevcity dot net>,
			Skip Ford <skip dot ford at verizon dot net>,
			Antoine Brodin <antoine dot brodin at laposte dot net>
2006-11-06 13:37:19 +00:00

752 lines
17 KiB
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/*-
* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
* "THE BEER-WARE LICENSE" (Revision 42):
* <phk@FreeBSD.ORG> wrote this file. As long as you retain this notice you
* can do whatever you want with this stuff. If we meet some day, and you think
* this stuff is worth it, you can buy me a beer in return. Poul-Henning Kamp
* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
#include "opt_mac.h"
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/sysproto.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/priv.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/taskqueue.h>
#include <sys/jail.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/mutex.h>
#include <sys/namei.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PRISON, "prison", "Prison structures");
SYSCTL_NODE(_security, OID_AUTO, jail, CTLFLAG_RW, 0,
"Jail rules");
int jail_set_hostname_allowed = 1;
SYSCTL_INT(_security_jail, OID_AUTO, set_hostname_allowed, CTLFLAG_RW,
&jail_set_hostname_allowed, 0,
"Processes in jail can set their hostnames");
int jail_socket_unixiproute_only = 1;
SYSCTL_INT(_security_jail, OID_AUTO, socket_unixiproute_only, CTLFLAG_RW,
&jail_socket_unixiproute_only, 0,
"Processes in jail are limited to creating UNIX/IPv4/route sockets only");
int jail_sysvipc_allowed = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_security_jail, OID_AUTO, sysvipc_allowed, CTLFLAG_RW,
&jail_sysvipc_allowed, 0,
"Processes in jail can use System V IPC primitives");
static int jail_enforce_statfs = 2;
SYSCTL_INT(_security_jail, OID_AUTO, enforce_statfs, CTLFLAG_RW,
&jail_enforce_statfs, 0,
"Processes in jail cannot see all mounted file systems");
int jail_allow_raw_sockets = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_security_jail, OID_AUTO, allow_raw_sockets, CTLFLAG_RW,
&jail_allow_raw_sockets, 0,
"Prison root can create raw sockets");
int jail_chflags_allowed = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_security_jail, OID_AUTO, chflags_allowed, CTLFLAG_RW,
&jail_chflags_allowed, 0,
"Processes in jail can alter system file flags");
/* allprison, lastprid, and prisoncount are protected by allprison_mtx. */
struct prisonlist allprison;
struct mtx allprison_mtx;
int lastprid = 0;
int prisoncount = 0;
static void init_prison(void *);
static void prison_complete(void *context, int pending);
static struct prison *prison_find(int);
static int sysctl_jail_list(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static void
init_prison(void *data __unused)
{
mtx_init(&allprison_mtx, "allprison", NULL, MTX_DEF);
LIST_INIT(&allprison);
}
SYSINIT(prison, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_ANY, init_prison, NULL);
/*
* MPSAFE
*
* struct jail_args {
* struct jail *jail;
* };
*/
int
jail(struct thread *td, struct jail_args *uap)
{
struct nameidata nd;
struct prison *pr, *tpr;
struct jail j;
struct jail_attach_args jaa;
int vfslocked, error, tryprid;
error = copyin(uap->jail, &j, sizeof(j));
if (error)
return (error);
if (j.version != 0)
return (EINVAL);
MALLOC(pr, struct prison *, sizeof(*pr), M_PRISON, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
mtx_init(&pr->pr_mtx, "jail mutex", NULL, MTX_DEF);
pr->pr_ref = 1;
error = copyinstr(j.path, &pr->pr_path, sizeof(pr->pr_path), 0);
if (error)
goto e_killmtx;
NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, MPSAFE | FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF, UIO_SYSSPACE,
pr->pr_path, td);
error = namei(&nd);
if (error)
goto e_killmtx;
vfslocked = NDHASGIANT(&nd);
pr->pr_root = nd.ni_vp;
VOP_UNLOCK(nd.ni_vp, 0, td);
NDFREE(&nd, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
error = copyinstr(j.hostname, &pr->pr_host, sizeof(pr->pr_host), 0);
if (error)
goto e_dropvnref;
pr->pr_ip = j.ip_number;
pr->pr_linux = NULL;
pr->pr_securelevel = securelevel;
/* Determine next pr_id and add prison to allprison list. */
mtx_lock(&allprison_mtx);
tryprid = lastprid + 1;
if (tryprid == JAIL_MAX)
tryprid = 1;
next:
LIST_FOREACH(tpr, &allprison, pr_list) {
if (tpr->pr_id == tryprid) {
tryprid++;
if (tryprid == JAIL_MAX) {
mtx_unlock(&allprison_mtx);
error = EAGAIN;
goto e_dropvnref;
}
goto next;
}
}
pr->pr_id = jaa.jid = lastprid = tryprid;
LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allprison, pr, pr_list);
prisoncount++;
mtx_unlock(&allprison_mtx);
error = jail_attach(td, &jaa);
if (error)
goto e_dropprref;
mtx_lock(&pr->pr_mtx);
pr->pr_ref--;
mtx_unlock(&pr->pr_mtx);
td->td_retval[0] = jaa.jid;
return (0);
e_dropprref:
mtx_lock(&allprison_mtx);
LIST_REMOVE(pr, pr_list);
prisoncount--;
mtx_unlock(&allprison_mtx);
e_dropvnref:
vfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(pr->pr_root->v_mount);
vrele(pr->pr_root);
VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
e_killmtx:
mtx_destroy(&pr->pr_mtx);
FREE(pr, M_PRISON);
return (error);
}
/*
* MPSAFE
*
* struct jail_attach_args {
* int jid;
* };
*/
int
jail_attach(struct thread *td, struct jail_attach_args *uap)
{
struct proc *p;
struct ucred *newcred, *oldcred;
struct prison *pr;
int vfslocked, error;
/*
* XXX: Note that there is a slight race here if two threads
* in the same privileged process attempt to attach to two
* different jails at the same time. It is important for
* user processes not to do this, or they might end up with
* a process root from one prison, but attached to the jail
* of another.
*/
error = priv_check(td, PRIV_JAIL_ATTACH);
if (error)
return (error);
p = td->td_proc;
mtx_lock(&allprison_mtx);
pr = prison_find(uap->jid);
if (pr == NULL) {
mtx_unlock(&allprison_mtx);
return (EINVAL);
}
pr->pr_ref++;
mtx_unlock(&pr->pr_mtx);
mtx_unlock(&allprison_mtx);
vfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(pr->pr_root->v_mount);
vn_lock(pr->pr_root, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY, td);
if ((error = change_dir(pr->pr_root, td)) != 0)
goto e_unlock;
#ifdef MAC
if ((error = mac_check_vnode_chroot(td->td_ucred, pr->pr_root)))
goto e_unlock;
#endif
VOP_UNLOCK(pr->pr_root, 0, td);
change_root(pr->pr_root, td);
VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
newcred = crget();
PROC_LOCK(p);
oldcred = p->p_ucred;
setsugid(p);
crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
newcred->cr_prison = pr;
p->p_ucred = newcred;
PROC_UNLOCK(p);
crfree(oldcred);
return (0);
e_unlock:
VOP_UNLOCK(pr->pr_root, 0, td);
VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
mtx_lock(&pr->pr_mtx);
pr->pr_ref--;
mtx_unlock(&pr->pr_mtx);
return (error);
}
/*
* Returns a locked prison instance, or NULL on failure.
*/
static struct prison *
prison_find(int prid)
{
struct prison *pr;
mtx_assert(&allprison_mtx, MA_OWNED);
LIST_FOREACH(pr, &allprison, pr_list) {
if (pr->pr_id == prid) {
mtx_lock(&pr->pr_mtx);
return (pr);
}
}
return (NULL);
}
void
prison_free(struct prison *pr)
{
mtx_lock(&allprison_mtx);
mtx_lock(&pr->pr_mtx);
pr->pr_ref--;
if (pr->pr_ref == 0) {
LIST_REMOVE(pr, pr_list);
mtx_unlock(&pr->pr_mtx);
prisoncount--;
mtx_unlock(&allprison_mtx);
TASK_INIT(&pr->pr_task, 0, prison_complete, pr);
taskqueue_enqueue(taskqueue_thread, &pr->pr_task);
return;
}
mtx_unlock(&pr->pr_mtx);
mtx_unlock(&allprison_mtx);
}
static void
prison_complete(void *context, int pending)
{
struct prison *pr;
int vfslocked;
pr = (struct prison *)context;
vfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(pr->pr_root->v_mount);
vrele(pr->pr_root);
VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
mtx_destroy(&pr->pr_mtx);
if (pr->pr_linux != NULL)
FREE(pr->pr_linux, M_PRISON);
FREE(pr, M_PRISON);
}
void
prison_hold(struct prison *pr)
{
mtx_lock(&pr->pr_mtx);
pr->pr_ref++;
mtx_unlock(&pr->pr_mtx);
}
u_int32_t
prison_getip(struct ucred *cred)
{
return (cred->cr_prison->pr_ip);
}
int
prison_ip(struct ucred *cred, int flag, u_int32_t *ip)
{
u_int32_t tmp;
if (!jailed(cred))
return (0);
if (flag)
tmp = *ip;
else
tmp = ntohl(*ip);
if (tmp == INADDR_ANY) {
if (flag)
*ip = cred->cr_prison->pr_ip;
else
*ip = htonl(cred->cr_prison->pr_ip);
return (0);
}
if (tmp == INADDR_LOOPBACK) {
if (flag)
*ip = cred->cr_prison->pr_ip;
else
*ip = htonl(cred->cr_prison->pr_ip);
return (0);
}
if (cred->cr_prison->pr_ip != tmp)
return (1);
return (0);
}
void
prison_remote_ip(struct ucred *cred, int flag, u_int32_t *ip)
{
u_int32_t tmp;
if (!jailed(cred))
return;
if (flag)
tmp = *ip;
else
tmp = ntohl(*ip);
if (tmp == INADDR_LOOPBACK) {
if (flag)
*ip = cred->cr_prison->pr_ip;
else
*ip = htonl(cred->cr_prison->pr_ip);
return;
}
return;
}
int
prison_if(struct ucred *cred, struct sockaddr *sa)
{
struct sockaddr_in *sai;
int ok;
sai = (struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
if ((sai->sin_family != AF_INET) && jail_socket_unixiproute_only)
ok = 1;
else if (sai->sin_family != AF_INET)
ok = 0;
else if (cred->cr_prison->pr_ip != ntohl(sai->sin_addr.s_addr))
ok = 1;
else
ok = 0;
return (ok);
}
/*
* Return 0 if jails permit p1 to frob p2, otherwise ESRCH.
*/
int
prison_check(struct ucred *cred1, struct ucred *cred2)
{
if (jailed(cred1)) {
if (!jailed(cred2))
return (ESRCH);
if (cred2->cr_prison != cred1->cr_prison)
return (ESRCH);
}
return (0);
}
/*
* Return 1 if the passed credential is in a jail, otherwise 0.
*/
int
jailed(struct ucred *cred)
{
return (cred->cr_prison != NULL);
}
/*
* Return the correct hostname for the passed credential.
*/
void
getcredhostname(struct ucred *cred, char *buf, size_t size)
{
if (jailed(cred)) {
mtx_lock(&cred->cr_prison->pr_mtx);
strlcpy(buf, cred->cr_prison->pr_host, size);
mtx_unlock(&cred->cr_prison->pr_mtx);
} else
strlcpy(buf, hostname, size);
}
/*
* Determine whether the subject represented by cred can "see"
* status of a mount point.
* Returns: 0 for permitted, ENOENT otherwise.
* XXX: This function should be called cr_canseemount() and should be
* placed in kern_prot.c.
*/
int
prison_canseemount(struct ucred *cred, struct mount *mp)
{
struct prison *pr;
struct statfs *sp;
size_t len;
if (!jailed(cred) || jail_enforce_statfs == 0)
return (0);
pr = cred->cr_prison;
if (pr->pr_root->v_mount == mp)
return (0);
if (jail_enforce_statfs == 2)
return (ENOENT);
/*
* If jail's chroot directory is set to "/" we should be able to see
* all mount-points from inside a jail.
* This is ugly check, but this is the only situation when jail's
* directory ends with '/'.
*/
if (strcmp(pr->pr_path, "/") == 0)
return (0);
len = strlen(pr->pr_path);
sp = &mp->mnt_stat;
if (strncmp(pr->pr_path, sp->f_mntonname, len) != 0)
return (ENOENT);
/*
* Be sure that we don't have situation where jail's root directory
* is "/some/path" and mount point is "/some/pathpath".
*/
if (sp->f_mntonname[len] != '\0' && sp->f_mntonname[len] != '/')
return (ENOENT);
return (0);
}
void
prison_enforce_statfs(struct ucred *cred, struct mount *mp, struct statfs *sp)
{
char jpath[MAXPATHLEN];
struct prison *pr;
size_t len;
if (!jailed(cred) || jail_enforce_statfs == 0)
return;
pr = cred->cr_prison;
if (prison_canseemount(cred, mp) != 0) {
bzero(sp->f_mntonname, sizeof(sp->f_mntonname));
strlcpy(sp->f_mntonname, "[restricted]",
sizeof(sp->f_mntonname));
return;
}
if (pr->pr_root->v_mount == mp) {
/*
* Clear current buffer data, so we are sure nothing from
* the valid path left there.
*/
bzero(sp->f_mntonname, sizeof(sp->f_mntonname));
*sp->f_mntonname = '/';
return;
}
/*
* If jail's chroot directory is set to "/" we should be able to see
* all mount-points from inside a jail.
*/
if (strcmp(pr->pr_path, "/") == 0)
return;
len = strlen(pr->pr_path);
strlcpy(jpath, sp->f_mntonname + len, sizeof(jpath));
/*
* Clear current buffer data, so we are sure nothing from
* the valid path left there.
*/
bzero(sp->f_mntonname, sizeof(sp->f_mntonname));
if (*jpath == '\0') {
/* Should never happen. */
*sp->f_mntonname = '/';
} else {
strlcpy(sp->f_mntonname, jpath, sizeof(sp->f_mntonname));
}
}
/*
* Check with permission for a specific privilege is granted within jail. We
* have a specific list of accepted privileges; the rest are denied.
*/
int
prison_priv_check(struct ucred *cred, int priv)
{
if (!jailed(cred))
return (0);
switch (priv) {
/*
* Allow ktrace privileges for root in jail.
*/
case PRIV_KTRACE:
/*
* Allow jailed processes to configure audit identity and
* submit audit records (login, etc). In the future we may
* want to further refine the relationship between audit and
* jail.
*/
case PRIV_AUDIT_GETAUDIT:
case PRIV_AUDIT_SETAUDIT:
case PRIV_AUDIT_SUBMIT:
/*
* Allow jailed processes to manipulate process UNIX
* credentials in any way they see fit.
*/
case PRIV_CRED_SETUID:
case PRIV_CRED_SETEUID:
case PRIV_CRED_SETGID:
case PRIV_CRED_SETEGID:
case PRIV_CRED_SETGROUPS:
case PRIV_CRED_SETREUID:
case PRIV_CRED_SETREGID:
case PRIV_CRED_SETRESUID:
case PRIV_CRED_SETRESGID:
/*
* Jail implements visibility constraints already, so allow
* jailed root to override uid/gid-based constraints.
*/
case PRIV_SEEOTHERGIDS:
case PRIV_SEEOTHERUIDS:
/*
* Jail implements inter-process debugging limits already, so
* allow jailed root various debugging privileges.
*/
case PRIV_DEBUG_DIFFCRED:
case PRIV_DEBUG_SUGID:
case PRIV_DEBUG_UNPRIV:
/*
* Allow jail to set various resource limits and login
* properties, and for now, exceed process resource limits.
*/
case PRIV_PROC_LIMIT:
case PRIV_PROC_SETLOGIN:
case PRIV_PROC_SETRLIMIT:
/*
* System V and POSIX IPC privileges are granted in jail.
*/
case PRIV_IPC_READ:
case PRIV_IPC_WRITE:
case PRIV_IPC_EXEC:
case PRIV_IPC_ADMIN:
case PRIV_IPC_MSGSIZE:
case PRIV_MQ_ADMIN:
/*
* Jail implements its own inter-process limits, so allow
* root processes in jail to change scheduling on other
* processes in the same jail. Likewise for signalling.
*/
case PRIV_SCHED_DIFFCRED:
case PRIV_SIGNAL_DIFFCRED:
case PRIV_SIGNAL_SUGID:
/*
* Allow jailed processes to write to sysctls marked as jail
* writable.
*/
case PRIV_SYSCTL_WRITEJAIL:
/*
* Allow root in jail to manage a variety of quota
* properties. Some are a bit surprising and should be
* reconsidered.
*/
case PRIV_UFS_GETQUOTA:
case PRIV_UFS_QUOTAOFF: /* XXXRW: Slightly surprising. */
case PRIV_UFS_QUOTAON: /* XXXRW: Slightly surprising. */
case PRIV_UFS_SETQUOTA:
case PRIV_UFS_SETUSE: /* XXXRW: Slightly surprising. */
/*
* Since Jail relies on chroot() to implement file system
* protections, grant many VFS privileges to root in jail.
* Be careful to exclude mount-related and NFS-related
* privileges.
*/
case PRIV_VFS_READ:
case PRIV_VFS_WRITE:
case PRIV_VFS_ADMIN:
case PRIV_VFS_EXEC:
case PRIV_VFS_LOOKUP:
case PRIV_VFS_BLOCKRESERVE: /* XXXRW: Slightly surprising. */
case PRIV_VFS_CHFLAGS_DEV:
case PRIV_VFS_CHOWN:
case PRIV_VFS_CHROOT:
case PRIV_VFS_CLEARSUGID:
case PRIV_VFS_FCHROOT:
case PRIV_VFS_LINK:
case PRIV_VFS_SETGID:
case PRIV_VFS_STICKYFILE:
return (0);
/*
* Depending on the global setting, allow privilege of
* setting system flags.
*/
case PRIV_VFS_SYSFLAGS:
if (jail_chflags_allowed)
return (0);
else
return (EPERM);
/*
* Allow jailed root to bind reserved ports.
*/
case PRIV_NETINET_RESERVEDPORT:
return (0);
/*
* Conditionally allow creating raw sockets in jail.
*/
case PRIV_NETINET_RAW:
if (jail_allow_raw_sockets)
return (0);
else
return (EPERM);
/*
* Since jail implements its own visibility limits on netstat
* sysctls, allow getcred. This allows identd to work in
* jail.
*/
case PRIV_NETINET_GETCRED:
return (0);
default:
/*
* In all remaining cases, deny the privilege request. This
* includes almost all network privileges, many system
* configuration privileges.
*/
return (EPERM);
}
}
static int
sysctl_jail_list(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
struct xprison *xp, *sxp;
struct prison *pr;
int count, error;
if (jailed(req->td->td_ucred))
return (0);
retry:
mtx_lock(&allprison_mtx);
count = prisoncount;
mtx_unlock(&allprison_mtx);
if (count == 0)
return (0);
sxp = xp = malloc(sizeof(*xp) * count, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
mtx_lock(&allprison_mtx);
if (count != prisoncount) {
mtx_unlock(&allprison_mtx);
free(sxp, M_TEMP);
goto retry;
}
LIST_FOREACH(pr, &allprison, pr_list) {
mtx_lock(&pr->pr_mtx);
xp->pr_version = XPRISON_VERSION;
xp->pr_id = pr->pr_id;
strlcpy(xp->pr_path, pr->pr_path, sizeof(xp->pr_path));
strlcpy(xp->pr_host, pr->pr_host, sizeof(xp->pr_host));
xp->pr_ip = pr->pr_ip;
mtx_unlock(&pr->pr_mtx);
xp++;
}
mtx_unlock(&allprison_mtx);
error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, sxp, sizeof(*sxp) * count);
free(sxp, M_TEMP);
if (error)
return (error);
return (0);
}
SYSCTL_OID(_security_jail, OID_AUTO, list, CTLTYPE_STRUCT | CTLFLAG_RD,
NULL, 0, sysctl_jail_list, "S", "List of active jails");
static int
sysctl_jail_jailed(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
int error, injail;
injail = jailed(req->td->td_ucred);
error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &injail, sizeof(injail));
return (error);
}
SYSCTL_PROC(_security_jail, OID_AUTO, jailed, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RD,
NULL, 0, sysctl_jail_jailed, "I", "Process in jail?");
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