304 lines
9.6 KiB
Groff
304 lines
9.6 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1988, 1990, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)more.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/18/94
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.\"
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.Dd April 18, 1994
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.Dt MORE 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm more
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.Nd file perusal filter for crt viewing
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm more
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.Op Fl ceinus
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.Op Fl t Ar tag
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.Op Fl x Ar tabs
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.Op Fl / Ar pattern
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.Op Fl #
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.Op Ar
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm More
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is a filter for paging through text one screenful at a time. It
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uses
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.Xr termcap 3
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so it can run on a variety of terminals. There is even limited support
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for hardcopy terminals. (On a hardcopy terminal, lines which should be
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printed at the top of the screen are prefixed with an up-arrow.)
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.Ar File
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may be a single dash (``-''), implying stdin.
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.Sh OPTIONS
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Command line options are described below.
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Options are also taken from the environment variable
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.Ev MORE
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(make sure to precede them with a dash (``-'')) but command
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line options will override them.
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.Bl -tag -width flag
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.It Fl c
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Normally,
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.Nm more
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will repaint the screen by scrolling from the bottom of the screen.
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If the
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.Fl c
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option is set, when
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.Nm more
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needs to change the entire display, it will paint from the top line down.
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.It Fl e
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Normally, if displaying a single file,
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.Nm more
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exits as soon as it reaches end-of-file. The
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.Fl e
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option tells more to
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exit if it reaches end-of-file twice without an intervening operation.
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If the file is shorter than a single screen
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.Nm more
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will exit at end-of-file regardless.
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.It Fl i
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The
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.Fl i
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option causes searches to ignore case; that is,
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uppercase and lowercase are considered identical.
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.It Fl n
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The
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.Fl n
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flag suppresses line numbers.
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The default (to use line numbers) may cause
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.Nm more
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to run more slowly in some cases, especially with a very large input file.
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Suppressing line numbers with the
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.Fl n
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flag will avoid this problem.
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Using line numbers means: the line number will be displayed in the
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.Cm =
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command, and the
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.Cm v
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command will pass the current line number to the editor.
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.It Fl s
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The
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.Fl s
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option causes
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consecutive blank lines to be squeezed into a single blank line.
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.It Fl t
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The
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.Fl t
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option, followed immediately by a tag, will edit the file
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containing that tag. For more information, see the
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.Xr ctags 1
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command.
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.It Fl u
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By default,
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.Nm more
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treats backspaces and
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.Dv CR-LF
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sequences specially. Backspaces which appear
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adjacent to an underscore character are displayed as underlined text.
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Backspaces which appear between two identical characters are displayed
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as emboldened text.
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.Dv CR-LF
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sequences are compressed to a single linefeed
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character. The
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.Fl u
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option causes backspaces to always be displayed as
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control characters, i.e. as the two character sequence ``^H'', and
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.Dv CR-LF
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to be left alone.
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.It Fl x
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The
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.Fl x
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option sets tab stops every
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.Ar N
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positions. The default for
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.Ar N
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is 8.
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.It Fl /
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The
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.Fl /
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option specifies a string that will be searched for before
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each file is displayed.
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.Sh COMMANDS
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Interactive commands for
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.Nm more
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are based on
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.Xr vi 1 .
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Some commands may be preceded by a decimal number, called N in the
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descriptions below.
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In the following descriptions, ^X means control-X.
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Ic
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.It Ic h
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Help: display a summary of these commands.
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If you forget all the other commands, remember this one.
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.It Xo
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.Ic SPACE
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.No or
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.Ic f
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.No or
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.Ic \&^F
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.Xc
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Scroll forward N lines, default one window.
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If N is more than the screen size, only the final screenful is displayed.
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.It Ic b No or Ic \&^B
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Scroll backward N lines, default one window (see option -z below).
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If N is more than the screen size, only the final screenful is displayed.
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.It Ic j No or Ic RETURN
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Scroll forward N lines, default 1.
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The entire N lines are displayed, even if N is more than the screen size.
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.It Ic k
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Scroll backward N lines, default 1.
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The entire N lines are displayed, even if N is more than the screen size.
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.It Ic d No or Ic \&^D
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Scroll forward N lines, default one half of the screen size.
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If N is specified, it becomes the new default for
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subsequent d and u commands.
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.It Ic u No or Ic \&^U
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Scroll backward N lines, default one half of the screen size.
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If N is specified, it becomes the new default for
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subsequent d and u commands.
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.It Ic g
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Go to line N in the file, default 1 (beginning of file).
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.It Ic G
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Go to line N in the file, default the end of the file.
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.It Ic p No or Ic \&%
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Go to a position N percent into the file. N should be between 0
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and 100. (This works if standard input is being read, but only if
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.Nm more
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has already read to the end of the file. It is always fast, but
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not always useful.)
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.It Ic r No or Ic \&^L
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Repaint the screen.
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.It Ic R
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Repaint the screen, discarding any buffered input.
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Useful if the file is changing while it is being viewed.
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.It Ic m
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Followed by any lowercase letter,
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marks the current position with that letter.
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.It Ic \&'
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(Single quote.)
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Followed by any lowercase letter, returns to the position which
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was previously marked with that letter.
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Followed by another single quote, returns to the position at
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which the last "large" movement command was executed, or the
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beginning of the file if no such movements have occurred.
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All marks are lost when a new file is examined.
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.It Ic \&/ Ns Ar pattern
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Search forward in the file for the N-th line containing the pattern.
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N defaults to 1.
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The pattern is a POSIX.2
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.Dq extended format
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regular expression, as described in
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.Xr re_format 7 .
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The search starts at the second line displayed.
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.It Ic \&? Ns Ar pattern
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Search backward in the file for the N-th line containing the pattern.
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The search starts at the line immediately before the top line displayed.
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.It Ic \&/\&! Ns Ar pattern
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Like /, but the search is for the N-th line
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which does NOT contain the pattern.
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.It Ic \&?\&! Ns Ar pattern
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Like ?, but the search is for the N-th line
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which does NOT contain the pattern.
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.It Ic n
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Repeat previous search, for N-th line containing the last pattern
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(or
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.Tn NOT
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containing the last pattern, if the previous search
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was /! or ?!).
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.It Ic E Ns Op Ar filename
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Examine a new file.
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If the filename is missing, the "current" file (see the N and P commands
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below) from the list of files in the command line is re-examined.
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If the filename is a pound sign (#), the previously examined file is
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re-examined.
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.It Ic N No or Ic \&:n
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Examine the next file (from the list of files given in the command line).
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If a number N is specified (not to be confused with the command N),
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the N-th next file is examined.
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.It Ic P No or Ic \&:p
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Examine the previous file.
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If a number N is specified, the N-th previous file is examined.
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.It Ic \&:t
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Go to supplied tag.
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.It Ic v
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Invokes an editor to edit the current file being viewed.
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The editor is taken from the environment variable
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.Ev EDITOR ,
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or defaults to
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.Xr vi 1 .
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.It Ic \&= No or Ic \&^G
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These options print out the number of the file currently being displayed
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relative to the total number of files there are to display, the current
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line number, the current byte number and the total bytes to display, and
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what percentage of the file has been displayed. If
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.Nm more
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is reading from stdin, or the file is shorter than a single screen, some
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of these items may not be available. Note, all of these items reference
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the first byte of the last line displayed on the screen.
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.It Xo
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.Ic q
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.No or
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.Ic \&:q
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.No or
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.Ic ZZ
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.Xc
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Exits
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.Nm more .
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.El
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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.Nm More
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utilizes the following environment variables, if they exist:
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.Bl -tag -width Fl
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.It Ev MORE
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This variable may be set with favored options to
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.Nm more .
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.It Ev EDITOR
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Specify default editor.
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.It Ev SHELL
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Current shell in use (normally set by the shell at login time).
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.It Ev TERM
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Specifies terminal type, used by more to get the terminal
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characteristics necessary to manipulate the screen.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ctags 1 ,
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.Xr vi 1
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.Sh BUGS
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Incorrect output can result from omitting the -u flag when accessing regular
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files with CRLF line termination.
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.Sh AUTHOR
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This software is derived from software contributed to Berkeley
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by Mark Nudleman.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm more
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command appeared in
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.Bx 3.0 .
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