407 lines
15 KiB
Groff
407 lines
15 KiB
Groff
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.\" ======================================================================
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.\"
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.IX Title "EVP_DigestInit 3"
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.TH EVP_DigestInit 3 "0.9.7" "2003-01-13" "OpenSSL"
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.UC
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.SH "NAME"
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EVP_MD_CTX_init, EVP_MD_CTX_create, EVP_DigestInit_ex, EVP_DigestUpdate,
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EVP_DigestFinal_ex, EVP_MD_CTX_cleanup, EVP_MD_CTX_destroy, \s-1EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE\s0,
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EVP_MD_CTX_copy_ex EVP_MD_CTX_copy, EVP_MD_type, EVP_MD_pkey_type, EVP_MD_size,
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EVP_MD_block_size, EVP_MD_CTX_md, EVP_MD_CTX_size, EVP_MD_CTX_block_size, EVP_MD_CTX_type,
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EVP_md_null, EVP_md2, EVP_md5, EVP_sha, EVP_sha1, EVP_dss, EVP_dss1, EVP_mdc2,
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EVP_ripemd160, EVP_get_digestbyname, EVP_get_digestbynid, EVP_get_digestbyobj \-
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\&\s-1EVP\s0 digest routines
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
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.Vb 1
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\& #include <openssl/evp.h>
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.Ve
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.Vb 2
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\& void EVP_MD_CTX_init(EVP_MD_CTX *ctx);
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\& EVP_MD_CTX *EVP_MD_CTX_create(void);
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.Ve
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.Vb 4
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\& int EVP_DigestInit_ex(EVP_MD_CTX *ctx, const EVP_MD *type, ENGINE *impl);
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\& int EVP_DigestUpdate(EVP_MD_CTX *ctx, const void *d, unsigned int cnt);
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\& int EVP_DigestFinal_ex(EVP_MD_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *md,
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\& unsigned int *s);
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.Ve
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.Vb 2
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\& int EVP_MD_CTX_cleanup(EVP_MD_CTX *ctx);
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\& void EVP_MD_CTX_destroy(EVP_MD_CTX *ctx);
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.Ve
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.Vb 1
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\& int EVP_MD_CTX_copy_ex(EVP_MD_CTX *out,const EVP_MD_CTX *in);
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.Ve
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.Vb 3
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\& int EVP_DigestInit(EVP_MD_CTX *ctx, const EVP_MD *type);
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\& int EVP_DigestFinal(EVP_MD_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *md,
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\& unsigned int *s);
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.Ve
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.Vb 1
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\& int EVP_MD_CTX_copy(EVP_MD_CTX *out,EVP_MD_CTX *in);
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.Ve
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.Vb 1
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\& #define EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE (16+20) /* The SSLv3 md5+sha1 type */
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.Ve
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.Vb 4
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\& #define EVP_MD_type(e) ((e)->type)
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\& #define EVP_MD_pkey_type(e) ((e)->pkey_type)
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\& #define EVP_MD_size(e) ((e)->md_size)
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\& #define EVP_MD_block_size(e) ((e)->block_size)
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.Ve
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.Vb 4
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\& #define EVP_MD_CTX_md(e) (e)->digest)
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\& #define EVP_MD_CTX_size(e) EVP_MD_size((e)->digest)
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\& #define EVP_MD_CTX_block_size(e) EVP_MD_block_size((e)->digest)
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\& #define EVP_MD_CTX_type(e) EVP_MD_type((e)->digest)
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.Ve
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.Vb 9
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\& const EVP_MD *EVP_md_null(void);
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\& const EVP_MD *EVP_md2(void);
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\& const EVP_MD *EVP_md5(void);
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\& const EVP_MD *EVP_sha(void);
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\& const EVP_MD *EVP_sha1(void);
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\& const EVP_MD *EVP_dss(void);
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\& const EVP_MD *EVP_dss1(void);
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\& const EVP_MD *EVP_mdc2(void);
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\& const EVP_MD *EVP_ripemd160(void);
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.Ve
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.Vb 3
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\& const EVP_MD *EVP_get_digestbyname(const char *name);
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\& #define EVP_get_digestbynid(a) EVP_get_digestbyname(OBJ_nid2sn(a))
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\& #define EVP_get_digestbyobj(a) EVP_get_digestbynid(OBJ_obj2nid(a))
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.Ve
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
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The \s-1EVP\s0 digest routines are a high level interface to message digests.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_init()\fR initializes digest contet \fBctx\fR.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_create()\fR allocates, initializes and returns a digest contet.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_DigestInit_ex()\fR sets up digest context \fBctx\fR to use a digest
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\&\fBtype\fR from \s-1ENGINE\s0 \fBimpl\fR. \fBctx\fR must be initialized before calling this
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function. \fBtype\fR will typically be supplied by a functionsuch as \fIEVP_sha1()\fR.
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If \fBimpl\fR is \s-1NULL\s0 then the default implementation of digest \fBtype\fR is used.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_DigestUpdate()\fR hashes \fBcnt\fR bytes of data at \fBd\fR into the
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digest context \fBctx\fR. This function can be called several times on the
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same \fBctx\fR to hash additional data.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_DigestFinal_ex()\fR retrieves the digest value from \fBctx\fR and places
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it in \fBmd\fR. If the \fBs\fR parameter is not \s-1NULL\s0 then the number of
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bytes of data written (i.e. the length of the digest) will be written
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to the integer at \fBs\fR, at most \fB\s-1EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE\s0\fR bytes will be written.
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After calling \fIEVP_DigestFinal_ex()\fR no additional calls to \fIEVP_DigestUpdate()\fR
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can be made, but \fIEVP_DigestInit_ex()\fR can be called to initialize a new
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digest operation.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_cleanup()\fR cleans up digest context \fBctx\fR, it should be called
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after a digest context is no longer needed.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_destroy()\fR cleans up digest context \fBctx\fR and frees up the
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space allocated to it, it should be called only on a context created
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using \fIEVP_MD_CTX_create()\fR.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_copy_ex()\fR can be used to copy the message digest state from
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\&\fBin\fR to \fBout\fR. This is useful if large amounts of data are to be
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hashed which only differ in the last few bytes. \fBout\fR must be initialized
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before calling this function.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_DigestInit()\fR behaves in the same way as \fIEVP_DigestInit_ex()\fR except
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the passed context \fBctx\fR does not have to be initialized, and it always
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uses the default digest implementation.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_DigestFinal()\fR is similar to \fIEVP_DigestFinal_ex()\fR except the digest
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contet \fBctx\fR is automatically cleaned up.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_copy()\fR is similar to \fIEVP_MD_CTX_copy_ex()\fR except the destination
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\&\fBout\fR does not have to be initialized.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_size()\fR and \fIEVP_MD_CTX_size()\fR return the size of the message digest
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when passed an \fB\s-1EVP_MD\s0\fR or an \fB\s-1EVP_MD_CTX\s0\fR structure, i.e. the size of the
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hash.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_block_size()\fR and \fIEVP_MD_CTX_block_size()\fR return the block size of the
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message digest when passed an \fB\s-1EVP_MD\s0\fR or an \fB\s-1EVP_MD_CTX\s0\fR structure.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_type()\fR and \fIEVP_MD_CTX_type()\fR return the \s-1NID\s0 of the \s-1OBJECT\s0 \s-1IDENTIFIER\s0
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representing the given message digest when passed an \fB\s-1EVP_MD\s0\fR structure.
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For example EVP_MD_type(\fIEVP_sha1()\fR) returns \fBNID_sha1\fR. This function is
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normally used when setting \s-1ASN1\s0 OIDs.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_md()\fR returns the \fB\s-1EVP_MD\s0\fR structure corresponding to the passed
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\&\fB\s-1EVP_MD_CTX\s0\fR.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_pkey_type()\fR returns the \s-1NID\s0 of the public key signing algorithm associated
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with this digest. For example \fIEVP_sha1()\fR is associated with \s-1RSA\s0 so this will
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return \fBNID_sha1WithRSAEncryption\fR. This \*(L"link\*(R" between digests and signature
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algorithms may not be retained in future versions of OpenSSL.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_md2()\fR, \fIEVP_md5()\fR, \fIEVP_sha()\fR, \fIEVP_sha1()\fR, \fIEVP_mdc2()\fR and \fIEVP_ripemd160()\fR
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return \fB\s-1EVP_MD\s0\fR structures for the \s-1MD2\s0, \s-1MD5\s0, \s-1SHA\s0, \s-1SHA1\s0, \s-1MDC2\s0 and \s-1RIPEMD160\s0 digest
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algorithms respectively. The associated signature algorithm is \s-1RSA\s0 in each case.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_dss()\fR and \fIEVP_dss1()\fR return \fB\s-1EVP_MD\s0\fR structures for \s-1SHA\s0 and \s-1SHA1\s0 digest
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algorithms but using \s-1DSS\s0 (\s-1DSA\s0) for the signature algorithm.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_md_null()\fR is a \*(L"null\*(R" message digest that does nothing: i.e. the hash it
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returns is of zero length.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_get_digestbyname()\fR, \fIEVP_get_digestbynid()\fR and \fIEVP_get_digestbyobj()\fR
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return an \fB\s-1EVP_MD\s0\fR structure when passed a digest name, a digest \s-1NID\s0 or
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an \s-1ASN1_OBJECT\s0 structure respectively. The digest table must be initialized
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using, for example, \fIOpenSSL_add_all_digests()\fR for these functions to work.
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.SH "RETURN VALUES"
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.IX Header "RETURN VALUES"
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\&\fIEVP_DigestInit_ex()\fR, \fIEVP_DigestUpdate()\fR and \fIEVP_DigestFinal_ex()\fR return 1 for
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success and 0 for failure.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_copy_ex()\fR returns 1 if successful or 0 for failure.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_type()\fR, \fIEVP_MD_pkey_type()\fR and \fIEVP_MD_type()\fR return the \s-1NID\s0 of the
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corresponding \s-1OBJECT\s0 \s-1IDENTIFIER\s0 or NID_undef if none exists.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_MD_size()\fR, \fIEVP_MD_block_size()\fR, \fIEVP_MD_CTX_size\fR\|(e), \fIEVP_MD_size()\fR,
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\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_block_size()\fR and \fIEVP_MD_block_size()\fR return the digest or block
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size in bytes.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_md_null()\fR, \fIEVP_md2()\fR, \fIEVP_md5()\fR, \fIEVP_sha()\fR, \fIEVP_sha1()\fR, \fIEVP_dss()\fR,
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\&\fIEVP_dss1()\fR, \fIEVP_mdc2()\fR and \fIEVP_ripemd160()\fR return pointers to the
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corresponding \s-1EVP_MD\s0 structures.
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.PP
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\&\fIEVP_get_digestbyname()\fR, \fIEVP_get_digestbynid()\fR and \fIEVP_get_digestbyobj()\fR
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return either an \fB\s-1EVP_MD\s0\fR structure or \s-1NULL\s0 if an error occurs.
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.SH "NOTES"
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.IX Header "NOTES"
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The \fB\s-1EVP\s0\fR interface to message digests should almost always be used in
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preference to the low level interfaces. This is because the code then becomes
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transparent to the digest used and much more flexible.
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.PP
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\&\s-1SHA1\s0 is the digest of choice for new applications. The other digest algorithms
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are still in common use.
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.PP
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For most applications the \fBimpl\fR parameter to \fIEVP_DigestInit_ex()\fR will be
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set to \s-1NULL\s0 to use the default digest implementation.
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.PP
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The functions \fIEVP_DigestInit()\fR, \fIEVP_DigestFinal()\fR and \fIEVP_MD_CTX_copy()\fR are
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obsolete but are retained to maintain compatibility with existing code. New
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applications should use \fIEVP_DigestInit_ex()\fR, \fIEVP_DigestFinal_ex()\fR and
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\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_copy_ex()\fR because they can efficiently reuse a digest context
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instead of initializing and cleaning it up on each call and allow non default
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implementations of digests to be specified.
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.PP
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In OpenSSL 0.9.7 and later if digest contexts are not cleaned up after use
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memory leaks will occur.
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.SH "EXAMPLE"
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.IX Header "EXAMPLE"
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This example digests the data \*(L"Test Message\en\*(R" and \*(L"Hello World\en\*(R", using the
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digest name passed on the command line.
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.PP
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.Vb 2
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\& #include <stdio.h>
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\& #include <openssl/evp.h>
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.Ve
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.Vb 8
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\& main(int argc, char *argv[])
|
|
\& {
|
|
\& EVP_MD_CTX mdctx;
|
|
\& const EVP_MD *md;
|
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\& char mess1[] = "Test Message\en";
|
|
\& char mess2[] = "Hello World\en";
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|
\& unsigned char md_value[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];
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|
\& int md_len, i;
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& OpenSSL_add_all_digests();
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|
.Ve
|
|
.Vb 4
|
|
\& if(!argv[1]) {
|
|
\& printf("Usage: mdtest digestname\en");
|
|
\& exit(1);
|
|
\& }
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& md = EVP_get_digestbyname(argv[1]);
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Vb 4
|
|
\& if(!md) {
|
|
\& printf("Unknown message digest %s\en", argv[1]);
|
|
\& exit(1);
|
|
\& }
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Vb 6
|
|
\& EVP_MD_CTX_init(&mdctx);
|
|
\& EVP_DigestInit_ex(&mdctx, md, NULL);
|
|
\& EVP_DigestUpdate(&mdctx, mess1, strlen(mess1));
|
|
\& EVP_DigestUpdate(&mdctx, mess2, strlen(mess2));
|
|
\& EVP_DigestFinal_ex(&mdctx, md_value, &md_len);
|
|
\& EVP_MD_CTX_cleanup(&mdctx);
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.Vb 4
|
|
\& printf("Digest is: ");
|
|
\& for(i = 0; i < md_len; i++) printf("%02x", md_value[i]);
|
|
\& printf("\en");
|
|
\& }
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.SH "BUGS"
|
|
.IX Header "BUGS"
|
|
The link between digests and signing algorithms results in a situation where
|
|
\&\fIEVP_sha1()\fR must be used with \s-1RSA\s0 and \fIEVP_dss1()\fR must be used with \s-1DSS\s0
|
|
even though they are identical digests.
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
|
|
evp(3), hmac(3), md2(3),
|
|
md5(3), mdc2(3), ripemd(3),
|
|
sha(3), dgst(1)
|
|
.SH "HISTORY"
|
|
.IX Header "HISTORY"
|
|
\&\fIEVP_DigestInit()\fR, \fIEVP_DigestUpdate()\fR and \fIEVP_DigestFinal()\fR are
|
|
available in all versions of SSLeay and OpenSSL.
|
|
.PP
|
|
\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_init()\fR, \fIEVP_MD_CTX_create()\fR, \fIEVP_MD_CTX_copy_ex()\fR,
|
|
\&\fIEVP_MD_CTX_cleanup()\fR, \fIEVP_MD_CTX_destroy()\fR, \fIEVP_DigestInit_ex()\fR
|
|
and \fIEVP_DigestFinal_ex()\fR were added in OpenSSL 0.9.7.
|
|
.PP
|
|
\&\fIEVP_md_null()\fR, \fIEVP_md2()\fR, \fIEVP_md5()\fR, \fIEVP_sha()\fR, \fIEVP_sha1()\fR,
|
|
\&\fIEVP_dss()\fR, \fIEVP_dss1()\fR, \fIEVP_mdc2()\fR and \fIEVP_ripemd160()\fR were
|
|
changed to return truely const \s-1EVP_MD\s0 * in OpenSSL 0.9.7.
|