freebsd-skq/sys/powerpc/ps3/ps3bus.c
2020-09-01 21:20:08 +00:00

767 lines
20 KiB
C

/*-
* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
*
* Copyright (C) 2010 Nathan Whitehorn
* Copyright (C) 2011 glevand (geoffrey.levand@mail.ru)
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL TOOLS GMBH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
* OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
* WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
* OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
* ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/module.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/bus.h>
#include <sys/clock.h>
#include <sys/cpu.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/mutex.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/rman.h>
#include <vm/vm.h>
#include <vm/pmap.h>
#include <machine/bus.h>
#include <machine/platform.h>
#include <machine/resource.h>
#include "ps3bus.h"
#include "ps3-hvcall.h"
#include "iommu_if.h"
#include "clock_if.h"
static void ps3bus_identify(driver_t *, device_t);
static int ps3bus_probe(device_t);
static int ps3bus_attach(device_t);
static int ps3bus_print_child(device_t dev, device_t child);
static int ps3bus_read_ivar(device_t bus, device_t child, int which,
uintptr_t *result);
static struct resource *ps3bus_alloc_resource(device_t bus, device_t child,
int type, int *rid, rman_res_t start, rman_res_t end,
rman_res_t count, u_int flags);
static int ps3bus_activate_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type,
int rid, struct resource *res);
static bus_dma_tag_t ps3bus_get_dma_tag(device_t dev, device_t child);
static int ps3_iommu_map(device_t dev, bus_dma_segment_t *segs, int *nsegs, bus_addr_t min, bus_addr_t max, bus_size_t alignment,
bus_addr_t boundary, void *cookie);
static int ps3_iommu_unmap(device_t dev, bus_dma_segment_t *segs,
int nsegs, void *cookie);
static int ps3_gettime(device_t dev, struct timespec *ts);
static int ps3_settime(device_t dev, struct timespec *ts);
struct ps3bus_devinfo {
int bus;
int dev;
uint64_t bustype;
uint64_t devtype;
int busidx;
int devidx;
struct resource_list resources;
bus_dma_tag_t dma_tag;
struct mtx iommu_mtx;
bus_addr_t dma_base[4];
};
static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PS3BUS, "ps3bus", "PS3 system bus device information");
enum ps3bus_irq_type {
SB_IRQ = 2,
OHCI_IRQ = 3,
EHCI_IRQ = 4,
};
enum ps3bus_reg_type {
OHCI_REG = 3,
EHCI_REG = 4,
};
static device_method_t ps3bus_methods[] = {
/* Device interface */
DEVMETHOD(device_identify, ps3bus_identify),
DEVMETHOD(device_probe, ps3bus_probe),
DEVMETHOD(device_attach, ps3bus_attach),
/* Bus interface */
DEVMETHOD(bus_add_child, bus_generic_add_child),
DEVMETHOD(bus_get_dma_tag, ps3bus_get_dma_tag),
DEVMETHOD(bus_print_child, ps3bus_print_child),
DEVMETHOD(bus_read_ivar, ps3bus_read_ivar),
DEVMETHOD(bus_alloc_resource, ps3bus_alloc_resource),
DEVMETHOD(bus_activate_resource, ps3bus_activate_resource),
DEVMETHOD(bus_setup_intr, bus_generic_setup_intr),
DEVMETHOD(bus_teardown_intr, bus_generic_teardown_intr),
/* IOMMU interface */
DEVMETHOD(iommu_map, ps3_iommu_map),
DEVMETHOD(iommu_unmap, ps3_iommu_unmap),
/* Clock interface */
DEVMETHOD(clock_gettime, ps3_gettime),
DEVMETHOD(clock_settime, ps3_settime),
DEVMETHOD_END
};
struct ps3bus_softc {
struct rman sc_mem_rman;
struct rman sc_intr_rman;
struct mem_region *regions;
int rcount;
};
static driver_t ps3bus_driver = {
"ps3bus",
ps3bus_methods,
sizeof(struct ps3bus_softc)
};
static devclass_t ps3bus_devclass;
DRIVER_MODULE(ps3bus, nexus, ps3bus_driver, ps3bus_devclass, 0, 0);
static void
ps3bus_identify(driver_t *driver, device_t parent)
{
if (strcmp(installed_platform(), "ps3") != 0)
return;
if (device_find_child(parent, "ps3bus", -1) == NULL)
BUS_ADD_CHILD(parent, 0, "ps3bus", 0);
}
static int
ps3bus_probe(device_t dev)
{
/* Do not attach to any OF nodes that may be present */
device_set_desc(dev, "Playstation 3 System Bus");
return (BUS_PROBE_NOWILDCARD);
}
static void
ps3bus_resources_init(struct rman *rm, int bus_index, int dev_index,
struct ps3bus_devinfo *dinfo)
{
uint64_t irq_type, irq, outlet;
uint64_t reg_type, paddr, len;
uint64_t ppe, junk;
int i, result;
int thread;
resource_list_init(&dinfo->resources);
lv1_get_logical_ppe_id(&ppe);
thread = 32 - fls(mfctrl());
/* Scan for interrupts */
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("dev") | dev_index,
lv1_repository_string("intr") | i, 0, &irq_type, &irq);
if (result != 0)
break;
switch (irq_type) {
case SB_IRQ:
lv1_construct_event_receive_port(&outlet);
lv1_connect_irq_plug_ext(ppe, thread, outlet, outlet,
0);
lv1_connect_interrupt_event_receive_port(dinfo->bus,
dinfo->dev, outlet, irq);
break;
case OHCI_IRQ:
case EHCI_IRQ:
lv1_construct_io_irq_outlet(irq, &outlet);
lv1_connect_irq_plug_ext(ppe, thread, outlet, outlet,
0);
break;
default:
printf("Unknown IRQ type %ld for device %d.%d\n",
irq_type, dinfo->bus, dinfo->dev);
break;
}
resource_list_add(&dinfo->resources, SYS_RES_IRQ, i,
outlet, outlet, 1);
}
/* Scan for registers */
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("dev") | dev_index,
lv1_repository_string("reg") | i,
lv1_repository_string("type"), &reg_type, &junk);
if (result != 0)
break;
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("dev") | dev_index,
lv1_repository_string("reg") | i,
lv1_repository_string("data"), &paddr, &len);
result = lv1_map_device_mmio_region(dinfo->bus, dinfo->dev,
paddr, len, 12 /* log_2(4 KB) */, &paddr);
if (result != 0) {
printf("Mapping registers failed for device "
"%d.%d (%ld.%ld): %d\n", dinfo->bus, dinfo->dev,
dinfo->bustype, dinfo->devtype, result);
continue;
}
rman_manage_region(rm, paddr, paddr + len - 1);
resource_list_add(&dinfo->resources, SYS_RES_MEMORY, i,
paddr, paddr + len, len);
}
}
static void
ps3bus_resources_init_by_type(struct rman *rm, int bus_index, int dev_index,
uint64_t irq_type, uint64_t reg_type, struct ps3bus_devinfo *dinfo)
{
uint64_t _irq_type, irq, outlet;
uint64_t _reg_type, paddr, len;
uint64_t ppe, junk;
int i, result;
int thread;
resource_list_init(&dinfo->resources);
lv1_get_logical_ppe_id(&ppe);
thread = 32 - fls(mfctrl());
/* Scan for interrupts */
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("dev") | dev_index,
lv1_repository_string("intr") | i, 0, &_irq_type, &irq);
if (result != 0)
break;
if (_irq_type != irq_type)
continue;
lv1_construct_io_irq_outlet(irq, &outlet);
lv1_connect_irq_plug_ext(ppe, thread, outlet, outlet,
0);
resource_list_add(&dinfo->resources, SYS_RES_IRQ, i,
outlet, outlet, 1);
}
/* Scan for registers */
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("dev") | dev_index,
lv1_repository_string("reg") | i,
lv1_repository_string("type"), &_reg_type, &junk);
if (result != 0)
break;
if (_reg_type != reg_type)
continue;
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("dev") | dev_index,
lv1_repository_string("reg") | i,
lv1_repository_string("data"), &paddr, &len);
result = lv1_map_device_mmio_region(dinfo->bus, dinfo->dev,
paddr, len, 12 /* log_2(4 KB) */, &paddr);
if (result != 0) {
printf("Mapping registers failed for device "
"%d.%d (%ld.%ld): %d\n", dinfo->bus, dinfo->dev,
dinfo->bustype, dinfo->devtype, result);
break;
}
rman_manage_region(rm, paddr, paddr + len - 1);
resource_list_add(&dinfo->resources, SYS_RES_MEMORY, i,
paddr, paddr + len, len);
}
}
static int
ps3bus_attach(device_t self)
{
struct ps3bus_softc *sc;
struct ps3bus_devinfo *dinfo;
int bus_index, dev_index, result;
uint64_t bustype, bus, devs;
uint64_t dev, devtype;
uint64_t junk;
device_t cdev;
sc = device_get_softc(self);
sc->sc_mem_rman.rm_type = RMAN_ARRAY;
sc->sc_mem_rman.rm_descr = "PS3Bus Memory Mapped I/O";
sc->sc_intr_rman.rm_type = RMAN_ARRAY;
sc->sc_intr_rman.rm_descr = "PS3Bus Interrupts";
rman_init(&sc->sc_mem_rman);
rman_init(&sc->sc_intr_rman);
rman_manage_region(&sc->sc_intr_rman, 0, ~0);
/* Get memory regions for DMA */
mem_regions(&sc->regions, &sc->rcount, NULL, NULL);
/*
* Probe all the PS3's buses.
*/
for (bus_index = 0; bus_index < 5; bus_index++) {
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("type"), 0, 0, &bustype, &junk);
if (result != 0)
continue;
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("id"), 0, 0, &bus, &junk);
if (result != 0)
continue;
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("num_dev"), 0, 0, &devs, &junk);
for (dev_index = 0; dev_index < devs; dev_index++) {
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("dev") | dev_index,
lv1_repository_string("type"), 0, &devtype, &junk);
if (result != 0)
continue;
result = lv1_get_repository_node_value(PS3_LPAR_ID_PME,
(lv1_repository_string("bus") >> 32) | bus_index,
lv1_repository_string("dev") | dev_index,
lv1_repository_string("id"), 0, &dev, &junk);
if (result != 0)
continue;
switch (devtype) {
case PS3_DEVTYPE_USB:
/* USB device has OHCI and EHCI USB host controllers */
lv1_open_device(bus, dev, 0);
/* OHCI host controller */
dinfo = malloc(sizeof(*dinfo), M_PS3BUS,
M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
dinfo->bus = bus;
dinfo->dev = dev;
dinfo->bustype = bustype;
dinfo->devtype = devtype;
dinfo->busidx = bus_index;
dinfo->devidx = dev_index;
ps3bus_resources_init_by_type(&sc->sc_mem_rman, bus_index,
dev_index, OHCI_IRQ, OHCI_REG, dinfo);
cdev = device_add_child(self, "ohci", -1);
if (cdev == NULL) {
device_printf(self,
"device_add_child failed\n");
free(dinfo, M_PS3BUS);
continue;
}
mtx_init(&dinfo->iommu_mtx, "iommu", NULL, MTX_DEF);
device_set_ivars(cdev, dinfo);
/* EHCI host controller */
dinfo = malloc(sizeof(*dinfo), M_PS3BUS,
M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
dinfo->bus = bus;
dinfo->dev = dev;
dinfo->bustype = bustype;
dinfo->devtype = devtype;
dinfo->busidx = bus_index;
dinfo->devidx = dev_index;
ps3bus_resources_init_by_type(&sc->sc_mem_rman, bus_index,
dev_index, EHCI_IRQ, EHCI_REG, dinfo);
cdev = device_add_child(self, "ehci", -1);
if (cdev == NULL) {
device_printf(self,
"device_add_child failed\n");
free(dinfo, M_PS3BUS);
continue;
}
mtx_init(&dinfo->iommu_mtx, "iommu", NULL, MTX_DEF);
device_set_ivars(cdev, dinfo);
break;
default:
dinfo = malloc(sizeof(*dinfo), M_PS3BUS,
M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
dinfo->bus = bus;
dinfo->dev = dev;
dinfo->bustype = bustype;
dinfo->devtype = devtype;
dinfo->busidx = bus_index;
dinfo->devidx = dev_index;
if (dinfo->bustype == PS3_BUSTYPE_SYSBUS ||
dinfo->bustype == PS3_BUSTYPE_STORAGE)
lv1_open_device(bus, dev, 0);
ps3bus_resources_init(&sc->sc_mem_rman, bus_index,
dev_index, dinfo);
cdev = device_add_child(self, NULL, -1);
if (cdev == NULL) {
device_printf(self,
"device_add_child failed\n");
free(dinfo, M_PS3BUS);
continue;
}
mtx_init(&dinfo->iommu_mtx, "iommu", NULL, MTX_DEF);
device_set_ivars(cdev, dinfo);
}
}
}
clock_register(self, 1000);
return (bus_generic_attach(self));
}
static int
ps3bus_print_child(device_t dev, device_t child)
{
struct ps3bus_devinfo *dinfo = device_get_ivars(child);
int retval = 0;
retval += bus_print_child_header(dev, child);
retval += resource_list_print_type(&dinfo->resources, "mem",
SYS_RES_MEMORY, "%#jx");
retval += resource_list_print_type(&dinfo->resources, "irq",
SYS_RES_IRQ, "%jd");
retval += bus_print_child_footer(dev, child);
return (retval);
}
static int
ps3bus_read_ivar(device_t bus, device_t child, int which, uintptr_t *result)
{
struct ps3bus_devinfo *dinfo = device_get_ivars(child);
switch (which) {
case PS3BUS_IVAR_BUS:
*result = dinfo->bus;
break;
case PS3BUS_IVAR_DEVICE:
*result = dinfo->dev;
break;
case PS3BUS_IVAR_BUSTYPE:
*result = dinfo->bustype;
break;
case PS3BUS_IVAR_DEVTYPE:
*result = dinfo->devtype;
break;
case PS3BUS_IVAR_BUSIDX:
*result = dinfo->busidx;
break;
case PS3BUS_IVAR_DEVIDX:
*result = dinfo->devidx;
break;
default:
return (EINVAL);
}
return (0);
}
static struct resource *
ps3bus_alloc_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type, int *rid,
rman_res_t start, rman_res_t end, rman_res_t count, u_int flags)
{
struct ps3bus_devinfo *dinfo;
struct ps3bus_softc *sc;
int needactivate;
struct resource *rv;
struct rman *rm;
rman_res_t adjstart, adjend, adjcount;
struct resource_list_entry *rle;
sc = device_get_softc(bus);
dinfo = device_get_ivars(child);
needactivate = flags & RF_ACTIVE;
flags &= ~RF_ACTIVE;
switch (type) {
case SYS_RES_MEMORY:
rle = resource_list_find(&dinfo->resources, SYS_RES_MEMORY,
*rid);
if (rle == NULL) {
device_printf(bus, "no rle for %s memory %d\n",
device_get_nameunit(child), *rid);
return (NULL);
}
if (start < rle->start)
adjstart = rle->start;
else if (start > rle->end)
adjstart = rle->end;
else
adjstart = start;
if (end < rle->start)
adjend = rle->start;
else if (end > rle->end)
adjend = rle->end;
else
adjend = end;
adjcount = adjend - adjstart;
rm = &sc->sc_mem_rman;
break;
case SYS_RES_IRQ:
rle = resource_list_find(&dinfo->resources, SYS_RES_IRQ,
*rid);
rm = &sc->sc_intr_rman;
adjstart = rle->start;
adjcount = ulmax(count, rle->count);
adjend = ulmax(rle->end, rle->start + adjcount - 1);
break;
default:
device_printf(bus, "unknown resource request from %s\n",
device_get_nameunit(child));
return (NULL);
}
rv = rman_reserve_resource(rm, adjstart, adjend, adjcount, flags,
child);
if (rv == NULL) {
device_printf(bus,
"failed to reserve resource %#lx - %#lx (%#lx)"
" for %s\n", adjstart, adjend, adjcount,
device_get_nameunit(child));
return (NULL);
}
rman_set_rid(rv, *rid);
if (needactivate) {
if (bus_activate_resource(child, type, *rid, rv) != 0) {
device_printf(bus,
"failed to activate resource for %s\n",
device_get_nameunit(child));
rman_release_resource(rv);
return (NULL);
}
}
return (rv);
}
static int
ps3bus_activate_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type, int rid,
struct resource *res)
{
void *p;
if (type == SYS_RES_IRQ)
return (bus_activate_resource(bus, type, rid, res));
if (type == SYS_RES_MEMORY) {
vm_offset_t start;
start = (vm_offset_t) rman_get_start(res);
if (bootverbose)
printf("ps3 mapdev: start %zx, len %ld\n", start,
rman_get_size(res));
p = pmap_mapdev(start, (vm_size_t) rman_get_size(res));
if (p == NULL)
return (ENOMEM);
rman_set_virtual(res, p);
rman_set_bustag(res, &bs_be_tag);
rman_set_bushandle(res, (rman_res_t)p);
}
return (rman_activate_resource(res));
}
static bus_dma_tag_t
ps3bus_get_dma_tag(device_t dev, device_t child)
{
struct ps3bus_devinfo *dinfo = device_get_ivars(child);
struct ps3bus_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
int i, err, flags, pagesize;
if (dinfo->bustype != PS3_BUSTYPE_SYSBUS &&
dinfo->bustype != PS3_BUSTYPE_STORAGE)
return (bus_get_dma_tag(dev));
mtx_lock(&dinfo->iommu_mtx);
if (dinfo->dma_tag != NULL) {
mtx_unlock(&dinfo->iommu_mtx);
return (dinfo->dma_tag);
}
flags = 0; /* 32-bit mode */
if (dinfo->bustype == PS3_BUSTYPE_SYSBUS &&
dinfo->devtype == PS3_DEVTYPE_USB)
flags = 2; /* 8-bit mode */
pagesize = 24; /* log_2(16 MB) */
if (dinfo->bustype == PS3_BUSTYPE_STORAGE)
pagesize = 12; /* 4 KB */
for (i = 0; i < sc->rcount; i++) {
err = lv1_allocate_device_dma_region(dinfo->bus, dinfo->dev,
sc->regions[i].mr_size, pagesize, flags,
&dinfo->dma_base[i]);
if (err != 0) {
device_printf(child,
"could not allocate DMA region %d: %d\n", i, err);
goto fail;
}
err = lv1_map_device_dma_region(dinfo->bus, dinfo->dev,
sc->regions[i].mr_start, dinfo->dma_base[i],
sc->regions[i].mr_size,
0xf800000000000800UL /* Cell Handbook Figure 7.3.4.1 */);
if (err != 0) {
device_printf(child,
"could not map DMA region %d: %d\n", i, err);
goto fail;
}
}
err = bus_dma_tag_create(bus_get_dma_tag(dev),
1, 0, BUS_SPACE_MAXADDR, BUS_SPACE_MAXADDR,
NULL, NULL, BUS_SPACE_MAXSIZE, 0, BUS_SPACE_MAXSIZE,
0, NULL, NULL, &dinfo->dma_tag);
/*
* Note: storage devices have IOMMU mappings set up by the hypervisor,
* but use physical, non-translated addresses. The above IOMMU
* initialization is necessary for the hypervisor to be able to set up
* the mappings, but actual DMA mappings should not use the IOMMU
* routines.
*/
if (dinfo->bustype != PS3_BUSTYPE_STORAGE)
bus_dma_tag_set_iommu(dinfo->dma_tag, dev, dinfo);
fail:
mtx_unlock(&dinfo->iommu_mtx);
if (err)
return (NULL);
return (dinfo->dma_tag);
}
static int
ps3_iommu_map(device_t dev, bus_dma_segment_t *segs, int *nsegs,
bus_addr_t min, bus_addr_t max, bus_size_t alignment, bus_addr_t boundary,
void *cookie)
{
struct ps3bus_devinfo *dinfo = cookie;
struct ps3bus_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < *nsegs; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < sc->rcount; j++) {
if (segs[i].ds_addr >= sc->regions[j].mr_start &&
segs[i].ds_addr < sc->regions[j].mr_start +
sc->regions[j].mr_size)
break;
}
KASSERT(j < sc->rcount,
("Trying to map address %#lx not in physical memory",
segs[i].ds_addr));
segs[i].ds_addr = dinfo->dma_base[j] +
(segs[i].ds_addr - sc->regions[j].mr_start);
}
return (0);
}
static int
ps3_iommu_unmap(device_t dev, bus_dma_segment_t *segs, int nsegs, void *cookie)
{
return (0);
}
#define Y2K 946684800
static int
ps3_gettime(device_t dev, struct timespec *ts)
{
uint64_t rtc, tb;
int result;
result = lv1_get_rtc(&rtc, &tb);
if (result)
return (result);
ts->tv_sec = rtc + Y2K;
ts->tv_nsec = 0;
return (0);
}
static int
ps3_settime(device_t dev, struct timespec *ts)
{
return (-1);
}