955 lines
35 KiB
Plaintext
955 lines
35 KiB
Plaintext
# @(#)africa 8.19
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# <pre>
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# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
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# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
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# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
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# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
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#
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# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
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# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
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# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
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#
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# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
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# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
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# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
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# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
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# of the IATA's data after 1990.
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#
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# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
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# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
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#
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# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
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# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
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# I found in the UCLA library.
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#
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# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
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# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
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#
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# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
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# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
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# but Mark R V Murray reports that
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# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
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# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
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# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
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# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.
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# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.
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#
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# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
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# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
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# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
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# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
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# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
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#
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# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
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# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used)
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# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
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# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time
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# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time
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# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
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# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time
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# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
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# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
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# until we get more information.
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#
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# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
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# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time
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# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used)
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# 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
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# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
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# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
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# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time
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# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
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# Algeria
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# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
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Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
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Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
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Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
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Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
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Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
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Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 -
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Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
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Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 -
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Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
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# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
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# more precise 0:09:21.
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
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0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
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0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00
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1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7
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0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29
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1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14
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0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21
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1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26
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0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May
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1:00 - CET
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# Angola
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892
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0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time
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1:00 - WAT
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# Benin
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# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;
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# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912
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0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
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1:00 - WAT
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# Botswana
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885
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2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
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2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
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2:00 - CAT
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# Burkina Faso
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912
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0:00 - GMT
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# Burundi
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
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2:00 - CAT
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# Cameroon
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# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
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1:00 - WAT
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# Cape Verde
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
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-2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep
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-2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15
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-2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00
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-1:00 - CVT
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# Central African Republic
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912
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1:00 - WAT
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# Chad
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912
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1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
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1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
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1:00 - WAT
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# Comoros
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
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3:00 - EAT
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# Democratic Republic of Congo
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
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1:00 - WAT
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Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
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2:00 - CAT
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# Republic of the Congo
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912
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1:00 - WAT
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# Cote D'Ivoire
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
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0:00 - GMT
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# Djibouti
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul
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3:00 - EAT
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###############################################################################
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# Egypt
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# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
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Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 -
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Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
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Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
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Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
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# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.
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# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.
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Rule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
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Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
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# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19):
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# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports:
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# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday
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# after observing the daylight saving time since May.
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# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf
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Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 -
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# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14):
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# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight
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# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07.
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# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]
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# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm
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# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53
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# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...:
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# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm
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Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 -
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# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06):
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# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter
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# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each
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# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite
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# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by
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# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently,
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# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008.
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# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
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# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August.
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# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06):
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# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited):
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#
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# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009
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# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC =3D Thu =
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# Apr 23
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# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=3D0 gmtoff=3D7200
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# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC =3D Fri =
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# Apr 24
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# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=3D1 gmtoff=3D10800
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# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC =3D Thu =
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# Aug 27
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# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=3D1 gmtoff=3D10800
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# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC =3D Thu =
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# Aug 27
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# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=3D0 gmtoff=3D7200
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#
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# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59=
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# :59)
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# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/
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#
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# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that.
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#
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# [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=3D492263">
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# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=3D492263
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# </a>
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# [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=3D53">
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# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=3D53
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# </a>
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# [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/">
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# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/
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# </a>
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# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20):
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# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth
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# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday
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# in September.
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Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 -
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Rule Egypt 2009 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct
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2:00 Egypt EE%sT
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# Equatorial Guinea
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912
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0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15
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1:00 - WAT
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# Eritrea
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870
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2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time
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2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
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3:00 - EAT
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# Ethiopia
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# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
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# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones
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# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
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# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
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2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
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3:00 - EAT
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# Gabon
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912
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1:00 - WAT
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# Gambia
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
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-1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time
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-1:00 - WAT 1964
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0:00 - GMT
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# Ghana
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# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present'';
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# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
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Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
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Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
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0:00 Ghana %s
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# Guinea
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912
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0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
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-1:00 - WAT 1960
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0:00 - GMT
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# Guinea-Bissau
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26
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-1:00 - WAT 1975
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0:00 - GMT
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# Kenya
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul
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3:00 - EAT 1930
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2:30 - BEAT 1940
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2:44:45 - BEAUT 1960
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3:00 - EAT
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# Lesotho
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
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2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00
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2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
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2:00 - SAST
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# Liberia
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# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
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# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
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# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
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# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
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# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
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# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
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# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
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# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
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-0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
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-0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time
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0:00 - GMT
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###############################################################################
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# Libya
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# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S
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Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
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Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
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Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920
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1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959
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2:00 - EET 1982
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1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4
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# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger;
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# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
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2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30
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1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4
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1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4
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2:00 - EET
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# Madagascar
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul
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3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s
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3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s
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3:00 - EAT
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# Malawi
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
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2:00 - CAT
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# Mali
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912
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0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
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-1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20
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0:00 - GMT
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# Mauritania
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
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0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
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-1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28
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0:00 - GMT
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# Mauritius
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# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25):
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# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial
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# basis....
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# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to
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# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful....
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# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html
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# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25):
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# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
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# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30):
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# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A
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# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving
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# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight.
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# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
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# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger.
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# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10):
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# According to
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# <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216">
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# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216
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# </a>
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# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier
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# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start
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# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time
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# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time).
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#
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# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date
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# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date,
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# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in
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# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder
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# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which
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# changes two days later.
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# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11):
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# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving
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# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally
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# published on Monday, June 30, 2008...
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#
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# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction
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# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26
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# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.
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# ...
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# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html">
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# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html
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# </a>
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# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03):
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# The Government of Mauritius weblink
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# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=3D4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD">
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# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=3D4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
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# </a>
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# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows:
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#
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# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly
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# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in
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# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of
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# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United
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# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the
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# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on
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# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the
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# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008
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# and end on 29 March 2009.
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# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07):
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# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the
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# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the
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# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March.
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# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf">
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# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf
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# </a>
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# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 -
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Rule Mauritius 2008 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
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Rule Mauritius 2009 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
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4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time
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# Agalega Is, Rodriguez
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# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
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# Mayotte
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
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3:00 - EAT
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# Morocco
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# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
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# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
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# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between
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# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008.
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#
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# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will
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# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to
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# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
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#
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# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html">
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# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html
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# </a>
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# OR
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# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html">
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# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html
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# </a>
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# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
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# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse:
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# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view">
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# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view
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# </a>
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#
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# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt.
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# spokesman.
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# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09):
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# According to this article:
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# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html">
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# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html
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# </a>
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# (and republished here:
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# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html">
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# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html
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# </a>
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# )
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# the changes occurs at midnight:
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#
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# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be
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# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday)
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# sunday night the 28th at midnight
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#
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# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say
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# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and
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# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive
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# june1st to sept 27th.
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#
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# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree
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# published on the web.
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#
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# It's also confirmed here:
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# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm">
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# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm
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# </a>
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# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet
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# posted in english).
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#
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# The following google query will generate many relevant hits:
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# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search">
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# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search
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# </a>
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# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
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# Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow
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# Morocco DST changes? Any information? What about other part of
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# Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named
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# SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)?
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# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09):
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# XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now.
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# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27):
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# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31
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# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end
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# of September:
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#
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# One article about it (in French):
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# <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default">
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# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default
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# </a>
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#
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# We have some further details posted here:
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# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html">
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# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html
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# </a>
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# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17):
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# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according
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# to many sources, such as
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# <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html">
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# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html
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# </a>
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# <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312">
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# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312
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# </a>
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# (French)
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#
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# Our summary:
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# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html">
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# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html
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# </a>
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# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
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# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre,
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# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics
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#
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# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967)
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# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of
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# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be
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# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight.
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#
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# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf">
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# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf
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# </a>
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#
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# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html">
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# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html
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# </a>
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# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 -
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Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 -
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Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 -
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Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S
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Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
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Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
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Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
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Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 -
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
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0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
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1:00 - CET 1986
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0:00 Morocco WE%sT
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# Western Sahara
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Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan
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-1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14
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0:00 - WET
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# Mozambique
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
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2:00 - CAT
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# Namibia
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# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
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# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
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# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in
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# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>:
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# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other
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# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there
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# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of
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# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of
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# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest
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# of the country.
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#
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# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31):
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# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but
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# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.
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# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
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Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
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1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time
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2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
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2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
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2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence
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2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3
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1:00 Namibia WA%sT
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# Niger
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912
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-1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
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0:00 - GMT 1960
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1:00 - WAT
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# Nigeria
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
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1:00 - WAT
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# Reunion
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
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4:00 - RET # Reunion Time
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#
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# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.
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# The following information about them is taken from
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# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;
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# no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
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# We have no info about their time zone histories.
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#
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# Bassas da India - uninhabited
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# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
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# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
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# Juan de Nova - uninhabited
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# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
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# Rwanda
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun
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2:00 - CAT
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# St Helena
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown
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-0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time
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0:00 - GMT
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# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
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# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
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# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA
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# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
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# on GMT, says the CIA
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# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT
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# Sao Tome and Principe
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884
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-0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time
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0:00 - GMT
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# Senegal
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912
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-1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun
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0:00 - GMT
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# Seychelles
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
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4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time
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# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
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# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
|
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# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
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# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
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# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
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# Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
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# Sierra Leone
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# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
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Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
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Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
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Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
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Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882
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-0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
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-1:00 SL %s 1957
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0:00 SL %s
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# Somalia
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov
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3:00 - EAT 1931
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2:30 - BEAT 1957
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3:00 - EAT
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# South Africa
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# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 -
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Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
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1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar
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2:00 SA SAST
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# Marion and Prince Edward Is
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# scientific station since 1947
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# no information
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# Sudan
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#
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# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html">
|
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# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)
|
|
# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
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|
# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
|
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# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
|
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# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
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#
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# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
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Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 -
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Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
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Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931
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2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00
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3:00 - EAT
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# Swaziland
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# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
|
Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar
|
|
2:00 - SAST
|
|
|
|
# Tanzania
|
|
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
|
Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931
|
|
3:00 - EAT 1948
|
|
2:44:45 - BEAUT 1961
|
|
3:00 - EAT
|
|
|
|
# Togo
|
|
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
|
Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
|
|
0:00 - GMT
|
|
|
|
# Tunisia
|
|
|
|
# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
|
|
# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
|
|
# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News
|
|
# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
|
|
# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by
|
|
# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be
|
|
# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next
|
|
# Saturday." (My translation)
|
|
#
|
|
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):
|
|
# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ...
|
|
# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
|
|
# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
|
|
# 1h standard time.
|
|
#
|
|
# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):
|
|
# The daylight saving time will be the same each year:
|
|
# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00
|
|
# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ...
|
|
# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50
|
|
|
|
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16):
|
|
# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year.
|
|
# (Arabic)
|
|
# <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546">
|
|
# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546
|
|
# </a>
|
|
# <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp">
|
|
# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp
|
|
# </a>
|
|
#
|
|
# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia.
|
|
# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page:
|
|
# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html">
|
|
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html
|
|
# </a>
|
|
|
|
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
|
|
# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency
|
|
#
|
|
# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn):
|
|
#
|
|
# (in English)
|
|
# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157">
|
|
# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157
|
|
# </a>
|
|
#
|
|
# (in Arabic)
|
|
# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1">
|
|
# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1
|
|
# </a>
|
|
|
|
# From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18):
|
|
# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact
|
|
# that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time.
|
|
# Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long."
|
|
# So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future).
|
|
|
|
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
|
|
Rule Tunisia 2010 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
|
|
Rule Tunisia 2010 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
|
|
# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
|
|
# more precise 0:09:21.
|
|
# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
|
|
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
|
Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
|
|
0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
|
|
1:00 Tunisia CE%sT
|
|
|
|
# Uganda
|
|
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
|
Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul
|
|
3:00 - EAT 1930
|
|
2:30 - BEAT 1948
|
|
2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957
|
|
3:00 - EAT
|
|
|
|
# Zambia
|
|
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
|
Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar
|
|
2:00 - CAT
|
|
|
|
# Zimbabwe
|
|
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
|
Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar
|
|
2:00 - CAT
|