304 lines
7.4 KiB
Groff
304 lines
7.4 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)rename.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd April 10, 2008
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.Dt RENAME 2
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm rename
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.Nd change the name of a file
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.Sh LIBRARY
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.Lb libc
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In stdio.h
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.Ft int
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.Fn rename "const char *from" "const char *to"
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.Ft int
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.Fn renameat "int fromfd" "const char *from" "int tofd" "const char *to"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn rename
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system call
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causes the link named
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.Fa from
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to be renamed as
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.Fa to .
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If
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.Fa to
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exists, it is first removed.
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Both
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.Fa from
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and
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.Fa to
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must be of the same type (that is, both directories or both
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non-directories), and must reside on the same file system.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn rename
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system call
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guarantees that if
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.Fa to
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already exists, an instance of
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.Fa to
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will always exist, even if the system should crash in
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the middle of the operation.
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.Pp
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If the final component of
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.Fa from
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is a symbolic link,
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the symbolic link is renamed,
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not the file or directory to which it points.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn renameat
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system call is equivalent to
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.Fn rename
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except in the case where either
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.Fa from
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or
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.Fa to
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specifies a relative path.
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If
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.Fa from
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is a relative path, the file to be renamed is located
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relative to the directory associated with the file descriptor
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.Fa fromfd
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instead of the current working directory.
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If the
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.Fa to
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is a relative path, the same happens only relative to the directory associated
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with
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.Fa tofd .
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If the
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.Fn renameat
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is passed the special value
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.Dv AT_FDCWD
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in the
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.Fa fromfd
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or
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.Fa tofd
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parameter, the current working directory is used in the determination
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of the file for the respective path parameter.
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.\".Sh CAVEAT
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.\"The system can deadlock if a loop in the file system graph is present.
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.\"This loop takes the form of an entry in directory
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.\".Pa a ,
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.\"say
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.\".Pa a/foo ,
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.\"being a hard link to directory
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.\".Pa b ,
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.\"and an entry in
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.\"directory
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.\".Pa b ,
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.\"say
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.\".Pa b/bar ,
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.\"being a hard link
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.\"to directory
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.\".Pa a .
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.\"When such a loop exists and two separate processes attempt to
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.\"perform
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.\".Ql rename a/foo b/bar
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.\"and
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.\".Ql rename b/bar a/foo ,
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.\"respectively,
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.\"the system may deadlock attempting to lock
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.\"both directories for modification.
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.\"Hard links to directories should be
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.\"replaced by symbolic links by the system administrator.
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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.Rv -std rename
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.Sh ERRORS
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The
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.Fn rename
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system call
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will fail and neither of the argument files will be
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affected if:
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.Bl -tag -width Er
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.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
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A component of either pathname exceeded 255 characters,
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or the entire length of either path name exceeded 1023 characters.
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.It Bq Er ENOENT
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A component of the
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.Fa from
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path does not exist,
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or a path prefix of
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.Fa to
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does not exist.
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.It Bq Er EACCES
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A component of either path prefix denies search permission.
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.It Bq Er EACCES
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The requested link requires writing in a directory with a mode
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that denies write permission.
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.It Bq Er EPERM
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The file pointed at by the
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.Fa from
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argument has its immutable, undeletable or append-only flag set, see the
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.Xr chflags 2
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manual page for more information.
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.It Bq Er EPERM
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The parent directory of the file pointed at by the
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.Fa from
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argument has its immutable or append-only flag set.
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.It Bq Er EPERM
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The parent directory of the file pointed at by the
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.Fa to
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argument has its immutable flag set.
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.It Bq Er EPERM
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The directory containing
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.Fa from
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is marked sticky,
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and neither the containing directory nor
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.Fa from
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are owned by the effective user ID.
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.It Bq Er EPERM
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The file pointed at by the
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.Fa to
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argument
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exists,
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the directory containing
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.Fa to
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is marked sticky,
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and neither the containing directory nor
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.Fa to
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are owned by the effective user ID.
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.It Bq Er ELOOP
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Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating either pathname.
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.It Bq Er ENOTDIR
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A component of either path prefix is not a directory.
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.It Bq Er ENOTDIR
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The
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.Fa from
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argument
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is a directory, but
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.Fa to
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is not a directory.
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.It Bq Er EISDIR
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The
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.Fa to
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argument
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is a directory, but
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.Fa from
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is not a directory.
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.It Bq Er EXDEV
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The link named by
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.Fa to
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and the file named by
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.Fa from
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are on different logical devices (file systems).
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Note that this error
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code will not be returned if the implementation permits cross-device
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links.
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.It Bq Er ENOSPC
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The directory in which the entry for the new name is being placed
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cannot be extended because there is no space left on the file
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system containing the directory.
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.It Bq Er EDQUOT
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The directory in which the entry for the new name
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is being placed cannot be extended because the
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user's quota of disk blocks on the file system
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containing the directory has been exhausted.
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.It Bq Er EIO
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An I/O error occurred while making or updating a directory entry.
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.It Bq Er EROFS
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The requested link requires writing in a directory on a read-only file
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system.
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.It Bq Er EFAULT
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Path
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points outside the process's allocated address space.
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.It Bq Er EINVAL
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The
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.Fa from
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argument
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is a parent directory of
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.Fa to ,
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or an attempt is made to rename
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.Ql .\&
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or
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.Ql \&.. .
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.It Bq Er ENOTEMPTY
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The
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.Fa to
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argument
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is a directory and is not empty.
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.El
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.Pp
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In addition to the errors returned by the
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.Fn rename ,
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the
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.Fn renameat
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may fail if:
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.Bl -tag -width Er
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.It Bq Er EBADF
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The
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.Fa from
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argument does not specify an absolute path and the
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.Fa fromfd
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argument is neither
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.Dv AT_FDCWD
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nor a valid file descriptor open for searching, or the
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.Fa to
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argument does not specify an absolute path and the
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.Fa tofd
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argument is neither
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.Dv AT_FDCWD
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nor a valid file descriptor open for searching.
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.It Bq Er ENOTDIR
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The
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.Fa from
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argument is not an absolute path and
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.Fa fromfd
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is neither
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.Dv AT_FDCWD
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nor a file descriptor associated with a directory, or the
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.Fa to
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argument is not an absolute path and
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.Fa tofd
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is neither
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.Dv AT_FDCWD
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nor a file descriptor associated with a directory.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr chflags 2 ,
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.Xr open 2 ,
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.Xr symlink 7
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Fn rename
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system call is expected to conform to
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.St -p1003.1-96 .
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The
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.Fn renameat
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system call follows The Open Group Extended API Set 2 specification.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn renameat
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system call appeared in
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.Fx 8.0 .
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