7e6cabd06e
Renumber cluase 4 to 3, per what everybody else did when BSD granted them permission to remove clause 3. My insistance on keeping the same numbering for legal reasons is too pedantic, so give up on that point. Submitted by: Jan Schaumann <jschauma@stevens.edu> Pull Request: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/pull/96
123 lines
3.7 KiB
Groff
123 lines
3.7 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)vipw.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd February 14, 2012
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.Dt VIPW 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm vipw
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.Nd edit the password file
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl d Ar directory
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility edits the password file after setting the appropriate locks,
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and does any necessary processing after the password file is unlocked.
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If the password file is already locked for editing by another user,
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.Nm
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will ask you
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to try again later.
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The default editor for
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.Nm
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is
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.Xr vi 1 .
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.Pp
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When run without options,
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.Nm
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will work with the password files in
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.Pa /etc .
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The
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.Fl d
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option may be used to specify an alternative
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.Ar directory
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to work with.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility performs a number of consistency checks on the password entries,
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and will not allow a password file with a
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.Dq mangled
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entry to be
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installed.
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If
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.Nm
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rejects the new password file, the user is prompted to re-enter
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the edit session.
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.Pp
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Once the information has been verified,
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.Nm
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uses
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.Xr pwd_mkdb 8
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to update the user database.
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This is run in the background, and,
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at very large sites could take several minutes.
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Until this update
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is completed, the password file is unavailable for other updates
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and the new information is not available to programs.
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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If the following environment variable exists it will be utilized by
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.Nm :
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.Bl -tag -width PW_SCAN_BIG_IDS
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.It Ev EDITOR
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The editor specified by the string
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.Ev EDITOR
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will be invoked instead of the default editor
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.Xr vi 1 .
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This can be used to allow a script to non-interactively modify the
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password file.
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.It Ev PW_SCAN_BIG_IDS
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See
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.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 .
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr chpass 1 ,
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.Xr passwd 1 ,
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.Xr passwd 5 ,
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.Xr adduser 8 ,
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.Xr pw 8 ,
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.Xr pwd_mkdb 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility appeared in
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.Bx 4.0 .
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.Sh BUGS
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The mechanism for checking for password file modifications requires that
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the modification time of the password file changes.
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This means that in a default configuration where file system timestamps
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are not calculated with sub-second precision,
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.Ev EDITOR
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has to run for at least one second.
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Non-interactive editor scripts should invoke
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.Xr sleep 1
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or equivalent to ensure this happens.
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