251 lines
7.4 KiB
Groff
251 lines
7.4 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2000 Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven
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.\" Copyright (c) 2000,2001,2002 Søren Schmidt
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd January 27, 2000
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.Dt ATA 4
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm ata ,
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.Nm acd ,
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.Nm ad ,
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.Nm afd ,
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.Nm ast
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.Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support:
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.Cd device isa
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.Cd device ata
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.Pp
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In
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.Pa /boot/device.hints :
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.Cd hint.ata.0.at="isa"
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.Cd hint.ata.0.port="0x1f0"
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.Cd hint.ata.0.irq="14"
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.Cd hint.ata.1.at="isa"
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.Cd hint.ata.1.port="0x170"
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.Cd hint.ata.1.irq="15"
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.Pp
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For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support:
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.Cd device pci
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.Cd device ata
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.Pp
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To support ATA compliant disk drives:
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.Cd device atadisk
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.Pp
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To support ATAPI CD-ROM, CDR, CDRW, DVD-ROM and DVD-RAM drives:
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.Cd device atapicd
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.Pp
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To support ATAPI floppy drives,
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such as the ZIP and LS120:
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.Cd device atapifd
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.Pp
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To support ATAPI tape drives:
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.Cd device atapist
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.Pp
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The following tunables are setable from the loader:
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.Bl -ohang
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.It Va hw.ata.ata_dma
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set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
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.It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma
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set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is PIO).
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.It Va hw.ata.wc
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set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled).
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(WARNING: might cause data loss on power failures.)
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.It Va hw.ata.tags
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set to 1 to enable Tagged Queuing support, 0 to disable (default is disabled).
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(Only IBM DPTA, DTLA, ICxxxxxxAT, ICxxxxxxAV drives support that.)
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.El
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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This driver provides access to disk drives, ATAPI CD-ROM and DVD drives,
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ZIP drives and tape streamers connected to controllers
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according to the ATA and ATAPI standards.
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These devices are also commonly known as IDE or EIDE devices.
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.Pp
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The currently supported controllers with their maximum speed include:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX2000" -compact
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.It Acerlabs Aladdin
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
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.It AMD 756
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Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
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.It AMD 766
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
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.It CMD 646
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DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
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.It CMD 648
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Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
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.It CMD 649
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
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.It Cypress 82C693
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DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
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.It Cyrix 5530
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Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
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.It HighPoint HPT366
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Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
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.It HighPoint HPT370
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
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.It HighPoint HPT372
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Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
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.It HighPoint HPT374
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Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
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.It Intel PIIX
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DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
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.It Intel PIIX3
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DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
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.It Intel PIIX4
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Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
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.It Intel ICH0
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Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
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.It Intel ICH
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Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
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.It Intel ICH2
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
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.It Intel ICH3
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
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.It Intel ICH4
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
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.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-33
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Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
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.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-66
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Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
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.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
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.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX4
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
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.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-133 TX2/TX2000
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Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
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.It ServerWorks ROSB4
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Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
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.It ServerWorks CSB5
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
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.It Sil 0680
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Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
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.It SiS 5591
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
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.It VIA 82C586
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Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
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.It VIA 82C596
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Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
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.It VIA 82C686a
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Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
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.It VIA 82C686b
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Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
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.It VIA 8233/8235
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Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
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.El
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.Pp
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All unknown chipsets are supported at the maximum speed of 16 MB/sec.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver also allows for changes to the transfer mode of the devices
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at a later time when the system is up and running, see
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.Xr atacontrol 8 .
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.Pp
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The driver attempts to set the maximum performance transfer mode on your disk
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drives by selecting the highest possible DMA mode. However the
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.Nm
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driver sometimes issue the message
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"DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device",
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if the cable is ATA66 (or above) compliant, it is because the other device
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on this channel states it can only accept upto UDMA2/ATA33 signals.
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ATAPI devices are left in PIO mode because DMA problems are common despite the
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device specifications.
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You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using
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.Xr atacontrol 8 ,
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but be aware that your hardware might
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.Em not
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support it and can
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.Em hang
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the system.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width "/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC " -compact
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.It Pa /dev/ad*
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ATA disk device nodes
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.It Pa /dev/acd*
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ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes
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.It Pa /dev/afd*
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ATAPI floppy drive device nodes
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.It Pa /dev/ast*
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ATAPI tape drive device nodes
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.It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC
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sample generic kernel config file for
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.Nm
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based systems
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.El
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.Sh NOTES
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Static numbering
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(enabled with the
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.Dv ATA_STATIC_ID
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kernel option)
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reserves a number for each possibly connected disk,
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even when not present.
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This may result in odd situations where,
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for example,
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ad0 and ad2 exist in the absence of ad1.
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The advantage is that the addition of the formerly absent drive
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does not cause the numbers of the other drives to change.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver does not support MFM/RLL/ESDI (ST-506) style disks.
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.Pp
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Remember that in order to use UDMA4 (and above) mode you
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.Em have
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to use a special 80 conductor cable,
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and the driver tries to determine if you have such a cable
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attached before setting UDMA4 mode.
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.Pp
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The use of UDMA4(66MHz) and higher together with non-UDMA4 devices on
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the same ATA channel is not recommended,
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unless they are run at the non-UDMA4 device's lower speed.
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The driver has been designed to handle that kind of setup but lots of
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older devices do not like this.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr atacontrol 8 ,
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.Xr burncd 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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driver first appeared in
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.Fx 4.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An -nosplit
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The
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.Nm
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driver was written by
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.An S\(/oren Schmidt
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.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .
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.Pp
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This manual page was written by
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.An Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven
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.Aq asmodai@FreeBSD.org
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and
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.An S\(/oren Schmidt
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.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .
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