223 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
223 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: ccdconfig.8,v 1.1.2.1 1995/11/11 02:43:33 thorpej Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Jason R. Thorpe.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgment:
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.\" This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
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.\" by Jason R. Thorpe.
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.\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
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.\" BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
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.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
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.\" AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
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.\" OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd July 17, 1995
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.Dt CCDCONFIG 8
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.Os FreeBSD
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm ccdconfig
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.Nd configuration utility for the concatenated disk driver
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm ccdconfig
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.Op Fl cv
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.Ar ccd
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.Ar ileave
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.Op Ar flags
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.Ar dev
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.Op Ar
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.Nm ccdconfig
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.Fl C
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.Op Fl v
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.Op Fl f Ar config_file
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.Nm ccdconfig
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.Fl u
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.Op Fl v
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.Ar ccd
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.Op Ar
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.Nm ccdconfig
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.Fl U
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.Op Fl v
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.Op Fl f Ar config_file
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.Nm ccdconfig
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.Fl g
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.Op Fl M Ar core
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.Op Fl N Ar system
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.Oo
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.Ar ccd Oo ...
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.Oc
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.Oc
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm Ccdconfig
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is used to dynamically configure and unconfigure concatenated disk
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devices, or ccds. For more information about the ccd, see
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.Xr ccd 4 .
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl c
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Configure a ccd. This is the default behavior of
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.Nm Ns .
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.It Fl C
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Configure all ccd devices listed in the ccd configuration file.
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.It Fl f Ar config_file
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When configuring or unconfiguring all devices, read the file
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.Pa config_file
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instead of the default
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.Pa /etc/ccd.conf .
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.It Fl g
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Dump the current ccd configuration in a format suitable for use as the
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ccd configuration file. If no arguments are specified, every configured
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ccd is dumped. Otherwise, the configuration of each listed ccd is dumped.
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.It Fl M Ar core
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Extract values associated with the name list from
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.Pa core
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instead of the default
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.Pa /dev/mem .
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.It Fl N Ar system
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Use
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.Ar system
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as the kernel instead of the running kernel (as determined from
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.Xr getbootfile 3 ).
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.It Fl u
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Unconfigure a ccd.
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.It Fl U
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Unconfigure all ccd devices listed the ccd configuration file.
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.It Fl v
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Cause
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.Nm
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to be verbose.
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.El
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.Pp
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A ccd is described on the command line and in the ccd configuration
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file by the name of the ccd, the interleave factor, the ccd configuration
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flags, and a list of one or more devices. The flags may be represented
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as a decimal number, a hexadecimal number, a comma-separated list
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of strings, or the word
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.Dq none .
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The flags are as follows:
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.Bd -unfilled -offset indent
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CCDF_SWAP 0x01 Interleave should be dmmax
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CCDF_UNIFORM 0x02 Use uniform interleave
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CCDF_MIRROR 0x04 Support mirroring
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CCDF_PARITY 0x08 Support parity (not implemented yet)
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The format in the
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configuration file appears exactly as if it were entered on the command line.
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Note that on the command line and in the configuration file, the
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.Pa flags
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argument is optional.
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.Bd -unfilled -offset indent
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#
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# /etc/ccd.conf
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# Configuration file for concatenated disk devices
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#
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.Pp
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# ccd ileave flags component devices
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ccd0 16 none /dev/da2e /dev/da3e
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The component devices need to name partitions of type
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.Li FS_BSDFFS
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(or
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.Dq 4.2BSD
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as shown by
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.Xr disklabel 8 ).
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.Sh EXAMPLE
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.Pp
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A number of ccdconfig examples are shown below. The arguments passed
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to ccdconfig are exactly the same as you might place in the
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.Pa /etc/ccd.conf
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configuration file. The first example creates a 4-disk stripe out of
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four scsi disk partitions. The stripe uses a 64 sector interleave.
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The second example is an example of a complex stripe/mirror combination.
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It reads as a two disk stripe of da2e and da3e which is mirrored
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to a two disk stripe of da4e and da5e. The last example is a simple
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mirror. /dev/da2e is mirrored with /dev/da4e and assigned to ccd0.
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.Pp
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.Bd -unfilled -offset
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# ccdconfig ccd0 64 none /dev/da2e /dev/da3e /dev/da4e /dev/da5e
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# ccdconfig ccd0 128 CCDF_MIRROR /dev/da2e /dev/da3e /dev/da4e /dev/da5e
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# ccdconfig ccd0 128 CCDF_MIRROR /dev/da2e /dev/da4e
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.Ed
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.Pp
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When you create a new ccd disk you generally want to
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.Nm disklabel
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it before doing anything else. Once you create the initial label you can
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edit it, adding additional partitions. The label itself takes up the first
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16 sectors of the ccd disk. If all you are doing is creating filesystems
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with newfs, you do not have to worry about this as newfs will skip the
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label area. However, if you intend to
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.Nm dd
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to or from a ccd partition it is usually a good idea to construct the
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partition such that it does not overlap the label area. For example, if
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you have A ccd disk with 10000 sectors you might create a 'd' partition
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with offset 16 and size 9984.
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.Pp
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.Bd -unfilled -offset
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# disklabel -r -w ccd0c auto
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# disklabel -e ccd0c
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The disklabeling of a ccd disk is usually a one-time affair. Unlike other
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devices, ccd currently requires that you specify partition 'c' when
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running disklabel. If you reboot the machine and reconfigure the ccd disk,
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the disklabel you
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had created before will still be there and not require reinitialization.
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Beware that changing any ccd parameters: interleave, flags, or the
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device list making up the ccd disk, will usually destroy any prior
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data on that ccd disk. If this occurs it is usually a good idea to
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reinitialize the label before [re]constructing your ccd disk.
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.Pp
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.Sh RECOVERY
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.Pp
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An error on a ccd disk is usually unrecoverable unless you are using the
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mirroring option. But mirroring has its own perils: It assumes that
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both copies of the data at any given sector are the same. This holds true
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until a write error occurs or until you replace either side of the mirror.
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.Nm Ccd
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uses a poor-man's mirroring implementation. It works well enough that if
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you begin to get disk errors you should be able to backup the ccd disk,
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replace the broken hardware, and then regenerate the ccd disk. If you need
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more then this you should look into external hardware RAID SCSI boxes,
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RAID controllers such as the
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.Nm dpt
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controller, or software RAID systems such as
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.Nm vinum .
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.Pp
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /etc/ccd.conf -compact
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.It Pa /etc/ccd.conf
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default ccd configuration file
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ccd 4 ,
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.Xr rc 8
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.Xr vinum 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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command first appeared in
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.Nx 1.0a .
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