608 lines
19 KiB
Groff
608 lines
19 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2002-2004 Roman Kurakin <rik@cronyx.ru>
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.\" Copyright (c) 2002-2004 Cronyx Engineering
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This software is distributed with NO WARRANTIES, not even the implied
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.\" warranties for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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.\"
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.\" Authors grant any other persons or organisations a permission to use,
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.\" modify and redistribute this software in source and binary forms,
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.\" as long as this message is kept with the software, all derivative
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.\" works or modified versions.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.Dd May 19, 2004
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.Dt SCONFIG 8 i386
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm sconfig
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.Nd "channel configuration utility for Cronyx adapters"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl aimsxeftuc
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.Op Ar device
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.Op Ar data_rate_options
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.Op Ar protocol_options ...
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.Op Ar interface_options ...
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility is used for configuring the channel options of the Cronyx
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adapters.
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In asynchronous mode, all parameters should be set using the standard
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.Xr stty 1
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utility.
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With
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.Nm ,
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it is only possible to set some of them (see below).
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.Pp
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Some of the options can be set only on free channels,
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that is when the corresponding network interface is in the
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.Cm down
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state in the synchronous mode,
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and the terminal device
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.Pa /dev/tty*
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is closed in asynchronous mode.
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.Pp
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Other channel options can be changed
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.Dq "on the fly" .
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Generally, the channel options are set up during the operating system startup,
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for example, from the
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.Pa /etc/rc
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script.
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.Pp
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Note that not all options make sense in every particular case,
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and an attempt to set some of them may hung up the channel
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or the whole adapter.
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.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
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.Ss "Information Options"
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Only one of these options can be specified.
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If information option is specified,
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.Nm
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will show the corresponding information and will ignore all other options,
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except
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.Ar device .
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See also the description of the
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.Ar device
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argument.
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It <none>
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This will show settings of the channel.
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.It Fl a
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Print all settings of the channel.
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.It Fl i
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Print interface settings, equal to the output of the
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.Xr ifconfig 8
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utility.
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.It Fl m
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Print modem signal status.
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The description of all signals can be found in any modem documentation.
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Only LE signal should be described.
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If this signal is ON then the channel is busy.
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If it is OFF then the channel is free.
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.It Fl s
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Print brief channel statistics.
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This is the generic statistics,
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see also the
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.Fl x , e , f , t ,
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and
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.Fl u
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options.
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For a description of the output, see below.
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.Pp
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This statistics is very useful if something goes wrong.
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For example, if all interrupt counters are zero then the device
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was configured to use an interrupt that was not registered in the
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BIOS for use with the ISA bus.
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.It Fl x
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Print full channel statistics.
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This options prints additional counters,
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but with less precision than with the
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.Fl s
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option.
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.It Fl e
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Print brief E1/G703 statistics.
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If this option is selected, the
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statistics accumulated over the last 15 minutes is printed.
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For a description of the output, see below.
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.It Fl f
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Print full E1/G703 statistics.
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This option shows all E1/G703 statistics that the
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.Fl e
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option shows,
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plus total statistics for the whole period of time and statistics for
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last 24 hours (if available).
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For a description of the output, see below.
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.It Fl t
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Print brief E3/T3/STS-1 statistics.
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If this option is selected, the
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statistics accumulated over the last 15 minutes is printed.
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For a description of the output, see below.
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.It Fl u
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Print full E3/T3/STS-1 statistics.
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This option shows all E3/T3/STS-1 statistics that the
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.Fl t
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option shows,
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plus total statistics for the whole period of time and statistics for
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last 24 hours (if available).
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For a description of the output, see below.
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.It Fl c
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Cleans all kind of statistics.
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.El
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.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
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.Ss "Device Selection"
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The device is selected using the name of the network interface,
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as shown by
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.Xr ifconfig 8 .
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The channel number depends on the order the drivers were loaded into the system.
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Sometimes people confuse channel number and adapter number because of the
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same spelling.
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The adapter number appears in the kernel context, while the channel number
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is in the configuration context.
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It <none>
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If the device name is omitted,
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.Nm
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will print information about all channels of all Cronyx adapters
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available in the system.
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If some settings need to be made, the device name must be specified.
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.It Li cx Ns Ar ##
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This is the channel name for the Sigma family of Cronyx adapters.
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(ISA bus.)
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.It Li ct Ns Ar ##
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This is the channel name for the Tau family of Cronyx adapters.
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(ISA bus.)
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.It Li cp Ns Ar ##
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This is the channel name for the Tau-PCI family of Cronyx adapters.
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(PCI bus.)
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.It Li ce Ns Ar ##
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This is the channel name for the Tau32-PCI family of Cronyx adapters.
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(PCI bus.)
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.El
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.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
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.Ss "Data Rate Options"
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Ar value
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A non-zero value will set the data rate to a given value
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in asynchronous mode,
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and will set the data rate and internal clock source of synchronization
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in synchronous mode.
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A zero value is equivalent to specifying the
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.Cm extclock
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option.
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The transmitted data (TxD) are synchronized using the internal on-board timing
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generator, the internally generated timing signal is driven on the TXCOUT pin,
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and the signal on the TXCIN pin is ignored.
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This mode is used for direct
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terminal-to-terminal communication, e.g., when connecting two computers together
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in synchronous mode with a relatively short cable.
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This method should also be
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used for testing channels with an external loopback connector.
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.It Cm extclock
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Set the external timing clock source for synchronous channels.
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External clock mode is the most commonly used method for connecting
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external modem hardware.
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In this mode,
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the external timing signal is received on the TXCIN pin of the connector,
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and it is used as a synchronization clock for transmitting data (TxD).
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.Pp
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Note: in
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.Cm extclock
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mode, the device cannot determine the value of the external timing clock
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since it does not have the built-in clock gauge.
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.El
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.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
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.Ss "Protocol Options"
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Note: these option can only be used on a free channel, and they require
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specifying the device name.
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Cm async
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(Only for Sigma family.)
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Select the asynchronous protocol (or mode).
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In this mode, Cronyx adapters behave as normal serial devices,
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and standard serial communications utilities can be used to
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work with them.
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All asynchronous settings should be set using the standard
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serial communications configuration utilities, e.g.,
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.Xr stty 1 .
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With
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.Nm ,
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it is only possible to set some of them.
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.It Cm cisco
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Select the Cisco HDLC synchronous protocol.
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.It Cm fr
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Select the Frame Relay synchronous protocol
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.Tn ( ANSI
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T1.617 Annex D).
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.It Cm ppp
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Select the synchronous PPP protocol.
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PPP parameters can be configured using the
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.Xr spppcontrol 8
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utility.
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.It Sm Cm keepalive No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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Turn on/off transmission of keepalive messages.
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This option is used only for synchronous PPP.
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If this option is
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.Cm on ,
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PPP will periodically send ECHO-REQUEST messages.
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If it will not receive any ECHO-REPLY messages for
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some (definite) period of time it will break the connection.
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It is used for tracking the line state.
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.It Cm idle
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This mode is reported when using Netgraph.
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An actual protocol depends on the type of a connected Netgraph node,
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and it cannot be changed with
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.Nm .
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.El
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.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
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.Ss "Interface Options"
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Not all of these options can be set on a busy channel, and not all of them
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are applicable to all kinds of adapters/channels.
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For all dual-state options,
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.Cm off
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is the default value.
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None of these options can be used in the asynchronous mode,
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except for the
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.Cm debug
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option.
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Sm Cm port No = Bro Cm rs232 , v35 , rs449 Brc Sm
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Set the port type for old Sigma models.
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.It Sm Cm cfg No = Bro Cm A , B , C Brc Sm
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Set the configuration for the adapter.
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This option can be used only with Tau/E1
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and Tau/G703 adapters, and only if all channels are free.
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.Bl -tag -width ".Cm cfg Ns = Ns Cm A"
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.It Cm cfg Ns = Ns Cm A
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Two independent E1/G703 channels.
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This is the default setting.
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.It Cm cfg Ns = Ns Cm B
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(Only for ISA models.)
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For Tau/G703 this means one G703 channel and one digital channel.
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For Tau/E1, the first physical channel is divided into two subchannels.
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One of them goes to the first logical channel, another one goes to the
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second physical channel.
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Second (logical) channel is the digital channel.
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.It Cm cfg Ns = Ns Cm C
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(Only for E1 models.)
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In this mode, first
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physical channel consists of three data flows.
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Two of them go to the two (logical) channels.
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The last one goes to the second physical channel.
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On newer models (Tau32-PCI, Tau-PCI/2E1 and Tau-PCI/4E1),
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this programs the hardware to use a single source of synchronization
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and pass all unused (in both channels) timeslots from
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one channel to another.
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.El
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.Pp
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For a detailed description of available configuration modes,
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see the adapter documentation.
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This option cannot be set on a busy channel.
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.It Sm Cm loop No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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Turn on/off internal loopback.
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This mode is useful for debugging.
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When this mode is
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.Cm on ,
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some data should be sent.
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If no interrupts are generated, chances are that
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the corresponding IRQ configuration entry in the BIOS
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was not switched from
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.Dq Li "PCI/ISA PNP"
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to
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.Dq Li "Legacy ISA" .
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.It Sm Cm rloop No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(Only for Tau32-PCI and Tau-PCI/E3.)
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Turn on/off remote loopback feature.
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This mode is also useful for debugging.
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.It Sm Cm dpll No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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Turn on/off digital phase locked loop mode (DPLL).
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When enabled, the receiver
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timing clock signal is derived from the received data.
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Must be used with the NRZI
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encoding to avoid the synchronization loss.
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.It Sm Cm nrzi No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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Turn on/off NRZI encoding.
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If
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.Cm off ,
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NRZ encoding is used.
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.Bl -tag -width "NRZI"
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.It NRZ
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The zero bit is transmitted by the zero signal level,
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the one bit is transmitted by the positive signal level.
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.It NRZI
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The zero bit is transmitted by the change of the signal
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level, the one bit is by the constant signal level.
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Commonly used with the
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.Cm dpll Ns = Ns Cm on
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option.
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.El
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.It Sm Cm invclk No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(Tau and Tau-PCI only.)
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Invert both the transmit and receive clock signals.
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.It Sm Cm invrclk No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(Tau-PCI only.)
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Invert the receive clock signals.
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.It Sm Cm invtclk No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(Tau-PCI only.)
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Invert the transmit clock signals.
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.It Sm Cm higain No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(E1 only.)
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In off state the sensitivity is -12 dB.
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Turn on/off increasing the E1 receiver's non-linear sensitivity to -30dB.
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This allows increasing of the line distance.
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.It Sm Cm cablen No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(Tau-PCI/T3 and Tau-PCI/STS-1 only.)
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Turn on/off adjusting of the transmit signal for a long cable T3/STS-1.
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.It Sm Cm monitor No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(Tau32-PCI, Tau-PCI/2E1 and Tau-PCI/4E1 only.)
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Turn on/off increasing of the E1 receiver's linear sensitivity to -30dB.
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This can be used for the interception purposes.
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.It Sm Cm phony No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(Tau32-PCI and Tau-PCI E1 family only.)
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Turn on/off the so-called
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.Dq phony
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mode.
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This mode allows
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receiving raw CEPT frames from the E1 line.
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Raw frames can be accessed, for example, with the raw protocol.
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Packets would come at a rate of 500 frames per second
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with length
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.No 16* Ns Ar N
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(for Tau-PCI/E1 model), where
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.Ar N
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is the number of timeslots.
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For
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Tau-PCI/2E1 and Tau-PCI/4E1,
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.Ar N
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should be equal to 32 regardless of the number of
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used timeslots.
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.It Sm Cm unfram No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(Tau32-PCI, Tau-PCI/2E1 and Tau-PCI/4E1 only.)
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Turn on/off unframed mode.
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.Bl -tag -width ".Cm unfram Ns = Ns Cm off"
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.It Cm unfram Ns = Ns Cm on
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Switch channel to the unframed G.703 mode.
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.It Cm unfram Ns = Ns Cm off
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Switch channel to the framed E1 (G.704) mode.
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.El
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.It Sm Cm scrambler No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(Tau32-PCI, Tau-PCI/G.703, Tau-PCI/2E1, and
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Tau-PCI/4E1 in unframed mode only.)
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Turn on/off scrambling of the G.703 data.
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.It Sm Cm use16 No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(Tau32-PCI and Tau-PCI E1 family only.)
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Turn on/off the usage of the 16th timeslot for data transmission.
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Normally, the 16th timeslot is used for signalling information
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(multiframing CAS).
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.It Sm Cm crc4 No = Bro Cm on , off Brc Sm
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(E1 only.)
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Turn on/off CRC4 superframe mode.
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.It Sm Cm syn No = Bro Cm int , rcv , rcv0 , rcv1 , rcv2 , rcv3 Brc Sm
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.Bl -tag -width ".Cm rcv3"
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.It Cm int
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Use an internal clock generator for G703 transmitter
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(clock master).
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.It Cm rcv
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Use the G703 receiver data clock as the transmit clock
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(clock slave).
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.It Cm rcv0 , rcv1 , rcv2 , rcv3
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Use the G703 receiver clock of the other channel
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(E1 models only).
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.El
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.It Cm dir Ns = Ns Ar number
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(Tau32-PCI, Tau-PCI/2E1 and Tau-PCI/4E1 only.)
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Bind a logical channel to a physical channel.
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Using this parameter it is possible, for example, to split
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physical E1 channel into several logical channels.
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.It Cm ts Ns = Ns Ar interval
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(E1 only.)
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Set up the list of timeslots for use by the channel.
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The timeslots are numbered from 1 to 31,
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and are separated by a comma or a minus sign,
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giving an interval.
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Example:
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.Dq Li ts=1-3,5,17 .
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.It Cm pass Ns = Ns Ar interval
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(Tau/E1 only.)
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Set up the list of timeslots, translated to the E1 subchannel in
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.Cm cfg Ns = Ns Cm B
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and
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.Cm cfg Ns = Ns Cm C
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configurations.
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.It Sm Cm debug No = Bro Cm 0 , 1 , 2 Brc Sm
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Turn on/off debug messages.
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.Bl -tag -width 2n
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.It Cm 0
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Turn debug messages off.
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.It Cm 1
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Turn debug messages on, equivalent to the
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.Cm debug
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option of the
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.Xr ifconfig 8
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utility.
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.It Cm 2
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High intensive debug messages, for developers only.
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.El
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.El
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.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Set up channel 1 for use with the HDSL modem or any other
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synchronous leased-line modem, and PPP/HDLC protocol (for Sigma):
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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sconfig cx1 ppp extclock
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ifconfig cx1 158.250.244.2 158.250.244.1 up
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Set up channel 0 of Tau/E1 for use with the Cisco protocol
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over the E1 link, with a single virtual connection.
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The DLCI number is detected automatically.
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Use timeslots 1-10:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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sconfig ct0 cisco ts=1-10
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ifconfig ct0 158.250.244.2 158.250.244.1 up
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Set up channel 0 for the synchronous null-modem link to the nearby computer,
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internal clock source, 256000 bits/sec, protocol Cisco/HDLC (for Tau):
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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sconfig ct0 cisco 256000
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ifconfig ct0 200.1.1.1 200.1.1.2 up
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Set up channel 1 for the leased line link using the data-only
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null-modem cable (or modems like Zelax+ M115).
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Synchronous DPLL mode, 128000
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bits/sec, protocol PPP/HDLC, NRZI encoding (for Sigma):
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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sconfig cx1 ppp 128000 nrzi=on dpll=on
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ifconfig cx1 158.250.244.2 158.250.244.1 up
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.Ed
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.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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This section contains a description of abbreviations used by
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.Nm
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while displaying various statistics.
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For a description of options related to
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statistics, please see above.
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.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
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.Ss Statistics
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When running, the driver gathers statistics about the channels, which
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can be accessed using the
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.Nm
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utility,
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or through the
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.Xr ioctl 2
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call
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.Dv SERIAL_GETSTAT .
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
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.It Va Rintr
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Total number of receive interrupts.
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.It Va Tintr
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Total number of transmit interrupts.
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.It Va Mintr
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Total number of modem interrupts.
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.It Va Ibytes
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Total bytes received.
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.It Va Ipkts
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Total packets received (for HDLC mode).
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.It Va Ierrs
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Number of receive errors.
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.It Va Obytes
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Total bytes transmitted.
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.It Va Opkts
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Total packets transmitted (for HDLC mode).
|
|
.It Va Oerrs
|
|
Number of transmit errors.
|
|
.El
|
|
.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
.Ss E1/G.703 Statistics
|
|
For E1 and G.703 channels, the SNMP-compatible statistics data are gathered
|
|
(see RFC 1406).
|
|
It can be accessed using the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility,
|
|
or through the
|
|
.Xr ioctl 2
|
|
call
|
|
.Dv SERIAL_GETESTAT .
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".Va RCRC Pq Va rcrce"
|
|
.It Va Unav Pq Va uas
|
|
Unavailable seconds: receiving all ones, loss of carrier, or loss of
|
|
signal.
|
|
.It Va Degr Pq Va dm
|
|
Degraded minutes: having error rate more than 10E-6, not counting unavailable
|
|
and severely errored seconds.
|
|
.It Va Bpv Pq Va bpv
|
|
HDB3 bipolar violation errors.
|
|
.It Va Fsyn Pq Va fse
|
|
Frame synchronization errors (E1 only).
|
|
.It Va CRC Pq Va crce
|
|
CRC4 errors (E1).
|
|
.It Va RCRC Pq Va rcrce
|
|
Remote CRC4 errors: E-bit counter (E1).
|
|
.It Va Err Pq Va es
|
|
Errored seconds: any framing errors, or out of frame sync, or any slip events.
|
|
.It Va Lerr Pq Va les
|
|
Line errored seconds: any BPV.
|
|
.It Va Sev Pq Va ses
|
|
Severely errored seconds: 832 or more framing errors, or 2048 or more bipolar
|
|
violations.
|
|
.It Va Bur Pq Va bes
|
|
Bursty errored seconds: more than 1 framing error, but not severely errored.
|
|
.It Va Oof Pq Va oofs
|
|
Severely errored framing seconds: out of frame sync.
|
|
.It Va Slp Pq Va css
|
|
Controlled slip seconds: any slip buffer overflow or underflow.
|
|
.El
|
|
.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
.Ss E1/G.703 Status
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility also prints the E1/G.703 channel status.
|
|
The status can have the
|
|
following values (non-exclusive):
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".Li FARLOMF" -compact
|
|
.It Li Ok
|
|
The channel is in a valid state, synchronized.
|
|
.It Li LOS
|
|
Loss of sync.
|
|
.It Li AIS
|
|
Receiving unframed all ones (E1 only).
|
|
.It Li LOF
|
|
Loss of framing (E1 only).
|
|
.It Li LOMF
|
|
Loss of multiframing (E1 only).
|
|
.It Li FARLOF
|
|
Receiving remote alarm (E1 only).
|
|
.It Li AIS16
|
|
Receiving all ones in the timeslot 16 (E1 only).
|
|
.It Li FARLOMF
|
|
Receiving distant multiframe alarm (E1 only).
|
|
.It Li TSTREQ
|
|
Receiving test request code (G.703 only).
|
|
.It Li TSTERR
|
|
Test error (G.703 only).
|
|
.El
|
|
.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr stty 1 ,
|
|
.Xr ioctl 2 ,
|
|
.Xr sppp 4 ,
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8 ,
|
|
.Xr route 8 ,
|
|
.Xr spppcontrol 8
|
|
.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
This utility is a replacement for the
|
|
.Nm cxconfig
|
|
and
|
|
.Nm ctconfig
|
|
utilities that were used in the past with
|
|
.Fx
|
|
drivers.
|
|
Those two utilities and
|
|
.Nm
|
|
are not compatible,
|
|
and therefore all scripts using them have to be rewritten.
|
|
Moreover,
|
|
.Tn Linux
|
|
and
|
|
.Fx
|
|
versions of the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility are not fully compatible.
|
|
.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An Cronyx Engineering Aq Mt info@cronyx.ru
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Pa http://www.cronyx.ru
|
|
.\"--------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
All software produced by Cronyx Engineering is thoroughly tested.
|
|
But as created by a man, it can contain some bugs.
|
|
If you have caught one, try to localize it and send an email with the
|
|
description of the bug, and all operations that you have done.
|
|
We will try to reproduce the error and fix it.
|