freebsd-skq/lib/libc/sys/getrandom.2
cem 82710b55b6 Implement getrandom(2) and getentropy(3)
The general idea here is to provide userspace programs with well-defined
sources of entropy, in a fashion that doesn't require opening a new file
descriptor (ulimits) or accessing paths (/dev/urandom may be restricted
by chroot or capsicum).

getrandom(2) is the more general API, and comes from the Linux world.
Since our urandom and random devices are identical, the GRND_RANDOM flag
is ignored.

getentropy(3) is added as a compatibility shim for the OpenBSD API.

truss(1) support is included.

Tests for both system calls are provided.  Coverage is believed to be at
least as comprehensive as LTP getrandom(2) test coverage.  Additionally,
instructions for running the LTP tests directly against FreeBSD are provided
in the "Test Plan" section of the Differential revision linked below.  (They
pass, of course.)

PR:		194204
Reported by:	David CARLIER <david.carlier AT hardenedbsd.org>
Discussed with:	cperciva, delphij, jhb, markj
Relnotes:	maybe
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D14500
2018-03-21 01:15:45 +00:00

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3.1 KiB
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.\" Copyright (c) 2018 Conrad Meyer <cem@FreeBSD.org>
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.Dd February 24, 2018
.Dt GETRANDOM 2
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm getrandom
.Nd get random data
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In sys/random.h
.Ft ssize_t
.Fn getrandom "void *buf" "size_t buflen" "unsigned int flags"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Fn getrandom
fills
.Fa buf
with up to
.Fa buflen
bytes of random data.
.Pp
The
.Fa flags
argument may include zero or more of the following:
.Bl -tag -width _GRND_NONBLOCK_
.It Ql GRND_NONBLOCK
Return
.Er EAGAIN
instead of blocking, if the
.Xr random 4
device has not yet been seeded.
By default,
.Fn getrandom
will block until the device is seeded.
.It Ql GRND_RANDOM
This flag does nothing on
.Fx .
.Pa /dev/random
and
.Pa /dev/urandom
are identical.
.El
.Pp
If the
.Xr random 4
device has been seeded, reads of up to 256 bytes will always return as many
bytes as requested and will not be interrupted by signals.
.Pp
.Sh RETURN VALUES
Upon successful completion, the number of bytes which were actually read is
returned.
For requests larger than 256 bytes, this can be fewer bytes than were
requested.
Otherwise, -1 is returned and the global variable
.Va errno
is set to indicate the error.
.Sh ERRORS
The
.Fn getrandom
operation returns the following errors:
.Bl -tag -width Er
.It Bq Er EAGAIN
The
.Ql GRND_NONBLOCK
flag was set and the
.Xr random 4
device was not yet seeded.
.It Bq Er EFAULT
The
.Fa buf
parameter points to an invalid address.
.It Bq Er EINTR
The sleep was interrupted by a signal.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
An invalid
.Fa flags
was specified.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
The requested
.Fa buflen
was larger than
.Dv IOSIZE_MAX .
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr arc4random 3 ,
.Xr getentropy 3 ,
.Xr random 4
.Sh STANDARDS
.Fn getentropy
is non-standard.
It is present in Linux.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Fn getrandom
system call first appeared in
.Fx 12.0 .