105186eeee
(Including all changes for FreeBSD - importing the original eBones distribution would be too complex at this stage, since I don't have access to Piero's CVS.) (If you want to include eBones in your system, don't forget to include MAKE_EBONES in /etc/make.conf.) (This stuff is now also suppable from braae.ru.ac.za.) Bones originally from MIT SIPB. Original port to FreeBSD 1.x by Piero Serini. Moved to FreeBSD 2.0 by Doug Rabson and Geoff Rehmet. Nice bug fixes from Doug Rabson.
260 lines
5.6 KiB
Groff
260 lines
5.6 KiB
Groff
.\" from: kerberos.1,v 4.7 89/01/23 11:39:33 jtkohl Exp $
|
|
.\" $Id: kerberos.1,v 1.2 1994/07/19 19:27:33 g89r4222 Exp $
|
|
.\" Copyright 1989 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" For copying and distribution information,
|
|
.\" please see the file <Copyright.MIT>.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.TH KERBEROS 1 "Kerberos Version 4.0" "MIT Project Athena"
|
|
.SH NAME
|
|
kerberos \- introduction to the Kerberos system
|
|
|
|
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
system authenticates
|
|
individual users in a network environment.
|
|
After authenticating yourself to
|
|
Kerberos,
|
|
you can use network utilities such as
|
|
.IR rlogin ,
|
|
.IR rcp ,
|
|
and
|
|
.IR rsh
|
|
without
|
|
having to present passwords to remote hosts and without having to bother
|
|
with
|
|
.I \.rhosts
|
|
files.
|
|
Note that these utilities will work without passwords only if
|
|
the remote machines you deal with
|
|
support the
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
system.
|
|
All Athena timesharing machines and public workstations support
|
|
Kerberos.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Before you can use
|
|
Kerberos,
|
|
you must register as an Athena user,
|
|
and you must make sure you have been added to
|
|
the
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
database.
|
|
You can use the
|
|
.I kinit
|
|
command to find out.
|
|
This command
|
|
tries to log you into the
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
system.
|
|
.I kinit
|
|
will prompt you for a username and password.
|
|
Enter your username and password.
|
|
If the utility lets you login without giving you a message,
|
|
you have already been registered.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If you enter your username and
|
|
.I kinit
|
|
responds with this message:
|
|
.nf
|
|
|
|
Principal unknown (kerberos)
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
you haven't been registered as a
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
user.
|
|
See your system administrator.
|
|
.PP
|
|
A Kerberos name contains three parts.
|
|
The first is the
|
|
.I principal name,
|
|
which is usually a user's or service's name.
|
|
The second is the
|
|
.I instance,
|
|
which in the case of a user is usually null.
|
|
Some users may have privileged instances, however,
|
|
such as ``root'' or ``admin''.
|
|
In the case of a service, the instance is the
|
|
name of the machine on which it runs; i.e. there
|
|
can be an
|
|
.I rlogin
|
|
service running on the machine ABC, which
|
|
is different from the rlogin service running on
|
|
the machine XYZ.
|
|
The third part of a Kerberos name
|
|
is the
|
|
.I realm.
|
|
The realm corresponds to the Kerberos service providing
|
|
authentication for the principal.
|
|
For example, at MIT there is a Kerberos running at the
|
|
Laboratory for Computer Science and one running at
|
|
Project Athena.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When writing a Kerberos name, the principal name is
|
|
separated from the instance (if not null) by a period,
|
|
and the realm (if not the local realm) follows, preceded by
|
|
an ``@'' sign.
|
|
The following are examples of valid Kerberos names:
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
.in +8
|
|
billb
|
|
jis.admin
|
|
srz@lcs.mit.edu
|
|
treese.root@athena.mit.edu
|
|
.in -8
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
When you authenticate yourself with
|
|
Kerberos,
|
|
through either the workstation
|
|
.I toehold
|
|
system or the
|
|
.I kinit
|
|
command,
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
gives you an initial
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
.IR ticket .
|
|
(A
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
ticket
|
|
is an encrypted protocol message that provides authentication.)
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
uses this ticket for network utilities
|
|
such as
|
|
.I rlogin
|
|
and
|
|
.IR rcp .
|
|
The ticket transactions are done transparently,
|
|
so you don't have to worry about their management.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Note, however, that tickets expire.
|
|
Privileged tickets, such as root instance tickets,
|
|
expire in a few minutes, while tickets that carry more ordinary
|
|
privileges may be good for several hours or a day, depending on the
|
|
installation's policy.
|
|
If your login session extends beyond the time limit,
|
|
you will have to re-authenticate yourself to
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
to get new tickets.
|
|
Use the
|
|
.IR kinit
|
|
command to re-authenticate yourself.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If you use the
|
|
.I kinit
|
|
command to get your tickets,
|
|
make sure you use the
|
|
.I kdestroy
|
|
command
|
|
to destroy your tickets before you end your login session.
|
|
You should probably put the
|
|
.I kdestroy
|
|
command in your
|
|
.I \.logout
|
|
file so that your tickets will be destroyed automatically when you logout.
|
|
For more information about the
|
|
.I kinit
|
|
and
|
|
.I kdestroy
|
|
commands,
|
|
see the
|
|
.I kinit(1)
|
|
and
|
|
.I kdestroy(1)
|
|
manual pages.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Currently,
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
supports the following network services:
|
|
.IR rlogin ,
|
|
.IR rsh ,
|
|
and
|
|
.IR rcp .
|
|
Other services are being worked on,
|
|
such as the
|
|
.IR pop
|
|
mail system and NFS (network file system),
|
|
but are not yet available.
|
|
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
kdestroy(1), kinit(1), klist(1), kpasswd(1), des_crypt(3), kerberos(3),
|
|
kadmin(8)
|
|
.SH BUGS
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
will not do authentication forwarding.
|
|
In other words,
|
|
if you use
|
|
.I rlogin
|
|
to login to a remote host,
|
|
you cannot use
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
services from that host
|
|
until you authenticate yourself explicitly on that host.
|
|
Although you may need to authenticate yourself on the remote
|
|
host,
|
|
be aware that when you do so,
|
|
.I rlogin
|
|
sends your password across the network in clear text.
|
|
|
|
.SH AUTHORS
|
|
Steve Miller, MIT Project Athena/Digital Equipment Corporation
|
|
.br
|
|
Clifford Neuman, MIT Project Athena
|
|
|
|
The following people helped out on various aspects of the system:
|
|
|
|
Jeff Schiller designed and wrote the administration server and its
|
|
user interface, kadmin.
|
|
He also wrote the dbm version of the database management system.
|
|
|
|
Mark Colan developed the
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
versions of
|
|
.IR rlogin ,
|
|
.IR rsh ,
|
|
and
|
|
.IR rcp ,
|
|
as well as contributing work on the servers.
|
|
|
|
John Ostlund developed the
|
|
Kerberos
|
|
versions of
|
|
.I passwd
|
|
and
|
|
.IR userreg .
|
|
|
|
Stan Zanarotti pioneered Kerberos in a foreign realm (LCS),
|
|
and made many contributions based on that experience.
|
|
|
|
Many people contributed code and/or useful ideas, including
|
|
Jim Aspnes,
|
|
Bob Baldwin,
|
|
John Barba,
|
|
Richard Basch,
|
|
Jim Bloom,
|
|
Bill Bryant,
|
|
Rob French,
|
|
Dan Geer,
|
|
David Jedlinsky,
|
|
John Kohl,
|
|
John Kubiatowicz,
|
|
Bob McKie,
|
|
Brian Murphy,
|
|
Ken Raeburn,
|
|
Chris Reed,
|
|
Jon Rochlis,
|
|
Mike Shanzer,
|
|
Bill Sommerfeld,
|
|
Jennifer Steiner,
|
|
Ted Ts'o,
|
|
and
|
|
Win Treese.
|
|
|
|
.SH RESTRICTIONS
|
|
|
|
COPYRIGHT 1985,1986 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
|