freebsd-skq/usr.bin/hexdump/od.1

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.\"	@(#)od.1	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd April 17, 2002
.Os
.Dt OD 1
.Sh NAME
.Nm od
.Nd octal, decimal, hex, ASCII dump
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Op Fl aBbcDdeFfHhIiLlOosvXx
.Op Fl A Ar base
.Op Fl j Ar skip
.Op Fl N Ar length
.Op Fl t Ar type
.Sm off
.Oo
.Op Cm \&+
.Li offset
.Op Cm \&.
.Op Cm Bb
.Oc
.Sm on
.Op Ar
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
utility is a filter which displays the specified files, or standard
input if no files are specified, in a user specified format.
.Pp
The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width Fl
.It Fl A Ar base
Specify the input address base.
.Ar base
may be one of
.Ql d ,
.Ql o ,
.Ql x
or
.Ql n ,
which specify decimal, octal, hexadecimal
addresses or no address, respectively.
.It Fl a
Output named characters.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar a .
.It Fl B , Fl o
Output octal shorts.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar o2 .
.It Fl b
Output octal bytes.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar o1 .
.It Fl c
Output C-style escaped characters.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar c .
.It Fl D
Output unsigned decimal ints.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar u4 .
.It Fl e , Fl F
Output double-precision floating point numbers.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar fD .
.It Fl f
Output single-precision floating point numbers.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar fF .
.It Fl H , Fl X
Output hexadecimal ints.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar x4 .
.It Fl h , Fl x
Output hexadecimal shorts.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar x2 .
.It Fl I , Fl L , Fl l
Output signed decimal longs.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar dL .
.It Fl i
Output signed decimal ints.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar dI .
.It Fl j Ar skip
Skip
.Ar skip
bytes of the combined input before dumping. The number may be followed by one
of
.Ql b ,
.Ql k
or
.Ql m
which specify the units of the number as blocks (512 bytes), kilobytes and
megabytes, respectively.
.It Fl N Ar length
Dump at most
.Ar length
bytes of input.
.It Fl O
Output octal ints.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar o4 .
.It Fl s
Output signed decimal shorts.
Equivalent to
.Fl t Ar d2 .
.It Fl t Ar type
Specify the output format.
.Ar type
is a string containing one or more of the following kinds of type specifiers:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Cm a
Named characters
.Pq Sq ASCII .
Control characters are displayed using the following names:
.Bl -column \&000_nu \&001_so \&002_st \&003_et \&004_eo
.It "\&000\ nul\t001\ soh\t002\ stx\t003\ etx\t004\ eot\t005\ enq
.It "\&006\ ack\t007\ bel\t008\ bs\t009\ ht\t00A\ nl\t00B\ vt
.It "\&00C\ ff\t00D\ cr\t00E\ so\t00F\ si\t010\ dle\t011\ dc1
.It "\&012\ dc2\t013\ dc3\t014\ dc4\t015\ nak\t016\ syn\t017\ etb
.It "\&018\ can\t019\ em\t01A\ sub\t01B\ esc\t01C\ fs\t01D\ gs
.It "\&01E\ rs\t01F\ us\t020\ sp\t0FF\ del
.El
.It Cm c
Characters in the default character set. Non-printing characters are
represented as 3-digit octal character codes, except the following
characters, which are represented as C escapes:
.Bl -column carriage-return \er
.It NUL Ta \e0
.It alert Ta \ea
.It backspace Ta \eb
.It newline Ta \en
.It carriage-return Ta \er
.It tab Ta \et
.It vertical tab Ta \ev
.El
.It Cm [d|o|u|x][C|S|I|L| Ns Ar n Ns ]
Signed decimal
.Pq Ql d ,
octal
.Pq Ql o ,
unsigned decimal
.Pq Ql u
or
hexadecimal
.Pq Ql x .
Followed by an optional size specifier, which may be either
.Ql C
.Pq "char" ,
.Ql S
.Pq "short" ,
.Ql I
.Pq "int" ,
.Ql L
.Pq "long" ,
or a byte count as a decimal integer.
.It Cm f[F|D|L| Ns Ar n Ns ]
Floating-point number.
Followed by an optional size specifier, which may be either
.Ql F
.Pq "float" ,
.Ql D
.Pq "double"
or
.Ql L
.Pq "long double" .
.El
.It Fl v
Write all input data, instead of replacing lines of duplicate values with a
.Ql * .
.El
.Pp
Multiple options that specify output format may be used; the output will
contain one line for each format.
.Pp
If no output format is specified,
.Fl t Ar oS
is assumed.
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
.Ex -std
.Sh COMPATIBILITY
The traditional
.Fl s
option to extract string constants is not supported; consider using
.Xr strings 1
instead.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr hexdump 1 ,
.Xr strings 1
.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Nm
utility conforms to
.St -p1003.1-2001 .
.Sh HISTORY
An
.Nm
command appeared in
.At v1 .