271 lines
6.6 KiB
Groff
271 lines
6.6 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: fsdb.8,v 1.2 1995/10/08 23:18:08 thorpej Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1995 John T. Kohl
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR `AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
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.\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
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.\" DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
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.\" INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
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.\" (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
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.\" SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
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.\" STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
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.\" ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd October 3, 2016
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.Dt FSDB 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm fsdb
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.Nd FFS debugging/editing tool
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl d
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.Op Fl f
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.Op Fl r
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.Ar fsname
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility opens
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.Ar fsname
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(usually a raw disk partition) and runs a command loop
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allowing manipulation of the file system's inode data.
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You are prompted
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to enter a command with
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.Ic "fsdb (inum X)>"
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where
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.Va X
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is the currently selected i-number.
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The initial selected inode is the
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root of the file system (i-number 2).
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The command processor uses the
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.Xr editline 3
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library, so you can use command line editing to reduce typing if desired.
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When you exit the command loop, the file system superblock is marked
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dirty and any buffered blocks are written to the file system.
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.Pp
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The following options are available:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl d
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Enable additional debugging output (which comes primarily from
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.Xr fsck 8 Ns -derived
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code).
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.It Fl f
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Left for historical reasons and has no meaning.
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.It Fl r
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Open the file system read/only, and disables all commands that would
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write to it.
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.El
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.Sh COMMANDS
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Besides the built-in
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.Xr editline 3
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commands,
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.Nm
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supports these commands:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
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.It Cm help
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Print out the list of accepted commands.
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.Pp
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.It Cm inode Ar i-number
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Select inode
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.Ar i-number
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as the new current inode.
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.Pp
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.It Cm back
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Revert to the previously current inode.
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.Pp
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.It Cm clri Ar i-number
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Clear
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.Ar i-number .
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.Pp
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.It Cm lookup Ar name
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.It Cm cd Ar name
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Find
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.Ar name
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in the current directory and make its inode the current inode.
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.Ar Name
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may be a multi-component name or may begin with slash to indicate that
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the root inode should be used to start the lookup.
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If some component
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along the pathname is not found, the last valid directory encountered is
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left as the active inode.
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This command is valid only if the starting inode is a directory.
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.Pp
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.It Cm active
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.It Cm print
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Print out the active inode.
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.Pp
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.It Cm blocks
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Print out the block list of the active inode.
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Note that the printout can become long for large files, since all
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indirect block pointers will also be printed.
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.Pp
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.It Cm findblk Ar disk_block_number ...
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Find the inode(s) owning the specified disk block(s) number(s).
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Note that these are not absolute disk blocks numbers, but offsets from the
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start of the partition.
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.Pp
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.It Cm uplink
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Increment the active inode's link count.
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.Pp
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.It Cm downlink
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Decrement the active inode's link count.
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.Pp
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.It Cm linkcount Ar number
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Set the active inode's link count to
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.Ar number .
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.Pp
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.It Cm ls
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List the current inode's directory entries.
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This command is valid only
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if the current inode is a directory.
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.Pp
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.It Cm rm Ar name
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.It Cm del Ar name
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Remove the entry
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.Ar name
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from the current directory inode.
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This command is valid only
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if the current inode is a directory.
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.Pp
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.It Cm ln Ar ino Ar name
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Create a link to inode
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.Ar ino
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under the name
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.Ar name
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in the current directory inode.
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This command is valid only
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if the current inode is a directory.
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.Pp
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.It Cm chinum Ar dirslot Ar inum
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Change the i-number in directory entry
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.Ar dirslot
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to
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.Ar inum .
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.Pp
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.It Cm chname Ar dirslot Ar name
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Change the name in directory entry
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.Ar dirslot
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to
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.Ar name .
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This command cannot expand a directory entry.
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You can only rename an
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entry if the name will fit into the existing directory slot.
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.Pp
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.It Cm chtype Ar type
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Change the type of the current inode to
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.Ar type .
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.Ar Type
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may be one of:
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.Em file ,
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.Em dir ,
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.Em socket ,
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or
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.Em fifo .
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.Pp
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.It Cm chmod Ar mode
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Change the mode bits of the current inode to
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.Ar mode .
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You cannot change the file type with this subcommand; use
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.Ic chtype
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to do that.
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.Pp
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.It Cm chflags Ar flags
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Change the file flags of the current inode to
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.Ar flags .
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.Pp
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.It Cm chown Ar uid
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Change the owner of the current inode to
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.Ar uid .
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.Pp
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.It Cm chgrp Ar gid
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Change the group of the current inode to
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.Ar gid .
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.Pp
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.It Cm chgen Ar gen
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Change the generation number of the current inode to
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.Ar gen .
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.Pp
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.It Cm btime Ar time
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.It Cm mtime Ar time
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.It Cm ctime Ar time
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.It Cm atime Ar time
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Change the creation (birth), modification, change, or access
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time (respectively) on the current inode to
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.Ar time .
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.Ar Time
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should be in the format
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.Em YYYYMMDDHHMMSS[.nsec]
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where
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.Em nsec
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is an optional nanosecond specification.
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If no nanoseconds are specified, the
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.Va birthnsec ,
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.Va mtimensec ,
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.Va ctimensec ,
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or
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.Va atimensec
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field will be set to zero.
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Note that
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.Cm btime
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is available on UFS2 file systems only.
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.Pp
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.It Cm quit , q , exit , Em <EOF>
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Exit the program.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr editline 3 ,
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.Xr fs 5 ,
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.Xr clri 8 ,
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.Xr fsck 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility appeared in
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.Bx 4.3 Tahoe .
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It used the source code for
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.Xr fsck 8
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to implement most of the file system manipulation code.
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The remainder of
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.Nm
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appeared in
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.Nx 1.1
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written by
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.An John T. Kohl .
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It first appeared in
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.Fx 2.1.5
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ported by Peter Wemm.
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.Sh BUGS
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Manipulation of ``short'' symlinks has no effect.
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In particular, one should not
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try changing a symlink's type.
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.Pp
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You must specify modes as numbers rather than symbolic names.
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.Pp
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There are a bunch of other things that you might want to do which
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.Nm
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does not implement.
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.Sh WARNING
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Use this tool with extreme caution--you can damage an FFS file system
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beyond what
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.Xr fsck 8
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can repair.
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