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received on a TCP session that has entered the ESTABLISHED state. This results in a lot of calls to reset the keepalive timer. This patch changes the behavior so we set the keepalive timer for the keepalive idle time (TP_KEEPIDLE). When the keepalive timer fires, it will first check to see if the session has been idle for TP_KEEPIDLE ticks. If not, it will reschedule the keepalive timer for the time the session will have been idle for TP_KEEPIDLE ticks. For a session with regular communication, the keepalive timer should fire approximately once every TP_KEEPIDLE ticks. For sessions with irregular communication, the keepalive timer might fire more often. But, the disruption from a periodic keepalive timer should be less than the regular cost of resetting the keepalive timer on every packet. (FWIW, this change saved approximately 1.73% of the busy CPU cycles on a particular test system with a heavy TCP output load. Of course, the actual impact is very specific to the particular hardware and workload.) Reviewed by: gallatin, rrs MFC after: 2 weeks Sponsored by: Netflix Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8243