332 lines
12 KiB
Groff
332 lines
12 KiB
Groff
.\"-
|
|
.\" Copyright (c) 2002-2004 Sam Leffler, Errno Consulting
|
|
.\" All rights reserved.
|
|
.\""
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
|
|
.\" without modification.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce at minimum a disclaimer
|
|
.\" similar to the "NO WARRANTY" disclaimer below ("Disclaimer") and any
|
|
.\" redistribution must be conditioned upon including a substantially
|
|
.\" similar Disclaimer requirement for further binary redistribution.
|
|
.\" 3. Neither the names of the above-listed copyright holders nor the names
|
|
.\" of any contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
|
|
.\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" NO WARRANTY
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
|
|
.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
|
|
.\" LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NONINFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTIBILITY
|
|
.\" AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL
|
|
.\" THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
|
|
.\" OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
|
|
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
|
|
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
|
|
.\" IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
|
|
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
|
|
.\" THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
|
.\"/
|
|
.Dd December 29, 2004
|
|
.Dt ATH 4
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm ath
|
|
.Nd "Atheros IEEE 802.11 wireless network driver"
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Cd "device ath"
|
|
.Cd "device ath_hal"
|
|
.Cd "device ath_rate_onoe"
|
|
.Cd "device wlan"
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver provides support for wireless network adapters based on
|
|
the Atheros AR5210, AR5211, and AR5212 chips.
|
|
Chip-specific support is provided by the Atheros Hardware Access Layer
|
|
(HAL), that is packaged separately.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Supported features include 802.11 and 802.3 frames, power management, BSS,
|
|
IBSS, and host-based access point operation modes.
|
|
All host/device interaction is via DMA.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver encapsulates all IP and ARP traffic as 802.11 frames, however
|
|
it can receive either 802.11 or 802.3 frames.
|
|
Transmit speed and operating mode is selectable
|
|
and depends on the specific chipset.
|
|
AR5210-based devices support 802.11a operation with transmit speeds
|
|
of 6 Mbps, 9 Mbps, 12 Mbps, 18 Mbps, 24 Mbps, 36 Mbps, 48 Mbps, and 54 Mbps.
|
|
AR5211-based devices support 802.11a and 802.11b operation with transmit
|
|
speeds as above for 802.11a operation and
|
|
1Mbps, 2Mbps, 5.5 Mbps and 11Mbps for 802.11b operation.
|
|
AR5212-based devices support 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g operation
|
|
with transmit speeds appropriate to each.
|
|
All chips also support an Atheros Turbo Mode (TM) that operates in
|
|
the 5Ghz frequency range with 2x the transmit speeds.
|
|
Some chips also support Turbo mode in the 2.4Ghz range with 802.11g.
|
|
(These modes are, however, only interoperable with other Atheros-based devices.)
|
|
The actual transmit speed used is dependent on signal quality and the
|
|
.Dq "rate control"
|
|
algorithm employed by the driver.
|
|
All chips support WEP encryption.
|
|
The AR5212 has hardware support for the AES-CCM, TKIP, and Michael cryptographic
|
|
operations required for WPA.
|
|
To enable encryption, use
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8
|
|
as shown below.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
By default, the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver configures the card for BSS operation (aka infrastructure
|
|
mode).
|
|
This mode requires the use of an access point (base station).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver also supports the standard IBSS point-to-point mode
|
|
where stations can communicate amongst themselves without the
|
|
aid of an access point.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The driver may also be configured to operate in hostap mode.
|
|
In this mode a host may function as an access point (base station).
|
|
Access points are different than operating in IBSS mode.
|
|
They operate in BSS mode.
|
|
They allow for easier roaming and bridge all Ethernet traffic such
|
|
that machines connected via an access point appear to be on the local
|
|
Ethernet segment.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For more information on configuring this device, see
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Devices supported by the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver come in either Cardbus or mini-PCI packages.
|
|
Wireless cards in Cardbus slots may be inserted and ejected on the fly.
|
|
.Sh HARDWARE
|
|
The following cards are among those supported by the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -column -compact "Samsung SWL-5200N" "AR5212" "Cardbus" "a/b/g"
|
|
.It Em "Card Chip Bus Standard"
|
|
.It Aztech WL830PC AR5212 CardBus b/g
|
|
.It Cisco AIR-CB21AG AR5115 Cardbus a/b/g
|
|
.It Cisco AIR-PI21AG AR5115 PCI a/b/g
|
|
.It D-Link DWL-A650 AR5210 CardBus a
|
|
.It D-Link DWL-AB650 AR5211 CardBus a/b
|
|
.It D-Link DWL-A520 AR5210 PCI a
|
|
.It D-Link DWL-AG520 AR5212 PCI a/b/g
|
|
.It D-Link DWL-AG650 AR5212 CardBus a/b/g
|
|
.It D-Link DWL-G520B AR5212 PCI b/g
|
|
.It D-Link DWL-G650B AR5212 CardBus b/g
|
|
.It Elecom LD-WL54AG AR5212 Cardbus a/b/g
|
|
.It Elecom LD-WL54 AR5211 Cardbus a
|
|
.It Fujitsu E5454 AR5212 Cardbus a/b/g
|
|
.It Fujitsu FMV-JW481 AR5212 Cardbus a/b/g
|
|
.It Fujitsu E5454 AR5212 Cardbus a/b/g
|
|
.It HP NC4000 AR5212 PCI a/b/g
|
|
.It I/O Data WN-AB AR5212 CardBus a/b
|
|
.It I/O Data WN-AG AR5212 CardBus a/b/g
|
|
.It I/O Data WN-A54 AR5212 CardBus a
|
|
.It Linksys WMP55AG AR5212 PCI a/b/g
|
|
.It Linksys WPC51AB AR5211 CardBus a/b
|
|
.It Linksys WPC55AG AR5212 CardBus a/b/g
|
|
.It NEC PA-WL/54AG AR5212 CardBus a/b/g
|
|
.It Netgear WAG311 AR5212 PCI a/b/g
|
|
.It Netgear WAB501 AR5211 CardBus a/b
|
|
.It Netgear WAG511 AR5212 CardBus a/b/g
|
|
.It Netgear WG311 AR5212 PCI b/g
|
|
.It Netgear WG311T AR5212 PCI b/g
|
|
.It Netgear WG511T AR5212 CardBus b/g
|
|
.It Orinoco 8480 AR5212 CardBus a/b/g
|
|
.It Orinoco 8470WD AR5212 CardBus a/b/g
|
|
.It Proxim Skyline 4030 AR5210 CardBus a
|
|
.It Proxim Skyline 4032 AR5210 PCI a
|
|
.It Samsung SWL-5200N AR5212 CardBus a/b/g
|
|
.It SMC SMC2536W-AG AR5212 CardBus a/b/g
|
|
.It SMC SMC2735W AR5210 CardBus a
|
|
.It Sony PCWA-C700 AR5212 Cardbus a/b
|
|
.It Sony PCWA-C300S AR5212 Cardbus b/g
|
|
.It Sony PCWA-C500 AR5210 Cardbus a
|
|
.It 3Com 3CRPAG175 AR5212 CardBus a/b/g
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
An up to date list can be found at
|
|
.Pa http://customerproducts.atheros.com/customerproducts .
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
Join an existing BSS network (ie: connect to an access point):
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "ifconfig ath0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Join a specific BSS network with network name
|
|
.Dq Li my_net :
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "ifconfig ath0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Join a specific BSS network with WEP encryption:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig ath0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
|
|
wepmode on wepkey 0x8736639624
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Join/create an 802.11b IBSS network with network name
|
|
.Dq Li my_net :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig ath0 inet 192.168.0.22 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
|
|
mode 11b mediaopt adhoc
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create an 802.11g host-based access point:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig ath0 inet 192.168.0.10 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_ap \e
|
|
mode 11g mediaopt hostap
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create an 802.11a host-based access point with WEP enabled:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
ifconfig ath0 inet 192.168.0.10 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_ap \e
|
|
wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 mode 11a mediaopt hostap
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create a host-based wireless bridge to fxp0:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
Add BRIDGE to the kernel config.
|
|
ifconfig ath0 inet up ssid my_ap media DS/11Mbps mediaopt hostap
|
|
sysctl net.link.ether.bridge.enable=1
|
|
sysctl net.link.ether.bridge.config="ath0 fxp0"
|
|
sysctl net.inet.ip.check_interface=0
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This will give you the same functionality as an access point.
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
.Bl -diag
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to attach hardware; HAL status %u"
|
|
The Atheros Hardware Access Layer was unable to configure the hardware
|
|
as requested.
|
|
The status code is explained in the HAL include file
|
|
.Pa sys/contrib/dev/ath/ah.h .
|
|
.It "ath%d: failed to allocate descriptors: %d"
|
|
The driver was unable to allocate contiguous memory for the transmit
|
|
and receive descriptors.
|
|
This usually indicates system memory is scarce and/or fragmented.
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to setup a data xmit queue!"
|
|
The request to the HAL to set up the transmit queue for normal
|
|
data frames failed.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to setup a beacon xmit queue!"
|
|
The request to the HAL to set up the transmit queue for 802.11 beacon frames
|
|
frames failed.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: 802.11 address: %s"
|
|
The MAC address programmed in the EEPROM is displayed.
|
|
.It "ath%d: hardware error; resetting"
|
|
An unrecoverable error in the hardware occurred.
|
|
Errors of this sort include unrecoverable DMA errors.
|
|
The driver will reset the hardware and continue.
|
|
.It "ath%d: rx FIFO overrun; resetting"
|
|
The receive FIFO in the hardware overflowed before the data could be
|
|
transferred to the host.
|
|
This typically occurs because the hardware ran short of receive
|
|
descriptors and had no place to transfer received data.
|
|
The driver will reset the hardware and continue.
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to reset hardware; hal status %u"
|
|
The Atheros Hardware Access Layer was unable to reset the hardware
|
|
as requested.
|
|
The status code is explained in the HAL include file
|
|
.Pa sys/contrib/dev/ath/ah.h .
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to start recv logic"
|
|
The driver was unable to restart frame reception.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: device timeout"
|
|
A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time.
|
|
The driver will reset the hardware and continue.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: bogus xmit rate 0x%x"
|
|
An invalid transmit rate was specified for an outgoing frame.
|
|
The frame is discarded.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: ath_chan_set: unable to reset channel %u (%u Mhz)"
|
|
The Atheros Hardware Access Layer was unable to reset the hardware
|
|
when switching channels during scanning.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to allocate channel table"
|
|
The driver was unable to allocate memory for the table used to hold
|
|
the set of available channels.
|
|
.It "ath%d: unable to collect channel list from hal"
|
|
A problem occurred while querying the HAL to find the set of available
|
|
channels for the device.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: failed to enable memory mapping"
|
|
The driver was unable to enable memory-mapped I/O to the PCI device registers.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: failed to enable bus mastering"
|
|
The driver was unable to enable the device as a PCI bus master for doing DMA.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: cannot map register space"
|
|
The driver was unable to map the device registers into the host address space.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: could not map interrupt"
|
|
The driver was unable to allocate an IRQ for the device interrupt.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.It "ath%d: could not establish interrupt"
|
|
The driver was unable to install the device interrupt handler.
|
|
This should not happen.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr an 4 ,
|
|
.Xr arp 4 ,
|
|
.Xr ath_hal 4 ,
|
|
.Xr card 4 ,
|
|
.Xr netintro 4 ,
|
|
.Xr pcic 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wi 4 ,
|
|
.Xr wlan 4 ,
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8 ,
|
|
.Xr wicontrol 8
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
device driver first appeared in
|
|
.Fx 5.2 .
|
|
.Sh CAVEATS
|
|
Different regulatory domains have different default channels for adhoc
|
|
mode.
|
|
See
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8
|
|
for information on how to change the channel.
|
|
See
|
|
.Xr wicontrol 8
|
|
for information on different regulatory domains.
|
|
Different regulatory domains may not be able to communicate with each
|
|
other with 802.11a as different regulatory domains do not necessarily
|
|
have overlapping channels.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Revision A1 of the D-LINK DWL-G520 and DWL-G650 are based on an
|
|
Intersil PrismGT chip and are not supported by this driver.
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
Performance in lossy environments is suboptimal.
|
|
The algorithm used to select the rate for transmitted packets is
|
|
very simplistic.
|
|
There is no software retransmit; only hardware retransmit is used.
|
|
Contributors are encouraged to replace the existing rate control algorithm
|
|
with a better one (hint: all the information needed is available to the driver).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The driver does not fully enable power-save operation of the chip;
|
|
consequently power use is suboptimal.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The driver honors the regulatory domain programmed into the EEPROM of a
|
|
device and does not support overriding this setting.
|
|
This is done to insure compliance with local regulatory agencies when
|
|
operating as an access point.
|
|
Unfortunately this also means that devices purchased for use in one locale
|
|
may not be usable in another.
|
|
Changes are planned to remove this restriction when operating in station mode.
|