278 lines
9.6 KiB
Groff
278 lines
9.6 KiB
Groff
.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\" Copyright (c) 1996
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.\" Julian Elischer <julian@freebsd.org>. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\"
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd October 15, 1998
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.Dt SCSI 4
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.Os FreeBSD 3.0
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm SCSI ,
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.Nm CAM
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.Nd CAM SCSI subsystem
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Cd "controller scbus0"
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.Cd "controller scbus1 at ahc0"
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.Cd "controller scbus3 at ahc1 bus 0"
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.Cd "controller scbus2 at ahc1 bus 1"
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.Cd "device cd0"
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.Cd "device ch0"
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.Cd "device da0"
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.Cd "device pass0"
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.Cd "device pt0"
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.Cd "device sa0"
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.Cd "device ch1 at scbus0 target 4 unit 0"
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.Cd options CAMDEBUG
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.Cd options CAM_DEBUG_BUS=-1
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.Cd options CAM_DEBUG_TARGET=-1
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.Cd options CAM_DEBUG_LUN=-1
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.Cd options CAM_DEBUG_FLAGS=CAM_DEBUG_INFO|CAM_DEBUG_CDB
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.Cd options CAM_MAX_HIGHPOWER=4
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.Cd options SCSI_NO_SENSE_STRINGS
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.Cd options SCSI_NO_OP_STRINGS
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.Cd options SCSI_DELAY=8000
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The CAM
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.Tn SCSI
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subsystem provides a uniform and modular system for the implementation
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of drivers to control various
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.Tn SCSI
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devices, and to utilize different
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.Tn SCSI
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host adapters through host adapter drivers. When the system probes the
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.Tn SCSI
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busses, it attaches any devices it finds to the appropriate
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drivers. The
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.Xr pass 4
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driver, if it is configured in the kernel, will attach to all
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.Tn SCSI
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devices.
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.Sh KERNEL CONFIGURATION
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There are a number of generic kernel configuration options for the
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CAM
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.Tn SCSI
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subsystem:
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.Bl -tag -width SCSI_NO_SENSE_STRINGS
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.It Dv CAMDEBUG
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This option enables the CAM debugging printf code. This won't actually
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cause any debugging information to be printed out when included by itself.
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Enabling printouts requires additional configuration. See below for
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details.
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.It Dv "CAM_MAX_HIGHPOWER=4"
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This sets the maximum allowable number of concurrent "high power" commands.
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A "high power" command is a command that takes more electrical power than
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most to complete. An example of this (and the only command currently
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tagged as "high power") is the
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.Tn SCSI
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START UNIT command. Starting a SCSI disk often takes significantly more
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electrical power than normal operation of the disk. This option allows the
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user to specify how many concurrent high power commands may be outstanding
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without overloading the power supply on his computer.
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.It Dv SCSI_NO_SENSE_STRINGS
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This eliminates text descriptions of each
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.Tn SCSI
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Additional Sense Code and Additional Sense Code Qualifier pair. Since this
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is a fairly large text database, eliminating it reduces the size of the
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kernel somewhat. This is primarily necessary for boot floppies and other
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low disk space or low memory space environments. In most cases, though,
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this should be enabled, since it speeds the interpretation of
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.Tn SCSI
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error messages. Don't let the "kernel bloat" zealots get to you -- leave
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the sense descriptions in your kernel!
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.It Dv SCSI_NO_OP_STRINGS
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This disables text descriptions of each
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.Tn SCSI
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opcode. This option, like the sense string option above, is primarily
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useful for environments like a boot floppy where kernel size is critical.
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Enabling this option for normal use isn't recommended, since it slows
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debugging of
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.Tn SCSI
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problems.
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.It Dv SCSI_DELAY=8000
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This is the
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.Tn SCSI
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"bus settle delay." In CAM, it is specified in
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.Em milliseconds ,
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not seconds like the old
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.Tn SCSI
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layer used to do. When the kernel boots, it sends a bus reset to each
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.Tn SCSI
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bus to tell each device to reset itself to a default set of transfer
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negotiations and other settings. Most
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.Tn SCSI
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devices need some amount of time to recover from a bus reset. Newer disks
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may need as little as 100ms, while old, slow devices may need much longer.
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If the
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.Dv SCSI_DELAY
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isn't specified, it defaults to 2 seconds. The minimum allowable value for
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.Dv SCSI_DELAY
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is "100", or 100ms. One special case is that if the
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.Dv SCSI_DELAY
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is set to 0, that will be taken to mean the "lowest possible value." In
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that case, the
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.Dv SCSI_DELAY
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will be reset to 100ms.
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.El
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.Pp
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All devices and the SCSI busses support boot time allocation so that
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an upper number of devices and controllers does not need to be configured;
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.Cd "device da0"
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will suffice for any number of disk drivers.
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.Pp
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The devices are either
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.Em wired
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so they appear as a particular device unit or
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.Em counted
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so that they appear as the next available unused unit.
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.Pp
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To configure a driver in the kernel without wiring down the device use a
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config line similar to
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.Cd "device ch0"
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to include the changer driver.
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.Pp
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To wire down a unit use a config line similar to
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.Cd "device ch1 at scbus0 target 4 unit 0"
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to assign changer 1 as the changer with SCSI ID 4,
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SCSI logical unit 0 on SCSI bus 0.
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Individual scbuses can be wired down to specific controllers with
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a config line similar to
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.Cd "controller scbus0 at ahc0"
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which assigns scsi bus 0 to the first unit using the ahc driver.
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For controllers supporting more than one bus,
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the particular bus can be specified as in
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.Cd "controller scbus3 at ahc1 bus 1"
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which assigns scbus 1 to the second bus probed on the ahc1 device.
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.Pp
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When you have a mixture of wired down and counted devices then the
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counting begins with the first non-wired down unit for a particular
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type. That is, if you have a disk wired down as
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.Em "device da1" ,
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then the first non-wired disk shall come on line as
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.Em da2 .
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.Sh ADAPTERS
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The system allows common device drivers to work through many different
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types of adapters. The adapters take requests from the upper layers and do
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all IO between the
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.Em SCSI
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bus and the system. The maximum size of a transfer is governed by the
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adapter. Most adapters can transfer 64KB in a single operation, however
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many can transfer larger amounts.
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.Sh TARGET MODE
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Some adapters support
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.Em target mode
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in which the system is capable of operating as a device, responding to
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operations initiated by another system. Target mode is supported for
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some adapters, but is not yet complete for this version of the CAM
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.Tn SCSI
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subsystem.
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.Sh FILES
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see other scsi device entries.
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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When the kernel is compiled with options CAMDEBUG, an XPT_DEBUG CCB can be
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used to enable various amounts of tracing information on any
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specific device. Devices not being traced will not produce trace information.
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There are currently four debugging flags that may be turned on:
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.Bl -tag -width CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE
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.It Dv CAM_DEBUG_INFO
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This debugging flag enables general informational printfs for the device
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or devices in question.
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.It Dv CAM_DEBUG_TRACE
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This debugging flag enables function-level command flow tracing. i.e.
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kernel printfs will happen at the entrance and exit of various functions.
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.It Dv CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE
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This debugging flag enables debugging output internal to various functions.
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.It Dv CAM_DEBUG_CDB
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This debugging flag will cause the kernel to print out all
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.Tn SCSI
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commands sent to a particular device or devices.
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.El
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.Pp
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Some of these flags, most notably
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.Dv CAM_DEBUG_TRACE
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and
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.Dv CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE
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will produce kernel printfs in EXTREME numbers. Because of that, they
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aren't especially useful. There aren't many things logged at the
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.Dv CAM_DEBUG_INFO
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level, so it isn't especially useful. The most useful debugging flag is
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the
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.Dv CAM_DEBUG_CDB
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flag. Users can enable debugging from their kernel config file, by using
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the following kernel config options:
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.Bl -tag -width CAM_DEBUG_TARGET
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.It Dv CAMDEBUG
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This enables CAM debugging. Without this option, users will not even be able
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to turn on debugging from userland via
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.Xr camcontrol 8 .
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.It Dv CAM_DEBUG_FLAGS
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This allows the user to set the various debugging flags described above
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in a kernel config file. Flags may be ORed together if the user wishes to
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see printfs for multiple debugging levels.
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.It Dv CAM_DEBUG_BUS
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Specify a bus to debug. To debug all busses, set this to -1.
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.It Dv CAM_DEBUG_TARGET
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Specify a target to debug. To debug all targets, set this to -1.
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.It Dv CAM_DEBUG_LUN
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Specify a lun to debug. To debug all luns, set this to -1.
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.El
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.Pp
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When specifying a bus, target or lun to debug, you
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.Em MUST
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specify all three bus/target/lun options above. Using wildcards, you
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should be able to enable debugging on most anything.
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.Pp
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Users may also enable debugging printfs on the fly, if the
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.Dv CAMDEBUG
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option is their config file, by using the
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.Xr camcontrol 8
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utility. See
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.Xr camcontrol 8
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for details.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr aha 4 ,
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.Xr ahb 4 ,
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.Xr ahc 4 ,
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.Xr bt 4 ,
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.Xr cd 4 ,
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.Xr ch 4 ,
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.Xr da 4 ,
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.Xr pass 4 ,
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.Xr pt 4 ,
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.Xr sa 4 ,
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.Xr xpt 4 ,
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.Xr camcontrol 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The CAM
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.Tn SCSI
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subsystem first appeared in
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.Fx 3.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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The CAM
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.Tn SCSI
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subsystem was written by
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.An Justin Gibbs
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and
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.An Kenneth Merry .
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