310 lines
7.9 KiB
Groff
310 lines
7.9 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: pkill.1,v 1.8 2003/02/14 15:59:18 grant Exp $
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
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.\" by Andrew Doran.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd December 3, 2018
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.Dt PKILL 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm pgrep , pkill
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.Nd find or signal processes by name
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm pgrep
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.Op Fl LSafilnoqvx
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.Op Fl F Ar pidfile
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.Op Fl G Ar gid
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.Op Fl M Ar core
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.Op Fl N Ar system
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.Op Fl P Ar ppid
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.Op Fl U Ar uid
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.Op Fl c Ar class
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.Op Fl d Ar delim
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.Op Fl g Ar pgrp
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.Op Fl j Ar jail
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.Op Fl s Ar sid
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.Op Fl t Ar tty
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.Op Fl u Ar euid
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.Ar pattern ...
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.Nm pkill
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.Op Fl Ar signal
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.Op Fl ILafilnovx
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.Op Fl F Ar pidfile
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.Op Fl G Ar gid
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.Op Fl M Ar core
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.Op Fl N Ar system
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.Op Fl P Ar ppid
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.Op Fl U Ar uid
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.Op Fl c Ar class
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.Op Fl g Ar pgrp
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.Op Fl j Ar jail
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.Op Fl s Ar sid
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.Op Fl t Ar tty
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.Op Fl u Ar euid
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.Ar pattern ...
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm pgrep
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command searches the process table on the running system and prints the
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process IDs of all processes that match the criteria given on the command
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line.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm pkill
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command searches the process table on the running system and signals all
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processes that match the criteria given on the command line.
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.Pp
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The following options are available:
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.Bl -tag -width ".Fl F Ar pidfile"
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.It Fl F Ar pidfile
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Restrict matches to a process whose PID is stored in the
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.Ar pidfile
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file.
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.It Fl G Ar gid
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Restrict matches to processes with a real group ID in the comma-separated
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list
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.Ar gid .
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.It Fl I
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Request confirmation before attempting to signal each process.
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.It Fl L
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The
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.Ar pidfile
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file given for the
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.Fl F
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option must be locked with the
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.Xr flock 2
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syscall or created with
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.Xr pidfile 3 .
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.It Fl M Ar core
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Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core
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instead of the currently running system.
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.It Fl N Ar system
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Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default,
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which is the kernel image the system has booted from.
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.It Fl P Ar ppid
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Restrict matches to processes with a parent process ID in the
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comma-separated list
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.Ar ppid .
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.It Fl S
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Search also in system processes (kernel threads).
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.It Fl U Ar uid
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Restrict matches to processes with a real user ID in the comma-separated
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list
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.Ar uid .
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.It Fl d Ar delim
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Specify a delimiter to be printed between each process ID.
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The default is a newline.
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This option can only be used with the
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.Nm pgrep
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command.
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.It Fl a
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Include process ancestors in the match list.
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By default, the current
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.Nm pgrep
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or
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.Nm pkill
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process and all of its ancestors are excluded (unless
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.Fl v
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is used).
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.It Fl c Ar class
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Restrict matches to processes running with specified login class
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.Ar class .
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.It Fl f
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Match against full argument lists.
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The default is to match against process names.
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.It Fl g Ar pgrp
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Restrict matches to processes with a process group ID in the comma-separated
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list
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.Ar pgrp .
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The value zero is taken to mean the process group ID of the running
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.Nm pgrep
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or
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.Nm pkill
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command.
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.It Fl i
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Ignore case distinctions in both the process table and the supplied pattern.
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.It Fl j Ar jail
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Restrict matches to processes inside the specified jails.
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The argument
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.Ar jail
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may be
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.Dq Li any
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to match processes in any jail,
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.Dq Li none
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to match processes not in jail,
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or a comma-separated list of jail IDs or names.
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.It Fl l
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Long output.
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For
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.Nm pgrep ,
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print the process name in addition to the process ID for each matching
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process.
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If used in conjunction with
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.Fl f ,
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print the process ID and the full argument list for each matching process.
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For
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.Nm pkill ,
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display the kill command used for each process killed.
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.It Fl n
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Select only the newest (most recently started) of the matching processes.
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.It Fl o
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Select only the oldest (least recently started) of the matching processes.
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.It Fl q
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For
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.Nm pgrep ,
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Do not write anything to standard output.
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.It Fl s Ar sid
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Restrict matches to processes with a session ID in the comma-separated
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list
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.Ar sid .
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The value zero is taken to mean the session ID of the running
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.Nm pgrep
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or
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.Nm pkill
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command.
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.It Fl t Ar tty
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Restrict matches to processes associated with a terminal in the
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comma-separated list
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.Ar tty .
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Terminal names may be of the form
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.Pa tty Ns Ar xx
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or the shortened form
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.Ar xx .
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A single dash
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.Pq Ql -
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matches processes not associated with a terminal.
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.It Fl u Ar euid
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Restrict matches to processes with an effective user ID in the
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comma-separated list
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.Ar euid .
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.It Fl v
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Reverse the sense of the matching; display processes that do not match the
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given criteria.
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.It Fl x
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Require an exact match of the process name, or argument list if
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.Fl f
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is given.
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The default is to match any substring.
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.It Fl Ns Ar signal
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A non-negative decimal number or symbolic signal name specifying the signal
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to be sent instead of the default
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.Dv TERM .
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This option is valid only when given as the first argument to
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.Nm pkill .
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.El
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.Pp
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If any
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.Ar pattern
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operands are specified, they are used as extended regular expressions to match
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the command name or full argument list of each process.
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If the
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.Fl f
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option is not specified, then the
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.Ar pattern
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will attempt to match the command name.
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However, presently
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.Fx
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will only keep track of the first 19 characters of the command
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name for each process.
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Attempts to match any characters after the first 19 of a command name
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will quietly fail.
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.Pp
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Note that a running
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.Nm pgrep
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or
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.Nm pkill
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process will never consider itself nor system processes (kernel threads) as
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a potential match.
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.Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
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The Sun Solaris implementation utilised procfs to obtain process information.
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This implementation utilises
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.Xr kvm 3
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instead.
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On a live system,
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.Xr kvm 3
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uses
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.Va kern.proc
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MIB to obtain the list of processes, kernel memory through
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.Pa /dev/kmem
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is not accessed.
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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The
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.Nm pgrep
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and
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.Nm pkill
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utilities
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return one of the following values upon exit:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It 0
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One or more processes were matched.
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.It 1
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No processes were matched.
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.It 2
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Invalid options were specified on the command line.
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.It 3
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An internal error occurred.
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.El
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.Sh COMPATIBILITY
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Historically the option
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.Dq Fl j Li 0
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means any jail, although in other utilities such as
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.Xr ps 1
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jail ID
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.Li 0
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has the opposite meaning, not in jail.
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Therefore
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.Dq Fl j Li 0
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is deprecated, and its use is discouraged in favor of
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.Dq Fl j Li any .
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr kill 1 ,
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.Xr killall 1 ,
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.Xr ps 1 ,
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.Xr flock 2 ,
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.Xr kill 2 ,
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.Xr sigaction 2 ,
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.Xr kvm 3 ,
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.Xr pidfile 3 ,
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.Xr re_format 7
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.\" Xr signal 7
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm pkill
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and
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.Nm pgrep
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utilities
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first appeared in
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.Nx 1.6 .
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They are modelled after utilities of the same name that appeared in Sun
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Solaris 7.
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They made their first appearance in
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.Fx 5.3 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Andrew Doran Aq Mt ad@NetBSD.org
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