304 lines
10 KiB
Groff
304 lines
10 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2005-2010 Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr>
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
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.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
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.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
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.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
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.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
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.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
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.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd May 10, 2012
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.Dt RAL 4
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm ral
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.Nd "Ralink Technology IEEE 802.11a/g/n wireless network device"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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To compile this driver into the kernel,
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place the following lines in your
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kernel configuration file:
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.Bd -ragged -offset indent
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.Cd "device ral"
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.Cd "device ralfw"
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.Cd "device wlan"
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.Cd "device wlan_amrr"
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.Cd "device firmware"
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Alternatively, to load the driver as a
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module at boot time, place the following line in
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.Xr loader.conf 5 :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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if_ral_load="YES"
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.Ed
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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driver supports PCI/PCIe/CardBus wireless adapters based on the Ralink RT2500,
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RT2501, RT2600, RT2700, RT2800, RT3090 and RT3900E chipsets.
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.Pp
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The RT2500 chipset is the first generation of 802.11b/g adapters from Ralink.
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It consists of two integrated chips, an RT2560 MAC/BBP and an RT2525 radio
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transceiver.
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.Pp
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The RT2501 chipset is the second generation of 802.11a/b/g adapters from
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Ralink.
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It consists of two integrated chips, an RT2561 MAC/BBP and an RT2527 radio
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transceiver.
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This chipset provides support for the IEEE 802.11e standard with multiple
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hardware transmission queues and allows scatter/gather for efficient DMA
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operations.
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.Pp
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The RT2600 chipset consists of two integrated chips, an RT2661 MAC/BBP and an
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RT2529 radio transceiver.
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This chipset uses the MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) technology with
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multiple radio transceivers to extend the operating range of the adapter and
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to achieve higher throughput.
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However, the RT2600 chipset does not support any of the 802.11n features.
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.Pp
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The RT2700 chipset is a low-cost version of the RT2800 chipset.
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It supports a single transmit path and two receiver paths (1T2R).
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It consists of two integrated chips, an RT2760 or RT2790 (PCIe) MAC/BBP and
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an RT2720 (2.4GHz) or RT2750 (2.4GHz/5GHz) radio transceiver.
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.Pp
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The RT2800 chipset is the first generation of 802.11n adapters from Ralink.
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It consists of two integrated chips, an RT2860 or RT2890 (PCIe) MAC/BBP and
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an RT2820 (2.4GHz) or RT2850 (2.4GHz/5GHz) radio transceiver.
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The RT2800 chipset supports two transmit paths and up to three receiver
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paths (2T2R/2T3R).
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It can achieve speeds up to 144Mbps (20MHz bandwidth) and 300Mbps (40MHz
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bandwidth.)
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.Pp
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The RT3090 chipset is the first generation of single-chip 802.11n adapters
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from Ralink.
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.Nm
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supports
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.Cm station ,
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.Cm adhoc ,
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.Cm hostap ,
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.Cm mesh ,
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.Cm wds ,
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and
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.Cm monitor
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mode operation.
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Only one
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.Cm hostap
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or
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.Cm mesh
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virtual interface may be configured at a time.
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Any number of
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.Cm wds
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virtual interfaces may be configured together with a
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.Cm hostap
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interface.
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Multiple
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.Cm station
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interfaces may be operated together with a
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.Cm hostap
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interface to construct a wireless repeater device.
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.Pp
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The RT3900E chipset is a single-chip 802.11n adapters from Ralink.
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The MAC/Baseband Processor can be an RT5390 or RT5392.
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The RT5390 chip operates in the 2GHz spectrum and supports 1 transmit path
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and 1 receiver path (1T1R).
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The RT5392 chip operates in the 2GHz spectrum and supports up to 2 transmit
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paths and 2 receiver paths (2T2R).
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.Pp
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The transmit speed is user-selectable or can be adapted automatically by the
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driver depending on the number of hardware transmission retries.
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For more information on configuring this device, see
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.Xr ifconfig 8 .
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.Sh HARDWARE
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The
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.Nm
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driver supports PCI/PCIe/CardBus wireless adapters based on Ralink Technology
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chipsets, including:
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.Pp
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.Bl -column -compact ".Li Atlantis Land A02-PCM-W54" "RT2561S" "CardBus"
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.It Em Card Ta Em MAC/BBP Ta Em Bus
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.It "A-Link WL54H" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "A-Link WL54PC" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "AirLink101 AWLC5025" Ta RT2661 Ta CardBus
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.It "AirLink101 AWLH5025" Ta RT2661 Ta PCI
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.It "Amigo AWI-914W" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Amigo AWI-922W" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI
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.It "Amigo AWI-926W" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "AMIT WL531C" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "AMIT WL531P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "AOpen AOI-831" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "ASUS WL-107G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "ASUS WL-130g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Atlantis Land A02-PCI-W54" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Atlantis Land A02-PCM-W54" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Belkin F5D7000 v3" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Belkin F5D7010 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Billionton MIWLGRL" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI
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.It "Canyon CN-WF511" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Canyon CN-WF513" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "CC&C WL-2102" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "CNet CWC-854" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "CNet CWP-854" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Compex WL54G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Compex WLP54G" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Conceptronic C54RC" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Conceptronic C54Ri" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "D-Link DWA-525 rev A2" Ta RT5392 Ta PCI
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.It "Digitus DN-7001G-RA" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Digitus DN-7006G-RA" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "E-Tech WGPC02" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "E-Tech WGPI02" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Edimax EW-7108PCg" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Edimax EW-7128g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Eminent EM3036" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Eminent EM3037" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Encore ENLWI-G-RLAM" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Encore ENPWI-G-RLAM" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Fiberline WL-400P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Fibreline WL-400X" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Gigabyte GN-WI01GS" Ta RT2561S Ta mini-PCI
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.It "Gigabyte GN-WIKG" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI
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.It "Gigabyte GN-WMKG" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Gigabyte GN-WP01GS" Ta RT2561S Ta PCI
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.It "Gigabyte GN-WPKG" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Hawking HWC54GR" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Hawking HWP54GR" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "iNexQ CR054g-009 (R03)" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "JAHT WN-4054P" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "JAHT WN-4054PCI" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "LevelOne WNC-0301 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "LevelOne WPC-0301 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Linksys WMP54G v4" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Micronet SP906GK" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Micronet SP908GK V3" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Minitar MN54GCB-R" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Minitar MN54GPC-R" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "MSI CB54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "MSI MP54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI
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.It "MSI PC54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "OvisLink EVO-W54PCI" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "PheeNet HWL-PCIG/RA" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Pro-Nets CB80211G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Pro-Nets PC80211G" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Repotec RP-WB7108" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Repotec RP-WP0854" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "SATech SN-54C" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "SATech SN-54P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Sitecom WL-112" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Sitecom WL-115" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "SMC SMCWCB-GM" Ta RT2661 Ta CardBus
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.It "SMC SMCWPCI-GM" Ta RT2661 Ta PCI
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.It "SparkLAN WL-685R" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Surecom EP-9321-g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Surecom EP-9321-g1" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Surecom EP-9428-g" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Sweex LC500050" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Sweex LC700030" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "TekComm NE-9321-g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "TekComm NE-9428-g" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Unex CR054g-R02" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Unex MR054g-R02" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Zinwell ZWX-G160" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Zinwell ZWX-G360" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI
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.It "Zinwell ZWX-G361" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.It "Zonet ZEW1500" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus
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.It "Zonet ZEW1600" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access point):
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.Pp
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.Dl "ifconfig wlan create wlandev ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00"
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.Pp
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Join a specific BSS network with network name
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.Dq Li my_net :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ifconfig wlan create wlandev ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 \e
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netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Join a specific BSS network with 40-bit WEP encryption:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ifconfig wlan create wlandev ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 \e
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netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
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wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Join a specific BSS network with 104-bit WEP encryption:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ifconfig wlan create wlandev ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 \e
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netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
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wepmode on wepkey 0x01020304050607080910111213 weptxkey 1
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.Ed
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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.Bl -diag
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.It "ral%d: could not load 8051 microcode"
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An error occurred while attempting to upload the microcode to the onboard 8051
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microcontroller unit.
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.It "ral%d: timeout waiting for MCU to initialize"
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The onboard 8051 microcontroller unit failed to initialize in time.
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.It "ral%d: device timeout"
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A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time.
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The driver will reset the hardware.
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This should not happen.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr cardbus 4 ,
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.Xr intro 4 ,
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.Xr wlan 4 ,
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.Xr wlan_ccmp 4 ,
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.Xr wlan_tkip 4 ,
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.Xr wlan_wep 4 ,
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.Xr wlan_xauth 4 ,
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.Xr hostapd 8 ,
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.Xr ifconfig 8 ,
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.Xr wpa_supplicant 8
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.Rs
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.%T "Ralink Technology"
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.%U http://www.ralinktech.com/
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.Re
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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driver first appeared in
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.Ox 3.7 .
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Support for the RT2501 and RT2600 chipsets was added in
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.Ox 3.9 .
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Support for the RT2800 chipset was added in
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.Ox 4.3 .
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Support for the RT2700 chipset was added in
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.Ox 4.4 .
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Support for the RT3090 chipset was added in
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.Ox 4.9 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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The original
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.Nm
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driver was written by
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.An Damien Bergamini Aq Mt damien@openbsd.org .
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.Sh CAVEATS
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The
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.Nm
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driver does not make use of the hardware cryptographic engine.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver does not support any of the 802.11n capabilities offered by
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the RT2700 and RT2800 chipsets.
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Additional work is required in before those features can be supported.
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.Pp
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Host AP mode doesn't support power saving.
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Clients attempting to use power saving mode may experience significant
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packet loss (disabling power saving on the client will fix this).
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.Pp
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Some PCI
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.Nm
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adapters seem to strictly require a system supporting PCI 2.2 or greater and
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will likely not work in systems based on older revisions of the PCI
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specification.
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Check the board's PCI version before purchasing the card.
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