271 lines
6.5 KiB
Groff
271 lines
6.5 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" Paul Borman at Krystal Technologies.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)rune.3 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93
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.\"
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.Dd December 11, 1993
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.Dt RUNE 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm setrunelocale ,
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.Nm setinvalidrune ,
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.Nm sgetrune ,
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.Nm sputrune
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.Nd rune support for C
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Fd #include <rune.h>
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.Fd #include <errno.h>
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.Ft int
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.Fn setrunelocale "char *locale"
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.Ft void
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.Fn setinvalidrune "rune_t rune"
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.Ft rune_t
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.Fn sgetrune "const char *string" "size_t n" "char const **result"
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.Ft int
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.Fn sputrune "rune_t rune" "char *string" "size_t n" "char **result"
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.Pp
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.Fd #include <stdio.h>
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.Ft long
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.Fn fgetrune "FILE *stream"
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.Ft int
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.Fn fungetrune "rune_t rune" "FILE *stream"
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.Ft int
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.Fn fputrune "rune_t rune" "FILE *stream"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn setrunelocale
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controls the type of encoding used to represent runes as multibyte strings
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as well as the properties of the runes as defined in
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.Aq Pa ctype.h .
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The
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.Fa locale
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argument indicates which locale to load.
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If the locale is successfully loaded,
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.Dv 0
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is returned, otherwise an errno value is returned to indicate the
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type of error.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn setinvalidrune
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function sets the value of the global value
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.Ev _INVALID_RUNE
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to be
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.Fa rune.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn sgetrune
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function tries to read a single multibyte character from
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.Fa string ,
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which is at most
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.Fa n
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bytes long.
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If
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.Fn sgetrune
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is successful, the rune is returned.
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If
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.Fa result
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is not
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.Dv NULL ,
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.Fa *result
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will point to the first byte which was not converted in
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.Fa string.
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If the first
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.Fa n
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bytes of
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.Fa string
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do not describe a full multibyte character,
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.Ev _INVALID_RUNE
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is returned and
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.Fa *result
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will point to
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.Fa string.
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If there is an encoding error at the start of
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.Fa string ,
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.Ev _INVALID_RUNE
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is returned and
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.Fa *result
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will point to the second character of
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.Fa string.
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.Pp
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the
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.Fn sputrune
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function tries to encode
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.Fa rune
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as a multibyte string and store it at
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.Fa string ,
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but no more than
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.Fa n
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bytes will be stored.
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If
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.Fa result
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is not
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.Dv NULL ,
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.Fa *result
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will be set to point to the first byte in string following the new
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multibyte character.
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If
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.Fa string
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is
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.Dv NULL ,
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.Fa *result
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will point to
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.Dv "(char *)0 +"
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.Fa x ,
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where
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.Fa x
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is the number of bytes that would be needed to store the multibyte value.
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If the multibyte character would consist of more than
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.Fa n
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bytes and
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.Fa result
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is not
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.Dv NULL ,
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.Fa *result
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will be set to
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.Dv NULL.
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In all cases,
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.Fn sputrune
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will return the number of bytes which would be needed to store
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.Fa rune
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as a multibyte character.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn fgetrune
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function operates the same as
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.Fn sgetrune
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with the exception that it attempts to read enough bytes from
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.Fa stream
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to decode a single rune. It returns either
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.Ev EOF
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on end of file,
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.Ev _INVALID_RUNE
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on an encoding error, or the rune decoded if all went well.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn fungetrune
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function pushes the multibyte encoding, as provided by
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.Fn sputrune ,
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of
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.Fa rune
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onto
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.Fa stream
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such that the next
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.Fn fgetrune
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call will return
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.Fa rune .
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It returns
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.Ev EOF
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if it fails and
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.Dv 0
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on success.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn fputrune
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function writes the multibyte encoding of
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.Fa rune ,
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as provided by
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.Fn sputrune ,
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onto
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.Fa stream .
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It returns
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.Ev EOF
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on failure and
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.Dv 0
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on success.
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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The
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.Fn setrunelocale
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function returns one of the following values:
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.Bl -tag -width WWWWWWWW
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.It Dv 0
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.Fa setrunelocale was successful.
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.It Ev EFAULT
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.Fa locale
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was
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.Dv NULL .
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.It Ev ENOENT
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The locale could not be found.
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.It Ev EFTYPE
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The file found was not a valid file.
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.It Ev EINVAL
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The encoding indicated by the locale was unknown.
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn sgetrune
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function either returns the rune read or
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.Ev _INVALID_RUNE .
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The
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.Fn sputrune
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function returns the number of bytes needed to store
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.Fa rune
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as a multibyte string.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/locale/locale/LC_CTYPE -compact
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.It Pa $PATH_LOCALE/ Ns Em locale Ns /LC_CTYPE
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.It Pa /usr/share/locale/ Ns Em locale Ns /LC_CTYPE
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binary LC_CTYPE file for the locale
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.Em locale .
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.El
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.Sh "SEE ALSO
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.Xr mbrune 3 ,
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.Xr setlocale 3 ,
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.Xr euc 4 ,
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.Xr utf2 4
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.Sh NOTE
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The ANSI C type
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.Ev wchar_t
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is the same as
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.Ev rune_t .
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.Ev Rune_t
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was chosen to accent the purposeful choice of not basing the
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system with the ANSI C
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primitives, which were, shall we say, less aesthetic.
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.Sh HISTORY
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These functions first appeared in
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.Bx 4.4 .
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn setrunelocale
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function and the other non-ANSI rune functions were inspired by
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.Nm Plan 9 from Bell Labs
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as a much more sane alternative to the ANSI multibyte and
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wide character support.
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.\"They were conceived at the San Diego 1993 Summer USENIX conference by
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.\"Paul Borman of Krystal Technologies, Keith Bostic of CSRG and Andrew Hume
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.\"of Bell Labs.
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.Pp
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All of the ANSI multibyte and wide character
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support functions are built using the rune functions.
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