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per page = effectively 12.19 bytes per pv entry after overheads). Instead of using a shared UMA zone for 24 byte pv entries (two 8-byte tailq nodes, a 4 byte pointer, and a 4 byte address), we allocate a page at a time per process. This provides 336 pv entries per process (actually, per pmap address space) and eliminates one of the 8-byte tailq entries since we now can track per-process pv entries implicitly. The pointer to the pmap can be eliminated by doing address arithmetic to find the metadata on the page headers to find a single pointer shared by all 336 entries. There is an 11-int bitmap for the freelist of those 336 entries. This is mostly a mechanical conversion from amd64, except: * i386 has to allocate kvm and map the pages, amd64 has them outside of kvm * native word size is smaller, so bitmaps etc become 32 bit instead of 64 * no dump_add_page() etc stuff because they are in kvm always. * various pmap internals tweaks because pmap uses direct map on amd64 but on i386 it has to use sched_pin and temporary mappings. Also, sysctl vm.pmap.pv_entry_max and vm.pmap.shpgperproc are now dynamic sysctls. Like on amd64, i386 can now tune the pv entry limits without a recompile or reboot. This is important because of the following scenario. If you have a 1GB file (262144 pages) mmap()ed into 50 processes, that requires 13 million pv entries. At 24 bytes per pv entry, that is 314MB of ram and kvm, while at 12 bytes it is 157MB. A 157MB saving is significant. Test-run by: scottl (Thanks!)
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