e3aed30232
function will not follow symbolic links on the mounted file system and return EACCES (Permission denied).
356 lines
10 KiB
Groff
356 lines
10 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)mount.8 8.8 (Berkeley) 6/16/94
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.\" $Id: mount.8,v 1.21 1997/12/01 00:44:16 steve Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd June 16, 1994
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.Dt MOUNT 8
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.Os BSD 4
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm mount
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.Nd mount file systems
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm mount
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.Op Fl adfpruvw
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.Op Fl t Ar ufs | lfs | external_type
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.Nm mount
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.Op Fl dfpruvw
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.Ar special | node
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.Nm mount
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.Op Fl dfpruvw
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.Op Fl o Ar options
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.Op Fl t Ar ufs | lfs | external_type
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.Ar special node
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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command
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calls the
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.Xr mount 2
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system call to prepare and graft a
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.Ar "special device"
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or the remote node (rhost:path) on to the file system tree at the point
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.Ar node .
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If either
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.Ar special
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or
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.Ar node
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are not provided, the appropriate information is taken from the
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.Xr fstab 5
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file.
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.Pp
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The system maintains a list of currently mounted file systems.
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If no arguments are given to
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.Nm mount ,
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this list is printed.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl a
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All the filesystems described in
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.Xr fstab 5
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are mounted.
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Exceptions are those marked as ``noauto'', excluded by the
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.Fl t
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flag (see below), or if they are already mounted (except the
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root filesystem which is always remounted to preserve
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traditional single user mode behavior).
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.It Fl d
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Causes everything to be done except for the actual system call.
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This option is useful in conjunction with the
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.Fl v
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flag to
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determine what the
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.Nm
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command is trying to do.
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.It Fl f
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Forces the revocation of write access when trying to downgrade
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a filesystem mount status from read-write to read-only. Also
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forces the R/W mount of an unclean filesystem (dangerous; use with
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caution).
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.It Fl o
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Options are specified with a
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.Fl o
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flag followed by a comma separated string of options.
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The following options are available:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It async
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All
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.Tn I/O
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to the file system should be done asynchronously.
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This is a
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.Em dangerous
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flag to set,
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and should not be used unless you are prepared to recreate the file
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system should your system crash.
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.It force
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The same as
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.Fl f ;
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forces the revocation of write access when trying to downgrade
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a filesystem mount status from read-write to read-only. Also
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forces the R/W mount of an unclean filesystem (dangerous; use with caution).
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.It noatime
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Do not update the file access time when reading from a file. This option
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is useful on filesystems where there are large numbers of files and
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performance is more critical than updating the file access time (which is
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rarely ever important). This option is currently only supported on local
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filesystems.
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.It noauto
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This filesystem should be skipped when mount is run with the
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.Fl a
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flag.
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.It noclusterr
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Disable read clustering.
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.It noclusterw
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Disable write clustering.
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.It nodev
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Do not interpret character or block special devices on the file system.
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This option is useful for a server that has file systems containing
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special devices for architectures other than its own.
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.It noexec
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Do not allow execution of any binaries on the mounted file system.
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This option is useful for a server that has file systems containing
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binaries for architectures other than its own.
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.It nosuid
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Do not allow set-user-identifier or set-group-identifier bits to take effect.
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Note: this option is worthless if a public available suid or sgid
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wrapper like
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.Xr suidperl 1
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is installed on your system.
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.It nosymfollow
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Do not follow symlinks
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on the mounted file system.
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.It rdonly
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The same as
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.Fl r ;
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mount the file system read-only (even the super-user may not write it).
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.It sync
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All
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.Tn I/O
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to the file system should be done synchronously.
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.It suiddir
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A directory on the mounted filesystem will respond to the SUID bit
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being set, by setting the owner of any new files to be the same
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as the owner of the directory.
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New directories will inherit the bit from their parents.
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Execute bits are removed from
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the file, and it will not be given to root.
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.Pp
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This feature is designed for use on fileservers serving PC users via
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ftp, SAMBA, or netatalk. It provides security holes for shell users and as
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such should not be used on shell machines, especially on home directories.
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This option requires the SUIDDIR
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option in the kernel to work. Only UFS filesystems support this option.
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See
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.Xr chmod 2
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for more information.
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.It update
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The same as
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.Fl u ;
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indicate that the status of an already mounted file system should be changed.
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.It union
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Causes the namespace at the mount point to appear as the union
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of the mounted filesystem root and the existing directory.
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Lookups will be done in the mounted filesystem first.
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If those operations fail due to a non-existent file the underlying
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directory is then accessed.
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All creates are done in the mounted filesystem.
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.El
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.Pp
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Any additional options specific to a filesystem type that is not
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one of the internally known types (see the
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.Fl t
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option) may be passed as a comma separated list; these options are
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distinguished by a leading
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.Dq \&-
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(dash).
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Options that take a value are specified using the syntax -option=value.
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For example, the
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.Nm
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command:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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mount -t mfs -o nosuid,-N,-s=4000 /dev/dk0b /tmp
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.Ed
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.Pp
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causes
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.Nm
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to execute the equivalent of:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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/sbin/mount_mfs -o nosuid -N -s 4000 /dev/dk0b /tmp
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.Ed
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.It Fl p
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Print mount information in fstab format. Implies also the
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.Fl v
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option.
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.It Fl r
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The file system is to be mounted read-only.
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Mount the file system read-only (even the super-user may not write it).
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The same as the
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.Dq rdonly
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argument to the
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.Fl o
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option.
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.It Fl t Ar "ufs \\*(Ba lfs \\*(Ba external type"
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The argument following the
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.Fl t
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is used to indicate the file system type.
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The type
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.Ar ufs
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is the default.
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The
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.Fl t
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option can be used
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to indicate that the actions should only be taken on
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filesystems of the specified type.
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More than one type may be specified in a comma separated list.
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The list of filesystem types can be prefixed with
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.Dq no
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to specify the filesystem types for which action should
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.Em not
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be taken.
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For example, the
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.Nm
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command:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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mount -a -t nonfs,mfs
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.Ed
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.Pp
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mounts all filesystems except those of type
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.Tn NFS
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and
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.Tn MFS .
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.Pp
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If the type is not one of the internally known types,
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.Nm
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will attempt to execute a program in
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.Pa /sbin/mount_ Ns Em XXX
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where
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.Em XXX
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is replaced by the type name.
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For example, nfs filesystems are mounted by the program
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.Pa /sbin/mount_nfs .
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.Pp
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Most filesystems will be dynamically loaded by their mount programs
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if not already present in the kernel, using the
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.Xr vfsload 3
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subroutine. Because this mechanism requires writable temporary space,
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the filesystem type containing
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.Pa /tmp
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must be compiled into the kernel, and the filesystems containing
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.Pa /tmp
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and
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.Pa /usr/bin/ld
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must be listed in
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.Pa /etc/fstab
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before any filesystems which might be dynamically loaded.
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.It Fl u
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The
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.Fl u
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flag indicates that the status of an already mounted file
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system should be changed.
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Any of the options discussed above (the
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.Fl o
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option)
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may be changed;
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also a file system can be changed from read-only to read-write
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or vice versa.
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An attempt to change from read-write to read-only will fail if any
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files on the filesystem are currently open for writing unless the
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.Fl f
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flag is also specified.
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The set of options is determined by first extracting the options
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for the file system from the
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.Xr fstab 5
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table,
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then applying any options specified by the
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.Fl o
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argument,
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and finally applying the
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.Fl r
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or
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.Fl w
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option.
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.It Fl v
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Verbose mode.
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.It Fl w
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The file system object is to be read and write.
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.Pp
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The options specific to NFS filesystems are described in the
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.Xr mount_nfs 8
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manual page.
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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Various, most of them are self-explanatory.
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.Pp
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.Dl XXXXX filesystem is not available
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.Pp
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The kernel doesn't support the respective filesystem type. Note that
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support for a particular filesystem might be provided either on a static
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(kernel compile-time), or dynamic basis (loaded as a kernel module by
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.Xr modload 8 ).
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Normally,
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.Nm
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or its subprocesses attempt to dynamically load a filesystem module if
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it hasn't been configured statically, using
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.Xr vfsload 3 .
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In this case, the above error message can also mean that you didn't
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have permission to load the module.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /etc/fstab -compact
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.It Pa /etc/fstab
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file system table
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr mount 2 ,
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.Xr vfsload 3 ,
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.Xr fstab 5 ,
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.Xr mount_cd9660 8 ,
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.Xr mount_devfs 8 ,
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.Xr mount_fdesc 8 ,
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.Xr mount_kernfs 8 ,
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.Xr mount_lfs 8 ,
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.Xr mount_mfs 8 ,
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.Xr mount_msdos 8 ,
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.Xr mount_nfs 8 ,
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.Xr mount_null 8 ,
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.Xr mount_portal 8 ,
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.Xr mount_procfs 8 ,
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.Xr mount_umap 8 ,
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.Xr mount_union 8 ,
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.Xr umount 8
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.Sh BUGS
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It is possible for a corrupted file system to cause a crash.
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.Sh HISTORY
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A
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.Nm
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command appeared in
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.At v1 .
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