879 lines
18 KiB
Groff
879 lines
18 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: rc.subr.8,v 1.12 2004/01/06 00:52:24 lukem Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2002-2004 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
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.\" by Luke Mewburn.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd January 14, 2012
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.Dt RC.SUBR 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm rc.subr
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.Nd functions used by system shell scripts
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Bl -item -compact
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.It
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.Ic .\& Pa /etc/rc.subr
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.Pp
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.It
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.Ic backup_file Ar action Ar file Ar current Ar backup
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.It
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.Ic checkyesno Ar var
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.It
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.Ic check_pidfile Ar pidfile Ar procname Op Ar interpreter
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.It
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.Ic check_process Ar procname Op Ar interpreter
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.It
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.Ic debug Ar message
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.It
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.Ic err Ar exitval Ar message
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.It
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.Ic force_depend Ar name
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.It
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.Ic info Ar message
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.It
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.Ic load_kld Oo Fl e Ar regex Oc Oo Fl m Ar module Oc Ar file
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.It
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.Ic load_rc_config Ar name
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.It
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.Ic load_rc_config_var Ar name Ar var
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.It
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.Ic mount_critical_filesystems Ar type
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.It
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.Ic rc_usage Ar command ...
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.It
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.Ic reverse_list Ar item ...
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.It
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.Ic run_rc_command Ar argument
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.It
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.Ic run_rc_script Ar file Ar argument
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.It
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.Ic wait_for_pids Op Ar pid ...
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.It
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.Ic warn Ar message
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.El
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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script
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contains commonly used shell script functions and variable
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definitions which are used by various scripts such as
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.Xr rc 8 .
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Scripts required by ports in
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.Pa /usr/local/etc/rc.d
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will also eventually
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be rewritten to make use of it.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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functions were mostly imported from
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.Nx .
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.Pp
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They are accessed by sourcing
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.Pa /etc/rc.subr
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into the current shell.
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.Pp
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The following shell functions are available:
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.Bl -tag -width 4n
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.It Ic backup_file Ar action file current backup
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Make a backup copy of
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.Ar file
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into
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.Ar current .
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If the
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.Xr rc.conf 5
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variable
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.Va backup_uses_rcs
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is
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.Dq Li YES ,
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use
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.Xr rcs 1
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to archive the previous version of
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.Ar current ,
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otherwise save the previous version of
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.Ar current
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as
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.Ar backup .
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.Pp
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The
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.Ar action
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argument
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may be one of the following:
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.Bl -tag -width ".Cm remove"
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.It Cm add
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.Ar file
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is now being backed up by or possibly re-entered into this backup mechanism.
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.Ar current
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is created, and if necessary, the
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.Xr rcs 1
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files are created as well.
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.It Cm update
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.Ar file
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has changed and needs to be backed up.
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If
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.Ar current
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exists, it is copied to
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.Ar backup
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or checked into
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.Xr rcs 1
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(if the repository file is old),
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and then
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.Ar file
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is copied to
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.Ar current .
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.It Cm remove
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.Ar file
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is no longer being tracked by this backup mechanism.
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If
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.Xr rcs 1
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is being used, an empty file is checked in and
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.Ar current
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is removed,
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otherwise
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.Ar current
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is moved to
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.Ar backup .
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.El
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.It Ic checkyesno Ar var
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Return 0 if
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.Ar var
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is defined to
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.Dq Li YES ,
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.Dq Li TRUE ,
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.Dq Li ON ,
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or
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.Ql 1 .
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Return 1 if
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.Ar var
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is defined to
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.Dq Li NO ,
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.Dq Li FALSE ,
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.Dq Li OFF ,
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or
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.Ql 0 .
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Otherwise, warn that
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.Ar var
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is not set correctly.
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The values are case insensitive.
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.Sy Note :
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.Ar var
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should be a variable name, not its value;
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.Ic checkyesno
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will expand the variable by itself.
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.It Ic check_pidfile Ar pidfile procname Op Ar interpreter
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Parses the first word of the first line of
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.Ar pidfile
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for a PID, and ensures that the process with that PID
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is running and its first argument matches
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.Ar procname .
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Prints the matching PID if successful, otherwise nothing.
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If
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.Ar interpreter
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is provided, parse the first line of
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.Ar procname ,
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ensure that the line is of the form:
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.Pp
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.Dl "#! interpreter [...]"
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.Pp
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and use
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.Ar interpreter
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with its optional arguments and
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.Ar procname
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appended as the process string to search for.
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.It Ic check_process Ar procname Op Ar interpreter
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Prints the PIDs of any processes that are running with a first
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argument that matches
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.Ar procname .
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.Ar interpreter
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is handled as per
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.Ic check_pidfile .
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.It Ic debug Ar message
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Display a debugging message to
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.Va stderr ,
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log it to the system log using
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.Xr logger 1 ,
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and
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return to the caller.
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The error message consists of the script name
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(from
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.Va $0 ) ,
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followed by
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.Dq Li ": DEBUG: " ,
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and then
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.Ar message .
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This function is intended to be used by developers
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as an aid to debugging scripts.
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It can be turned on or off
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by the
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.Xr rc.conf 5
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variable
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.Va rc_debug .
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.It Ic err Ar exitval message
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Display an error message to
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.Va stderr ,
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log it to the system log
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using
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.Xr logger 1 ,
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and
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.Ic exit
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with an exit value of
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.Ar exitval .
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The error message consists of the script name
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(from
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.Va $0 ) ,
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followed by
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.Dq Li ": ERROR: " ,
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and then
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.Ar message .
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.It Ic force_depend Ar name
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Output an advisory message and force the
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.Ar name
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service to start.
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The
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.Ar name
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argument is the
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.Xr basename 1
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component of the path to the script, usually
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.Pa /etc/rc.d/name .
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If the script fails for any reason it will output a warning
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and return with a return value of 1.
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If it was successful
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it will return 0.
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.It Ic info Ar message
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Display an informational message to
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.Va stdout ,
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and log it to the system log using
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.Xr logger 1 .
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The message consists of the script name
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(from
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.Va $0 ) ,
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followed by
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.Dq Li ": INFO: " ,
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and then
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.Ar message .
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The display of this informational output can be
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turned on or off by the
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.Xr rc.conf 5
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variable
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.Va rc_info .
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.It Ic load_kld Oo Fl e Ar regex Oc Oo Fl m Ar module Oc Ar file
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Load
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.Ar file
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as a kernel module unless it is already loaded.
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For the purpose of checking the module status,
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either the exact module name can be specified using
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.Fl m ,
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or an
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.Xr egrep 1
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|
regular expression matching the module name can be supplied via
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.Fl e .
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|
By default, the module is assumed to have the same name as
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.Ar file ,
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which is not always the case.
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.It Ic load_rc_config Ar name
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Source in the configuration files for
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.Ar name .
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First,
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.Pa /etc/rc.conf
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is sourced if it has not yet been read in.
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Then,
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.Pa /etc/rc.conf.d/ Ns Ar name
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is sourced if it is an existing file.
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The latter may also contain other variable assignments to override
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.Ic run_rc_command
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arguments defined by the calling script, to provide an easy
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mechanism for an administrator to override the behaviour of a given
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.Xr rc.d 8
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script without requiring the editing of that script.
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.It Ic load_rc_config_var Ar name Ar var
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Read the
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.Xr rc.conf 5
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variable
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.Ar var
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for
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.Ar name
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and set in the current shell, using
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.Ic load_rc_config
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in a sub-shell to prevent unwanted side effects from other variable
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assignments.
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.It Ic mount_critical_filesystems Ar type
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|
Go through a list of critical file systems,
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as found in the
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.Xr rc.conf 5
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variable
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.Va critical_filesystems_ Ns Ar type ,
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mounting each one that
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is not currently mounted.
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.It Ic rc_usage Ar command ...
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Print a usage message for
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.Va $0 ,
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with
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.Ar commands
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being the list of valid arguments
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prefixed by
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.Sm off
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.Dq Bq Li fast | force | one | quiet .
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.Sm on
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.It Ic reverse_list Ar item ...
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|
Print the list of
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.Ar items
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in reverse order.
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.It Ic run_rc_command Ar argument
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Run the
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.Ar argument
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method for the current
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.Xr rc.d 8
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script, based on the settings of various shell variables.
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.Ic run_rc_command
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is extremely flexible, and allows fully functional
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.Xr rc.d 8
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scripts to be implemented in a small amount of shell code.
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.Pp
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.Ar argument
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is searched for in the list of supported commands, which may be one
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of:
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.Bl -tag -width ".Cm restart" -offset indent
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.It Cm start
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Start the service.
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|
This should check that the service is to be started as specified by
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.Xr rc.conf 5 .
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Also checks if the service is already running and refuses to start if
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it is.
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This latter check is not performed by standard
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.Fx
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scripts if the system is starting directly to multi-user mode, to
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speed up the boot process.
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.It Cm stop
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If the service is to be started as specified by
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.Xr rc.conf 5 ,
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stop the service.
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This should check that the service is running and complain if it is not.
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.It Cm restart
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Perform a
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.Cm stop
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then a
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.Cm start .
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Defaults to displaying the process ID of the program (if running).
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.It Cm rcvar
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Display which
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.Xr rc.conf 5
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variables are used to control the startup of the service (if any).
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.El
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.Pp
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If
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.Va pidfile
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or
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.Va procname
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is set, also support:
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.Bl -tag -width ".Cm restart" -offset indent
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.It Cm poll
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Wait for the command to exit.
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.It Cm status
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Show the status of the process.
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.El
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.Pp
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Other supported commands are listed in the optional variable
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.Va extra_commands .
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.Pp
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.Ar argument
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may have one of the following prefixes which alters its operation:
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.Bl -tag -width ".Li force" -offset indent
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.It Li fast
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Skip the check for an existing running process,
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and sets
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.Va rc_fast Ns = Ns Li YES .
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.It Li force
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Skip the checks for
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.Va rcvar
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being set to
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.Dq Li YES ,
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and sets
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.Va rc_force Ns = Ns Li YES .
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This ignores
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.Ar argument Ns Va _precmd
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returning non-zero, and ignores any of the
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.Va required_*
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tests failing, and always returns a zero exit status.
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.It Li one
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Skip the checks for
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.Va rcvar
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being set to
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.Dq Li YES ,
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but performs all the other prerequisite tests.
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.It Li quiet
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Inhibits some verbose diagnostics.
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Currently, this includes messages
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.Qq Starting ${name}
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(as checked by
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.Ic check_startmsgs
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inside
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.Nm )
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and errors about usage of services that are not enabled in
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.Xr rc.conf 5 .
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This prefix also sets
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.Va rc_quiet Ns = Ns Li YES .
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.Em Please, note:
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.Va rc_quiet
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is not intended to completely mask all debug and warning messages,
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but only certain small classes of them.
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.El
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.Pp
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.Ic run_rc_command
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uses the following shell variables to control its behaviour.
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Unless otherwise stated, these are optional.
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.Bl -tag -width ".Va procname" -offset indent
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.It Va name
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The name of this script.
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This is not optional.
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.It Va rcvar
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The value of
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.Va rcvar
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is checked with
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.Ic checkyesno
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to determine if this method should be run.
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.It Va command
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Full path to the command.
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Not required if
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.Ar argument Ns Va _cmd
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is defined for each supported keyword.
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Can be overridden by
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.Va ${name}_program .
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.It Va command_args
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|
Optional arguments and/or shell directives for
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.Va command .
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.It Va command_interpreter
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|
.Va command
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is started with:
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.Pp
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.Dl "#! command_interpreter [...]"
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.Pp
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|
which results in its
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.Xr ps 1
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|
command being:
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.Pp
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.Dl "command_interpreter [...] command"
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.Pp
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|
so use that string to find the PID(s) of the running command
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rather than
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.Va command .
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.It Va extra_commands
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Extra commands/keywords/arguments supported.
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.It Va pidfile
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Path to PID file.
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Used to determine the PID(s) of the running command.
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|
If
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.Va pidfile
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is set, use:
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|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "check_pidfile $pidfile $procname"
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|
.Pp
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|
to find the PID.
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|
Otherwise, if
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.Va command
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|
is set, use:
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.Pp
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|
.Dl "check_process $procname"
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.Pp
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|
to find the PID.
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.It Va procname
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|
Process name to check for.
|
|
Defaults to the value of
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.Va command .
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|
.It Va required_dirs
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|
Check for the existence of the listed directories
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before running the
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.Cm start
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|
method.
|
|
.It Va required_files
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|
Check for the readability of the listed files
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|
before running the
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.Cm start
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|
method.
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|
.It Va required_modules
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|
Ensure that the listed kernel modules are loaded
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|
before running the
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.Cm start
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|
method.
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|
This is done after invoking the commands from
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.Va start_precmd
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|
so that the missing modules are not loaded in vain
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|
if the preliminary commands indicate a error condition.
|
|
A word in the list can have an optional
|
|
.Dq Li : Ns Ar modname
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|
or
|
|
.Dq Li ~ Ns Ar pattern
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|
suffix.
|
|
The
|
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.Ar modname
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|
or
|
|
.Ar pattern
|
|
parameter is passed to
|
|
.Ic load_kld
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|
through a
|
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.Fl m
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|
or
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|
.Fl e
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|
option, respectively.
|
|
See the description of
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.Ic load_kld
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|
in this document for details.
|
|
.It Va required_vars
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|
Perform
|
|
.Ic checkyesno
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|
on each of the list variables
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|
before running the
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|
.Cm start
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|
method.
|
|
.It Va ${name}_chdir
|
|
Directory to
|
|
.Ic cd
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|
to before running
|
|
.Va command ,
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|
if
|
|
.Va ${name}_chroot
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|
is not provided.
|
|
.It Va ${name}_chroot
|
|
Directory to
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|
.Xr chroot 8
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|
to before running
|
|
.Va command .
|
|
Only supported after
|
|
.Pa /usr
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|
is mounted.
|
|
.It Va ${name}_flags
|
|
Arguments to call
|
|
.Va command
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|
with.
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|
This is usually set in
|
|
.Xr rc.conf 5 ,
|
|
and not in the
|
|
.Xr rc.d 8
|
|
script.
|
|
The environment variable
|
|
.Sq Ev flags
|
|
can be used to override this.
|
|
.It Va ${name}_nice
|
|
.Xr nice 1
|
|
level to run
|
|
.Va command
|
|
as.
|
|
Only supported after
|
|
.Pa /usr
|
|
is mounted.
|
|
.It Va ${name}_program
|
|
Full path to the command.
|
|
Overrides
|
|
.Va command
|
|
if both are set, but has no effect if
|
|
.Va command
|
|
is unset.
|
|
As a rule,
|
|
.Va command
|
|
should be set in the script while
|
|
.Va ${name}_program
|
|
should be set in
|
|
.Xr rc.conf 5 .
|
|
.It Va ${name}_user
|
|
User to run
|
|
.Va command
|
|
as, using
|
|
.Xr chroot 8
|
|
if
|
|
.Va ${name}_chroot
|
|
is set, otherwise
|
|
uses
|
|
.Xr su 1 .
|
|
Only supported after
|
|
.Pa /usr
|
|
is mounted.
|
|
.It Va ${name}_group
|
|
Group to run the chrooted
|
|
.Va command
|
|
as.
|
|
.It Va ${name}_groups
|
|
Comma separated list of supplementary groups to run the chrooted
|
|
.Va command
|
|
with.
|
|
.It Ar argument Ns Va _cmd
|
|
Shell commands which override the default method for
|
|
.Ar argument .
|
|
.It Ar argument Ns Va _precmd
|
|
Shell commands to run just before running
|
|
.Ar argument Ns Va _cmd
|
|
or the default method for
|
|
.Ar argument .
|
|
If this returns a non-zero exit code, the main method is not performed.
|
|
If the default method is being executed, this check is performed after
|
|
the
|
|
.Va required_*
|
|
checks and process (non-)existence checks.
|
|
.It Ar argument Ns Va _postcmd
|
|
Shell commands to run if running
|
|
.Ar argument Ns Va _cmd
|
|
or the default method for
|
|
.Ar argument
|
|
returned a zero exit code.
|
|
.It Va sig_stop
|
|
Signal to send the processes to stop in the default
|
|
.Cm stop
|
|
method.
|
|
Defaults to
|
|
.Dv SIGTERM .
|
|
.It Va sig_reload
|
|
Signal to send the processes to reload in the default
|
|
.Cm reload
|
|
method.
|
|
Defaults to
|
|
.Dv SIGHUP .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For a given method
|
|
.Ar argument ,
|
|
if
|
|
.Ar argument Ns Va _cmd
|
|
is not defined, then a default method is provided by
|
|
.Ic run_rc_command :
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".Sy Argument" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Argument
|
|
.Sy Default method
|
|
.It Cm start
|
|
If
|
|
.Va command
|
|
is not running and
|
|
.Ic checkyesno Va rcvar
|
|
succeeds, start
|
|
.Va command .
|
|
.It Cm stop
|
|
Determine the PIDs of
|
|
.Va command
|
|
with
|
|
.Ic check_pidfile
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic check_process
|
|
(as appropriate),
|
|
.Ic kill Va sig_stop
|
|
those PIDs, and run
|
|
.Ic wait_for_pids
|
|
on those PIDs.
|
|
.It Cm reload
|
|
Similar to
|
|
.Cm stop ,
|
|
except that it uses
|
|
.Va sig_reload
|
|
instead, and does not run
|
|
.Ic wait_for_pids .
|
|
Another difference from
|
|
.Cm stop
|
|
is that
|
|
.Cm reload
|
|
is not provided by default.
|
|
It can be enabled via
|
|
.Va extra_commands
|
|
if appropriate:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "extra_commands=reload"
|
|
.It Cm restart
|
|
Runs the
|
|
.Cm stop
|
|
method, then the
|
|
.Cm start
|
|
method.
|
|
.It Cm status
|
|
Show the PID of
|
|
.Va command ,
|
|
or some other script specific status operation.
|
|
.It Cm poll
|
|
Wait for
|
|
.Va command
|
|
to exit.
|
|
.It Cm rcvar
|
|
Display which
|
|
.Xr rc.conf 5
|
|
variable is used (if any).
|
|
This method always works, even if the appropriate
|
|
.Xr rc.conf 5
|
|
variable is set to
|
|
.Dq Li NO .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following variables are available to the methods
|
|
(such as
|
|
.Ar argument Ns Va _cmd )
|
|
as well as after
|
|
.Ic run_rc_command
|
|
has completed:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".Va rc_flags" -offset indent
|
|
.It Va rc_arg
|
|
Argument provided to
|
|
.Ic run_rc_command ,
|
|
after fast and force processing has been performed.
|
|
.It Va rc_flags
|
|
Flags to start the default command with.
|
|
Defaults to
|
|
.Va ${name}_flags ,
|
|
unless overridden by the environment variable
|
|
.Sq Ev flags .
|
|
This variable may be changed by the
|
|
.Ar argument Ns Va _precmd
|
|
method.
|
|
.It Va rc_pid
|
|
PID of
|
|
.Va command
|
|
(if appropriate).
|
|
.It Va rc_fast
|
|
Not empty if
|
|
.Dq Li fast
|
|
prefix was used.
|
|
.It Va rc_force
|
|
Not empty if
|
|
.Dq Li force
|
|
prefix was used.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Ic run_rc_script Ar file argument
|
|
Start the script
|
|
.Ar file
|
|
with an argument of
|
|
.Ar argument ,
|
|
and handle the return value from the script.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Various shell variables are unset before
|
|
.Ar file
|
|
is started:
|
|
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
|
|
.Va name ,
|
|
.Va command ,
|
|
.Va command_args ,
|
|
.Va command_interpreter ,
|
|
.Va extra_commands ,
|
|
.Va pidfile ,
|
|
.Va rcvar ,
|
|
.Va required_dirs ,
|
|
.Va required_files ,
|
|
.Va required_vars ,
|
|
.Ar argument Ns Va _cmd ,
|
|
.Ar argument Ns Va _precmd .
|
|
.Ar argument Ns Va _postcmd .
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The startup behaviour of
|
|
.Ar file
|
|
depends upon the following checks:
|
|
.Bl -enum
|
|
.It
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar file
|
|
ends in
|
|
.Pa .sh ,
|
|
it is sourced into the current shell.
|
|
.It
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar file
|
|
appears to be a backup or scratch file
|
|
(e.g., with a suffix of
|
|
.Pa ~ , # , .OLD ,
|
|
or
|
|
.Pa .orig ) ,
|
|
ignore it.
|
|
.It
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar file
|
|
is not executable, ignore it.
|
|
.It
|
|
If the
|
|
.Xr rc.conf 5
|
|
variable
|
|
.Va rc_fast_and_loose
|
|
is empty,
|
|
source
|
|
.Ar file
|
|
in a sub shell,
|
|
otherwise source
|
|
.Ar file
|
|
into the current shell.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Ic stop_boot Op Ar always
|
|
Prevent booting to multiuser mode.
|
|
If the
|
|
.Va autoboot
|
|
variable is set to
|
|
.Ql yes ,
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic checkyesno Ar always
|
|
indicates a truth value, then a
|
|
.Dv SIGTERM
|
|
signal is sent to the parent
|
|
process, which is assumed to be
|
|
.Xr rc 8 .
|
|
Otherwise, the shell exits with a non-zero status.
|
|
.It Ic wait_for_pids Op Ar pid ...
|
|
Wait until all of the provided
|
|
.Ar pids
|
|
do not exist any more, printing the list of outstanding
|
|
.Ar pids
|
|
every two seconds.
|
|
.It Ic warn Ar message
|
|
Display a warning message to
|
|
.Va stderr
|
|
and log it to the system log
|
|
using
|
|
.Xr logger 1 .
|
|
The warning message consists of the script name
|
|
(from
|
|
.Va $0 ) ,
|
|
followed by
|
|
.Dq Li ": WARNING: " ,
|
|
and then
|
|
.Ar message .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".Pa /etc/rc.subr" -compact
|
|
.It Pa /etc/rc.subr
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
file resides in
|
|
.Pa /etc .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr rc.conf 5 ,
|
|
.Xr rc 8
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
script
|
|
appeared in
|
|
.Nx 1.3 .
|
|
The
|
|
.Xr rc.d 8
|
|
support functions appeared in
|
|
.Nx 1.5 .
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
script
|
|
first appeared in
|
|
.Fx 5.0 .
|