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the bandwidth of long fat pipes (i.e. 100Mbps+ trans-oceanic or trans-continental links). Bandwidth-delay products up to 64MB are supported. Also add support (not compiled by default) for the None cypher. The None cypher can only be enabled on non-interactive sessions (those without a pty where -T was not used) and must be enabled in both the client and server configuration files and on the client command line. Additionally, the None cypher will only be activated after authentication is complete. To enable the None cypher you must add -DNONE_CIPHER_ENABLED to CFLAGS via the make command line or in /etc/make.conf. This code is a style(9) compliant version of these features extracted from the patches published at: http://www.psc.edu/networking/projects/hpn-ssh/ Merging this patch has been a collaboration between me and Bjoern. Reviewed by: bz Approved by: re (kib), des (maintainer)
550 lines
12 KiB
Groff
550 lines
12 KiB
Groff
.\" $OpenBSD: sftp.1,v 1.88 2010/12/04 00:18:01 djm Exp $
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2001 Damien Miller. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd December 4, 2010
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.Dt SFTP 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm sftp
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.Nd secure file transfer program
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm sftp
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl 1246Cpqrv
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.Op Fl B Ar buffer_size
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.Op Fl b Ar batchfile
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.Op Fl c Ar cipher
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.Op Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
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.Op Fl F Ar ssh_config
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.Op Fl i Ar identity_file
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.Op Fl l Ar limit
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.Op Fl o Ar ssh_option
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.Op Fl P Ar port
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.Op Fl R Ar num_requests
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.Op Fl S Ar program
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.Op Fl s Ar subsystem | sftp_server
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.Ar host
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.Ek
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.Nm sftp
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.Oo Ar user Ns @ Oc Ns
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.Ar host Ns Op : Ns Ar
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.Nm sftp
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.Oo
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.Ar user Ns @ Oc Ns
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.Ar host Ns Oo : Ns Ar dir Ns
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.Op Ar /
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.Oc
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.Nm sftp
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.Fl b Ar batchfile
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.Oo Ar user Ns @ Oc Ns Ar host
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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is an interactive file transfer program, similar to
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.Xr ftp 1 ,
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which performs all operations over an encrypted
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.Xr ssh 1
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transport.
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It may also use many features of ssh, such as public key authentication and
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compression.
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.Nm
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connects and logs into the specified
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.Ar host ,
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then enters an interactive command mode.
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.Pp
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The second usage format will retrieve files automatically if a non-interactive
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authentication method is used; otherwise it will do so after
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successful interactive authentication.
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.Pp
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The third usage format allows
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.Nm
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to start in a remote directory.
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.Pp
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The final usage format allows for automated sessions using the
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.Fl b
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option.
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In such cases, it is necessary to configure non-interactive authentication
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to obviate the need to enter a password at connection time (see
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.Xr sshd 8
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and
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.Xr ssh-keygen 1
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for details).
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl 1
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Specify the use of protocol version 1.
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.It Fl 2
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Specify the use of protocol version 2.
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.It Fl 4
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Forces
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.Nm
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to use IPv4 addresses only.
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.It Fl 6
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Forces
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.Nm
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to use IPv6 addresses only.
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.It Fl B Ar buffer_size
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Specify the size of the buffer that
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.Nm
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uses when transferring files.
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Larger buffers require fewer round trips at the cost of higher
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memory consumption.
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The default is 32768 bytes.
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.It Fl b Ar batchfile
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Batch mode reads a series of commands from an input
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.Ar batchfile
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instead of
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.Em stdin .
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Since it lacks user interaction it should be used in conjunction with
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non-interactive authentication.
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A
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.Ar batchfile
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of
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.Sq \-
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may be used to indicate standard input.
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.Nm
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will abort if any of the following
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commands fail:
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.Ic get , put , rename , ln ,
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.Ic rm , mkdir , chdir , ls ,
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.Ic lchdir , chmod , chown ,
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.Ic chgrp , lpwd , df , symlink ,
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and
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.Ic lmkdir .
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Termination on error can be suppressed on a command by command basis by
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prefixing the command with a
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.Sq \-
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character (for example,
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.Ic -rm /tmp/blah* ) .
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.It Fl C
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Enables compression (via ssh's
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.Fl C
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flag).
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.It Fl c Ar cipher
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Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfers.
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This option is directly passed to
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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.It Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
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Connect directly to a local sftp server
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(rather than via
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.Xr ssh 1 ) .
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This option may be useful in debugging the client and server.
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.It Fl F Ar ssh_config
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Specifies an alternative
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per-user configuration file for
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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This option is directly passed to
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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.It Fl i Ar identity_file
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Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for public key
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authentication is read.
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This option is directly passed to
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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.It Fl l Ar limit
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Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.
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.It Fl o Ar ssh_option
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Can be used to pass options to
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.Nm ssh
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in the format used in
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.Xr ssh_config 5 .
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This is useful for specifying options
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for which there is no separate
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.Nm sftp
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command-line flag.
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For example, to specify an alternate port use:
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.Ic sftp -oPort=24 .
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For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see
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.Xr ssh_config 5 .
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
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.It AddressFamily
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.It BatchMode
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.It BindAddress
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.It ChallengeResponseAuthentication
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.It CheckHostIP
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.It Cipher
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.It Ciphers
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.It Compression
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.It CompressionLevel
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.It ConnectionAttempts
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.It ConnectTimeout
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.It ControlMaster
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.It ControlPath
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.It GlobalKnownHostsFile
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.It GSSAPIAuthentication
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.It GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
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.It HashKnownHosts
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.It Host
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.It HostbasedAuthentication
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.It HostKeyAlgorithms
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.It HostKeyAlias
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.It HostName
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.It IdentityFile
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.It IdentitiesOnly
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.It IPQoS
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.It KbdInteractiveDevices
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.It KexAlgorithms
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.It LogLevel
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.It MACs
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.It NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
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.It NumberOfPasswordPrompts
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.It PasswordAuthentication
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.It PKCS11Provider
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.It Port
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.It PreferredAuthentications
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.It Protocol
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.It ProxyCommand
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.It PubkeyAuthentication
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.It RekeyLimit
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.It RhostsRSAAuthentication
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.It RSAAuthentication
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.It SendEnv
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.It ServerAliveInterval
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.It ServerAliveCountMax
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.It StrictHostKeyChecking
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.It TCPKeepAlive
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.It UsePrivilegedPort
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.It User
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.It UserKnownHostsFile
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.It VerifyHostKeyDNS
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.El
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.It Fl P Ar port
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Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host.
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.It Fl p
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Preserves modification times, access times, and modes from the
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original files transferred.
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.It Fl q
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Quiet mode: disables the progress meter as well as warning and
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diagnostic messages from
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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.It Fl R Ar num_requests
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Specify how many requests may be outstanding at any one time.
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Increasing this may slightly improve file transfer speed
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but will increase memory usage.
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The default is 256 outstanding requests providing for 8MB
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of outstanding data with a 32KB buffer.
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.It Fl r
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Recursively copy entire directories when uploading and downloading.
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Note that
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.Nm
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does not follow symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal.
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.It Fl S Ar program
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Name of the
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.Ar program
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to use for the encrypted connection.
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The program must understand
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.Xr ssh 1
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options.
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.It Fl s Ar subsystem | sftp_server
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Specifies the SSH2 subsystem or the path for an sftp server
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on the remote host.
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A path is useful for using
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.Nm
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over protocol version 1, or when the remote
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.Xr sshd 8
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does not have an sftp subsystem configured.
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.It Fl v
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Raise logging level.
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This option is also passed to ssh.
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.El
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.Sh INTERACTIVE COMMANDS
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Once in interactive mode,
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.Nm
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understands a set of commands similar to those of
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.Xr ftp 1 .
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Commands are case insensitive.
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Pathnames that contain spaces must be enclosed in quotes.
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Any special characters contained within pathnames that are recognized by
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.Xr glob 3
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must be escaped with backslashes
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.Pq Sq \e .
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Ic bye
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Quit
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.Nm sftp .
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.It Ic cd Ar path
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Change remote directory to
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.Ar path .
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.It Ic chgrp Ar grp Ar path
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Change group of file
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.Ar path
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to
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.Ar grp .
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.Ar path
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may contain
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.Xr glob 3
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characters and may match multiple files.
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.Ar grp
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must be a numeric GID.
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.It Ic chmod Ar mode Ar path
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Change permissions of file
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.Ar path
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to
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.Ar mode .
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.Ar path
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may contain
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.Xr glob 3
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characters and may match multiple files.
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.It Ic chown Ar own Ar path
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Change owner of file
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.Ar path
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to
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.Ar own .
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.Ar path
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may contain
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.Xr glob 3
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characters and may match multiple files.
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.Ar own
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must be a numeric UID.
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.It Xo Ic df
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.Op Fl hi
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.Op Ar path
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.Xc
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Display usage information for the filesystem holding the current directory
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(or
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.Ar path
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if specified).
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If the
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.Fl h
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flag is specified, the capacity information will be displayed using
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"human-readable" suffixes.
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The
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.Fl i
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flag requests display of inode information in addition to capacity information.
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This command is only supported on servers that implement the
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.Dq statvfs@openssh.com
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extension.
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.It Ic exit
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Quit
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.Nm sftp .
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.It Xo Ic get
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.Op Fl Ppr
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.Ar remote-path
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.Op Ar local-path
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.Xc
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Retrieve the
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.Ar remote-path
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and store it on the local machine.
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If the local
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path name is not specified, it is given the same name it has on the
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remote machine.
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.Ar remote-path
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may contain
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.Xr glob 3
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|
characters and may match multiple files.
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If it does and
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.Ar local-path
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|
is specified, then
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.Ar local-path
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must specify a directory.
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.Pp
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If either the
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.Fl P
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or
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.Fl p
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flag is specified, then full file permissions and access times are
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copied too.
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.Pp
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If the
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.Fl r
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flag is specified then directories will be copied recursively.
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Note that
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.Nm
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does not follow symbolic links when performing recursive transfers.
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.It Ic help
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Display help text.
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.It Ic lcd Ar path
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Change local directory to
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.Ar path .
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.It Ic lls Op Ar ls-options Op Ar path
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Display local directory listing of either
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.Ar path
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or current directory if
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.Ar path
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is not specified.
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.Ar ls-options
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may contain any flags supported by the local system's
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.Xr ls 1
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command.
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.Ar path
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may contain
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.Xr glob 3
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characters and may match multiple files.
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.It Ic lmkdir Ar path
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Create local directory specified by
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.Ar path .
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.It Xo Ic ln
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.Op Fl s
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.Ar oldpath
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.Ar newpath
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.Xc
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Create a link from
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.Ar oldpath
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to
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.Ar newpath .
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If the
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.Fl s
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flag is specified the created link is a symbolic link, otherwise it is
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a hard link.
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.It Ic lpwd
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Print local working directory.
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.It Xo Ic ls
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.Op Fl 1afhlnrSt
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.Op Ar path
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.Xc
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Display a remote directory listing of either
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.Ar path
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or the current directory if
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.Ar path
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is not specified.
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.Ar path
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may contain
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.Xr glob 3
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characters and may match multiple files.
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.Pp
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The following flags are recognized and alter the behaviour of
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.Ic ls
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accordingly:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl 1
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Produce single columnar output.
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.It Fl a
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List files beginning with a dot
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.Pq Sq \&. .
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.It Fl f
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Do not sort the listing.
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The default sort order is lexicographical.
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.It Fl h
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When used with a long format option, use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte,
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Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte, Petabyte, and Exabyte in order to reduce
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the number of digits to four or fewer using powers of 2 for sizes (K=1024,
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M=1048576, etc.).
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.It Fl l
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Display additional details including permissions
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and ownership information.
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.It Fl n
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Produce a long listing with user and group information presented
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numerically.
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.It Fl r
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Reverse the sort order of the listing.
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.It Fl S
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Sort the listing by file size.
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.It Fl t
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Sort the listing by last modification time.
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.El
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.It Ic lumask Ar umask
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Set local umask to
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.Ar umask .
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.It Ic mkdir Ar path
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Create remote directory specified by
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.Ar path .
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.It Ic progress
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Toggle display of progress meter.
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.It Xo Ic put
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.Op Fl Ppr
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.Ar local-path
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.Op Ar remote-path
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.Xc
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Upload
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.Ar local-path
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and store it on the remote machine.
|
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If the remote path name is not specified, it is given the same name it has
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on the local machine.
|
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.Ar local-path
|
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may contain
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.Xr glob 3
|
|
characters and may match multiple files.
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|
If it does and
|
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.Ar remote-path
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|
is specified, then
|
|
.Ar remote-path
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|
must specify a directory.
|
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.Pp
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|
If ether the
|
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.Fl P
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|
or
|
|
.Fl p
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|
flag is specified, then full file permissions and access times are
|
|
copied too.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
flag is specified then directories will be copied recursively.
|
|
Note that
|
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.Nm
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|
does not follow symbolic links when performing recursive transfers.
|
|
.It Ic pwd
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Display remote working directory.
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.It Ic quit
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|
Quit
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.Nm sftp .
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.It Ic rename Ar oldpath Ar newpath
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Rename remote file from
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.Ar oldpath
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to
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.Ar newpath .
|
|
.It Ic rm Ar path
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|
Delete remote file specified by
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|
.Ar path .
|
|
.It Ic rmdir Ar path
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|
Remove remote directory specified by
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.Ar path .
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|
.It Ic symlink Ar oldpath Ar newpath
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|
Create a symbolic link from
|
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.Ar oldpath
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to
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.Ar newpath .
|
|
.It Ic version
|
|
Display the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
protocol version.
|
|
.It Ic \&! Ns Ar command
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|
Execute
|
|
.Ar command
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|
in local shell.
|
|
.It Ic \&!
|
|
Escape to local shell.
|
|
.It Ic \&?
|
|
Synonym for help.
|
|
.El
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|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr ftp 1 ,
|
|
.Xr ls 1 ,
|
|
.Xr scp 1 ,
|
|
.Xr ssh 1 ,
|
|
.Xr ssh-add 1 ,
|
|
.Xr ssh-keygen 1 ,
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|
.Xr glob 3 ,
|
|
.Xr ssh_config 5 ,
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|
.Xr sftp-server 8 ,
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.Xr sshd 8
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.Rs
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|
.%A T. Ylonen
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|
.%A S. Lehtinen
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|
.%T "SSH File Transfer Protocol"
|
|
.%N draft-ietf-secsh-filexfer-00.txt
|
|
.%D January 2001
|
|
.%O work in progress material
|
|
.Re
|