79660291fb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D1552 Submitted by: bcallah@openbsd.org (original) Approved by: wblock (mentor) MFC after: 1 week Sponsored by: ScaleEngine Inc.
544 lines
17 KiB
Groff
544 lines
17 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\"
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.\" To format this reference page, use the command:
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.\"
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.\" nroff -man ee.1
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.\"
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.\" $Header: /home/hugh/sources/old_ae/RCS/ee.1,v 1.22 2001/12/16 04:49:27 hugh Exp $
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.\"
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.\"
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.TH ee 1 "" "" ""
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.SH NAME
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ee \- easy editor
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.nf
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ee [-e] [-i] [-h] [+#] [\fIfile\fR ...]
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ree [-e] [-i] [-h] [+#] [\fIfile\fR ...]
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.ta
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.fi
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.ad b
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The command
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.I ee
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is a simple screen oriented text editor. It is always in text insertion
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mode unless there is a prompt at the bottom of the terminal, or a
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menu present (in a box in the middle of the terminal). The command
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.I ree
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is the same as
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.I ee,
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but restricted to editing the named
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file (no file operations, or shell escapes are allowed).
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.PP
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An editor with similar user-friendly qualities but more features is available
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and is called
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.I aee.
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.PP
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For
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.I ee
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to work properly, the environment variable
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.SM TERM
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must be set to indicate the type of terminal being used. For
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example, for an
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.SM HP 700/92
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terminal, the
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.SM TERM
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variable should be set to "70092". See your System Administrator if
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you need more information.
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.\"
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.\" options
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.\"
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.SS Options
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The following options are available from the command line:
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.PP
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.TP 4
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.B -e
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Turns off expansion of tab character to spaces.
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.TP
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.B -i
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Turns off display of information window at top of terminal.
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.TP
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.B -h
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Turns off highlighting of borders of windows and menus (improves
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performance on some terminals).
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.TP
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.B +#
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Moves the cursor to line '#' at startup.
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.br
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.\"
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.\" control keys
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.\"
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.SS "Control keys"
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To do anything other than insert text, the user must use the control
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keys (the
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.B Control
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key, represented by a "^", pressed in conjunction with an
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alphabetic key, e.g., ^a) and function keys available on the keyboard
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(such as
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.BR "Next Page" ", " "Prev Page" ,
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arrow keys, etc.).
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.PP
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Since not all terminals have function keys,
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.I ee
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has the basic cursor movement functions assigned to control keys as
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well as more intuitive keys on the keyboard when available. For
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instance, to move the cursor up, the user can use the up arrow key,
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or
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.BR ^u .
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.RS 4
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.nf
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.ta 1.4i
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.sp
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^a Prompt for the decimal value of a character to insert.
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^b Move to the bottom of the text.
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^c Get the prompt for a command.
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^d Move the cursor down.
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^e Prompt for the string to search for.
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^f Undelete the last deleted character.
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^g Move to the beginning of the line.
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^h Backspace.
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^i Tab.
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^j Insert a newline.
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^k Delete the character the cursor is sitting on.
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^l Move the cursor left.
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^m Insert a newline.
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^n Move to the next page.
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^o Move to the end of the line.
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^p Move to the previous page.
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^r Move the cursor to the right.
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^t Move to the top of the text.
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^u Move the cursor up.
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^v Undelete the last deleted word.
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^w Delete the word beginning at the cursor position.
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^x Search.
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^y Delete from the cursor position to the end of line.
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^z Undelete the last deleted line.
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^[ (ESC) Pop up menu.
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.ta
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.fi
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.RE
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.sp
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.SS "EMACS keys mode"
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.PP
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Since many shells provide an Emacs mode (for cursor movement and other editing
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operations), some bindings that may be more useful for people familiar with
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those bindings have been provided. These are accessible via the
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.B settings
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menu, or via the initialization file (see below). The mappings are as follows:
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.RS
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.nf
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.ta 1.4i
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^a Move to the beginning of the line.
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^b Back 1 character.
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^c Command prompt.
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^d Delete character the cursor is sitting on.
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^e End of line.
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^f Forward 1 character.
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^g Go back 1 page.
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^h Backspace.
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^i Tab.
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^j Undelete last deleted character.
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^k Delete line.
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^l Undelete last deleted line.
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^m Insert a newline.
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^n Move to the next line.
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^o Prompt for the decimal value of a character to insert.
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^p Previous line.
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^r Restore last deleted word.
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^t Move to the top of the text.
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^u Move to the bottom of the text.
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^v Move to the next page.
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^w Delete the word beginning at the cursor position.
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^y Prompt for the string to search for.
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^z Next word.
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^[ (ESC) Pop up menu.
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.ta
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.fi
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.RE
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.sp
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.\"
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.\" function keys
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.\"
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.SS "Function Keys"
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.RS 4
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.IP "\fBNext Page\fR"
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Move to the next page.
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.IP "\fBPrev Page\fR"
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Move to the previous page.
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.IP "\fBDelete Char\fR"
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Delete the character the cursor is on.
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.IP "\fBDelete Line\fR"
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Delete from the cursor to the end of line.
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.IP "\fBInsert line\fR"
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Insert a newline at the cursor position.
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.IP "\fBArrow keys\fR"
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Move the cursor in the direction indicated.
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.RE
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.\"
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.\" commands
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.\"
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.SS Commands
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.PP
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Some operations require more information than a single keystroke can
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provide. For the most basic operations, there is a menu that can be
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obtained by pressing the
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.SM \fBESC\fR
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key. The same operations, and more can be performed by obtaining the
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command prompt (^c) and typing in one of the commands below.
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.RS 4
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.IP "!\fBcmd\fR"
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Execute \fBcmd\fR in a shell.
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.IP "\fB0-9\fR"
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Move to the line indicated.
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.IP "\fBcase\fR"
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Make searches case sensitive.
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.IP "\fBcharacter\fR"
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Display the ascii value of the character at the cursor.
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.IP "\fBexit\fR"
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Save the edited text, and leave the editor.
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.IP "\fBexpand\fR"
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Expand tabs to spaces.
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.IP "\fBfile\fR"
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Print the name of the file.
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.IP "\fBhelp\fR"
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Display help screen.
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.IP "\fBline\fR"
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Display the current line number.
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.IP "\fBnocase\fR
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Make searches insensitive to case (the default).
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.IP "\fBnoexpand\fR"
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Don't expand tab to spaces when the TAB key is pressed.
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.IP "\fBquit\fR"
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Leave the editor without saving changes.
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.IP "\fBread\fR \fIfile\fR"
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Read the named \fIfile\fR.
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.IP "\fBwrite\fR \fIfile\fR"
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Write the text to the named \fIfile\fR.
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.RE
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.\"
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.\" menu operations
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.\"
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.SS "Menu Operations"
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.PP
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Pop-up menus can be obtained by pressing the
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.B escape
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key (or
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.B ^[
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if no
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.B escape
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key is present). When in the menu, the escape key can be
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used to leave the menu without performing any operations. Use the up and
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down arrow keys, or
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.B ^u
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for moving up and
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.B ^d
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for moving down to move to the desired items in the menu, then press
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.B return
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to perform the indicated task.
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.PP
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To the left of each menu item is a letter, which if the corresponding
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letter is pressed on the keyboard selects that menu entry.
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.PP
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The main menu in \fIee\fR is as follows:
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.RS 4
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.IP "\fBleave editor\fR"
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If changes have been made, the user will get a menu prompting whether or
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not the changes should be saved.
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.IP "\fBhelp\fR"
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Displays a help screen, with all of the keyboard operations and commands.
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.IP "\fBfile operations\fR"
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Pops up a menu for selecting whether to read a file, write to a file, or
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save the current contents of the editor, as well as send the contents of
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the editor to a print command (see the section \fBInitializing ee from a
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file\fR).
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.IP "\fBredraw screen\fR"
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Provides a means to repaint the screen if the screen has been corrupted.
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.IP "\fBsettings\fR"
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Shows the current values of the operating modes, and right margin. By
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pressing return when the cursor is on a particular item, the value can be
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changed. To leave this menu, press the \fBescape\fR key. (See \fBModes\fR
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below.)
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.IP "\fBsearch\fR"
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.br
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Pops up a menu in which the user may choose to enter a string to search
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for, or search for a string already entered.
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.IP "\fBmiscellaneous\fR"
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Pops up a menu that allows the user to format the current paragraph,
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execute a shell command, or check the spelling of the text in the editor.
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.RE
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.\"
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.\" paragraph formatting
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.\"
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.SS "Paragraph Formatting"
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.PP
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Paragraphs are defined for \fIee\fR by a block of text bounded by:
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.sp
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.RS 8
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.IP \(bu
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Begin or end of file.
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.IP \(bu
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Line with no characters, or only spaces and/or tabs.
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.IP \(bu
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Line starting with a period ('.') or right angle bracket ('>').
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.RE
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.PP
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A paragraph may be formatted two ways: explicitly by choosing the
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\fBformat paragraph\fR menu item, or by setting \fIee\fR to automatically
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format paragraphs. The automatic mode may be set via a menu, or via the
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initialization file.
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.PP
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There are three states for text operation in \fIee\fR: free-form, margins,
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and automatic formatting.
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.PP
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"Free-form" is best used for things like programming. There are no
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restrictions on the length of lines, and no formatting takes place.
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.PP
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"Margins" allows the user to type in text without having to worry about going
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beyond the right margin (the right margin may be set in the \fBsettings\fR
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menu, the default is for the margin to be the right edge of the
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terminal). This is the mode that allows the \fBformat paragraph\fR menu
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item to work.
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.PP
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"Automatic formatting" provides word-processor-like behavior. The user
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may type in text, while \fIee\fR will make sure the entire paragraph fits
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within the width of the terminal every time the user inserts a space after
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typing or deleting text. Margin observation must also be enabled in order for
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automatic formatting to occur.
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.\"
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.\" modes
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.\"
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.SS Modes
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.PP
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Although ee is a 'modeless' editor (it is in text insertion mode all the
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time), there are modes in some of the things it does. These include:
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.RS 4
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.IP "\fBtab expansion\fR"
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Tabs may be inserted as a single tab character, or replaced with spaces.
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.IP "\fBcase sensitivity\fR"
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The search operation can be sensitive to whether characters are upper- or
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lower-case, or ignore case completely.
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.IP "\fBmargins observed\fR"
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Lines can either be truncated at the right margin, or extend on forever.
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.IP "\fBauto paragraph formatting\fR"
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While typing in text, the editor can try to keep it looking reasonably well
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within the width of the screen.
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.IP "\fBeightbit characters\fR"
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Toggles whether eight bit characters are displayed as their value in angle
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brackets (e.g. "<220>") or as a character.
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.IP "\fBinfo window\fR"
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A window showing the keyboard operations that can be performed can be
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displayed or not.
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.IP "\fBemacs keys\fR"
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Control keys may be given bindings similar to emacs, or not.
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.IP "\fB16 bit characters\fR"
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Toggles whether sixteen bit characters are handled as one 16-bit quantity or
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two 8-bit quantities. This works primarily with the Chinese Big 5 code set.
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.RE
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.PP
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You may set these modes via the initialization file (see below), or with a
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menu (see above).
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.\"
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.\" spell checking
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.\"
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.SS "Spell Checking"
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.PP
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There are two ways to have the spelling in the text checked from \fIee\fR.
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One is by the traditional \fIspell\fR(1) command, the other is with the
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optional \fIispell\fR(1) command.
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.PP
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Using \fIspell\fR, the words that are not recognized will be placed at the top
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of the file. For the \fIispell\fR option, the file is written to disk,
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then \fIispell\fR run on the file, and the file read back in once
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\fIispell\fR has completed making changes to the file.
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.\"
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.\" printing
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.\"
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.SS "Printing the contents of the editor"
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.PP
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The user may select a menu item which prints the contents of the editor.
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.I ee
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pipes the text in the editor to the command specified by the
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initialization command
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.B printcommand
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(see the section
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.B Initializing ee from a file
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below). The default is to send the contents to "lp".
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.PP
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Whatever the user assigns to
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.B printcommand
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must take input from
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standard input. See your system administrator for more details.
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.\"
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.\" shell operations
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.\"
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.SS "Shell operations"
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.PP
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Shell commands can be executed from within
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.I ee
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by selecting the
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.B shell command
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item in the
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.B miscellaneous
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menu, or by placing an exclamation mark ("!") before the command to
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execute at the
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.B command:
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prompt. Additionally, the user may direct the contents of the edit buffer
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out to a shell operation (via a pipe) by using the left angle bracket
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(">"), followed by a "!" and the shell command to execute. The output of
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a shell operation can also be directed into the edit buffer by using a
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right angle bracket ("<") before the exclamation mark. These can even be
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used together to send output to a shell operation and read back the
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results into the editor. So, if the editor contained a list of words
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to be sorted, they could be sorted by typing the following at the command
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prompt:
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.RS 4
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.sp
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><!sort
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.sp
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.RE
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This would send the contents of the editor to be piped into the
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.I sort
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utility and the result would be placed into the edit buffer at the current
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cursor location. The old information would have to be deleted by the user.
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.\"
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.\" initializing ee from a file
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.\"
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.SS "Initializing ee from a file"
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.PP
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Since different users have different preferences, \fIee\fR allows some
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slight configurability. There are three possible locations for an
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initialization file for ee: the file \fI/usr/share/misc/init.ee\fR, the
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file \fI.init.ee\fR in the user's home directory, or the file \fI.init.ee\fR
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in the current directory (if different from the home
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directory). This allows system administrators to set some preferences for
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the users on a system-wide basis (for example, the \fBprint\fR command),
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and the user to customize settings for particular directories (like one
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for correspondence, and a different directory for programming).
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.PP
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The file \fI\/usr/share/misc/init.ee\fR is read first, then
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\fI$HOME/.init.ee\fR, then \fI.init.ee\fR, with the settings specified by the
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most recent file read taking precedence.
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.PP
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The following items may be entered in the initialization file:
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.RS 4
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.IP \fBcase\fR
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Sets searches to be case sensitive.
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.IP \fBnocase\fR
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Sets searches to be insensitive to case (default).
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.IP \fBexpand\fR
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Causes \fIee\fR to expand tabs to spaces (default).
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.IP \fBnoexpand\fR
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Causes \fIee\fR to insert tabs as a single character.
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.IP \fBinfo\fR
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A small information window is displayed at the top of the terminal
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(default).
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.IP \fBnoinfo\fR
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Turns off the display of the information window.
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.IP \fBmargins\fR
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Causes \fIee\fR to truncate lines at the right margin when the
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cursor passes beyond the right margin as set by the user
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while text is being inserted
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(default).
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.IP \fBnomargins\fR
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Allows lines to extend beyond the right margin.
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.IP \fBautoformat\fR
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Causes \fIee\fR to automatically try to format the current paragraph while
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text insertion is occurring.
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.IP \fBnoautoformat\fR
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Turns off automatic paragraph formatting (default).
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.IP \fBprintcommand\fR
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Allows the setting of the print command (default: "lp").
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.IP \fBrightmargin\fR
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The user can select a value for the right margin (the first column on the
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screen is zero).
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.IP \fBhighlight\fR
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Turns on highlighting border of information window and menus (default).
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.IP \fBnohighlight\fR
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Turns off highlighting of border of information window and menus.
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.IP \fBeightbit\fR
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Turns on display of eight bit characters.
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.IP \fBnoeightbit\fR
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Turns off display of eight bit characters (they are displayed as their decimal
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value inside angle brackets, e.g., "<220>").
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.IP \fB16bit\fR
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Turns on handling of 16-bit characters.
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.IP \fBno16bit\fR
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Turns off handling of 16-bit characters.
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.IP \fBemacs\fR
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Turns on emacs key bindings.
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.IP \fBnoemacs\fR
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Turns off emacs key bindings.
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.RE
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.\"
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.\" save editor configuration
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.\"
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.SS "Save Editor Configuration"
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.PP
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When using this entry from the
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.B settings
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menu, the user may choose to save the current configuration of
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the editor (see \fBInitializing ee from a
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file\fR above) to a file named
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.I .init.ee
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in the current directory or the user's home directory. If a file named
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.I .init.ee
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already exists, it will be renamed
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.IR .init.ee.old .
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.\"
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.\" Caveats
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.\"
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.SH CAVEATS
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.PP
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THIS MATERIAL IS PROVIDED "AS IS". THERE ARE
|
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NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS
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MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Neither
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Hewlett-Packard nor Hugh Mahon shall be liable
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for errors contained herein, nor for
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incidental or consequential damages in
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connection with the furnishing, performance or
|
|
use of this material. Neither Hewlett-Packard
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|
nor Hugh Mahon assumes any responsibility for
|
|
the use or reliability of this software or
|
|
documentation. This software and
|
|
documentation is totally UNSUPPORTED. There
|
|
is no support contract available. Hewlett-Packard
|
|
has done NO Quality Assurance on ANY
|
|
of the program or documentation. You may find
|
|
the quality of the materials inferior to
|
|
supported materials.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Always make a copy of files that cannot be easily reproduced before
|
|
editing. Save files early, and save often.
|
|
.SS "International Code Set Support"
|
|
.I ee
|
|
supports single-byte character code sets (eight-bit clean), or the
|
|
Chinese Big-5 code set. (Other multi-byte code sets may function, but the
|
|
reason Big-5 works is that a two-byte character also takes up two columns on
|
|
the screen.)
|
|
.SH WARNINGS
|
|
The automatic paragraph formatting operation
|
|
may be too slow for slower systems.
|
|
.SH FILES
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I /usr/share/misc/init.ee
|
|
.br
|
|
.I $HOME/.init.ee
|
|
.br
|
|
.I .init.ee
|
|
.SH AUTHOR
|
|
.PP
|
|
The software
|
|
.I ee
|
|
was developed by Hugh Mahon.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This software and documentation contains
|
|
proprietary information which is protected by
|
|
copyright. All rights are reserved.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1995, 1996, 2001 Hugh Mahon.
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
.PP
|
|
termcap(4), terminfo(4), environ(5), spell(1), ispell(1), lp(1), aee(1)
|
|
|