582 lines
14 KiB
Groff
582 lines
14 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2007 Joseph Koshy. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" This software is provided by Joseph Koshy ``as is'' and
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.\" any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to, the
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.\" implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
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.\" are disclaimed. in no event shall Joseph Koshy be liable
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.\" for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, exemplary, or consequential
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.\" damages (including, but not limited to, procurement of substitute goods
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.\" or services; loss of use, data, or profits; or business interruption)
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.\" however caused and on any theory of liability, whether in contract, strict
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.\" liability, or tort (including negligence or otherwise) arising in any way
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.\" out of the use of this software, even if advised of the possibility of
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.\" such damage.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd December 22, 2011
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.Dt AR 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm ar ,
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.Nm ranlib
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.Nd manage archives
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Fl d
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.Op Fl T
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.Op Fl f
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.Op Fl j
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.Op Fl v
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.Op Fl z
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.Ar archive
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.Ar
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.Nm
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.Fl m
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.Op Fl T
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.Op Fl a Ar position-after
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.Op Fl b Ar position-before
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.Op Fl f
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.Op Fl i Ar position-before
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.Op Fl j
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.Op Fl s | Fl S
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.Op Fl z
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.Ar archive
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.Ar
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.Nm
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.Fl p
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.Op Fl T
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.Op Fl f
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.Op Fl v
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.Ar archive
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.Op Ar
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.Nm
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.Fl q
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.Op Fl T
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.Op Fl c
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.Op Fl D
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.Op Fl f
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.Op Fl s | Fl S
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.Op Fl v
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.Op Fl z
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.Ar archive
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.Ar
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.Nm
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.Fl r
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.Op Fl T
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.Op Fl a Ar position-after
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.Op Fl b Ar position-before
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.Op Fl c
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.Op Fl D
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.Op Fl f
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.Op Fl i Ar position-before
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.Op Fl j
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.Op Fl s | Fl S
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.Op Fl u
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.Op Fl v
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.Op Fl z
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.Ar archive
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.Ar
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.Nm
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.Fl s
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.Op Fl j
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.Op Fl z
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.Ar archive
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.Nm
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.Fl t
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.Op Fl f
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.Op Fl T
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.Op Fl v
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.Ar archive
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.Op Ar
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.Nm
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.Fl x
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.Op Fl C
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.Op Fl T
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.Op Fl f
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.Op Fl o
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.Op Fl u
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.Op Fl v
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.Ar archive
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.Op Ar
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.Nm
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.Fl M
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.Nm ranlib
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.Op Fl D
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.Ar archive ...
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility creates and maintains groups of files combined into an
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archive.
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Once an archive has been created, new files can be added to it, and
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existing files can be extracted, deleted or replaced.
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.Pp
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Files are named in the archive by their last file name component,
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so if a file referenced by a path containing a
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.Dq /
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is archived, it will be named by the last component of the path.
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Similarly when matching paths listed on the command line against
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file names stored in the archive, only the last component of the
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path will be compared.
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.Pp
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The normal use of
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.Nm
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is for the creation and maintenance of libraries suitable for use
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with the link editor
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.Xr ld 1 ,
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although it is not restricted to this purpose.
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The
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.Nm
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utility can create and manage an archive symbol table (see
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.Xr ar 5 )
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used to speed up link editing operations.
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If a symbol table is present in an archive, it will be
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kept up-to-date by subsequent operations on the archive.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm ranlib
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utility is used to add an archive symbol table
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to an existing archive.
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.Sh OPTIONS
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The
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.Nm
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utility supports the following options:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl a Ar member-after
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When used with option
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.Fl m
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this option specifies that the archive members specified by
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arguments
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.Ar
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are moved to after the archive member named by argument
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.Ar member-after .
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When used with option
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.Fl r
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this option specifies that the files specified by arguments
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.Ar
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are added after the archive member named by argument
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.Ar member-after .
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.It Fl b Ar member-before
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When used with option
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.Fl m
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this option specifies that the archive members specified by
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arguments
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.Ar
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are moved to before the archive member named by argument
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.Ar member-before .
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When used with option
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.Fl r
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this option specifies that the files specified by arguments
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.Ar
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are added before the archive member named by argument
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.Ar member-before .
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.It Fl c
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Suppress the informational message printed when a new archive is
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created using the
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.Fl r
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and
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.Fl q
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options.
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.It Fl C
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Prevent extracted files from replacing like-named files
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in the file system.
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.It Fl d
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Delete the members named by arguments
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.Ar
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from the archive specified by argument
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.Ar archive .
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The archive's symbol table, if present, is updated to reflect
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the new contents of the archive.
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.It Fl D
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When used in combination with the
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.Fl r
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or
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.Fl q
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option, insert 0's instead of the real mtime, uid and gid values
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and 0644 instead of file mode from the members named by arguments
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.Ar .
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This ensures that checksums on the resulting archives are reproducible
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when member contents are identical.
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.It Fl f
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Synonymous with option
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.Fl T .
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.It Fl i Ar member-before
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Synonymous with option
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.Fl b .
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.It Fl j
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This option is accepted but ignored.
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.It Fl l
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This option is accepted for compatibility with GNU
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.Xr ar 1 ,
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but is ignored.
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.It Fl m
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Move archive members specified by arguments
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.Ar
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within the archive.
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If a position has been specified by one of the
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.Fl a ,
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.Fl b
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or
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.Fl i
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options, the members are moved to before or after the specified
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position.
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If no position has been specified, the specified members are moved
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to the end of the archive.
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If the archive has a symbol table, it is updated to reflect the
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new contents of the archive.
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.It Fl M
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Read and execute MRI librarian commands from standard input.
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The commands understood by the
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.Nm
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utility are described in the section
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.Sx "MRI Librarian Commands" .
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.It Fl o
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Preserve the original modification times of members when extracting
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them.
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.It Fl p
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Write the contents of the specified archive members named by
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arguments
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.Ar
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to standard output.
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|
If no members were specified, the contents of all the files in the
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archive are written in the order they appear in the archive.
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|
.It Fl q
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Append the files specified by arguments
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.Ar
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|
to the archive specified by argument
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.Ar archive
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without checking if the files already exist in the archive.
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|
The archive symbol table will be updated as needed.
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|
If the file specified by the argument
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.Ar archive
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does not already exist, a new archive will be created.
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.It Fl r
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Replace (add) the files specified by arguments
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.Ar
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in the archive specified by argument
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.Ar archive ,
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creating the archive if necessary.
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|
Replacing existing members will not change the order of members within
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the archive.
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|
If a file named in arguments
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.Ar
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does not exist, existing members in the archive that match that
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name are not changed.
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|
New files are added to the end of the archive unless one of the
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positioning options
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|
.Fl a ,
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.Fl b
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|
or
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.Fl i
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is specified.
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|
The archive symbol table, if it exists, is updated to reflect the
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new state of the archive.
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.It Fl s
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Add an archive symbol table (see
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.Xr ar 5 )
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|
to the archive specified by argument
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.Ar archive .
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|
Invoking
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.Nm
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with the
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.Fl s
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option alone is equivalent to invoking
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|
.Nm ranlib .
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.It Fl S
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Do not generate an archive symbol table.
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.It Fl t
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List the files specified by arguments
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.Ar
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in the order in which they appear in the archive, one per line.
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|
If no files are specified, all files in the archive are listed.
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.It Fl T
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Use only the first fifteen characters of the archive member name or
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|
command line file name argument when naming archive members.
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|
.It Fl u
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Conditionally update the archive or extract members.
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|
When used with the
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.Fl r
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option, files named by arguments
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.Ar
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|
will be replaced in the archive if they are newer than their
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archived versions.
|
|
When used with the
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.Fl x
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option, the members specified by arguments
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.Ar
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|
will be extracted only if they are newer than the corresponding
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files in the file system.
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|
.It Fl v
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Provide verbose output.
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|
When used with the
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.Fl d ,
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.Fl m ,
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.Fl q
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or
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.Fl x
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|
options,
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.Nm
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gives a file-by-file description of the archive modification being
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performed, which consists of three white-space separated fields:
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|
the option letter, a dash
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|
.Dq "-" ,
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|
and the file name.
|
|
When used with the
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.Fl r
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option,
|
|
.Nm
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displays the description as above, but the initial letter is an
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.Dq a
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if the file is added to the archive, or an
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.Dq r
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|
if the file replaces a file already in the archive.
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|
When used with the
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.Fl p
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option, the name of the file enclosed in
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.Dq <
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|
and
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|
.Dq >
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|
characters is written to standard output preceded by a single newline
|
|
character and followed by two newline characters.
|
|
The contents of the named file follow the file name.
|
|
When used with the
|
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.Fl t
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option,
|
|
.Nm
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|
displays eight whitespace separated fields:
|
|
the file permissions as displayed by
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|
.Xr strmode 3 ,
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|
decimal user and group IDs separated by a slash (
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|
.Dq / Ns ) ,
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|
the file size in bytes, the file modification time in
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|
.Xr strftime 3
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|
format
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|
.Dq "%b %e %H:%M %Y" ,
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|
and the name of the file.
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.It Fl V
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Print a version string and exit.
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|
.It Fl x
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Extract archive members specified by arguments
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.Ar
|
|
into the current directory.
|
|
If no members have been specified, extract all members of the archive.
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|
If the file corresponding to an extracted member does not exist it
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will be created.
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|
If the file corresponding to an extracted member does exist, its owner
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|
and group will not be changed while its contents will be overwritten
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and its permissions will set to that entered in the archive.
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|
The file's access and modification time would be that of the time
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of extraction unless the
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.Fl o
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option was specified.
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.It Fl z
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This option is accepted but ignored.
|
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.El
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.Ss "MRI Librarian Commands"
|
|
If the
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.Fl M
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option is specified, the
|
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.Nm
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utility will read and execute commands from its standard input.
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If standard input is a terminal, the
|
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.Nm
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utility will display the prompt
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.Dq Li "AR >"
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|
before reading a line, and will continue operation even if errors are
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encountered.
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|
If standard input is not a terminal, the
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.Nm
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utility will not display a prompt and will terminate execution on
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encountering an error.
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.Pp
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|
Each input line contains a single command.
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|
Words in an input line are separated by whitespace characters.
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|
The first word of the line is the command, the remaining words are
|
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the arguments to the command.
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|
The command word may be specified in either case.
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Arguments may be separated by commas or blanks.
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.Pp
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Empty lines are allowed and are ignored.
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Long lines are continued by ending them with the
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.Dq Li +
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character.
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.Pp
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The
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.Dq Li *
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and
|
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.Dq Li "\&;"
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characters start a comment.
|
|
Comments extend till the end of the line.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When executing an MRI librarian script the
|
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.Nm
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utility works on a temporary copy of an archive.
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|
Changes to the copy are made permanent using the
|
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.Ic save
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command.
|
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.Pp
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Commands understood by the
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.Nm
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utility are:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Ic addlib Ar archive | Ic addlib Ar archive Pq Ar member Oo Li , Ar member Oc Ns ...
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|
Add the contents of the archive named by argument
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.Ar archive
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|
to the current archive.
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|
If specific members are named using the arguments
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.Ar member ,
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|
then those members are added to the current archive.
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|
If no members are specified, the entire contents of the archive
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are added to the current archive.
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.It Ic addmod Ar member Oo Li , Ar member Oc Ns ...
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|
Add the files named by arguments
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.Ar member
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to the current archive.
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|
.It Ic clear
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|
Discard all the contents of the current archive.
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|
.It Ic create Ar archive
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|
Create a new archive named by the argument
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.Ar archive ,
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|
and makes it the current archive.
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|
If the named archive already exists, it will be overwritten
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|
when the
|
|
.Ic save
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command is issued.
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|
.It Ic delete Ar module Oo Li , Ar member Oc Ns ...
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|
Delete the modules named by the arguments
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.Ar member
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from the current archive.
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|
.It Ic directory Ar archive Po Ar member Oo Li , Ar member Oc Ns ... Pc Op Ar outputfile
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|
List each named module in the archive.
|
|
The format of the output depends on the verbosity setting set using
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|
the
|
|
.Ic verbose
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command.
|
|
Output is sent to standard output, or to the file specified by
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argument
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.Ar outputfile .
|
|
.It Ic end
|
|
Exit successfully from the
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|
.Nm
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utility.
|
|
Any unsaved changes to the current archive will be discarded.
|
|
.It Ic extract Ar member Oo Li , Ar member Oc Ns ...
|
|
Extract the members named by the arguments
|
|
.Ar member
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|
from the current archive.
|
|
.It Ic list
|
|
Display the contents of the current archive in verbose style.
|
|
.It Ic open Ar archive
|
|
Open the archive named by argument
|
|
.Ar archive
|
|
and make it the current archive.
|
|
.It Ic replace Ar member Oo Li , Ar member Oc Ns ...
|
|
Replace named members in the current archive with the files specified
|
|
by arguments
|
|
.Ar member .
|
|
The files must be present in the current directory and the named
|
|
modules must already exist in the current archive.
|
|
.It Ic save
|
|
Commit all changes to the current archive.
|
|
.It Ic verbose
|
|
Toggle the verbosity of the
|
|
.Ic directory
|
|
command.
|
|
.El
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|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
To create a new archive
|
|
.Pa ex.a
|
|
containing three files
|
|
.Pa ex1.o ,
|
|
.Pa ex2.o
|
|
and
|
|
.Pa ex3.o ,
|
|
use:
|
|
.Dl "ar -rc ex.a ex1.o ex2.o ex3.o"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To add an archive symbol table to an existing archive
|
|
.Pa ex.a ,
|
|
use:
|
|
.Dl "ar -s ex.a"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To delete file
|
|
.Pa ex1.o
|
|
from archive
|
|
.Pa ex.a ,
|
|
use:
|
|
.D1 "ar -d ex.a ex1.o"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To verbosely list the contents of archive
|
|
.Pa ex.a ,
|
|
use:
|
|
.D1 "ar -tv ex.a"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To create a new archive
|
|
.Pa ex.a
|
|
containing the files
|
|
.Pa ex1.o ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Pa ex2.o ,
|
|
using MRI librarian commands, use the following script:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
create ex.a * specify the output archive
|
|
addmod ex1.o ex2.o * add modules
|
|
save * save pending changes
|
|
end * exit the utility
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
.Ex -std
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr ld 1 ,
|
|
.Xr archive 3 ,
|
|
.Xr elf 3 ,
|
|
.Xr strftime 3 ,
|
|
.Xr strmode 3 ,
|
|
.Xr ar 5
|
|
.Sh STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility's support for the
|
|
.Fl a ,
|
|
.Fl b ,
|
|
.Fl c ,
|
|
.Fl i ,
|
|
.Fl m ,
|
|
.Fl p ,
|
|
.Fl q ,
|
|
.Fl r ,
|
|
.Fl s ,
|
|
.Fl t ,
|
|
.Fl u ,
|
|
.Fl v ,
|
|
.Fl C
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl T
|
|
options is believed to be compliant with
|
|
.St -p1003.2 .
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
An
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command first appeared in AT&T UNIX Version 1.
|
|
In
|
|
.Fx 8.0 ,
|
|
.An Kai Wang Aq Mt kaiw@FreeBSD.org
|
|
reimplemented
|
|
.Nm
|
|
and
|
|
.Nm ranlib
|
|
using the
|
|
.Lb libarchive
|
|
and the
|
|
.Lb libelf .
|