152 lines
4.1 KiB
Groff
152 lines
4.1 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)mknod.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd October 31, 2009
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.Dt MKNOD 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm mknod
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.Nd build special file
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Ar name
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.Op Cm b | c
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.Ar major minor
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.Op Ar owner : Ns Ar group
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Bf -symbolic
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The
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.Nm
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utility is deprecated on modern
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.Fx
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systems.
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.Ef
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility creates device special files.
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To make nodes manually, the four required arguments are:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Ar name
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Device name, for example
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.Dq sd
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for a SCSI disk on an HP300 or a
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.Dq pty
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for pseudo-terminals.
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.It Cm b | c
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Type of device.
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If the
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device is a block type device such as a tape or disk drive which needs
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both cooked and raw special files,
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the type is
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.Cm b .
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All other devices are character type devices, such as terminal
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and pseudo devices, and are type
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.Cm c .
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.It Ar major
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The major device number is an integer number which tells the kernel
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which device driver entry point to use.
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.It Ar minor
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The minor device number tells the kernel which subunit
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the node corresponds to on the device; for example,
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a subunit may be a file system partition
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or a tty line.
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.It Ar owner : Ns Ar group
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The
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.Ar owner
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.Ar group
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operand pair is optional, however, if one is specified, they both must be
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specified.
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The
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.Ar owner
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may be either a numeric user ID or a user name.
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If a user name is also a numeric user ID, the operand is used as a
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user name.
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The
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.Ar group
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may be either a numeric group ID or a group name.
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Similar to the user name,
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if a group name is also a numeric group ID, the operand is used as a
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group name.
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.El
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.Pp
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Major and minor device numbers can be given in any format acceptable to
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.Xr strtoul 3 ,
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so that a leading
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.Ql 0x
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indicates a hexadecimal number, and a leading
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.Ql 0
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will cause the number to be interpreted as octal.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility can be used to recreate deleted device nodes under a
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.Xr devfs 5
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mount point by invoking it using dummy arguments.
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Example:
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.Pp
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.Dl "mknod cd0 c 0 0"
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.Pp
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where
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.Dq Li cd0
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is the name of the deleted device node.
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.Sh COMPATIBILITY
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The
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.Xr chown 8 Ns - Ns
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like functionality is specific to
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.Fx .
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.Pp
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As of
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.Fx 4.0 ,
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block devices were deprecated in favour of character
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devices.
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As of
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.Fx 5.0 ,
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device nodes are managed by the device file system
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.Xr devfs 5 ,
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making the
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.Nm
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utility superfluous.
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As of
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.Fx 6.0
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device nodes may be created in regular file systems but such
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nodes cannot be used to access devices.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr mkfifo 1 ,
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.Xr mknod 2 ,
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.Xr devfs 5 ,
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.Xr chown 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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A
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.Nm
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utility appeared in
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.At v6 .
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